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Equine pulmonary aspergillosis is a rare deep mycosis often due to the hematogenous spread of hyphae after gastrointestinal tract disease. We describe herein the main clinic-pathological findings observed in a foal, which spontaneously died after showing diarrhea and respiratory distress. Necropsy and histopathological investigations allowed to diagnose pulmonary aspergillosis, which likely developed after necrotic typhlitis-colitis. Biomolecular studies identified Aspergillus section Fumigati strain as the causative agent. Notably, severe oxalate nephrosis was concurrently observed. Occasionally, oxalate nephropathy can be a sequela of pulmonary aspergillosis in humans. The present case report suggests that the renal precipitation of oxalates can occur also in horses affected by pulmonary aspergillosis and could likely contribute to the fatal outcome of the disease.
Jasmine Hattab; Antonella Vulcano; Silvia D’Arezzo; Fabiana Verni; Pietro Giorgio Tiscar; Giovanni Lanteri; Emil Gjurcevic; Umberto Tosi; Giuseppe Marruchella. Aspergillus Section Fumigati Pneumonia and Oxalate Nephrosis in a Foal. Pathogens 2021, 10, 1087 .
AMA StyleJasmine Hattab, Antonella Vulcano, Silvia D’Arezzo, Fabiana Verni, Pietro Giorgio Tiscar, Giovanni Lanteri, Emil Gjurcevic, Umberto Tosi, Giuseppe Marruchella. Aspergillus Section Fumigati Pneumonia and Oxalate Nephrosis in a Foal. Pathogens. 2021; 10 (9):1087.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJasmine Hattab; Antonella Vulcano; Silvia D’Arezzo; Fabiana Verni; Pietro Giorgio Tiscar; Giovanni Lanteri; Emil Gjurcevic; Umberto Tosi; Giuseppe Marruchella. 2021. "Aspergillus Section Fumigati Pneumonia and Oxalate Nephrosis in a Foal." Pathogens 10, no. 9: 1087.
Anandamide (AEA) is one of the best characterized members of the endocannabinoid family and its involvement in many pathophysiological processes has been well documented in vertebrates and invertebrates. Here, we report the biochemical and functional characterization of key elements of the endocannabinoid system in hemocytes isolated from the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. We also show the effects of exogenous AEA, as well as of capsaicin, on the cell ability to migrate and to activate the respiratory burst, upon in vitro stimulation of phagocytosis. Interestingly, our findings show that both AEA and capsaicin suppress the hemocyte response and that the use of selective antagonists of CB2 and TRPV1 receptors revert their inhibitory effects. Overall, present data support previous evidence on the presence of endocannabinoid signaling in mollusks and advance our knowledge about the evolutionary origins of this endogenous system and its role in the innate response of mollusks.
Francesco Mosca; Osvaldo Zarivi; Natalia Battista; Mauro Maccarrone; Pietro Tiscar. The Endocannabinoid System in the Mediterranean Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: Possible Mediators of the Immune Activity? International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 4954 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Mosca, Osvaldo Zarivi, Natalia Battista, Mauro Maccarrone, Pietro Tiscar. The Endocannabinoid System in the Mediterranean Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: Possible Mediators of the Immune Activity? International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (9):4954.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Mosca; Osvaldo Zarivi; Natalia Battista; Mauro Maccarrone; Pietro Tiscar. 2021. "The Endocannabinoid System in the Mediterranean Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: Possible Mediators of the Immune Activity?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9: 4954.
Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) are globally widespread arthropod-transmitted diseases with a significant impact on animal and human health. Many drivers have recently spurred the geographic spread of VBDs in dogs. This study has evaluated the exposure to most important VBDs in dogs under different preventative treatments in different regions of Italy, i.e., Veneto, Friuli Venezia-Giulia, Umbria, Giglio Island (Tuscany), Abruzzo and Latium. Serological analyses were performed to detect antibodies against Leishmania infantum, Babesia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum/Anaplasma platys, Ehrlichia canis/Ehrlichia ewingii, Borrelia burgdorferi, Rickettsia conorii and the circulating antigen of Dirofilaria immitis. Dogs were categorized according to the treatment schedule usually received, and the association between seropositivity and possible risk factors was statistically evaluated. Overall, 124/242 (51.2%) dogs tested positive for at least one pathogen, while 34 (14.0%) were exposed to two or more pathogens. The most detected seropositivity was against R. conorii, followed by Anaplasma spp., L. infantum, B. canis, and the other pathogens under study. Significant statistical associations were found according to geographical provenance, history of tick infestation, lifestyle and inadequate prophylactic treatments. Random/irregular treatments have been identified as a clear risk factor. These results show that adequate prophylactic treatment protocols are overlooked by dog owners, despite the availability of several effective products, with possible implications in veterinary medicine and on public health.
