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Soil temperature is a key driver of several physical, chemical, and biological processes. The Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) is a comprehensive ecosystem model that simulates soil temperature dynamics using a cosine function approach driven by daily air temperature and average annual soil temperature at damping depth, which may erroneously predict lower soil temperatures in winter. A new cosine model and a pseudo-heat-transfer model were therefore developed and implemented for simulating soil temperature. The two methods were evaluated by comparing simulated daily soil temperatures with observed data at 24 study sites. Results showed that the two new methods had similar performance and the better statistical results obtained with these new methods demonstrated the ability to better predict the soil temperature for a wide range of pedoclimatic conditions, land management, and land uses. The main reason for the improved performance was due to a better prediction of soil temperature during the winter period.
Luca Doro; Xiuying Wang; Christof Ammann; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Thomas Grünwald; Katja Klumpp; Benjamin Loubet; Elizabeth Pattey; Georg Wohlfahrt; Jimmy R. Williams; M. Lee Norfleet. Improving the simulation of soil temperature within the EPIC model. Environmental Modelling & Software 2021, 144, 105140 .
AMA StyleLuca Doro, Xiuying Wang, Christof Ammann, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Thomas Grünwald, Katja Klumpp, Benjamin Loubet, Elizabeth Pattey, Georg Wohlfahrt, Jimmy R. Williams, M. Lee Norfleet. Improving the simulation of soil temperature within the EPIC model. Environmental Modelling & Software. 2021; 144 ():105140.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Doro; Xiuying Wang; Christof Ammann; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Thomas Grünwald; Katja Klumpp; Benjamin Loubet; Elizabeth Pattey; Georg Wohlfahrt; Jimmy R. Williams; M. Lee Norfleet. 2021. "Improving the simulation of soil temperature within the EPIC model." Environmental Modelling & Software 144, no. : 105140.
Early detection of within‐field yield variability for high‐value commodity crops, such as cotton, offers growers potential to improve decision‐making, optimize yields and increase profits. Over recent years, publicly available datasets have become increasingly available and at a resolution where within‐field yield prediction is possible. However, the viability of using these data sources with machine learning to predict within‐field cotton lint yield at key growth stages are largely unknown. This study was conducted on two cotton fields, located near Mungindi, New South Wales, Australia. Three years of yield data (2014, 2016, and 2017), soil, elevation, rainfall and Landsat‐derived green normalized difference vegetation index were collected from each field. A total of 12 models were created using: i) two machine learning algorithms: random forest (RF) and gradient boosting machines; ii) three growth stages: squaring, flowering and boll‐fill; and iii) two different amounts of variables: all variables and the optimal variables determined by a recursive feature elimination (RFE). Results showed a strong agreement between predicted and observed yields at flowering and boll‐fill when more information was available. At flowering and boll‐fill, RMSE ranged between 0.15 and 0.20 t ha−1 and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient ranged between 0.50 and 0.66, with RF providing superior results in most cases. Models created using the optimal variables determined by the RFE provided similar results compared to using all variables, allowing greater model accuracy and resolution with targeted sampling. Overall, these findings indicate significant potential of publicly available datasets to predict within‐field cotton yield and guide decision‐making in‐season. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Stephen Leo; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Peter R. Grace. Predicting within‐field cotton yields using publicly available datasets and machine learning. Agronomy Journal 2020, 113, 1150 -1163.
AMA StyleStephen Leo, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Peter R. Grace. Predicting within‐field cotton yields using publicly available datasets and machine learning. Agronomy Journal. 2020; 113 (2):1150-1163.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen Leo; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Peter R. Grace. 2020. "Predicting within‐field cotton yields using publicly available datasets and machine learning." Agronomy Journal 113, no. 2: 1150-1163.
