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Dr. Anna Kaksonen
CSIRO

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0 Biogeochemistry
0 Bioremediation
0 Biotechnology
0 Environmental Engineering
0 Microbiology

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Wastewater Treatment
biomining
Microbiology
biofouling
Biotechnology
Environmental Engineering
Waste Management
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Short Biography

Dr Anna Kaksonen leads the Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology Group in the Contaminants and Biotechnology Program in CSIRO Land and Water. She develops biotechnological processes for environmental and industrial applications in the mining, energy, water supply, waste and wastewater treatment industries. Research topics of special interest have included: circular economy, mining biotechnology (e.g. bioleaching, biooxidation, bioprecipitation, bioflotation), bioenergy, bioremediation of contaminated sites, waste/wastewater treatment and resource recovery, and mitigation of microbially caused problems such as biofouling, bioclogging and biocorrosion. She has also applied molecular and culture-based detection and monitoring approaches to microbial communities in natural and engineered environments, and isolated and described of novel microorganisms.

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Review
Published: 19 August 2021 in Metals
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Electronic e-waste (e-waste) is a growing problem worldwide. In 2019, total global production reached 53.6 million tons, and is estimated to increase to 74.7 million tons by 2030. This rapid increase is largely fuelled by higher consumption rates of electrical and electronic goods, shorter life cycles and fewer repair options. E-waste is classed as a hazardous substance, and if not collected and recycled properly, can have adverse environmental impacts. The recoverable material in e-waste represents significant economic value, with the total value of e-waste generated in 2019 estimated to be US $57 billion. Despite the inherent value of this waste, only 17.4% of e-waste was recycled globally in 2019, which highlights the need to establish proper recycling processes at a regional level. This review provides an overview of global e-waste production and current technologies for recycling e-waste and recovery of valuable material such as glass, plastic and metals. The paper also discusses the barriers and enablers influencing e-waste recycling with a specific focus on Oceania.

ACS Style

Jonovan Van Yken; Naomi J. Boxall; Ka Yu Cheng; Aleksandar N. Nikoloski; Navid R. Moheimani; Anna H. Kaksonen. E-Waste Recycling and Resource Recovery: A Review on Technologies, Barriers and Enablers with a Focus on Oceania. Metals 2021, 11, 1313 .

AMA Style

Jonovan Van Yken, Naomi J. Boxall, Ka Yu Cheng, Aleksandar N. Nikoloski, Navid R. Moheimani, Anna H. Kaksonen. E-Waste Recycling and Resource Recovery: A Review on Technologies, Barriers and Enablers with a Focus on Oceania. Metals. 2021; 11 (8):1313.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonovan Van Yken; Naomi J. Boxall; Ka Yu Cheng; Aleksandar N. Nikoloski; Navid R. Moheimani; Anna H. Kaksonen. 2021. "E-Waste Recycling and Resource Recovery: A Review on Technologies, Barriers and Enablers with a Focus on Oceania." Metals 11, no. 8: 1313.

Journal article
Published: 31 July 2021 in Minerals
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Bio-oxidation of refractory sulfidic gold minerals has been applied at the commercial scale as a pre-treatment to improve gold yields and reduce chemical consumption during gold cyanidation. In this study, the effect of initial cell concentration on the oxidation of pyritic gold ore was evaluated with four aerated bioreactors at 30 °C with 10% pulp density and pH maintained at 1.4 with NaOH. Results of NaOH consumption and changes in soluble Fe and S concentrations indicated that increasing the initial cell concentration from 2.3 × 107 to 2.3 × 1010 cells mL−1 enhanced pyrite oxidation during the first week. However, by day 18 the reactor with the lowest initial cell concentration showed profound performance enhancement based on soluble Fe and S concentrations, sulfide-S and pyrite contents in the residues, and subsequent gold leaching of the bio-oxidation residues by cyanidation. Overall, the results showed that the cell concentration was clearly beneficial during the initial stages of oxidation (first 7–8 days).

ACS Style

Ka Cheng; Caroline Acuña; Naomi Boxall; Jian Li; David Collinson; Christina Morris; Chris du Plessis; Natalia Streltsova; Anna Kaksonen. Effect of Initial Cell Concentration on Bio-Oxidation of Pyrite before Gold Cyanidation. Minerals 2021, 11, 834 .

AMA Style

Ka Cheng, Caroline Acuña, Naomi Boxall, Jian Li, David Collinson, Christina Morris, Chris du Plessis, Natalia Streltsova, Anna Kaksonen. Effect of Initial Cell Concentration on Bio-Oxidation of Pyrite before Gold Cyanidation. Minerals. 2021; 11 (8):834.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ka Cheng; Caroline Acuña; Naomi Boxall; Jian Li; David Collinson; Christina Morris; Chris du Plessis; Natalia Streltsova; Anna Kaksonen. 2021. "Effect of Initial Cell Concentration on Bio-Oxidation of Pyrite before Gold Cyanidation." Minerals 11, no. 8: 834.

Journal article
Published: 23 June 2021 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ILS-2 was adapted in digested sludge and used to treat sludge for dewaterability improvement. Results showed that increasing ferrous iron loading increased sludge dewaterability, but the inoculation of the bioleaching strain had little effect on sludge dewaterability compared to controls without the strain. The total extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) contents of sludges with and without bioleaching treatment were similar except for bioleaching treatment at 10% ferrous iron loading (on sludge total solids) where total EPS was higher with bioleaching treatment. However, bioleaching treatment for 48 h had a notable effect on removal of heavy metals, such as Mn, Ni and Zn, especially at the high loadings of ferrous iron. In the presence of A. ferrooxidans, the removal of Ni, Mn and Zn reached 93%, 88% and 80%, respectively, at a ferrous iron loading of 21%. The sequencing of 16S rRNA genes indicated that increasing ferrous iron loadings to 15% and 21% increased the relative abundance of Acidithiobacillus, Acidocella (with A. ferrooxidans) and Carboxylicivirga (without A. ferrooxidans) but decreased the abundance of Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter after 48 h treatment. This study enhanced the understanding of the correlations between bioleaching treatment of digested sludge, sludge dewaterability, heavy metal removal and bacterial communities.

