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Tung-Ju Wu
School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin, China

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Article
Published: 13 May 2021 in Current Psychology
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The purpose of this study is to elucidate the relationships between leader–member exchange (LMX), perceived organizational support (POS), presenteeism, and turnover intention as well as to test the mediating effect of presenteeism and the moderated mediating effect of POS. A total of 566 questionnaires were returned in technology industry to examine the quality of the dyadic relationships between the workers perceived LMX, supervisor-subordinate guanxi and presenteeism in the first questionnaire survey. And we examined second questionnaire survey that their turnover intentions by self-assessed after a month in the first time retuned. After excluding matching and invalid questionnaires, 365 valid questionnaires were collected. In this study, LMX indirectly affected turnover intention through presenteeism. Studies have asserted that high-quality LMX and strong POS effectively reduced workers’ turnover intentions. In addition, when POS increased, the negative relationship between LMX and turnover intention and the positive relationship between presenteeism and turnover intention increased and decreased, respectively. However, POS failed to moderate the positive relationship between LMX and presenteeism. Further, presenteeism was determined to mediate the relationship between LMX and turnover intentions. Notably, LMX only indirectly affected turnover intention through presenteeism in workers with low POS. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for formulating human resource management policies. In summary, this study provides evidence of the important role played by turnover intentions in determining an LMX, supervisor-subordinate guanxi and presenteeism. High-quality exchange relationships entail leader–member relationships and organization proxy (e.g., supervisor)–worker relationships. When workers’ perceptions of organizational support are weak, and the organization lacks a robust support policy, workers’ presenteeism to reciprocate to their supervisors or organization cannot be regulated, increasing presenteeism behavior in the organization and workers’ turnover intentions.

ACS Style

Tung-Ju Wu; Kuo-Shu Yuan; David C. Yen. Leader-member exchange, turnover intention and presenteeism– the moderated mediating effect of perceived organizational support. Current Psychology 2021, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Tung-Ju Wu, Kuo-Shu Yuan, David C. Yen. Leader-member exchange, turnover intention and presenteeism– the moderated mediating effect of perceived organizational support. Current Psychology. 2021; ():1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tung-Ju Wu; Kuo-Shu Yuan; David C. Yen. 2021. "Leader-member exchange, turnover intention and presenteeism– the moderated mediating effect of perceived organizational support." Current Psychology , no. : 1-12.

Sustainable supply chain network design
Published: 05 March 2021 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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This study develops a relational model of how environmental stressors, place attachment and outdoor leisure are related to urban green zones and, accordingly, Fujian Province in China is studied as our case problem. The research is participated by primarily middle-aged and elderly residents. In total, 871 valid questionnaires are retrieved. Structural equation modelling and path analysis are used to verify the model’s fitness. The results indicate that environmental stressors and outdoor leisure are significantly negatively correlated. In addition, the outdoor leisure and place attachment are significantly positively correlated. As such, the place attachment and well-being are significantly positively correlated. However, the place attachment and outdoor leisure mediated the relationship between environmental stressors and well-being. The mediating path indicated that middle-aged and elderly residents face severe environmental stressors and will engage in a few outdoor leisure activities, resulting in low well-being. Furthermore, when middle-aged and elderly residents face severe environmental stressors, they have increased place attachment, thereby increasing their well-being. The findings can serve as a reference for environmental management agencies and future researchers.

ACS Style

Kuo-Shu Yuan; Tung-Ju Wu. Environmental stressors and well-being on middle-aged and elderly people: the mediating role of outdoor leisure behaviour and place attachment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Kuo-Shu Yuan, Tung-Ju Wu. Environmental stressors and well-being on middle-aged and elderly people: the mediating role of outdoor leisure behaviour and place attachment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kuo-Shu Yuan; Tung-Ju Wu. 2021. "Environmental stressors and well-being on middle-aged and elderly people: the mediating role of outdoor leisure behaviour and place attachment." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 29 December 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Most studies consider entrepreneurship in Chinese a happier career choice, while the adverse effects of entrepreneurship on wellbeing have been overlooked. In this research, the effect of career choice on job-related wellbeing is explored using multiple indicators. Differences in the career choices of employees and entrepreneurs are examined in the first section of the study, and the motives for entrepreneurship are studied in the second section. Job-related wellbeing is regarded as consisting of job satisfaction, subjective wellbeing, and physical wellbeing. The data were obtained using the Chinese Labor-Force Dynamic Survey, and the sample consisted of 6108 employees and 2075 entrepreneurs from 29 provinces and cities in China. T-test, chi square test, and ordinal logistic regression were conducted. The analysis in the first section reveals significant differences in job-related wellbeing between employees and entrepreneurs along with differences in autonomy and perceived equity. Entrepreneurs are found to be less satisfied and unhappier than employees. The heterogeneity of the motives for entrepreneurship is highlighted in the second part, and its significant role in the wellbeing of entrepreneurs is explored. Subsistence entrepreneurs have been found to constitute up to 64% of all entrepreneurs. Subsistence entrepreneurship is negatively associated with job satisfaction and subjective wellbeing.