The Australian sugar industry is facing mounting pressure to reduce the nitrogen (N) losses and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions associated with N fertiliser use. Research has shown that N2O emissions from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) cropping systems can be reduced with the use of fertilisers coated with nitrification inhibitors, or by sowing legume crops in the fallows between sugarcane crop cycles. However, the efficacy of these two N management strategies across different climatic zones is still unclear, as results from field studies have been contradictory. The objectives of this study were therefore to use the DayCent model to assess the long-term effects of the two strategies (separately or in combination) on N2O emissions, N losses and yields. The model was parameterised using data from eight field experiments (39 treatments) conducted across four of the five main districts of the Australian sugarcane industry. A series of long-term scenarios embracing a range of N fertiliser rates (0−160 kg N ha−1 applied as urea), climatic regions (Tropics and Subtropics), soil textures (fine- and coarse-textured soils) and N-loss risk scenarios (crop fertilised well before or close to the on-set of the wet season) were tested for both N management strategies. Simulations identified that the combined use of soybean (Glycine max L.) fallows and N fertiliser coated with the 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) nitrification inhibitor was the most effective strategy to maintain or even increase current yields while significantly reducing N2O and cumulative N (mainly due to nitrate) losses. When used alone, the soybean fallow strategy on average reduced N losses over the entire crop cycle by 29 % compared with current industry best practice. However, this strategy showed a limited capacity to reduce N2O emissions over the entire cane crop cycle (median: -3% compared with current industry best practice), or even increased them in scenarios at high-risk of N losses in the Tropics. The use of urea coated with DMPP alone allowed current fertiliser N rates to be reduced by 30 % without any substantial yield penalty. In environments prone to high N losses, DMPP urea abated overall N losses and N2O emissions by 41 % and 30 %, respectively. This was the first study to use such an extensive dataset to parameterise a biogeochemical model for yields, N2O emissions and N losses in sugarcane cropping systems. The findings will be instrumental in guiding future research and policies designed to improve the profitability and environmental sustainability of this industry.
Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; William J. Parton; Michael J. Bell; Weijin Wang; Peter R. Grace. Soybean fallow and nitrification inhibitors: Strategies to reduce N2O emission intensities and N losses in Australian sugarcane cropping systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2020, 306, 107150 .
AMA StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, William J. Parton, Michael J. Bell, Weijin Wang, Peter R. Grace. Soybean fallow and nitrification inhibitors: Strategies to reduce N2O emission intensities and N losses in Australian sugarcane cropping systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2020; 306 ():107150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; William J. Parton; Michael J. Bell; Weijin Wang; Peter R. Grace. 2020. "Soybean fallow and nitrification inhibitors: Strategies to reduce N2O emission intensities and N losses in Australian sugarcane cropping systems." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 306, no. : 107150.
Heatwaves are common in many viticultural regions of Australia. We evaluated the potential of satellite-based remote sensing to detect the effects of high temperatures on grapevines in a South Australian vineyard over the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 seasons. The study involved: (i) comparing the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from medium- and high-resolution satellite images; (ii) determining correlations between environmental conditions and vegetation indices (Vis); and (iii) identifying VIs that best indicate heatwave effects. Pearson’s correlation and Bland–Altman testing showed a significant agreement between the NDVI of high- and medium-resolution imagery (R = 0.74, estimated difference −0.093). The band and the VI most sensitive to changes in environmental conditions were 705 nm and enhanced vegetation index (EVI), both of which correlated with relative humidity (R = 0.65 and R = 0.62, respectively). Conversely, SWIR (short wave infrared, 1610 nm) exhibited a negative correlation with growing degree days (R = −0.64). The analysis of heat stress showed that green and red edge bands—the chlorophyll absorption ratio index (CARI) and transformed chlorophyll absorption ratio index (TCARI)—were negatively correlated with thermal environmental parameters such as air and soil temperature and growing degree days (GDDs). The red and red edge bands—the soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) and CARI2—were correlated with relative humidity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the effectiveness of using medium-resolution imagery for the detection of heat stress on grapevines in irrigated vineyards.
Alessia Cogato; Vinay Pagay; Francesco Marinello; Franco Meggio; Peter Grace; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati. Assessing the Feasibility of Using Sentinel-2 Imagery to Quantify the Impact of Heatwaves on Irrigated Vineyards. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 2869 .
AMA StyleAlessia Cogato, Vinay Pagay, Francesco Marinello, Franco Meggio, Peter Grace, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati. Assessing the Feasibility of Using Sentinel-2 Imagery to Quantify the Impact of Heatwaves on Irrigated Vineyards. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (23):2869.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessia Cogato; Vinay Pagay; Francesco Marinello; Franco Meggio; Peter Grace; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati. 2019. "Assessing the Feasibility of Using Sentinel-2 Imagery to Quantify the Impact of Heatwaves on Irrigated Vineyards." Remote Sensing 11, no. 23: 2869.