ACS Style

Guiqin Cai; Majid Ebrahimi; Guanyu Zheng; Anna H. Kaksonen; Christina Morris; Ian M. O'Hara; Zhanying Zhang. Effect of ferrous iron loading on dewaterability, heavy metal removal and bacterial community of digested sludge by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Journal of Environmental Management 2021, 295, 113114 .

AMA Style

Guiqin Cai, Majid Ebrahimi, Guanyu Zheng, Anna H. Kaksonen, Christina Morris, Ian M. O'Hara, Zhanying Zhang. Effect of ferrous iron loading on dewaterability, heavy metal removal and bacterial community of digested sludge by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021; 295 ():113114.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guiqin Cai; Majid Ebrahimi; Guanyu Zheng; Anna H. Kaksonen; Christina Morris; Ian M. O'Hara; Zhanying Zhang. 2021. "Effect of ferrous iron loading on dewaterability, heavy metal removal and bacterial community of digested sludge by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans." Journal of Environmental Management 295, no. : 113114.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2021 in International Journal of Mining Science and Technology
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Reports on corrosion failure of cable bolts, used in mining and civil industries, have been increasing in the past two decades. The previous studies found that pitting corrosion on the surface of a cable bolt can initiate premature failure of the bolt. In this study, the role of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. ferrooxidans) bacterium in the occurrence of pitting corrosion in cable bolts was studied. Stressed coupons, made from the wires of cable bolts, were immersed in testing bottles containing groundwater collected from an underground coal mine and a mixture of A. ferrooxidans and geomaterials. It was observed that A. ferrooxidans caused pitting corrosion on the surface of cable bolts in the near-neutral environment. The presence of geomaterials slightly affected the pH of the environment; however, it did not have any significant influence on the corrosion activity of A. ferrooxidans. This study suggests that the common bacterium A. ferrooxidans found in many underground environments can be a threat to cable bolts’ integrity by creating initiation points for other catastrophic failures such as stress corrosion cracking.

ACS Style

H. Chen; O. Kimyon; H. Lamei Ramandi; M. Manefield; A.H. Kaksonen; C. Morris; A. Crosky; S. Saydam. Microbiologically influenced corrosion of cable bolts in underground coal mines: The effect of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021, 31, 357 -363.

AMA Style

H. Chen, O. Kimyon, H. Lamei Ramandi, M. Manefield, A.H. Kaksonen, C. Morris, A. Crosky, S. Saydam. Microbiologically influenced corrosion of cable bolts in underground coal mines: The effect of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology. 2021; 31 (3):357-363.

Chicago/Turabian Style

H. Chen; O. Kimyon; H. Lamei Ramandi; M. Manefield; A.H. Kaksonen; C. Morris; A. Crosky; S. Saydam. 2021. "Microbiologically influenced corrosion of cable bolts in underground coal mines: The effect of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans." International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 31, no. 3: 357-363.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2020 in International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
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The genus Acidihalobacter has three validated species, Acidihalobacter ferrooxydans , Acidihalobacter prosperus and Acidihalobacter aeolinanus, all of which were isolated from Vulcano island, Italy. They are obligately chemolithotrophic, aerobic, acidophilic and halophilic in nature and use either ferrous iron or reduced sulphur as electron donors. Recently, a novel strain was isolated from an acidic, saline drain in the Yilgarn region of Western Australia. Strain F5T has an absolute requirement for sodium chloride (>5 mM) and is osmophilic, growing in elevated concentrations (>1 M) of magnesium sulphate. A defining feature of its physiology is its ability to catalyse the oxidative dissolution of the most abundant copper mineral, chalcopyrite, suggesting a potential role in biomining. Originally categorized as a strain of A. prosperus , 16S rRNA gene phylogeny and multiprotein phylogenies derived from clusters of orthologous proteins (COGS) of ribosomal protein families and universal protein families unambiguously demonstrate that strain F5T forms a well-supported separate branch as a sister clade to A. prosperus and is clearly distinguishable from A. ferrooxydans DSM 14175T and A. aeolinanus DSM14174T. Results of comparisons between strain F5T and the other Acidihalobacter species, using genome-based average nucleotide identity, average amino acid identity, correlation indices of tetra-nucleotide signatures (Tetra) and genome-to-genome distance (digital DNA–DNA hybridization), support the contention that strain F5T represents a novel species of the genus Acidihalobacter . It is proposed that strain F5T should be formally reclassified as Acidihalobacter yilgarnenesis F5T (=DSM 105917T=JCM 32255T).

ACS Style

Himel Nahreen Khaleque; Carolina González; D. Barrie Johnson; Anna H. Kaksonen; David S. Holmes; Elizabeth L. J. Watkin. Genome-based classification of Acidihalobacter prosperus F5 (=DSM 105917=JCM 32255) as Acidihalobacter yilgarnensis sp. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2020, 70, 6226 -6234.

AMA Style

Himel Nahreen Khaleque, Carolina González, D. Barrie Johnson, Anna H. Kaksonen, David S. Holmes, Elizabeth L. J. Watkin. Genome-based classification of Acidihalobacter prosperus F5 (=DSM 105917=JCM 32255) as Acidihalobacter yilgarnensis sp. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2020; 70 (12):6226-6234.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Himel Nahreen Khaleque; Carolina González; D. Barrie Johnson; Anna H. Kaksonen; David S. Holmes; Elizabeth L. J. Watkin. 2020. "Genome-based classification of Acidihalobacter prosperus F5 (=DSM 105917=JCM 32255) as Acidihalobacter yilgarnensis sp. nov." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, no. 12: 6226-6234.