Mariasole Colombo; Simone Morelli; Giulia Simonato; Angela Di Cesare; Fabrizia Veronesi; Antonio Frangipane di Regalbono; Laura Grassi; Ilaria Russi; Pietro Tiscar; Giulia Morganti; Jasmine Hattab; Valeria Rizzo; Donato Traversa. Exposure to Major Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs Subjected to Different Preventative Regimens in Endemic Areas of Italy. Pathogens 2021, 10, 507 .
AMA StyleMariasole Colombo, Simone Morelli, Giulia Simonato, Angela Di Cesare, Fabrizia Veronesi, Antonio Frangipane di Regalbono, Laura Grassi, Ilaria Russi, Pietro Tiscar, Giulia Morganti, Jasmine Hattab, Valeria Rizzo, Donato Traversa. Exposure to Major Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs Subjected to Different Preventative Regimens in Endemic Areas of Italy. Pathogens. 2021; 10 (5):507.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariasole Colombo; Simone Morelli; Giulia Simonato; Angela Di Cesare; Fabrizia Veronesi; Antonio Frangipane di Regalbono; Laura Grassi; Ilaria Russi; Pietro Tiscar; Giulia Morganti; Jasmine Hattab; Valeria Rizzo; Donato Traversa. 2021. "Exposure to Major Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs Subjected to Different Preventative Regimens in Endemic Areas of Italy." Pathogens 10, no. 5: 507.
Background and Aim: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a relevant opportunistic and difficult to treat pathogen due to its widespread environmental diffusion, intrinsic resistance to many classes of antimicrobials, high ability to acquire additional resistance mechanisms, and wide range of pathogenic factors. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of P. aeruginosa in canine clinical samples, the antimicrobial susceptibility against antipseudomonal antibiotics, and the presence of extracellular pathogenic factors of the isolates, as well as their ability to produce biofilm. Materials and Methods: Overall, 300 clinical specimens from dogs with pyoderma or abscesses (n=58), otitis (n=59), and suspected bladder infection (n=183) were analyzed by standard bacteriological methods. P. aeruginosa isolates were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility by disk and gradient diffusion methods to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations. The ability of the isolates to produce biofilm was investigated by a microtiter plate assay, while virulence genes coding for elastase (lasB), exotoxin A (toxA), alkaline protease (aprA), hemolytic phospholipase C (plcH), and exoenzyme S (ExoS) were detected by polymerase chain reaction method. Results: A total of 24 isolates of P. aeruginosa were found in clinical specimens (urine n=3, skin/soft tissue n=6, and ear canal n=15). No resistance was found to ceftazidime, gentamicin, aztreonam, and imipenem (IMI), while low levels of resistance were found to enrofloxacin (ENR) (4.2%) and piperacillin-tazobactam (8.3%). However, 41.7% and 29.2% of the isolates showed intermediate susceptibility to ENR and IMI, respectively. Disk and gradient diffusion methods showed high concordance. The majority of the isolates revealed a weak (33.3%) or intermediate (45.8%) ability to form biofilm, while the strong biofilm producers (20.8%) derived exclusively from the ear canal samples. All isolates (100%) were positive for lasB, aprA, and plcH genes, while exoS and toxA were amplified in 21 (87.5%) and 22 (91.7%) isolates, respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, P. aeruginosa isolates from canine clinical samples were characterized by low levels of antimicrobial resistance against antipseudomonal drugs. However, the high presence of isolates with intermediate susceptibility for some categories of antibiotics, including carbapenems which are not authorized for veterinary use, could represent an early warning signal. Moreover, the presence of isolates with strong ability to produce biofilm represents a challenge for the interpretation of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile. In addition, the high prevalence of the extracellular pathogenic factors was indicative of the potential virulence of the isolates.
Jasmine Hattab; Francesco Mosca; Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco; Giovanni Aste; Giuseppe Marruchella; Pierluigi Guardiani; Pietro Giorgio Tiscar. Occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pathogenic factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in canine clinical samples. Veterinary World 2021, 14, 978 -985.
AMA StyleJasmine Hattab, Francesco Mosca, Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco, Giovanni Aste, Giuseppe Marruchella, Pierluigi Guardiani, Pietro Giorgio Tiscar. Occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pathogenic factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in canine clinical samples. Veterinary World. 2021; 14 (4):978-985.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJasmine Hattab; Francesco Mosca; Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco; Giovanni Aste; Giuseppe Marruchella; Pierluigi Guardiani; Pietro Giorgio Tiscar. 2021. "Occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pathogenic factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in canine clinical samples." Veterinary World 14, no. 4: 978-985.