Despite the increase of publications focusing on the consequences of extreme weather events (EWE) for the agricultural sector, a specific review of EWE related to agriculture is missing. This work aimed at assessing the interrelation between EWE and agriculture through a systematic quantitative review of current scientific literature. The review analysed 19 major cropping systems (cereals, legumes, viticulture, horticulture and pastures) across five continents. Documents were extracted from the Scopus database and examined with a text mining tool to appraise the trend of publications across the years, the specific EWE-related issues examined and the research gaps addressed. The results highlighted that food security and economic losses due to the EWE represent a major interest of the scientific community. Implementation of remote sensing and imagery techniques for monitoring and detecting the effects of EWE is still underdeveloped. Large research gaps still lie in the areas concerning the effects of EWE on major cash crops (grapevine and tomato) and the agronomic dynamics of EWE in developing countries. Current knowledge on the physiological dynamics regulating the responses of main crops to EWE appears to be well established, while more research is urgently needed in the fields of mitigation measures and governance systems.
Alessia Cogato; Franco Meggio; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Francesco Marinello. Extreme Weather Events in Agriculture: A Systematic Review. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2547 .
AMA StyleAlessia Cogato, Franco Meggio, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Francesco Marinello. Extreme Weather Events in Agriculture: A Systematic Review. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (9):2547.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessia Cogato; Franco Meggio; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Francesco Marinello. 2019. "Extreme Weather Events in Agriculture: A Systematic Review." Sustainability 11, no. 9: 2547.
The study compares the CO2 emission and sequestration patterns of agricultural soils.Field measurements were used to calibrate first and then validate the SALUS model.Simulations indicated that SOC oxidation rates were substantially lower under No-Tillage.This highlights the benefits of NT adoption in terms of fertility and CO2 mitigation. No-tillage (NT) is considered the least invasive conservation agriculture technique and has shown to be the effective in increasing soil C stocks, and reducing losses compared to others tillage systems. In Italy, the Veneto Region was the first to establish a subsidies scheme aimed at promoting the adoption of NT practices. This program encourages farmers to perform direct seeding, alternate autumn and winter crops and maintain soil cover throughout the year by leaving crop residues or sowing cover crops.The goals of this study were to: (i) compare the CO2 emission and soil C sequestration patterns of agricultural soils under CT and NT management practices in the Veneto region and (ii) analyse the potential mid-term benefits (20102025) of NT management in terms of soil organic C dynamics and CO2 balance. Agronomic data and soil organic carbon levels were measured from 2010 to 2014 in eight farms in the Veneto region that had adopted CT and NT techniques. Field measurements were used to calibrate first and then validate the SALUS model to compare the mid-term impact of CT and NT practices using climate projections. SOC carbon pools in the model were initialized using the procedure described in Basso et al. (2011c). This is the first study to employ a model using such an extensive dataset at the farm level to assess the CT and NT strategies within this region.Results of this research will assist farmers and policy makers in the region to define the tillage systems most suited to improve soil C stocks and thereby minimize CO2 emissions from agricultural soils. Overall, simulations indicated that SOC stocks can decrease under both CT and NT regimes, however SOC oxidation rates were substantially lower under NT. Critically, the greatest reduction in CO2 emission was observed when NT was adopted in soil with high levels of SOM. This highlights the benefits of NT adoption in terms of soil fertility preservation and CO2 emissions mitigation.
Andrea Pezzuolo; Benjamin Dumont; Luigi Sartori; Francesco Marinello; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Bruno Basso. Evaluating the impact of soil conservation measures on soil organic carbon at the farm scale. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 2017, 135, 175 -182.
AMA StyleAndrea Pezzuolo, Benjamin Dumont, Luigi Sartori, Francesco Marinello, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Bruno Basso. Evaluating the impact of soil conservation measures on soil organic carbon at the farm scale. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 2017; 135 ():175-182.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrea Pezzuolo; Benjamin Dumont; Luigi Sartori; Francesco Marinello; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Bruno Basso. 2017. "Evaluating the impact of soil conservation measures on soil organic carbon at the farm scale." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 135, no. : 175-182.
Henrike Mielenz; Peter J. Thorburn; Clemens Scheer; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Peter R. Grace; Mike J. Bell. Opportunities for mitigating nitrous oxide emissions in subtropical cereal and fiber cropping systems: A simulation study. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2016, 218, 11 -27.
AMA StyleHenrike Mielenz, Peter J. Thorburn, Clemens Scheer, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Peter R. Grace, Mike J. Bell. Opportunities for mitigating nitrous oxide emissions in subtropical cereal and fiber cropping systems: A simulation study. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2016; 218 ():11-27.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHenrike Mielenz; Peter J. Thorburn; Clemens Scheer; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Peter R. Grace; Mike J. Bell. 2016. "Opportunities for mitigating nitrous oxide emissions in subtropical cereal and fiber cropping systems: A simulation study." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 218, no. : 11-27.