Journal article
Published: 24 November 2020 in Genes
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Microorganisms used for the biohydrometallurgical extraction of metals from minerals must be able to survive high levels of metal and oxidative stress found in bioleaching environments. The Acidihalobacter genus consists of four species of halotolerant, iron–sulfur-oxidizing acidophiles that are unique in their ability to tolerate chloride and acid stress while simultaneously bioleaching minerals. This paper uses bioinformatic tools to predict the genes and mechanisms used by Acidihalobacter members in their defense against a wide range of metals and oxidative stress. Analysis revealed the presence of multiple conserved mechanisms of metal tolerance. Ac. yilgarnensis F5T, the only member of this genus that oxidizes the mineral chalcopyrite, contained a 39.9 Kb gene cluster consisting of 40 genes encoding mobile elements and an array of proteins with direct functions in copper resistance. The analysis also revealed multiple strategies that the Acidihalobacter members can use to tolerate high levels of oxidative stress. Three of the Acidihalobacter genomes were found to contain genes encoding catalases, which are not common to acidophilic microorganisms. Of particular interest was a rubrerythrin genomic cluster containing genes that have a polyphyletic origin of stress-related functions.

ACS Style

Himel Nahreen Khaleque; Homayoun Fathollazadeh; Carolina González; Raihan Shafique; Anna H. Kaksonen; David S. Holmes; Elizabeth L.J. Watkin. Unlocking Survival Mechanisms for Metal and Oxidative Stress in the Extremely Acidophilic, Halotolerant Acidihalobacter Genus. Genes 2020, 11, 1392 .

AMA Style

Himel Nahreen Khaleque, Homayoun Fathollazadeh, Carolina González, Raihan Shafique, Anna H. Kaksonen, David S. Holmes, Elizabeth L.J. Watkin. Unlocking Survival Mechanisms for Metal and Oxidative Stress in the Extremely Acidophilic, Halotolerant Acidihalobacter Genus. Genes. 2020; 11 (12):1392.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Himel Nahreen Khaleque; Homayoun Fathollazadeh; Carolina González; Raihan Shafique; Anna H. Kaksonen; David S. Holmes; Elizabeth L.J. Watkin. 2020. "Unlocking Survival Mechanisms for Metal and Oxidative Stress in the Extremely Acidophilic, Halotolerant Acidihalobacter Genus." Genes 11, no. 12: 1392.

Journal article
Published: 14 November 2020 in Microorganisms
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Gold bioleaching mediated by iodide oxidizing bacteria (IOB) has been proposed as a sustainable alternative to conventional technologies such as cyanidation. This study evaluated the ability of two IOB sourced from a commercial culture collection, Roseovarius (R.) tolerans DSM 11457T and R. mucosus DSM 17069T, to bioleach gold from electronic waste (e-waste) (1030 ppm gold) and sulfidic gold ore concentrate (45 ppm gold) using one-step, two-step and spent medium leaching at 1% pulp density over 10 days. Two-step bioleaching of ore concentrate resulted in the highest gold leaching yields (approximately ~100% and 34% for R. tolerans and R. mucosus, respectively), followed by spent medium leaching and one-step leaching. The yields remained low for e-waste with both strains (maximum 0.93% and 1.6% for R. tolerans and R. mucosus, respectively) and decreased over time, likely due to the instability of the solubilized gold at relatively low redox potentials (<300 mV vs. Ag/AgCl). Another limiting factor may be the partial inhibition of bacterial growth in the presence of the ore concentrate and e-waste. Therefore, future studies should evaluate the pre-treatment of the ore concentrate and e-waste to remove inhibitory and oxidant consuming compounds before bioleaching with IOB to optimize leaching yields.

ACS Style

Kanjana Kudpeng; Tsing Bohu; Christina Morris; Paitip Thiravetyan; Anna H. Kaksonen. Bioleaching of Gold from Sulfidic Gold Ore Concentrate and Electronic Waste by Roseovarius tolerans and Roseovarius mucosus. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1783 .

AMA Style

Kanjana Kudpeng, Tsing Bohu, Christina Morris, Paitip Thiravetyan, Anna H. Kaksonen. Bioleaching of Gold from Sulfidic Gold Ore Concentrate and Electronic Waste by Roseovarius tolerans and Roseovarius mucosus. Microorganisms. 2020; 8 (11):1783.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kanjana Kudpeng; Tsing Bohu; Christina Morris; Paitip Thiravetyan; Anna H. Kaksonen. 2020. "Bioleaching of Gold from Sulfidic Gold Ore Concentrate and Electronic Waste by Roseovarius tolerans and Roseovarius mucosus." Microorganisms 8, no. 11: 1783.

Journal article
Published: 14 November 2020 in Water Research
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Dredging and in situ adsorbent inactivation are two methods which are frequently used in eutrophic water bodies such as ponds, lakes and estuaries to control internal phosphorus (P) loading from sediments. However, their effects and modes on the control of sediment P loading has been seldom compared. In this study, a long-term sediment core incubation experiment in the field was undertaken to investigate changes in sediment P loading (P fluxes, supply ability and forms of P and transformation) comparing two remediation techniques, that of lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) addition or dredging to a control. A 360-day field investigation indicated that LMB addition more effectively reduced pore water P concentrations and sediment P fluxes than dredging in comparison with the control. On average, dredging and in situ LMB inactivation reduced the P flux by 82% and 90%, respectively relative to the control sediment. Whilst both the LMB inactivation and dredging can reduce the mobile P concentration, the impact of LMB in reducing mobile P was demonstrated to be more prolonged than that of dredging after 360 days. The P fraction composition in the LMB inactivated sediment differed significantly from the dredged and control sediment. Contrary to physical removal of dredging, chemical transformation of sediment mobile P and Al-P into Ca-P is the main function mode of LMB for sediment internal P control. Both LMB addition and dredging caused changes in the composition of sediment bacterial communities. Whilst LMB addition increased bacterial diversity, dredging temporarily reduced it. This study indicates that in situ inactivation by LMB is superior to dredging in the long-term control of sediment P loading.