Assessing the potential biomass yield is a key step in aquaculture site selection. This is challenging, especially for shellfish, as the growth rate depends on both trophic status and water temperature. Individual ecophysiological models can be used for mapping potential shellfish growth in coastal areas, using as input spatial time series of remotely sensed SST and chlorophyll-a. This approach was taken here to estimate the potential for developing oyster (Crassostrea gigas) farming in the western Adriatic Sea. Industry relevant indicators (i.e., shell length, total individual weight) and days required to reach marketable size were mapped using a dynamic energy budget model, finetuned on the basis of site-specific morphometric data collected monthly for a year. Spatially scaled-up results showed that the faster and more uniform growth in the northern Adriatic coastal area, compared with the southern one, where chlorophyll-a levels are lower and summer temperatures exceed the critical temperature limit for longer periods. These results could be used in planning the identification of allocated zones for aquaculture, (AZA), taking into account also the potential for farming or co-farming C. gigas. In perspective, the methodology could be used for getting insights on changes to the potential productivity indicators due to climatic changes.
Camilla Bertolini; Daniele Brigolin; Erika Porporato; Jasmine Hattab; Roberto Pastres; Pietro Tiscar. Testing a Model of Pacific Oysters’ (Crassostrea gigas) Growth in the Adriatic Sea: Implications for Aquaculture Spatial Planning. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3309 .
AMA StyleCamilla Bertolini, Daniele Brigolin, Erika Porporato, Jasmine Hattab, Roberto Pastres, Pietro Tiscar. Testing a Model of Pacific Oysters’ (Crassostrea gigas) Growth in the Adriatic Sea: Implications for Aquaculture Spatial Planning. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3309.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCamilla Bertolini; Daniele Brigolin; Erika Porporato; Jasmine Hattab; Roberto Pastres; Pietro Tiscar. 2021. "Testing a Model of Pacific Oysters’ (Crassostrea gigas) Growth in the Adriatic Sea: Implications for Aquaculture Spatial Planning." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3309.
Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) farming has developed in recent years along the Italian coasts of the Adriatic sea. This is particularly true in sites located in the northern area and only recently becoming more common in the southern area, which is different particularly in regards to temperature and trophic conditions. There is a lack of studies on the status of the oysters farmed in this area; therefore, the present research aimed to monitor the health conditions of adult triploid oysters that were kept in offshore longline culture system over one year. Environmental parameters were daily estimated from satellite. Biometric, immunological and oxidative stress parameters were measured monthly, looking also for the presence of pathogens, such as OsHV‐1, Vibrio aestuarianus and Vibrio splendidus. During summer months, high temperatures and low food availability had a detrimental impact on the growth and immunological parameters which showed a progressive recovery during the autumn and winter months. Overall, no abnormal mortality was observed, and no histological alterations were evident. The presence of pathogens was negligible, and the oxidative stress parameters were poorly detected, except for the digestive glands during the autumn and winter seasons. On this basis, the data herein reported suggest that the area could be suitable for the development of triploid Pacific oyster farming, although animals would require a longer time to reach commercial size.
Francesco Mosca; Pietro G. Tiscar; Jasmine Hattab; Anna M. D'Antonuo; Dario D'Onofrio; Giuseppe Arcangeli; Alessia Vetri; Camilla Bertolini; Roberto Pastres. Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg 1793) cultivation in southern Adriatic Sea (Italy): A one‐year monitoring study of the oyster health. Aquaculture Research 2021, 52, 2879 -2890.
AMA StyleFrancesco Mosca, Pietro G. Tiscar, Jasmine Hattab, Anna M. D'Antonuo, Dario D'Onofrio, Giuseppe Arcangeli, Alessia Vetri, Camilla Bertolini, Roberto Pastres. Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg 1793) cultivation in southern Adriatic Sea (Italy): A one‐year monitoring study of the oyster health. Aquaculture Research. 2021; 52 (6):2879-2890.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Mosca; Pietro G. Tiscar; Jasmine Hattab; Anna M. D'Antonuo; Dario D'Onofrio; Giuseppe Arcangeli; Alessia Vetri; Camilla Bertolini; Roberto Pastres. 2021. "Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg 1793) cultivation in southern Adriatic Sea (Italy): A one‐year monitoring study of the oyster health." Aquaculture Research 52, no. 6: 2879-2890.