Future climatic changes may have profound impacts on cropping systems and affect the agronomic and environmental sustainability of current N management practices. The objectives of this work were to i) evaluate the ability of the SALUS crop model to reproduce experimental crop yield and soil nitrate dynamics results under different N fertilizer treatments in a farmer’s field, ii) use the SALUS model to estimate the impacts of different N fertilizer treatments on NO3- leaching under future climate scenarios generated by twenty nine different global circulation models, and iii) identify the management system that best minimizes NO3- leaching and maximizes yield under projected future climate conditions. A field experiment (maize-triticale rotation) was conducted in a nitrate vulnerable zone on the west coast of Sardinia, Italy to evaluate N management strategies that include urea fertilization (NMIN), conventional fertilization with dairy slurry and urea (CONV), and no fertilization (N0). An ensemble of 29 global circulation models (GCM) was used to simulate different climate scenarios for two Representative Circulation Pathways (RCP6.0 and RCP8.5) and evaluate potential nitrate leaching and biomass production in this region over the next 50 years. Data collected from two growing seasons showed that the SALUS model adequately simulated both nitrate leaching and crop yield, with a relative error that ranged between 0.4% and 13%. Nitrate losses under RCP8.5 were lower than under RCP6.0 only for NMIN. Accordingly, levels of plant N uptake, N use efficiency and biomass production were higher under RCP8.5 than RCP6.0. Simulations under both RCP scenarios indicated that the NMIN treatment demonstrated both the highest biomass production and NO3- losses. The newly proposed best management practice (BMP), developed from crop N uptake data, was identified as the optimal N fertilizer management practice since it minimized NO3- leaching and maximized biomass production over the long term.
Bruno Basso; Pietro Giola; Benjamin Dumont; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Davide Cammarano; Giovanni Pruneddu; Francesco Giunta. Tradeoffs between Maize Silage Yield and Nitrate Leaching in a Mediterranean Nitrate-Vulnerable Zone under Current and Projected Climate Scenarios. PLOS ONE 2016, 11, e0146360 .
AMA StyleBruno Basso, Pietro Giola, Benjamin Dumont, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Davide Cammarano, Giovanni Pruneddu, Francesco Giunta. Tradeoffs between Maize Silage Yield and Nitrate Leaching in a Mediterranean Nitrate-Vulnerable Zone under Current and Projected Climate Scenarios. PLOS ONE. 2016; 11 (1):e0146360.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBruno Basso; Pietro Giola; Benjamin Dumont; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Davide Cammarano; Giovanni Pruneddu; Francesco Giunta. 2016. "Tradeoffs between Maize Silage Yield and Nitrate Leaching in a Mediterranean Nitrate-Vulnerable Zone under Current and Projected Climate Scenarios." PLOS ONE 11, no. 1: e0146360.
The potential for elevated nitrous oxide (N2O) losses is high in subtropical cereal cropping systems in north-east Australia, where the fertiliser nitrogen (N) input is one single application at or before planting. The use of urea coated with the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) has been reported to substantially decrease N2O emissions and increase crop yields in humid, high-intensity rainfall environments. However, it is still uncertain whether this product is similarly effective in contrasting soil types in the cropping region of north-east Australia. In this study the grain yield response of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to rates of fertiliser N applied as urea or urea coated with DMPP were compared in crops grown on a Vertisol and an Oxisol in southern Queensland. Seasonal N2O emissions were monitored on selected treatments for the duration of the cropping season and the early stages of a subsequent fallow period using a fully automated high-frequency greenhouse gas measuring system. On each soil the tested treatments included an unfertilised control (0kgNha–1) and two fertilised treatments chosen on the basis of delivering at least 90% of seasonal potential grain yield (160 and 120kgNha–1 on the Vertisol and Oxisol respectively) or at a common (suboptimal) rate at each site (80kgNha–1). During this study DMPP had a similar impact at both sites, clearly inhibiting nitrification for up to 8 weeks after fertiliser application. Despite the relatively dry seasonal conditions during most of the monitoring period, DMPP was effective in abating N2O emissions on both soils and on average reduced seasonal N2O emissions by 60% compared with conventional urea at fertiliser N rates equivalent to those producing 90% of site maximum grain yield. The significant abatement of N2O emissions observed with DMPP, however, did not translate into significant yield gains or improvements in agronomic efficiencies of fertiliser N use. These results may be due to the relatively dry growing season conditions before the bulk of crop N acquisition, which limited the exposure of fertiliser N to large losses due to leaching and denitrification.
Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Mike Bell; David Lester; David W. Rowlings; Clemens Scheer; Daniele De Rosa; Peter R. Grace. Comparison of grain yields and N2O emissions on Oxisol and Vertisol soils in response to fertiliser N applied as urea or urea coated with the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate. Soil Research 2016, 54, 552 .
