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Abdulqudus Bola Aroyehun
Clinical Nutrition, The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Scotland AB24 3FX, UK

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Journal article
Published: 15 August 2021 in Molecules
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The aim of the study was to determine the chemical profile, antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activities of Heterotrigona itama bee bread from Malaysia. The pH, presence of phytochemicals, antioxidant properties, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), as well as antimicrobial activities, were assessed. Results revealed a decrease in the pH of bee bread water extract (BBW) relative to bee bread ethanolic extract (BBE) and bee bread hot water extract (BBH). Further, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, resins, glycosides and xanthoproteins were detected in BBW, BBH and BBE. Also, significant decreases in TPC, TFC, DPPH activity and FRAP were detected in BBW relative to BBH and BBE. We detected phenolic acids such as gallic acid, caffeic acid, trans-ferulic acid, trans 3-hydroxycinnamic acid and 2-hydroxycinnamic acid, and flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin and mangiferin in BBE using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The strongest antimicrobial activity was observed in Klebsilla pneumonia (MIC50 1.914 µg/mL), followed by E. coli (MIC50 1.923 µg/mL), Shigella (MIC50 1.813 µg/mL) and Salmonella typhi (MIC50 1.617 µg/mL). Bee bread samples possess antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Bee bread contains phenolic acids and flavonoids, and could be beneficial in the management and treatment of metabolic diseases.

ACS Style

Joseph Bagi Suleiman; Mahaneem Mohamed; Ainul Bahiyah Abu Bakar; Victor Udo Nna; Zaida Zakaria; Zaidatul Akmal Othman; Abdulqudus Bola Aroyehun. Chemical Profile, Antioxidant Properties and Antimicrobial Activities of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Bee Bread. Molecules 2021, 26, 4943 .

AMA Style

Joseph Bagi Suleiman, Mahaneem Mohamed, Ainul Bahiyah Abu Bakar, Victor Udo Nna, Zaida Zakaria, Zaidatul Akmal Othman, Abdulqudus Bola Aroyehun. Chemical Profile, Antioxidant Properties and Antimicrobial Activities of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Bee Bread. Molecules. 2021; 26 (16):4943.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joseph Bagi Suleiman; Mahaneem Mohamed; Ainul Bahiyah Abu Bakar; Victor Udo Nna; Zaida Zakaria; Zaidatul Akmal Othman; Abdulqudus Bola Aroyehun. 2021. "Chemical Profile, Antioxidant Properties and Antimicrobial Activities of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Bee Bread." Molecules 26, no. 16: 4943.

Journal article
Published: 18 September 2020 in Foods
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Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh is a green seaweed used as food and folk medicine since ancient times in the Indo-Pacific region, particularly in southeast Asia. In this study, the proximate nutrient composition, phytochemical, anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic properties of sea grape C. racemosa collected from culture fishponds in Johor, Malaysia were analysed. The contents (dry weight basis) of carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipids, ash and caloric value obtained were 33.42 ± 1.34%, 20.27 ± 0.14%, 4.20 ± 0.32%, 28.25 ± 0.27% and 2544.67 ± 7.04 cal g−1, respectively. The amino acid score (AAs) and biological protein value (213.43 mg g−1) indicated that C. racemosa presented a better protein quality. The most abundant fatty acids were C16:0 (palmitic acid: 63.27%), followed by C18:1 (oleic acid: 5.80%), and C18:2 ῳ6 (linoleic acid: 5.33%). The analysis of the ash content indicated that essential minerals and trace elements, such as Ca, Fe, and Mn, were present in the seaweed. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) observed in the ethyl acetate extract were 17.88 ± 0.78 mg GAE g−1 and 59.43 ± 2.45 mg QE g−1, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract of C. racemosa demonstrated notable anti-diabetic activity in diabetic induced rats. The low (100 mg kg−1) and high (200 mg kg−1) doses of cultivated C. racemosa extract exhibited a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in blood glucose levels while preventing weight loss, reducing plasma AST, ALT levels as a sign of hepatoprotective effect and recording albumin levels similar to positive control in diabetic induced rats. The results support the usefulness of cultivated C. racemosa as a potential functional food.