Background and Aim: Neutrophils represent between 20% and 75% of white blood cells in animals and play a key role in an effective immune response. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is commonly referred to as an oxidative burst and is crucial under healthy and disease conditions. Interestingly, ROS are emerging as regulators of several neutrophil functions, including their oxidative burst. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide on the oxidative burst of neutrophils, collected from domestic animal species (namely, pig, cattle, and sheep), and exposed to different stimuli. Materials and Methods: A total of 65 slaughtered animals were included in the present study: Twenty-two pigs, 21 cattle, and 22 sheep. Blood samples were collected at bleeding and neutrophils were then purified using ad hoc developed and species-specific protocols. Neutrophils were treated with hydrogen peroxide at micromolar-to-millimolar concentrations, alone, or combined with other stimuli (i.e., opsonized yeasts, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate). The generation of ROS was evaluated using a luminol-derived chemiluminescence (CL) assay. For each animal species, data were aggregated and reported as mean area under curve±standard deviation. Finally, data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Results: Exposure of bovine and ovine neutrophils to hydrogen peroxide alone resulted in a dose-dependent enhancement of the CL response, which was significantly stronger at its highest concentration and proved particularly prominent in sheep. Opsonized yeasts and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate both proved capable of stimulating the generation of ROS in all animal species under study. Hydrogen peroxide negatively modulated the oxidative burst of neutrophils after exposure to those stimuli, observed response patterns varying between pigs and ruminants. Porcine neutrophils, pre-exposed to micromolar concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, showed a decreased CL response only to opsonized yeasts. Conversely, pre-exposure to hydrogen peroxide reduced the CL response of ruminant neutrophils both to yeasts and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, the effect being most prominent at 1 mM concentration. Conclusion: These results indicate that hydrogen peroxide is capable of modulating the oxidative bursts of neutrophils in a species-specific and dose-dependent manner, substantial differences existing between pigs and ruminants. Further investigation is required to fully comprehend such modulation, which is crucial for the proper management of the generation of ROS under healthy and disease conditions.
Francesco Mosca; Abigail R. Trachtman; Jasmine Hattab; Giuseppe Marruchella; Pietro G. Tiscar. Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the oxidative burst of neutrophils in pigs and ruminants. Veterinary World 2020, 13, 1934 -1939.
AMA StyleFrancesco Mosca, Abigail R. Trachtman, Jasmine Hattab, Giuseppe Marruchella, Pietro G. Tiscar. Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the oxidative burst of neutrophils in pigs and ruminants. Veterinary World. 2020; 13 (9):1934-1939.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Mosca; Abigail R. Trachtman; Jasmine Hattab; Giuseppe Marruchella; Pietro G. Tiscar. 2020. "Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the oxidative burst of neutrophils in pigs and ruminants." Veterinary World 13, no. 9: 1934-1939.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, a severe respiratory disorder caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (Mmm). The present study investigated the generation of ROS by different strains of Mmm, as well as their effect on the oxidative response of bovine neutrophils. The production of ROS was indirectly measured using a luminol-based chemiluminescence assay. Our results confirm that Mmm can produce ROS via the metabolism of glycerol, significant differences existing between African and European strains. Mmm was capable of adhering to the external surface of neutrophils. Interestingly, Mmm enhanced the respiratory burst of bovine neutrophils. This activity was particularly pronounced with the African field strain and in presence of glycerol. Taken together, our data argue in favour of a major role for neutrophils as the main source of ROS in contagious bovine pleuropneumonia.
Giovanni Di Teodoro; Giuseppe Marruchella; Francesco Mosca; Andrea Di Provvido; Flavio Sacchini; Pietro Giorgio Tiscar; Massimo Scacchia. Polymorphonuclear cells and reactive oxygen species in contagious bovine pleuropneumonia: New insight from in vitro investigations. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 2018, 201, 16 -19.
AMA StyleGiovanni Di Teodoro, Giuseppe Marruchella, Francesco Mosca, Andrea Di Provvido, Flavio Sacchini, Pietro Giorgio Tiscar, Massimo Scacchia. Polymorphonuclear cells and reactive oxygen species in contagious bovine pleuropneumonia: New insight from in vitro investigations. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 2018; 201 ():16-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanni Di Teodoro; Giuseppe Marruchella; Francesco Mosca; Andrea Di Provvido; Flavio Sacchini; Pietro Giorgio Tiscar; Massimo Scacchia. 2018. "Polymorphonuclear cells and reactive oxygen species in contagious bovine pleuropneumonia: New insight from in vitro investigations." Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 201, no. : 16-19.