ACS Style

Chang-Lan Xia; Tung-Ju Wu; An-Pin Wei; Pei-Guan Wu. Are Chinese Entrepreneurs Happier than Employees? Evidence Based on a National Workforce Survey in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 18, 179 .

AMA Style

Chang-Lan Xia, Tung-Ju Wu, An-Pin Wei, Pei-Guan Wu. Are Chinese Entrepreneurs Happier than Employees? Evidence Based on a National Workforce Survey in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 18 (1):179.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chang-Lan Xia; Tung-Ju Wu; An-Pin Wei; Pei-Guan Wu. 2020. "Are Chinese Entrepreneurs Happier than Employees? Evidence Based on a National Workforce Survey in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 1: 179.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2020 in Sustainability
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Corporate social responsibility refers to the voluntary promises made by an enterprise to achieve sustainable development. When enterprises conduct prosocial activities, they must consider the feelings of their employees including employees’ sense of identification and well-being. However, most existing corporate social responsibility studies have focused on the financial performance of enterprises; the effects of corporate social responsibility on employees have seldom been examined. Accordingly, this study conducted an empirical study examining the effects of employee perception of enterprise corporate social responsibility, employee well-being, and organizational identification on employee innovative behavior. A total of 431 valid questionnaires were retrieved. A structural equation modeling analysis revealed that a positive relationship exists between employee perception of enterprise execution of corporate social responsibility and employee innovative behavior. Furthermore, both employee well-being and organizational identification play mediating roles between the two variables. When conducting social responsibility activities, enterprises are suggested to inform their employees or even encourage their participation in their efforts to fulfill their social responsibility. Through interaction between internal and external stakeholders, substantial innovative behavior, beneficial for the subsequent development of enterprises, can be stimulated.

ACS Style

Yi-Bin Li; Gui-Qing Zhang; Tung-Ju Wu; Chi-Lu Peng. Employee’s Corporate Social Responsibility Perception and Sustained Innovative Behavior: Based on the Psychological Identity of Employees. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8604 .

AMA Style

Yi-Bin Li, Gui-Qing Zhang, Tung-Ju Wu, Chi-Lu Peng. Employee’s Corporate Social Responsibility Perception and Sustained Innovative Behavior: Based on the Psychological Identity of Employees. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8604.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yi-Bin Li; Gui-Qing Zhang; Tung-Ju Wu; Chi-Lu Peng. 2020. "Employee’s Corporate Social Responsibility Perception and Sustained Innovative Behavior: Based on the Psychological Identity of Employees." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8604.

Journal article
Published: 21 September 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Due to their high expectations, teachers often hide their real emotions and play a role that conforms to public expectations of educational work. Special education teachers face a group of students with physical and mental disabilities who have high heterogeneity and require individualized services every day. Using social support theory, this study discusses special education teachers’ emotional labor and well-being. A total of 439 special education teachers in China participated in this study. We collected data at two different time-points and verified the research hypotheses with hierarchical regression and structural equation modeling analysis. The research findings show the mediating role of emotional labor in social support and well-being. It is, therefore, suggested that schools should pay more attention to special education teachers’ mental health and provide them with regular guidance and support.

ACS Style

Tung-Ju Wu; Lian-Yi Wang; Jia-Ying Gao; An-Pin Wei. Social Support and Well-Being of Chinese Special Education Teachers—An Emotional Labor Perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 6884 .

AMA Style

Tung-Ju Wu, Lian-Yi Wang, Jia-Ying Gao, An-Pin Wei. Social Support and Well-Being of Chinese Special Education Teachers—An Emotional Labor Perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (18):6884.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tung-Ju Wu; Lian-Yi Wang; Jia-Ying Gao; An-Pin Wei. 2020. "Social Support and Well-Being of Chinese Special Education Teachers—An Emotional Labor Perspective." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18: 6884.