ACS Style

HongBin Yin; Chunhui Yang; Pan Yang; Anna H Kaksonen; Grant B. Douglas. Contrasting effects and mode of dredging and in situ adsorbent amendment for the control of sediment internal phosphorus loading in eutrophic lakes. Water Research 2020, 189, 116644 .

AMA Style

HongBin Yin, Chunhui Yang, Pan Yang, Anna H Kaksonen, Grant B. Douglas. Contrasting effects and mode of dredging and in situ adsorbent amendment for the control of sediment internal phosphorus loading in eutrophic lakes. Water Research. 2020; 189 ():116644.

Chicago/Turabian Style

HongBin Yin; Chunhui Yang; Pan Yang; Anna H Kaksonen; Grant B. Douglas. 2020. "Contrasting effects and mode of dredging and in situ adsorbent amendment for the control of sediment internal phosphorus loading in eutrophic lakes." Water Research 189, no. : 116644.

Journal article
Published: 14 September 2020 in Science of The Total Environment
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Wastewater contaminated with high concentrations of selenium oxyanions requires treatment prior to discharge. Biological fluidized bed reactors (FBRs) can be an option for removing selenium oxyanions from wastewater by converting them into elemental selenium, which can be separated from the treated effluent. In this study, a lab-scale FBR was constructed with granular activated carbon as biofilm carrier and inoculated with a consortium of selenate reducing bacteria enriched from environmental samples. The FBR was loaded with an influent containing ethanol (10 mM) and selenate (10 mM) as the microbial electron donor and acceptor, respectively. The performance of the FBR in reducing selenate was evaluated under various hydraulic retention times (HRTs) (120 h, 72 h, 48 h, 24 h, 12 h, 6 h, 3 h, 1 h and 20 min). After process acclimatization, selenate was completely removed with no notable selenite produced when the HRT was stepwise decreased from 120 h to 6 h. However, decreasing the HRT to 3 h resulted in selenite accumulation (0.17 ± 0.023 mM) in the effluent although selenate removal efficiency remained at 99.8 ± 0.20 %. At 1 h HRT, the FBR removed 90.8 ± 1.4 % of the selenate at a rate of 9.6 ± 0.15 mM h-1, which is the highest selenate reduction rate reported in the literature so far. However, 1 h HRT resulted in notable selenite accumulation (up to 2.4 ± 0.27 mM). Further decreasing the HRT to 20 min resulted in a notable decline in selenate reduction. Selenate reduction recovered from the “shock loading” after the HRT was increased back to 3 h. However, selenite still accumulated until the FBR was operated in batch mode for 6 days. This study affirmed that FBR is a promising treatment option for selenate-rich wastewater, and the process can be efficiently operated at low HRTs.

ACS Style

Su Yan; Ka Yu Cheng; Maneesha P. Ginige; Guanyu Zheng; Lixiang Zhou; Anna H. Kaksonen. High-rate microbial selenate reduction in an up-flow anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (FBR). Science of The Total Environment 2020, 749, 142359 .

AMA Style

Su Yan, Ka Yu Cheng, Maneesha P. Ginige, Guanyu Zheng, Lixiang Zhou, Anna H. Kaksonen. High-rate microbial selenate reduction in an up-flow anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (FBR). Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 749 ():142359.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Su Yan; Ka Yu Cheng; Maneesha P. Ginige; Guanyu Zheng; Lixiang Zhou; Anna H. Kaksonen. 2020. "High-rate microbial selenate reduction in an up-flow anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (FBR)." Science of The Total Environment 749, no. : 142359.

Journal article
Published: 25 August 2020 in Journal of Hazardous Materials
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Electron donors are a major cost-factor in biological removing oxyanions, such as nitrate and selenate from wastewater. In this study, an online ethanol dosing strategy based on feedback control of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) was designed to optimize the performance of a lab-scale fluidized bed reactor (FBR) in treating selenate and nitrate (5 mM each) containing wastewater. The FBR performance was evaluated at various ORP setpoints ranging between −520 mV and −240 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl). Results suggested that both nitrate and selenate were completely removed at ORPs between −520 mV and −360 mV, with methylseleninic acid, selenocyanate, selenosulfate and ammonia being produced at low ORP between −520 mV and −480 mV, likely due to overdosing of ethanol. At ORPs between −300 mV and −240 mV, limited ethanol dosing resulted in an apparent decline in selenate removal whereas nitrate removal remained stable. Resuming the ORP to −520 mV successfully restored complete selenate reduction. An optimal ORP of −400 mV was identified for the FBR, whereby near complete selenate and nitrate were removed with a minimal ethanol consumption. Overall, controlling ORP via feedback-dosing of the electron donor was an effective strategy to optimize FBR performance for reducing selenate and nitrate in wastewater.

ACS Style

Su Yan; Ka Yu Cheng; Maneesha P. Ginige; Guanyu Zheng; Lixiang Zhou; Anna H. Kaksonen. Optimization of nitrate and selenate reduction in an ethanol-fed fluidized bed reactor via redox potential feedback control. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2020, 402, 123770 .