A variety of bivalve mollusks (phylum Mollusca, class Bivalvia) constitute a prominent commodity in fisheries and aquacultures, but are also crucial in order to preserve our ecosystem’s complexity and function. Bivalve mollusks, such as clams, mussels, oysters and scallops, are relevant bred species, and their global farming maintains a high incremental annual growth rate, representing a considerable proportion of the overall fishery activities. Bivalve mollusks are filter feeders; therefore by filtering a great quantity of water, they may bioaccumulate in their tissues a high number of microorganisms that can be considered infectious for humans and higher vertebrates. Moreover, since some pathogens are also able to infect bivalve mollusks, they are a threat for the entire mollusk farming industry. In consideration of the leading role in aquaculture and the growing financial importance of bivalve farming, much interest has been recently devoted to investigate the pathogenesis of infectious diseases of these mollusks in order to be prepared for public health emergencies and to avoid dreadful income losses. Several bacterial and viral pathogens will be described herein. Despite the minor complexity of the organization of the immune system of bivalves, compared to mammalian immune systems, a precise description of the different mechanisms that induce its activation and functioning is still missing. In the present review, a substantial consideration will be devoted in outlining the immune responses of bivalves and their repertoire of immune cells. Finally, we will focus on the description of antimicrobial peptides that have been identified and characterized in bivalve mollusks. Their structural and antimicrobial features are also of great interest for the biotechnology sector as antimicrobial templates to combat the increasing antibiotic-resistance of different pathogenic bacteria that plague the human population all over the world.
Carla Zannella; Francesco Mosca; Francesca Mariani; Gianluigi Franci; Veronica Folliero; Marilena Galdiero; Pietro Giorgio Tiscar; Massimiliano Galdiero. Microbial Diseases of Bivalve Mollusks: Infections, Immunology and Antimicrobial Defense. Marine Drugs 2017, 15, 182 .
AMA StyleCarla Zannella, Francesco Mosca, Francesca Mariani, Gianluigi Franci, Veronica Folliero, Marilena Galdiero, Pietro Giorgio Tiscar, Massimiliano Galdiero. Microbial Diseases of Bivalve Mollusks: Infections, Immunology and Antimicrobial Defense. Marine Drugs. 2017; 15 (6):182.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Zannella; Francesco Mosca; Francesca Mariani; Gianluigi Franci; Veronica Folliero; Marilena Galdiero; Pietro Giorgio Tiscar; Massimiliano Galdiero. 2017. "Microbial Diseases of Bivalve Mollusks: Infections, Immunology and Antimicrobial Defense." Marine Drugs 15, no. 6: 182.
Motivation: A computational model equipped with the main immunological features of the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) immune system was used to predict more effective vaccination in fish. The performance of the model was evaluated by using the results of two in vivo vaccinations trials against L. anguillarum and P. damselae. Results: Tests were performed to select the appropriate doses of vaccine and infectious bacteria to set up the model. Simulation outputs were compared with the specific antibody production and the expression of BcR and TcR gene transcripts in spleen. The model has shown a good ability to be used in sea bass and could be implemented for different routes of vaccine administration even with more than two pathogens. The model confirms the suitability of in silico methods to optimize vaccine doses and the immune response to them. This model could be applied to other species to optimize the design of new vaccination treatments of fish in aquaculture. Availability and implementation: The method is available at http://www.iac.cnr.it/∼filippo/c-immsim/ Contact:[email protected] Supplementary information:Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Alice Madonia; Cristiano Melchiorri; Simone Bonamano; Marco Marcelli; Chiara Bulfon; Filippo Castiglione; Marco Galeotti; Donatella Volpatti; Francesco Mosca; Pietro-Giorgio Tiscar; Nicla Romano. Computational modeling of immune system of the fish for a more effective vaccination in aquaculture. Bioinformatics 2017, 33, 3065 -3071.
AMA StyleAlice Madonia, Cristiano Melchiorri, Simone Bonamano, Marco Marcelli, Chiara Bulfon, Filippo Castiglione, Marco Galeotti, Donatella Volpatti, Francesco Mosca, Pietro-Giorgio Tiscar, Nicla Romano. Computational modeling of immune system of the fish for a more effective vaccination in aquaculture. Bioinformatics. 2017; 33 (19):3065-3071.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlice Madonia; Cristiano Melchiorri; Simone Bonamano; Marco Marcelli; Chiara Bulfon; Filippo Castiglione; Marco Galeotti; Donatella Volpatti; Francesco Mosca; Pietro-Giorgio Tiscar; Nicla Romano. 2017. "Computational modeling of immune system of the fish for a more effective vaccination in aquaculture." Bioinformatics 33, no. 19: 3065-3071.
