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Prof. Renata Marks-Bielska
Faculty of Economic Science, Department of Economic Policy, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn

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Journal article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja
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The research aim was to identify the effects of the institutional environment-supporting business activity on new firms' location. Using a series of negative binomial models, coupled with Hausman-Taylor estimations and Granger causality tests we studied the role of quality of institutions and distances to various types of institutions on the spatial distribution of new firms. The analysis also takes into consideration other location criteria, arising from the geographical location and socio-economic conditions in Poland's smallest administrative division unit, i.e., a municipality. The results revealed a positive role in the quality of institutions as firms' location criteria. Furthermore, the distance of firms to different institutions tended to be significant, albeit depending on these institutions' type. In this regard, the distance of numerous local institutions performing a broader spectrum of activities was a significant location criterion, while the distance to institutions focusing on a narrow range of activities (e.g., supporting innovations, R&D), dedicated to selected or supra-regional groups of clients, more frequently proved to be insignificant. Implications arising from the research can help local authorities, which take measures to improve the institutional environment supporting firms.

ACS Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Jarosław M. Nazarczuk; Izabela Rogalska. Institutions versus location of new firms: does distance matter? Evidence from the Polish economy. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja 2021, 1 -21.

AMA Style

Renata Marks-Bielska, Jarosław M. Nazarczuk, Izabela Rogalska. Institutions versus location of new firms: does distance matter? Evidence from the Polish economy. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja. 2021; ():1-21.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Jarosław M. Nazarczuk; Izabela Rogalska. 2021. "Institutions versus location of new firms: does distance matter? Evidence from the Polish economy." Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja , no. : 1-21.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2021 in Energies
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The issue of environmental management systems in food processing companies is gaining importance due to the need to reduce water withdrawal, wastewater, air emissions, and waste generation. New technological solutions and innovations can reduce the negative effects of the enterprises’ production facilities on the environment. In Poland, the phenomenon of increasing use of the amount of renewable energy sources is influenced by, e.g., adopted national and EU legislation, development of new technologies in the field of energy, and increasing awareness of producers and consumers in the field of ecology and environmental protection. It is also important that the state creates favorable conditions for the use of renewable energy in micro-installations. The application goal of the study is to develop a procedure for improvement of the environmental management systems for food processing companies and increase the awareness of potential use and implementation of renewable energy sources by food processing entities. In the theoretical part of the study, methods of comparative, deductive, and synthetic analysis are used. In the practical part of the study survey method, case studies, a simple flashback, and transfer of ideas are presented. The results of the research can be used by state institutions to put emphasis on the implementation of sustainable development of state policy on the food market.

ACS Style

Stanisław Bielski; Anna Zielińska-Chmielewska; Renata Marks-Bielska. Use of Environmental Management Systems and Renewable Energy Sources in Selected Food Processing Enterprises in Poland. Energies 2021, 14, 3212 .

AMA Style

Stanisław Bielski, Anna Zielińska-Chmielewska, Renata Marks-Bielska. Use of Environmental Management Systems and Renewable Energy Sources in Selected Food Processing Enterprises in Poland. Energies. 2021; 14 (11):3212.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stanisław Bielski; Anna Zielińska-Chmielewska; Renata Marks-Bielska. 2021. "Use of Environmental Management Systems and Renewable Energy Sources in Selected Food Processing Enterprises in Poland." Energies 14, no. 11: 3212.

Journal article
Published: 26 April 2021 in Energies
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Analyses of statistical data were made and their results discussed in this article to identify the level of Poland’s energy security and to determine the role of agriculture in ensuring it. It has been demonstrated that coal continues to be the staple resource for the generation of energy in Poland. The current demands and requirements concerning the reduced consumption of non-renewable resources and Poland’s obligations towards the European Union regarding the production of energy from renewable resources—all these considerations contribute to the promotion of a skillful development of energy crop farming, which, in Poland, is likely to be very successful. Agriculture plays an important role in ensuring Poland’s energy security, and this branch of farming can grow dynamically provided adequate legal regulations and promotion are in place. The chief resource for renewable energy generation is biomass. Straw and biogas production in agricultural biogas plants are two solutions whose full energy production potential still awaits to be tapped.

ACS Style

Stanisław Bielski; Renata Marks-Bielska; Anna Zielińska-Chmielewska; Kęstutis Romaneckas; Egidijus Šarauskis. Importance of Agriculture in Creating Energy Security—A Case Study of Poland. Energies 2021, 14, 2465 .