AMA Style

Su Yan, Ka Yu Cheng, Maneesha P. Ginige, Guanyu Zheng, Lixiang Zhou, Anna H. Kaksonen. Optimization of nitrate and selenate reduction in an ethanol-fed fluidized bed reactor via redox potential feedback control. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2020; 402 ():123770.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Su Yan; Ka Yu Cheng; Maneesha P. Ginige; Guanyu Zheng; Lixiang Zhou; Anna H. Kaksonen. 2020. "Optimization of nitrate and selenate reduction in an ethanol-fed fluidized bed reactor via redox potential feedback control." Journal of Hazardous Materials 402, no. : 123770.

Journal article
Published: 11 August 2020 in Environment International
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Microbial extracellular electron uptake (EEU) from solid electron donors has critical implications for microbial energy acquisition in energy-limited environments as well as electrochemical microbial technologies. Although EEU supplies sufficient energy to support cellular growth, additional soluble electron donors are required for most microbes to grow on electrode surfaces. Here, we demonstrated that the minimization of exogenous and endogenous oxidative stress greatly enhanced the growth rate of the sediment EEU-capable sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio ferrophilus IS5 on an electrode without the addition of a soluble electron donor. Single-cell activity analysis by nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry showed that the metabolic activity of IS5 cells on the electrode was significantly enhanced following incubation in an H-type reactor, which was configured to reduce the exposure of cells to the potential oxidative stress source of the Pt counter electrode (CE). Additionally, the highest metabolic activity was observed at an electrode potential of −0.4 V (versus the standard hydrogen electrode), where electron uptake rate was not at peak. Compared to a single-chamber reactor, incubation in an H-type reactor at −0.4 V shortened the cell doubling time by 50-fold, which resulted in sufficient anabolism for cell replication (15N/Ntotal > 50%). The production of strongly oxidizing species at the CE was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analyses. Transcriptome analysis revealed overexpression of antioxidative genes in cells incubated at a potential with higher current production. These results suggested that higher levels of endogenous oxidative species were produced by a more reduced electron-transport chain from trace amounts of oxygen in the reactor, thereby lowering cell activity. In conclusion, EEU may enable sediment microbes to undergo enhanced cell growth and to find niches on minerals under anaerobic energy-limited conditions, where oxidative stress is much less likely to be present.

ACS Style

Xiao Deng; Junki Saito; Anna Kaksonen; Akihiro Okamoto. Enhancement of cell growth by uncoupling extracellular electron uptake and oxidative stress production in sediment sulfate-reducing bacteria. Environment International 2020, 144, 106006 .

AMA Style

Xiao Deng, Junki Saito, Anna Kaksonen, Akihiro Okamoto. Enhancement of cell growth by uncoupling extracellular electron uptake and oxidative stress production in sediment sulfate-reducing bacteria. Environment International. 2020; 144 ():106006.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiao Deng; Junki Saito; Anna Kaksonen; Akihiro Okamoto. 2020. "Enhancement of cell growth by uncoupling extracellular electron uptake and oxidative stress production in sediment sulfate-reducing bacteria." Environment International 144, no. : 106006.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2020 in Hydrometallurgy
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The generation of electronic waste (e-waste) is an issue with global consequences and therefore the proper management and recycling of e-waste are of increasing importance. Printed circuit boards (PCBs), which are a common component of e-waste, have a high valuable metal content which also makes this material an important secondary resource. In this study, biohydrometallurgical extraction of metals from PCBs was investigated as a potential alternative to conventional hydrometallurgical or pyrometallurgical processing options. An indirect non-contact leaching approach using ferric iron generated by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was compared to chemical ferric sulfate leaching of Cu, Ni, Zn and Al from milled high-grade PCBs at 1% pulp density at Fe3+ concentrations of 5–20 g L−1 and at a pH range of 0.6–1.2. The roles of redoxolysis and acidolysis were examined by comparing ferric leaching with sulfuric acid leaching conducted at initial pH values of 0.8–1.4. Results showed that the supplementation of ferric iron significantly (p < 0.05) improved the chemical leaching yields as compared to sulfuric acid leaching for Cu (47.4% to 66.3%), Al (55.3% to 100%), Zn (45.5% to 92.4%) and Ni (61.0% to 97.7%) at pH 0.8. Increase in ferric iron concentration and decrease in pH also significantly (p < 0.05) improved the yield for both biological and chemical leaching. The optimal condition for overall metal bioleaching was at 20 g L−1 ferric iron at an initial pH of 0.6, yielding 87% for Cu and 100% for Al, Zn and Ni. Since no significant variation was found between chemical ferric sulfate and biogenic ferric sulfate leaching at a majority of the tested ferric concentrations, this study suggested that using biogenic lixiviants for extracting metals from PCBs is a viable alternative to chemical leaching.

ACS Style

Jonovan Van Yken; Ka Yu Cheng; Naomi J. Boxall; Aleksandar N. Nikoloski; Navid Moheimani; Marjorie Valix; Veena Sahajwalla; Anna H. Kaksonen. Potential of metals leaching from printed circuit boards with biological and chemical lixiviants. Hydrometallurgy 2020, 196, 105433 .