AMA StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Mike Bell, David Lester, David W. Rowlings, Clemens Scheer, Daniele De Rosa, Peter R. Grace. Comparison of grain yields and N2O emissions on Oxisol and Vertisol soils in response to fertiliser N applied as urea or urea coated with the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate. Soil Research. 2016; 54 (5):552.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Mike Bell; David Lester; David W. Rowlings; Clemens Scheer; Daniele De Rosa; Peter R. Grace. 2016. "Comparison of grain yields and N2O emissions on Oxisol and Vertisol soils in response to fertiliser N applied as urea or urea coated with the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate." Soil Research 54, no. 5: 552.
Much of the uncertainty in crop and grassland model predictions of how arable and grassland systems respond to changes in management and environmental drivers can be attributed to differences in the structure of these models. This has created an urgent need for international bench- marking of models, in which uncertainties are estimated by running several models that simulate the same physical and management conditions (ensemble modelling) to generate expanded envelopes of uncertainty in model predictions (Asseng et al. , 2013). Simulations of C and N fluxes, in particular, are inherently uncertain because they are driven by complex interactions (Sándor et al. , 2016) and complicated by considerable spatial and temporal variability in the measurements. In this context, the Integrative Research Group of the Global Research Alliance (GRA) on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases promotes a coordinated activity across multiple international projects (e.g. C and N Models Inter-comparison and Improvement to assess management options for GHG mitigation in agrosystems worldwide (C-N MIP) and Models4Pastures of the FACCE-JPI, https://www.faccejpi.com) to benchmark and compare simulation models that estimate C – N related outputs (including greenhouse gas emissions) from arable crop and grassland systems (http://globalresearchalliance.org/e/model- intercomparison-on-agricultural-ghg-emissions). This study presents some preliminary results on the uncertainty of outputs from 12 grassland models, whereas exploring differences in model response when increasing data resources are used for model calibration
R. Sándor; F. Ehrhardt; B. Basso; G. Bellocchi; A. Bhatia; L. Brilli; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; J. Doltra; C. Dorich; L. Doro; N. Fitton; S. J. Giacomini; P. Grace; B. Grant; M. T. Harrison; S. Jones; M. U. F. Kirschbaum; K. Klumpp; P. Laville; J. Léonard; M. Liebig; M. Lieffering; R. Martin; R. McAuliffe; E. Meier; L. Merbold; A. Moore; V. Myrgiotis; P. Newton; E. Pattey; S. Recous; S. Rolinski; J. Sharp; R. S. Massad; P. Smith; W. Smith; V. Snow; L. Wu; Q. Zhang; J. F. Soussana. C and N models Intercomparison – benchmark and ensemble model estimates for grassland production. Advances in Animal Biosciences 2016, 7, 245 -247.
AMA StyleR. Sándor, F. Ehrhardt, B. Basso, G. Bellocchi, A. Bhatia, L. Brilli, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, J. Doltra, C. Dorich, L. Doro, N. Fitton, S. J. Giacomini, P. Grace, B. Grant, M. T. Harrison, S. Jones, M. U. F. Kirschbaum, K. Klumpp, P. Laville, J. Léonard, M. Liebig, M. Lieffering, R. Martin, R. McAuliffe, E. Meier, L. Merbold, A. Moore, V. Myrgiotis, P. Newton, E. Pattey, S. Recous, S. Rolinski, J. Sharp, R. S. Massad, P. Smith, W. Smith, V. Snow, L. Wu, Q. Zhang, J. F. Soussana. C and N models Intercomparison – benchmark and ensemble model estimates for grassland production. Advances in Animal Biosciences. 2016; 7 (3):245-247.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Sándor; F. Ehrhardt; B. Basso; G. Bellocchi; A. Bhatia; L. Brilli; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; J. Doltra; C. Dorich; L. Doro; N. Fitton; S. J. Giacomini; P. Grace; B. Grant; M. T. Harrison; S. Jones; M. U. F. Kirschbaum; K. Klumpp; P. Laville; J. Léonard; M. Liebig; M. Lieffering; R. Martin; R. McAuliffe; E. Meier; L. Merbold; A. Moore; V. Myrgiotis; P. Newton; E. Pattey; S. Recous; S. Rolinski; J. Sharp; R. S. Massad; P. Smith; W. Smith; V. Snow; L. Wu; Q. Zhang; J. F. Soussana. 2016. "C and N models Intercomparison – benchmark and ensemble model estimates for grassland production." Advances in Animal Biosciences 7, no. 3: 245-247.