ACS Style

Abdul Qudus B Aroyehun; Shariza Abdul Razak; Kishneth Palaniveloo; Thilahgavani Nagappan; Nur Suraiza Nabila Rahmah; Gan Wee Jin; Dinesh Kumar Chellappan; Jestin Chellian; Anil Philip Kunnath. Bioprospecting Cultivated Tropical Green Algae, Caulerpa Racemosa: A Perspective on Nutritional Properties, Antioxidative Capacity and Anti-Diabetic Potential. Foods 2020, 9, 1313 .

AMA Style

Abdul Qudus B Aroyehun, Shariza Abdul Razak, Kishneth Palaniveloo, Thilahgavani Nagappan, Nur Suraiza Nabila Rahmah, Gan Wee Jin, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Jestin Chellian, Anil Philip Kunnath. Bioprospecting Cultivated Tropical Green Algae, Caulerpa Racemosa: A Perspective on Nutritional Properties, Antioxidative Capacity and Anti-Diabetic Potential. Foods. 2020; 9 (9):1313.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Qudus B Aroyehun; Shariza Abdul Razak; Kishneth Palaniveloo; Thilahgavani Nagappan; Nur Suraiza Nabila Rahmah; Gan Wee Jin; Dinesh Kumar Chellappan; Jestin Chellian; Anil Philip Kunnath. 2020. "Bioprospecting Cultivated Tropical Green Algae, Caulerpa Racemosa: A Perspective on Nutritional Properties, Antioxidative Capacity and Anti-Diabetic Potential." Foods 9, no. 9: 1313.

Journal article
Published: 10 September 2019 in Molecules
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This study evaluated the effect of seasonal variation on the physicochemical, biochemical, and nutritional composition of Gracilaria manilaensis. Sampling was designed during the main monsoon seasons in Malaysia—the Southwest monsoon (SWM) and Northeast monsoon (NEM)—to understand the intraspecific variation (p < 0.05). Carbohydrates, protein, and dietary fiber were found to be higher in NEM–G. manilaensis, whereas a higher ash content was quantified in SWM–G. manilaensis. No significant differences were found in crude lipid and moisture content (p > 0.05). Vitamin B2 was calculated as (0.29 ± 0.06 mg 100 g−1) and (0.38 ± 0.06 mg 100 g−1) for the NEM and SWM samples, respectively (p < 0.05). The fatty acid profile showed the dominance of saturated fatty acids (SFAs)—palmitic acids, stearic acid, and myristic acid—while the mineral contents were found to be good sources of calcium (1750.97–4047.74 mg 100 g−1) and iron (1512.55–1346.05 mg 100 g−1). Tryptophan and lysine were recorded as the limiting essential amino acids (EAAs) in NEM G. manilaensis, while leucine and phenylalanine were found to be the limiting EAAs in the SWM samples. None of the extracts exhibited antibacterial properties against the screened strains. The study concluded that seasonal changes have a great effect on the biochemical composition of G. manilaensis.

ACS Style

Abdul Qudus Aroyehun; Kishneth Palaniveloo; Farid Ghazali; Mohammed Rizman-Idid; Shariza Abdul Razak. Effects of Seasonal Variability on the Physicochemical, Biochemical, and Nutritional Composition of Western Peninsular Malaysia Gracilaria manilaensis. Molecules 2019, 24, 3298 .

AMA Style

Abdul Qudus Aroyehun, Kishneth Palaniveloo, Farid Ghazali, Mohammed Rizman-Idid, Shariza Abdul Razak. Effects of Seasonal Variability on the Physicochemical, Biochemical, and Nutritional Composition of Western Peninsular Malaysia Gracilaria manilaensis. Molecules. 2019; 24 (18):3298.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Qudus Aroyehun; Kishneth Palaniveloo; Farid Ghazali; Mohammed Rizman-Idid; Shariza Abdul Razak. 2019. "Effects of Seasonal Variability on the Physicochemical, Biochemical, and Nutritional Composition of Western Peninsular Malaysia Gracilaria manilaensis." Molecules 24, no. 18: 3298.