AMA Style

Jonovan Van Yken, Ka Yu Cheng, Naomi J. Boxall, Aleksandar N. Nikoloski, Navid Moheimani, Marjorie Valix, Veena Sahajwalla, Anna H. Kaksonen. Potential of metals leaching from printed circuit boards with biological and chemical lixiviants. Hydrometallurgy. 2020; 196 ():105433.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonovan Van Yken; Ka Yu Cheng; Naomi J. Boxall; Aleksandar N. Nikoloski; Navid Moheimani; Marjorie Valix; Veena Sahajwalla; Anna H. Kaksonen. 2020. "Potential of metals leaching from printed circuit boards with biological and chemical lixiviants." Hydrometallurgy 196, no. : 105433.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2020 in Scientific Reports
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Corrosion of carbon steel by microorganisms recovered from corroded seal rings at an offshore floating production facility was investigated. Microbial diversity profiling revealed that communities in all sampled seal rings were dominated by Pseudomonas genus. Nine bacterial species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa CCC-IOB1, Pseudomonas balearica CCC-IOB3, Pseudomonas stutzeri CCC-IOB10, Citrobacter youngae CCC-IOB9, Petrotoga mobilis CCC-SPP15, Enterobacter roggenkampii CCC-SPP14, Enterobacter cloacae CCC-APB1, Cronobacter sakazakii CCC-APB3, and Shewanella chilikensis CCC-APB5 were isolated from corrosion products and identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence. Corrosion rates induced by the individual isolates were evaluated in artificial seawater using short term immersion experiments at 40 °C under anaerobic conditions. P. balearica, E. roggenkampii, and S. chilikensis, which have not been associated with microbiologically influenced corrosion before, were further investigated at longer exposure times to better understand their effects on corrosion of carbon steel, using a combination of microbiological and surface analysis techniques. The results demonstrated that all bacterial isolates triggered general and localised corrosion of carbon steel. Differences observed in the surface deterioration pattern by the different bacterial isolates indicated variations in the corrosion reactions and mechanisms promoted by each isolate.

ACS Style

Silvia J. Salgar-Chaparro; Adam Darwin; Anna Kaksonen; Laura L. Machuca. Carbon steel corrosion by bacteria from failed seal rings at an offshore facility. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -15.

AMA Style

Silvia J. Salgar-Chaparro, Adam Darwin, Anna Kaksonen, Laura L. Machuca. Carbon steel corrosion by bacteria from failed seal rings at an offshore facility. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silvia J. Salgar-Chaparro; Adam Darwin; Anna Kaksonen; Laura L. Machuca. 2020. "Carbon steel corrosion by bacteria from failed seal rings at an offshore facility." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-15.

Journal article
Published: 18 June 2020 in Journal of Hazardous Materials
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This study examines a new method to dispose the biomass of a rare earth elements (REE) hyperaccumulator, Dicranopteris pedata, as a REE containing additive of a basal fertilizer for agricultural application. The D. pedata laminas were calcinated to fabricate ashes. The total REE content was 2.65 % for AshDp500, and 4.12 % for AshDp815, respectively. However, as for the heavy metals, Cd or Pb, a higher content could be found in AshDp500 than in AshDp815. The elemental contents of D. pedata ashes are qualified for fertilizer application. Pot experiments were then conducted to investigate the effects of AshDp815 on both the yield and quality of Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal grown in a yellow brown earth, or in a red soil. The application of the ashes increased the I. aquatica height, biomass, vitamin C, soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents, but decreased the I. aquatica nitrate and free amino acids contents. Furthermore, none of the microelements of I. aquatica leaf exceeded the Chinese national standard. The observations indicate the favorable effect of using D. pedata ash on the growth of I. aquatica which is most likely the result from the fertilizer effects of both macroelements and REE present in the ash.

ACS Style

Zhenggui Wei; Bin Gao; Ka Yu Cheng; Anna Kaksonen; Spas D. Kolev; Jonathan W.C. Wong; Jing Cui. Exploring the use of Dicranopteris pedata ash as a rare earth fertilizer to Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2020, 400, 123207 .

AMA Style

Zhenggui Wei, Bin Gao, Ka Yu Cheng, Anna Kaksonen, Spas D. Kolev, Jonathan W.C. Wong, Jing Cui. Exploring the use of Dicranopteris pedata ash as a rare earth fertilizer to Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2020; 400 ():123207.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhenggui Wei; Bin Gao; Ka Yu Cheng; Anna Kaksonen; Spas D. Kolev; Jonathan W.C. Wong; Jing Cui. 2020. "Exploring the use of Dicranopteris pedata ash as a rare earth fertilizer to Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal." Journal of Hazardous Materials 400, no. : 123207.

Journal article
Published: 28 May 2020 in Hydrometallurgy
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Biohydrometallurgy has been commercially applied for the extraction of base metals from low-grade sulfidic ores and the pre-treatment of refractory sulfidic gold-containing minerals. Recent research explores its potential for other types of commodities, such as rare earth elements, and ores found in deep subsurface of the Earth, ocean floor and outer space. The application of biohydrometallurgy for extracting resources from waste streams is also gaining increasing interest to support the move towards a circular economy. The utilisation of complex feedstock is associated with new challenges, which may require the integration of various unit processes that combine biological approaches and/or electrochemistry, with physical or chemical processing. New biolixiviants are also being explored to mitigate harmful environmental impacts. The range of biocatalysts available for biohydrometallurgy can be increased through bioprospecting of novel biomining microbes, increasing the metabolic capability of microbes through adaptive evolution and engineering microbes through synthetic biology. New modelling and artificial intelligence tools are also expanding the opportunities for optimising biotechnical processes. This paper reviews recent trends and prospective directions for biohydrometallurgy.

ACS Style

Anna H. Kaksonen; Xiao Deng; TsingBohu(呼庆QingHu); Luis Zea; Himel Nahreen Khaleque; Yosephine Gumulya; Naomi Boxall; Christina Morris; Ka Yu Cheng. Prospective directions for biohydrometallurgy. Hydrometallurgy 2020, 195, 105376 .