Journal article
Published: 10 September 2020 in Sustainability
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With the rapid development of online shopping and traditional physical store shopping interweaving to form different shopping situations, customer experience has gradually become the main source of retailers’ sustainable competitive advantage through differentiation. Retailers need to continuously improve customer experience in different shopping situations to maintain long-term sustainable customer satisfaction and achieve sustainability. The study aims to examine what kind of shopping situations will influence customer experience and customer satisfaction. A total of 288 questionnaires were collected from two different shopping situations (146 questionnaires from physical stores were collected in five cities in China and 142 online questionnaires were collected from 21 provinces in China), and multiple regression analysis was adopted to test the hypotheses. As a result, we found that customer experience with staff service, shopping environment, and shopping procedure has a positive influence on customer satisfaction. Different shopping situations significantly moderate the relationships among customer experience with the shopping environment, product experience, and customer satisfaction but rarely influence customer experience with staff service and service procedures. Finally, gender significantly moderates the relationship between customer experience and customer satisfaction in different shopping situations. This study theoretically reveals the relationship between customer experience and satisfaction in different shopping situations and provides practical suggestions for retailers to form differentiated sustainable competitive advantage through customer experience management.

ACS Style

Xue-Liang Pei; Jia-Ning Guo; Tung-Ju Wu; Wen-Xin Zhou; Shang-Pao Yeh. Does the Effect of Customer Experience on Customer Satisfaction Create a Sustainable Competitive Advantage? A Comparative Study of Different Shopping Situations. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7436 .

AMA Style

Xue-Liang Pei, Jia-Ning Guo, Tung-Ju Wu, Wen-Xin Zhou, Shang-Pao Yeh. Does the Effect of Customer Experience on Customer Satisfaction Create a Sustainable Competitive Advantage? A Comparative Study of Different Shopping Situations. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7436.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xue-Liang Pei; Jia-Ning Guo; Tung-Ju Wu; Wen-Xin Zhou; Shang-Pao Yeh. 2020. "Does the Effect of Customer Experience on Customer Satisfaction Create a Sustainable Competitive Advantage? A Comparative Study of Different Shopping Situations." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7436.

Journal article
Published: 25 May 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Polychronicity refers to the preference of some individuals to structure their time in order to deal with multiple tasks simultaneously in a short period of time. Past research regarding the correlation between individual polychronicity and performance presented distinct arguments. Although most studies supported a positive correlation with performance, empirical findings showed inconsistent results, indicating the presence of other influencing factors. According to the person–environment fit theory and self-determination theory, the effect of polychronicity on job performance was verified and the mediation effect of well-being was tested in this study. Dual-mode questionnaires were collected from 532 subordinators and their direct supervisors in 98 chain restaurants and hierarchical regression analysis was performed to test the research hypotheses. The results showed that polychronicity positively affected well-being, that is, well-being was a full mediator between polychronicity and job performance. This study provides valuable insight for managers to understand employee polychronicity and, in turn, improve their well-being, which could help improve job performance.

ACS Style

Tung-Ju Wu; Jia-Ying Gao; Lian-Yi Wang; Kuo-Shu Yuan. Exploring Links between Polychronicity and Job Performance from the Person–Environment Fit Perspective—The Mediating Role of Well-Being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3711 .

AMA Style

Tung-Ju Wu, Jia-Ying Gao, Lian-Yi Wang, Kuo-Shu Yuan. Exploring Links between Polychronicity and Job Performance from the Person–Environment Fit Perspective—The Mediating Role of Well-Being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (10):3711.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tung-Ju Wu; Jia-Ying Gao; Lian-Yi Wang; Kuo-Shu Yuan. 2020. "Exploring Links between Polychronicity and Job Performance from the Person–Environment Fit Perspective—The Mediating Role of Well-Being." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10: 3711.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2020 in Sustainability
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Entrepreneurial and innovative activities are becoming a global economic and social phenomenon, especially in emerging economies. This study focuses on a typical emerging economy, China, and its entrepreneurial and innovative activities. On the basis of current research, the literature review and the chain of “cognition–behavior–outcome” are used for constructing the theoretical model for the relationship among entrepreneurial team cognition characteristics, behavior characteristics, and venture performance. A total of 101 valid copies of questionnaire are collected from entrepreneurial team members, as the research objects, and the structural equation modeling (SEM) method is applied to test the theoretical hypotheses. The research results reveal (1) significant effects of entrepreneurial team cognition characteristics and behavior characteristics on venture performance and (2) partial mediating effects of entrepreneurial team behavior characteristics on the relationship between cognition characteristics and venture performance. The research results are the expansion of research on entrepreneurial teams as well as the important reference for entrepreneurial team management and behavioral practice.