Sea bass were experimentally infected with Listonella anguillarum or Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Phdp). At 24 and 72h post-infection, the expression analysis of immune-relevant genes (IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, Hepcidin), the transcriptional level and detection of HSP70, and the quantification of serum iron were investigated in association with the histological analysis and the bacterial recognition in tissues by immunohistochemistry. At 15 days post-infection, the specific antibody response was detected in surviving fish, as well as the transcriptional levels of TcR and BcR sequences. Both experimental infections were characterized by a similar acute response, whereas different histological and immunohistochemistry evidences were observed. In particular, the early reaction appeared suitable for the clearance of L. anguillarum, thus limiting the histological lesions, the bacterial dissemination and the further development of acquired immunity in surviving fish. On the contrary, the innate response appeared not enough to resolve the Phdp infection, which was characterized by tissue damage, bacterial widespread and substantial detection of specific humoral immunity in surviving fish, also associated to lymphocytes clonal expansion. Besides the opportunistic conditions involved in fish vibriosis and pasteurellosis, the comparison between these experimental infection models seems to suggest that the rate of development of the acquired immunity is strictly linked to the activation of the host innate response combined to the degree of bacterial virulence
Francesco Mosca; Sara Ciulli; Donatella Volpatti; Nicla Romano; Enrico Volpe; Chiara Bulfon; Marcella Massimini; Elisabetta Caccia; Marco Galeotti; Pietro G. Tiscar. Defensive response of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) against Listonella anguillarum or Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida experimental infection. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 2014, 162, 83 -95.
AMA StyleFrancesco Mosca, Sara Ciulli, Donatella Volpatti, Nicla Romano, Enrico Volpe, Chiara Bulfon, Marcella Massimini, Elisabetta Caccia, Marco Galeotti, Pietro G. Tiscar. Defensive response of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) against Listonella anguillarum or Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida experimental infection. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 2014; 162 (3-4):83-95.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Mosca; Sara Ciulli; Donatella Volpatti; Nicla Romano; Enrico Volpe; Chiara Bulfon; Marcella Massimini; Elisabetta Caccia; Marco Galeotti; Pietro G. Tiscar. 2014. "Defensive response of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) against Listonella anguillarum or Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida experimental infection." Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 162, no. 3-4: 83-95.
The Sabaudia's lake consists of a protected coastal lagoon, located in the central Italy, historically characterized by recurrent mortality events of marine fauna during warmer months. A field study was monthly conducted on mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis cultivated inside the lagoon, measuring hemocyte parameters as total circulating count (THC), viability (HV), spreading and oxidative response to in vitro phagocytosis stimulation. A depression of the immune response was observed during the spring season, as indicated by higher values of hemocyte circularity and lower luminescence levels related to respiratory burst, also associated to modulation of THC and HV. The water temperature and the oxygen concentration appeared as the major environmental factors having influence on the phagocytosis activity. Therefore, the hemocyte variations have been intended as early danger signal to evaluate the immunodepression induced by the environmental stressors which could reveal in advance the development of critical situations for mussel survival.
Francesco Mosca; Luigi Lanni; Daniele Cargini; Valeria Narcisi; Ilen Bianco; Pietro G. Tiscar. Variability of the hemocyte parameters of cultivated mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lmk 1819) in Sabaudia (Latina, Italy) coastal lagoon. Marine Environmental Research 2013, 92, 215 -223.
AMA StyleFrancesco Mosca, Luigi Lanni, Daniele Cargini, Valeria Narcisi, Ilen Bianco, Pietro G. Tiscar. Variability of the hemocyte parameters of cultivated mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lmk 1819) in Sabaudia (Latina, Italy) coastal lagoon. Marine Environmental Research. 2013; 92 ():215-223.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Mosca; Luigi Lanni; Daniele Cargini; Valeria Narcisi; Ilen Bianco; Pietro G. Tiscar. 2013. "Variability of the hemocyte parameters of cultivated mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lmk 1819) in Sabaudia (Latina, Italy) coastal lagoon." Marine Environmental Research 92, no. : 215-223.
Hemocytes are a critical component of the mussel defense system and the present study aims at investigating their spreading and oxidative properties during phagocytosis under in vivo experimental stress conditions. The spreading ability was measured by an automated cell analyzer on the basis of the circularity, a parameter corresponding to the hemocyte roundness. The oxidative activity was investigated by micromethod assay, measuring the respiratory burst as expression of the fluorescence generated by the oxidation of specific probe. Following the application of high temperature and exposure to air, there was evidence of negative modulation of spreading and oxidative response, as revealed by a cell roundness increase and fluorescence generation decrease. Therefore, the fall of respiratory burst appeared as matched with the inhibition of hemocyte morphological activation, suggesting a potential depression of the phagocytosis process and confirming the application of the circularity parameter as potential stress marker, both in experimental and field studies.