AMA Style

Anna H. Kaksonen, Xiao Deng, TsingBohu(呼庆QingHu), Luis Zea, Himel Nahreen Khaleque, Yosephine Gumulya, Naomi Boxall, Christina Morris, Ka Yu Cheng. Prospective directions for biohydrometallurgy. Hydrometallurgy. 2020; 195 ():105376.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna H. Kaksonen; Xiao Deng; TsingBohu(呼庆QingHu); Luis Zea; Himel Nahreen Khaleque; Yosephine Gumulya; Naomi Boxall; Christina Morris; Ka Yu Cheng. 2020. "Prospective directions for biohydrometallurgy." Hydrometallurgy 195, no. : 105376.

Review
Published: 15 April 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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This review examines the acid and ferric sulfate bioleaching of uranium from low grade ores. The review traces back the progression of the technology from the time the role of microorganisms was recognized in the 1950’s and 1960’s. Some past and present uranium mining operations with active or potential microbial contribution are summarized. Experimental techniques and laboratory bioleaching experiments are described. Choice microorganisms have been iron- and sulfur-oxidizing acidophiles, comprising bacteria and archaea with mesophilic and thermophilic temperature ranges. Uranium is bioleached from ores in acidic ferric sulfate lixiviant. Ferric iron oxidizes tetravalent uranium to the hexavalent form and is thereby reduced to ferrous iron in this redox reaction. Microorganisms in the bioleaching process oxidize ferrous iron to the ferric form and thus regenerate ferric sulfate. Iron oxidation requires oxygen as the electron acceptor in the leach solution. Acidity ensures that ferric iron is soluble in the lixiviant and protons increase the solubilization of the oxidized, hexavalent uranium. Ancillary sulfide minerals such as pyrite enhance the bioleaching because their oxidation releases ferrous iron and reduced sulfur compounds for biological ferric iron and sulfuric acid generation. The main mining engineering approaches used for uranium leaching are heap, dump, stope, in situ, and in-place leaching. The efficiency of uranium bioleaching is affected by a number of mineralogical, physicochemical, microbial and process factors. Bioinformatics and synthetic biology are progressing the research on bioleaching microorganisms but these developments have not been materialized in the industrial practice of uranium mining. New applications of uranium bioleaching may focus increasingly on deposits where other products such as rare earth elements or base metals can be recovered in addition to uranium.

ACS Style

Anna H. Kaksonen; Aino-Maija Lakaniemi; Olli H. Tuovinen. Acid and ferric sulfate bioleaching of uranium ores: A review #. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 264, 121586 .

AMA Style

Anna H. Kaksonen, Aino-Maija Lakaniemi, Olli H. Tuovinen. Acid and ferric sulfate bioleaching of uranium ores: A review #. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 264 ():121586.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna H. Kaksonen; Aino-Maija Lakaniemi; Olli H. Tuovinen. 2020. "Acid and ferric sulfate bioleaching of uranium ores: A review #." Journal of Cleaner Production 264, no. : 121586.

Journal article
Published: 19 March 2020 in Chemosphere
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Hydrotalcite precipitation is a promising technology for the on-site treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD). This technology is underpinned by the synthesis of hydrotalcite that can effectively remove various contaminants. However, hydrotalcite precipitation has only limited capacity to facilitate sulfate removal from AMD. Therefore, the feasibility of coupling biological sulfate reduction with the hydrotalcite precipitation to maximize sulfate removal was evaluated in this study. AMD emanating from a gold mine (pH 4.3, sulfate 2000 mg L−1, with various metals including Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn) was first treated using the hydrotalcite precipitation. Subsequently, biological treatment of the post-hydrotalcite precipitation effluent was conducted in an ethanol-fed fluidized bed reactor (FBR) at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 0.8–1.6 day. The hydrotalcite precipitation readily neutralized the acidity of AMD and removed 10% of sulfate and over 99% of Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn. The overall sulfate removal increased to 73% with subsequent FBR treatment. Based on 454 pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes, the identified genera of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) included Desulfovibrio, Desulfomicrobium and Desulfococcus. This study showed that sulfate-rich AMD can be effectively treated by integrating hydrotalcite precipitation and a biological sulfate reducing FBR.

ACS Style

Su Yan; Ka Yu Cheng; Christina Morris; Grant Douglas; Maneesha P. Ginige; Guanyu Zheng; Lixiang Zhou; Anna H. Kaksonen. Sequential hydrotalcite precipitation and biological sulfate reduction for acid mine drainage treatment. Chemosphere 2020, 252, 126570 .

AMA Style

Su Yan, Ka Yu Cheng, Christina Morris, Grant Douglas, Maneesha P. Ginige, Guanyu Zheng, Lixiang Zhou, Anna H. Kaksonen. Sequential hydrotalcite precipitation and biological sulfate reduction for acid mine drainage treatment. Chemosphere. 2020; 252 ():126570.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Su Yan; Ka Yu Cheng; Christina Morris; Grant Douglas; Maneesha P. Ginige; Guanyu Zheng; Lixiang Zhou; Anna H. Kaksonen. 2020. "Sequential hydrotalcite precipitation and biological sulfate reduction for acid mine drainage treatment." Chemosphere 252, no. : 126570.

Research article
Published: 25 December 2019 in Angewandte Chemie International Edition
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Microbes synthesize cell‐associated nanoparticles (NPs) and utilize their physicochemical properties to produce energy under unfavorable metabolic conditions. Iron sulfide (FeS) NPs are ubiquitous and are predominantly biosynthesized by sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB). However, the biological role of FeS NPs in SRB remains understudied. Here, we demonstrated that conductive FeS NPs function as an electron conduit enabling Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, an SRB strain, to utilize solid‐state electron donors via direct electron uptake. After forming FeS NPs on the cell surface, D. vulgaris initiated current generation coupled with sulfate reduction on electrodes poised at −0.4 V versus standard hydrogen electrode. Single‐cell activity analysis showed that the electron uptake and metabolic rate via FeS NPs in D. vulgaris were ~7‐fold higher than those via native cell‐surface proteins in other SRB. Our finding that FeS NPs enable cells to use solid electron donors under energy‐ limited conditions have implications on biogeochemical elemental cycling and microbial corrosion processes.