Grain sorghum grown in north-eastern Australia’s cropping region increasingly requires nitrogen (N) fertiliser to supplement the soil available N supply. The rates of N required can be high when fallows between crop seasons are short (higher cropping intensities) and when yield potentials are high. Fertiliser N is typically applied before or at crop sowing and is vulnerable to environmental loss in the period between application and significant crop N demand due to potentially intense rainfall events in the summer-dominant rainfall environment. Nitrification inhibitors added to urea can reduce certain gaseous loss pathways but the agronomic efficacy of these products has not been explored. Urea and urea coated with the nitrification inhibitor DMPP (3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate) were compared in sorghum crops grown at five research sites over consecutive summer sorghum growing seasons in south-east Queensland. Products were compared in terms of crop responses in dry matter, N uptake and grain yield, with DMPP found to produce only subtle increases on grain yield. There was no effect on dry matter or N uptake. Outcomes suggest any advantages from use of DMPP in this region are most significant in situations where higher fertiliser application rates (>80kgN/ha) are required.
David Lester; Michael Bell; Kerry L. Bell; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Clemens Scheer; David Rowlings; Peter R. Grace. Agronomic responses of grain sorghum to DMPP-treated urea on contrasting soil types in north-eastern Australia. Soil Research 2016, 54, 565 .
AMA StyleDavid Lester, Michael Bell, Kerry L. Bell, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Clemens Scheer, David Rowlings, Peter R. Grace. Agronomic responses of grain sorghum to DMPP-treated urea on contrasting soil types in north-eastern Australia. Soil Research. 2016; 54 (5):565.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Lester; Michael Bell; Kerry L. Bell; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Clemens Scheer; David Rowlings; Peter R. Grace. 2016. "Agronomic responses of grain sorghum to DMPP-treated urea on contrasting soil types in north-eastern Australia." Soil Research 54, no. 5: 565.
To meet the global food demand in the coming decades, crop yields per unit area must increase. This can only be achieved by a further intensification of existing cropping systems and will require even higher inputs of N fertilisers, which may result in increased losses of nitrous oxide (N2O) from cropped soils. Enhanced efficiency fertilisers (EEFs) have been promoted as a potential strategy to mitigate N2O emissions and improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in cereal cropping systems. However, only limited data are currently available on the use of different EEF products in sub-tropical cereal systems. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of three different EEFs on N2O emissions, NUE and yield in a sub-tropical summer cereal cropping system in Australia. Over an entire year soil N2O fluxes were monitored continuously (3h sampling frequency) with a fully-automated measuring system. The experimental site was fertilised with different nitrogen (N) fertilisers applied at 170kgNha–1, namely conventional urea (Urea), urea with the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP), polymer-coated urea (PCU), and urea with the nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin (Nitrapyrin). Nitrous oxide emissions were highly episodic and mainly controlled by heavy rainfall events within two months of planting and fertiliser N application. Annual N2O emissions in the four treatments amounted to 2.31, 0.40, 0.69 and 1.58kgN2O-Nha–1year–1 for Urea, DMPP, PCU and Nitrapyrin treatments, respectively, while unfertilised plots produced an average of 0.16kgN2O-Nha–1year–1. Two of the tested products (DMPP and PCU) were found to be highly effective, decreasing annual N2O losses by 83% and 70%, respectively, but did not affect yield or NUE. This study shows that EEFs have a high potential to decrease N2O emissions from sub-tropical cereal cropping systems. More research is needed to assess if the increased costs of EEFs can be compensated by lower fertiliser application rates and/or yield increases.
Clemens Scheer; David W. Rowlings; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; David Lester; Michael Bell; Peter R. Grace. Effect of enhanced efficiency fertilisers on nitrous oxide emissions in a sub-tropical cereal cropping system. Soil Research 2016, 54, 544 .
AMA StyleClemens Scheer, David W. Rowlings, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, David Lester, Michael Bell, Peter R. Grace. Effect of enhanced efficiency fertilisers on nitrous oxide emissions in a sub-tropical cereal cropping system. Soil Research. 2016; 54 (5):544.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClemens Scheer; David W. Rowlings; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; David Lester; Michael Bell; Peter R. Grace. 2016. "Effect of enhanced efficiency fertilisers on nitrous oxide emissions in a sub-tropical cereal cropping system." Soil Research 54, no. 5: 544.