ACS Style

Xue-Liang Pei; Tung-Ju Wu; Jia-Ning Guo; Jia-Qi Hu. Relationship between Entrepreneurial Team Characteristics and Venture Performance in China: From the Aspects of Cognition and Behaviors. Sustainability 2020, 12, 377 .

AMA Style

Xue-Liang Pei, Tung-Ju Wu, Jia-Ning Guo, Jia-Qi Hu. Relationship between Entrepreneurial Team Characteristics and Venture Performance in China: From the Aspects of Cognition and Behaviors. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (1):377.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xue-Liang Pei; Tung-Ju Wu; Jia-Ning Guo; Jia-Qi Hu. 2020. "Relationship between Entrepreneurial Team Characteristics and Venture Performance in China: From the Aspects of Cognition and Behaviors." Sustainability 12, no. 1: 377.

Journal article
Published: 20 November 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The starting point of organizational innovation is employees’ creative thinking and innovation behaviors at work. In addition to personality and innovation willingness, innovation behavior depends on the level of support available in an organizational environment. The data used in this study were collected from 74 R&D teams (418 employee participants) in technology companies in Taiwan, and a multi-level analysis was conducted to investigate the relationships among job stressors, creative self-efficacy, and employees’ sustained innovation behavior, as well as the role of the organizational innovation climate between creative self-efficacy and employees’ innovation behavior. The research findings revealed significant positive relationships between challenge stressors and employees’ sustained innovation behavior, as well as significant negative relationships between hindrance stressors and employees’ sustained innovation behavior, mediation effects of creative self-efficacy on job stressors and employees’ sustained innovation behavior, and moderation effects of the organizational innovation climate on employees’ creative self-efficacy and sustained innovation behavior. An enterprise could place some working-related stress on employees and create a rich internal innovative climate to induce innovation behavior in its members.

ACS Style

Pei-Xu He; Tung-Ju Wu; Hong-Dan Zhao; Yang Yang; He; Wu; Zhao; Yang. How to Motivate Employees for Sustained Innovation Behavior in Job Stressors? A Cross-Level Analysis of Organizational Innovation Climate. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 4608 .

AMA Style

Pei-Xu He, Tung-Ju Wu, Hong-Dan Zhao, Yang Yang, He, Wu, Zhao, Yang. How to Motivate Employees for Sustained Innovation Behavior in Job Stressors? A Cross-Level Analysis of Organizational Innovation Climate. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (23):4608.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pei-Xu He; Tung-Ju Wu; Hong-Dan Zhao; Yang Yang; He; Wu; Zhao; Yang. 2019. "How to Motivate Employees for Sustained Innovation Behavior in Job Stressors? A Cross-Level Analysis of Organizational Innovation Climate." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23: 4608.

Journal article
Published: 12 November 2019 in Sustainability
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A range of different approaches has been used to involve employees in green workplace initiatives. One example of such an approach is to spread awareness by displaying “green” information concerning work-related environmental protection and sustainability information on organizational bulletin boards. The study aims to examine how green display rules and felt accountability influence the relationship between new-generation employees’ work values and green behavior. There were 567 Chinese millennial employees who participated in this study. The results showed that intrinsic preference, interpersonal harmony, innovative orientation, and long-term development had a positive influence on employees’ green behavior through the effect of felt accountability. Besides, the more green information displayed, the stronger the effect of intrinsic preference, interpersonal harmony, and long-term development on employees’ green behavior. This study provides valuable insights for managers to understand the work values of the new-generation employees and, in turn, improve their green awareness, which can help execute corporate social responsibility.

ACS Style

Ping-Ju Wu; Tung-Ju Wu; Kuo-Shu Yuan. “Green” Information Promotes Employees’ Voluntary Green Behavior via Work Values and Perceived Accountability. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6335 .

AMA Style

Ping-Ju Wu, Tung-Ju Wu, Kuo-Shu Yuan. “Green” Information Promotes Employees’ Voluntary Green Behavior via Work Values and Perceived Accountability. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (22):6335.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ping-Ju Wu; Tung-Ju Wu; Kuo-Shu Yuan. 2019. "“Green” Information Promotes Employees’ Voluntary Green Behavior via Work Values and Perceived Accountability." Sustainability 11, no. 22: 6335.