Francesco Mosca; Valeria Narcisi; Angela Calzetta; Luisa Gioia; Maria G. Finoia; Mario Latini; Pietro G. Tiscar. Effects of high temperature and exposure to air on mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lmk 1819) hemocyte phagocytosis: Modulation of spreading and oxidative response. Tissue and Cell 2013, 45, 198 -203.
AMA StyleFrancesco Mosca, Valeria Narcisi, Angela Calzetta, Luisa Gioia, Maria G. Finoia, Mario Latini, Pietro G. Tiscar. Effects of high temperature and exposure to air on mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lmk 1819) hemocyte phagocytosis: Modulation of spreading and oxidative response. Tissue and Cell. 2013; 45 (3):198-203.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Mosca; Valeria Narcisi; Angela Calzetta; Luisa Gioia; Maria G. Finoia; Mario Latini; Pietro G. Tiscar. 2013. "Effects of high temperature and exposure to air on mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lmk 1819) hemocyte phagocytosis: Modulation of spreading and oxidative response." Tissue and Cell 45, no. 3: 198-203.
The effect of vaccination on immune parameters of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, is not fully established, as well as surveyed throughout rearing till the commercial size. Furthermore, available information on the possible role of booster treatments is scarce. Sea bass juveniles were vaccinated against Listonella anguillarum using a commercial bivalent formulation administered by immersion (priming: 95 dph; booster: 165 dph) or by immersion (priming: 95 dph; booster: 165 dph) and subsequent i.p. injection (booster: 233 dph). Serum specific IgM and numbers of IgM+ cells in head kidney and spleen evidenced B-cell responses mainly after the immersion booster, accompanied by increased TcR-ˇ transcripts and leucocyte respiratory burst. Immune enhancement was confirmed by the protection towards i.p. challenges with a virulent strain. RPS accounted for >70% in fish immersion-boosted and near 100% in fish further boosted i.p. Differently from usual farm practices, this innovative vaccination protocol proved to be highly effective. Booster treatments are therefore strongly recommende
Marco Galeotti; Nicla Romano; Donatella Volpatti; Chiara Bulfon; Andrea Brunetti; Pietro Giorgio Tiscar; Francesco Mosca; Fabrizio Bertoni; Maria Gabriella Marchetti; Luigi Abelli. Innovative vaccination protocol against vibriosis in Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) juveniles: Improvement of immune parameters and protection to challenge. Vaccine 2013, 31, 1224 -1230.
AMA StyleMarco Galeotti, Nicla Romano, Donatella Volpatti, Chiara Bulfon, Andrea Brunetti, Pietro Giorgio Tiscar, Francesco Mosca, Fabrizio Bertoni, Maria Gabriella Marchetti, Luigi Abelli. Innovative vaccination protocol against vibriosis in Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) juveniles: Improvement of immune parameters and protection to challenge. Vaccine. 2013; 31 (8):1224-1230.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Galeotti; Nicla Romano; Donatella Volpatti; Chiara Bulfon; Andrea Brunetti; Pietro Giorgio Tiscar; Francesco Mosca; Fabrizio Bertoni; Maria Gabriella Marchetti; Luigi Abelli. 2013. "Innovative vaccination protocol against vibriosis in Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) juveniles: Improvement of immune parameters and protection to challenge." Vaccine 31, no. 8: 1224-1230.
Heat shock proteins 70 kDa (HSP70) and apoptosis were investigated in thymus of sea bass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) subsequently to a vaccination against Listonella (syn. Vibrio) anguillarum. HSP70 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry and immunoenzymatic methods, resulting in increase in HSP70 after bath immunization and persistent in fish exposed to an intraperitoneal (i.p.) booster. The HSP70 increase in thymus was suggested as induction in lymphocytic cells, to be related to immune system stimulation after vaccination. However, a thymic recruitment of lymphocyte subpopulations, characterized by higher expression of HSP70, was also hypothesized after vaccination. No apparent relationships were found between HSP70 and apoptosis. In fact, the vaccination did not modulate the apoptosis response, as measured by TUNEL assay and by immunohistochemistry for active caspase-3 expression. The lack of apoptosis effects could be ascribed to the use of inactivated bacteria that appeared not able to interfere with programmed cell death mechanisms. This manuscript aims to contribute to the knowledge of some biochemical features underlying the immunization, with a particular emphasis on the modulation of HSP70. However, further parameters involved in innate/adaptative immunity and apoptosis pathways have to be taken into account to well establish the functional role of HSP70 in fish vaccination.