The DAYCENT biogeochemical model was used to investigate how the use of fertilizers coated with nitrification inhibitors and the introduction of legumes in the crop rotation can affect subtropical cereal production and {N2O} emissions. The model was validated using comprehensive multi-seasonal, high-frequency dataset from two field investigations conducted on an Oxisol, which is the most common soil type in subtropical regions. Different N fertilizer rates were tested for each N management strategy and simulated under varying weather conditions. DAYCENT was able to reliably predict soil N dynamics, seasonal {N2O} emissions and crop production, although some discrepancies were observed in the treatments with low or no added N inputs and in the simulation of daily {N2O} fluxes. Simulations highlighted that the high clay content and the relatively low C levels of the Oxisol analyzed in this study limit the chances for significant amounts of N to be lost via deep leaching or denitrification. The application of urea coated with a nitrification inhibitor was the most effective strategy to minimize {N2O} emissions. This strategy however did not increase yields since the nitrification inhibitor did not substantially decrease overall N losses compared to conventional urea. Simulations indicated that replacing part of crop N requirements with N mineralized by legume residues is the most effective strategy to reduce {N2O} emissions and support cereal productivity. The results of this study show that legumes have significant potential to enhance the sustainable and profitable intensification of subtropical cereal cropping systems in Oxisols
Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; William J. Parton; Stephen J. Del Grosso; Peter R. Grace; Mike J. Bell; Alice Strazzabosco; David W. Rowlings; Clemens Scheer; Gary Harch. Legumes or nitrification inhibitors to reduce N 2 O emissions from subtropical cereal cropping systems in Oxisols? Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2015, 213, 228 -240.
AMA StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, William J. Parton, Stephen J. Del Grosso, Peter R. Grace, Mike J. Bell, Alice Strazzabosco, David W. Rowlings, Clemens Scheer, Gary Harch. Legumes or nitrification inhibitors to reduce N 2 O emissions from subtropical cereal cropping systems in Oxisols? Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2015; 213 ():228-240.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; William J. Parton; Stephen J. Del Grosso; Peter R. Grace; Mike J. Bell; Alice Strazzabosco; David W. Rowlings; Clemens Scheer; Gary Harch. 2015. "Legumes or nitrification inhibitors to reduce N 2 O emissions from subtropical cereal cropping systems in Oxisols?" Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 213, no. : 228-240.
Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Michael Bell; Peter R. Grace; Clemens Scheer; David Rowlings; Shen Liu. Legume pastures can reduce N 2 O emissions intensity in subtropical cereal cropping systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2015, 204, 27 -39.
AMA StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Michael Bell, Peter R. Grace, Clemens Scheer, David Rowlings, Shen Liu. Legume pastures can reduce N 2 O emissions intensity in subtropical cereal cropping systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2015; 204 ():27-39.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Michael Bell; Peter R. Grace; Clemens Scheer; David Rowlings; Shen Liu. 2015. "Legume pastures can reduce N 2 O emissions intensity in subtropical cereal cropping systems." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 204, no. : 27-39.
A multi-season 15N tracer recovery experiment was conducted on an Oxisol cropped with wheat, maize and sorghum to compare crop N recoveries of different fertilisation strategies and determine the main pathways of N losses that limit N recovery in these agroecosystems. In the wheat and maize seasons, 15N-labelled fertiliser was applied as conventional urea (CONV) and urea coated with a nitrification inhibitor (DMPP). In sorghum, the fate of 15N-labelled urea was monitored in this crop following a legume ley pasture (L70) or a grass ley pasture (G100). The fertiliser N applied to sorghum in the legume-cereal rotation was reduced (70 kg N ha−1) compared to the grass-cereal (100 kg N ha−1) to assess the availability of the N residual from the legume ley pasture. Average crop N recoveries were 73 % (CONV) and 77 % (DMPP) in wheat and 50 % (CONV) and 51 % (DMPP) in maize, while in sorghum were 71 % (L70) and 53 % (G100). Data gathered in this study indicate that the intrinsic physical and chemical conditions of Oxisols can be extremely effective in limiting N losses via deep leaching or denitrification. Elevated crop 15N recoveries can be therefore obtained in subtropical Oxisols using conventional urea while in these agroecosystems DMPP urea has no significant scope to increase fertiliser N recovery in the crop. Overall, introducing a legume phase to limit the fertiliser N requirements of the following cereal crop proved to be the most effective strategy to reduce N losses and increase fertiliser N recovery.
Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Mike J. Bell; Peter R. Grace; David W. Rowlings; Clemens Scheer; Alice Strazzabosco. Assessing agronomic and environmental implications of different N fertilisation strategies in subtropical grain cropping systems on Oxisols. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 2014, 100, 369 -382.