ACS Style

Xiao Deng; Naoshi Dohmae; Anna Kaksonen; Akihiro Okamoto. Biogenic Iron Sulfide Nanoparticles to Enable Extracellular Electron Uptake in Sulfate‐Reducing Bacteria. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2019, 59, 5995 -5999.

AMA Style

Xiao Deng, Naoshi Dohmae, Anna Kaksonen, Akihiro Okamoto. Biogenic Iron Sulfide Nanoparticles to Enable Extracellular Electron Uptake in Sulfate‐Reducing Bacteria. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2019; 59 (15):5995-5999.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiao Deng; Naoshi Dohmae; Anna Kaksonen; Akihiro Okamoto. 2019. "Biogenic Iron Sulfide Nanoparticles to Enable Extracellular Electron Uptake in Sulfate‐Reducing Bacteria." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 59, no. 15: 5995-5999.

Journal article
Published: 18 November 2019 in Water Research
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During the First Gulf War (1991) a large number of oil wells were destroyed and oil fires subsequently extinguished with seawater. As a result Kuwait’s sparse fresh groundwater resources were severely contaminated with crude oil. Since then limited research has focused on the microbial community ecology of the groundwater and their impact on the associated contamination. Here, the microbial community ecology (bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic) and how it relates to the characteristics of the hydrocarbon contaminants were examined for the first time since the 1991 event. This study was conducted using 15 wells along the main groundwater flow direction and detected several potential hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms such as Hyphomicrobiaceae, Porphyromonadaceae and Eurotiomycetes. The beta diversity of the microbial communities correlated significantly with total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations and salinity. The TPH consisted mainly of polar compounds present as an unresolved complex mixture (UCM) of a highly recalcitrant nature. Based on the proportions of TPH to dissolved organic carbon (DOC), the results indicate that some minor biodegradation has occurred within highly contaminated aquifer zones. However, overall the results from this study suggest that the observed variations in TPH concentrations among the sampled wells are mainly induced by mixing/dilution with pristine groundwater rather than by biodegradation of the contaminants. The findings make an important contribution to better understand the fate of the groundwater pollution in Kuwait, with important implications for the design of future remediation efforts.

ACS Style

Melanie C. Bruckberger; Matthew J. Morgan; Trevor Bastow; Tom Walsh; Henning Prommer; Amitabha Mukhopadhyay; Anna H. Kaksonen; Greg B. Davis; Geoffrey J. Puzon. Investigation into the microbial communities and associated crude oil-contamination along a Gulf War impacted groundwater system in Kuwait. Water Research 2019, 170, 115314 .

AMA Style

Melanie C. Bruckberger, Matthew J. Morgan, Trevor Bastow, Tom Walsh, Henning Prommer, Amitabha Mukhopadhyay, Anna H. Kaksonen, Greg B. Davis, Geoffrey J. Puzon. Investigation into the microbial communities and associated crude oil-contamination along a Gulf War impacted groundwater system in Kuwait. Water Research. 2019; 170 ():115314.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Melanie C. Bruckberger; Matthew J. Morgan; Trevor Bastow; Tom Walsh; Henning Prommer; Amitabha Mukhopadhyay; Anna H. Kaksonen; Greg B. Davis; Geoffrey J. Puzon. 2019. "Investigation into the microbial communities and associated crude oil-contamination along a Gulf War impacted groundwater system in Kuwait." Water Research 170, no. : 115314.

Journal article
Published: 17 September 2019 in Minerals
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Lithium ion battery (LIB) waste is increasing globally and contains an abundance of valuable metals that can be recovered for re-use. This study aimed to evaluate the recovery of metals from LIB waste leachate using hydrogen sulfide generated by a consortium of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in a lactate-fed fluidised bed reactor (FBR). The microbial community analysis showed Desulfovibrio as the most abundant genus in a dynamic and diverse bioreactor consortium. During periods of biogenic hydrogen sulfide production, the average dissolved sulfide concentration was 507 mg L−1 and the average volumetric sulfate reduction rate was 278 mg L−1 d−1. Over 99% precipitation efficiency was achieved for Al, Ni, Co, and Cu using biogenic sulfide and NaOH, accounting for 96% of the metal value contained in the LIB waste leachate. The purity indices of the precipitates were highest for Co, being above 0.7 for the precipitate at pH 10. However, the process was not selective for individual metals due to simultaneous precipitation and the complexity of the metal content of the LIB waste. Overall, the process facilitated the production of high value mixed metal precipitates, which could be purified further or used as feedstock for other processes, such as the production of steel.

ACS Style

Giles Calvert; Anna H. Kaksonen; Ka Yu Cheng; Jonovan Van Yken; Barbara Chang; Naomi J. Boxall. Recovery of Metals from Waste Lithium Ion Battery Leachates Using Biogenic Hydrogen Sulfide. Minerals 2019, 9, 563 .

AMA Style

Giles Calvert, Anna H. Kaksonen, Ka Yu Cheng, Jonovan Van Yken, Barbara Chang, Naomi J. Boxall. Recovery of Metals from Waste Lithium Ion Battery Leachates Using Biogenic Hydrogen Sulfide. Minerals. 2019; 9 (9):563.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giles Calvert; Anna H. Kaksonen; Ka Yu Cheng; Jonovan Van Yken; Barbara Chang; Naomi J. Boxall. 2019. "Recovery of Metals from Waste Lithium Ion Battery Leachates Using Biogenic Hydrogen Sulfide." Minerals 9, no. 9: 563.