Francesco Mosca; Nicla Romano; Daniela Malatesta; Giuseppina Ceccarelli; Andrea Brunetti; Chiara Bulfon; Donatella Volpatti; Luigi Abelli; Marco Galeotti; Anastasia Falconi; Pietro G. Tiscar. Heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70) increase in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L 1758) thymus after vaccination against Listonella anguillarum. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 2012, 39, 615 -626.
AMA StyleFrancesco Mosca, Nicla Romano, Daniela Malatesta, Giuseppina Ceccarelli, Andrea Brunetti, Chiara Bulfon, Donatella Volpatti, Luigi Abelli, Marco Galeotti, Anastasia Falconi, Pietro G. Tiscar. Heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70) increase in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L 1758) thymus after vaccination against Listonella anguillarum. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry. 2012; 39 (3):615-626.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Mosca; Nicla Romano; Daniela Malatesta; Giuseppina Ceccarelli; Andrea Brunetti; Chiara Bulfon; Donatella Volpatti; Luigi Abelli; Marco Galeotti; Anastasia Falconi; Pietro G. Tiscar. 2012. "Heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70) increase in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L 1758) thymus after vaccination against Listonella anguillarum." Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 39, no. 3: 615-626.
The clam Chamelea gallina (L 1758) represents an important shellfish resource along Mediterranean coasts and its progressive depletion has been ascribed both to the overexploitation of stocks and to environmental or anthropic stressors. In this context, the investigation on immune parameters could represent a valid approach to measure the clam homeostasis condition and its possible influence on population dynamics. On this basis, the innate immune system, mainly represented by hemocyte phagocytosis, was investigated in organisms of different size. The results indicated a better phagocytic response in larger clams, strictly related to a greater concentration of granulocytes. A such variation in hemolymph composition appeared not dependent on environmental or endogenous factors, but rather on clam aging.
Francesco Mosca; Valeria Narcisi; Daniele Cargini; Angela Calzetta; Pietro G. Tiscar. Age related properties of the Adriatic clam Chamelea gallina (L. 1758) hemocytes. Fish & Shellfish Immunology 2011, 31, 1106 -1112.
AMA StyleFrancesco Mosca, Valeria Narcisi, Daniele Cargini, Angela Calzetta, Pietro G. Tiscar. Age related properties of the Adriatic clam Chamelea gallina (L. 1758) hemocytes. Fish & Shellfish Immunology. 2011; 31 (6):1106-1112.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Mosca; Valeria Narcisi; Daniele Cargini; Angela Calzetta; Pietro G. Tiscar. 2011. "Age related properties of the Adriatic clam Chamelea gallina (L. 1758) hemocytes." Fish & Shellfish Immunology 31, no. 6: 1106-1112.
The flat oyster Ostrea edulis L. is widespread along the Italian coasts. In particular, the Manfredonia Gulf (Adriatic Sea) represents an important site where natural beds subsist. Previous monitoring conducted in 1990 by light microscopy and ultrastructural studies revealed the presence of Bonamia-like microcell parasites in some flat oysters: following this observation, a new sampling of O. edulis was carried out at this location in 2007. Of 750 oysters collected, 3 showed the presence of uninucleated microcells (2 to 3 microm diameter) free or inside the haemocyte cytoplasm by cytology and histopathology. Molecular analysis confirmed that the microcells in 2 oysters were B. exitiosa, whereas in the third oyster the microcells were B. ostreae. Moreover, molecular studies were carried out to confirm the existence of Bonamia sp. in archived samples, confirming the presence of B. ostreae in the Manfredonia Gulf since 1990.
V Narcisi; Isabelle Arzul; D Cargini; Francesco Mosca; A Calzetta; Donato Traversa; M Robert; Jp Joly; B Chollet; T Renault; Pg Tiscar. Detection of Bonamia ostreae and B. exitiosa (Haplosporidia) in Ostrea edulis from the Adriatic Sea (Italy). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 2010, 89, 79 -85.
AMA StyleV Narcisi, Isabelle Arzul, D Cargini, Francesco Mosca, A Calzetta, Donato Traversa, M Robert, Jp Joly, B Chollet, T Renault, Pg Tiscar. Detection of Bonamia ostreae and B. exitiosa (Haplosporidia) in Ostrea edulis from the Adriatic Sea (Italy). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 2010; 89 (1):79-85.
Chicago/Turabian StyleV Narcisi; Isabelle Arzul; D Cargini; Francesco Mosca; A Calzetta; Donato Traversa; M Robert; Jp Joly; B Chollet; T Renault; Pg Tiscar. 2010. "Detection of Bonamia ostreae and B. exitiosa (Haplosporidia) in Ostrea edulis from the Adriatic Sea (Italy)." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 89, no. 1: 79-85.