AMA StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Mike J. Bell, Peter R. Grace, David W. Rowlings, Clemens Scheer, Alice Strazzabosco. Assessing agronomic and environmental implications of different N fertilisation strategies in subtropical grain cropping systems on Oxisols. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. 2014; 100 (3):369-382.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Mike J. Bell; Peter R. Grace; David W. Rowlings; Clemens Scheer; Alice Strazzabosco. 2014. "Assessing agronomic and environmental implications of different N fertilisation strategies in subtropical grain cropping systems on Oxisols." Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 100, no. 3: 369-382.
Global cereal production will need to increase by 50% to 70% to feed a world population of about 9 billion by 2050. This intensification is forecast to occur mostly in subtropical regions, where warm and humid conditions can promote high N2O losses from cropped soils. To secure high crop production without exacerbating N2O emissions, new nitrogen (N) fertiliser management strategies are necessary. This one-year study evaluated the efficacy of a nitrification inhibitor (3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate—DMPP) and different N fertiliser rates to reduce N2O emissions in a wheat–maize rotation in subtropical Australia. Annual N2O emissions were monitored using a fully automated greenhouse gas measuring system. Four treatments were fertilized with different rates of urea, including a control (40 kg-N ha−1 year−1), a conventional N fertiliser rate adjusted on estimated residual soil N (120 kg-N ha−1 year−1), a conventional N fertiliser rate (240 kg-N ha−1 year−1) and a conventional N fertiliser rate (240 kg-N ha−1 year−1) with nitrification inhibitor (DMPP) applied at top dressing. The maize season was by far the main contributor to annual N2O emissions due to the high soil moisture and temperature conditions, as well as the elevated N rates applied. Annual N2O emissions in the four treatments amounted to 0.49, 0.84, 2.02 and 0.74 kg N2O–N ha−1 year−1, respectively, and corresponded to emission factors of 0.29%, 0.39%, 0.69% and 0.16% of total N applied. Halving the annual conventional N fertiliser rate in the adjusted N treatment led to N2O emissions comparable to the DMPP treatment but extensively penalised maize yield. The application of DMPP produced a significant reduction in N2O emissions only in the maize season. The use of DMPP with urea at the conventional N rate reduced annual N2O emissions by more than 60% but did not affect crop yields. The results of this study indicate that: (i) future strategies aimed at securing subtropical cereal production without increasing N2O emissions should focus on the fertilisation of the summer crop; (ii) adjusting conventional N fertiliser rates on estimated residual soil N is an effective practice to reduce N2O emissions but can lead to substantial yield losses if the residual soil N is not assessed correctly; (iii) the application of DMPP is a feasible strategy to reduce annual N2O emissions from sub-tropical wheat–maize rotations. However, at the N rates tested in this study DMPP urea did not increase crop yields, making it impossible to recoup extra costs associated with this fertiliser. The findings of this study will support farmers and policy makers to define effective fertilisation strategies to reduce N2O emissions from subtropical cereal cropping systems while maintaining high crop productivity. More research is needed to assess the use of DMPP urea in terms of reducing conventional N fertiliser rates and subsequently enable a decrease of fertilisation costs and a further abatement of fertiliser-induced N2O emissions
Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Clemens Scheer; Peter R. Grace; David Rowlings; Michael Bell; James McGree. Influence of different nitrogen rates and DMPP nitrification inhibitor on annual N2O emissions from a subtropical wheat–maize cropping system. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2014, 186, 33 -43.
AMA StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Clemens Scheer, Peter R. Grace, David Rowlings, Michael Bell, James McGree. Influence of different nitrogen rates and DMPP nitrification inhibitor on annual N2O emissions from a subtropical wheat–maize cropping system. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2014; 186 ():33-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMassimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Clemens Scheer; Peter R. Grace; David Rowlings; Michael Bell; James McGree. 2014. "Influence of different nitrogen rates and DMPP nitrification inhibitor on annual N2O emissions from a subtropical wheat–maize cropping system." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 186, no. : 33-43.
Tar archive file that contains SALUS model, input and output files.
Bruno Basso; Pietro Giola; Benjamin Dumont; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Davide Cammarano; Giovanni Pruneddu; Francesco Giunta. Data archive. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleBruno Basso, Pietro Giola, Benjamin Dumont, Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati, Davide Cammarano, Giovanni Pruneddu, Francesco Giunta. Data archive. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBruno Basso; Pietro Giola; Benjamin Dumont; Massimiliano De Antoni Migliorati; Davide Cammarano; Giovanni Pruneddu; Francesco Giunta. 2021. "Data archive." , no. : 1.