AMA Style

Stanisław Bielski, Renata Marks-Bielska, Anna Zielińska-Chmielewska, Kęstutis Romaneckas, Egidijus Šarauskis. Importance of Agriculture in Creating Energy Security—A Case Study of Poland. Energies. 2021; 14 (9):2465.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stanisław Bielski; Renata Marks-Bielska; Anna Zielińska-Chmielewska; Kęstutis Romaneckas; Egidijus Šarauskis. 2021. "Importance of Agriculture in Creating Energy Security—A Case Study of Poland." Energies 14, no. 9: 2465.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2021 in Land Use Policy
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Research into the land owner-lessee relationship is among the oldest and classic examples of analyses made by economists into agency relationships, the fact that has encouraged the author to carry out this empirical study among agricultural land lessees in Poland (227 agricultural producers who lease farmland). The objective was to gain the knowledge of how this form of land use and farmland management was perceived by lessees. The research results were enriched with an analysis of the data from public statistics and an overview of the most important legal acts creating the institutional framework for land use in the form of lease in Poland. The survey addressed to lessees of farmland from the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury confirmed that there is information asymmetry between the principal (the National Support Centre for Agriculture) and the agent (the lessee), including the knowledge of such facts as the application of agronomic treatments on leased land or volumes of harvested yields. What makes the research subject more important is the specific character of farmland lease in Poland, that is a lack of a legal act dedicated strictly to this institution compounded by frequent changes in legal regulations indirectly governing land lease, which both affect the scope and popularity of this form of agricultural land use. The agricultural policy in Poland regarding the institution of lease is inconsistent. The question that needs to be resolved is whether this form of land use in agriculture will be supported and perpetuated, or whether it will be treated as a transient form of land use leading to complete ownership transformation.

ACS Style

Renata Marks-Bielska. Conditions underlying agricultural land lease in Poland, in the context of the agency theory. Land Use Policy 2021, 102, 105251 .

AMA Style

Renata Marks-Bielska. Conditions underlying agricultural land lease in Poland, in the context of the agency theory. Land Use Policy. 2021; 102 ():105251.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renata Marks-Bielska. 2021. "Conditions underlying agricultural land lease in Poland, in the context of the agency theory." Land Use Policy 102, no. : 105251.

Journal article
Published: 30 December 2020 in Gospodarka Narodowa
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ACS Style

Dominika Milczarek-Andrzejewska; Jerzy Wilkin; Renata Marks-Bielska; Adam Czarnecki; Anna Bartczak. Agricultural Land-use Conflicts: An Economic Perspective. Gospodarka Narodowa 2020, 304, 5 -31.

AMA Style

Dominika Milczarek-Andrzejewska, Jerzy Wilkin, Renata Marks-Bielska, Adam Czarnecki, Anna Bartczak. Agricultural Land-use Conflicts: An Economic Perspective. Gospodarka Narodowa. 2020; 304 (4):5-31.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dominika Milczarek-Andrzejewska; Jerzy Wilkin; Renata Marks-Bielska; Adam Czarnecki; Anna Bartczak. 2020. "Agricultural Land-use Conflicts: An Economic Perspective." Gospodarka Narodowa 304, no. 4: 5-31.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2020 in Agriculture
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Due to the often-intangible benefits of agroecosystem services (AES), their cultural, social, and economic value is very difficult to quantify and integrate into decision-making and policy-making processes. The aim of this study is to assess the non-market values of AES in an exceptionally environmentally rich area of the Warmia and Mazury region (Poland), identifying consumers’ preferences for them using the choice experiment (CE) method. Four AES attributes were selected for the research: (i) water quality; (ii) wildlife populations; and (iii) agricultural landscape. The study has revealed that the residents of Warmia and Mazury region were concerned about environmental issues that may be caused by agriculture. There was a demand for the provision of AES. The application of multinomial logit (MNL) model has revealed that marginal willingness to pay (MWTP) values were the highest for water quality (EUR 1.94), followed by wildlife population (EUR 1.02) and agricultural landscape (EUR 0.85). The findings have provided quantitative information related to the demand for improvements in AES through agri-environmental protection programs.

ACS Style

Stanisław Bielski; Renata Marks-Bielska; Anastasija Novikova; Bernardas Vaznonis. Assessing the Value of Agroecosystem Services in Warmia and Mazury Province Using Choice Experiments. Agriculture 2020, 11, 4 .

AMA Style

Stanisław Bielski, Renata Marks-Bielska, Anastasija Novikova, Bernardas Vaznonis. Assessing the Value of Agroecosystem Services in Warmia and Mazury Province Using Choice Experiments. Agriculture. 2020; 11 (1):4.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stanisław Bielski; Renata Marks-Bielska; Anastasija Novikova; Bernardas Vaznonis. 2020. "Assessing the Value of Agroecosystem Services in Warmia and Mazury Province Using Choice Experiments." Agriculture 11, no. 1: 4.

Review
Published: 23 December 2020 in Land
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Sustainable development is socioeconomic growth that integrates political, economic, and social measures alongside environmental protection to meet the needs of communities and citizens without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. The sustainable development concept was initially based on three main pillars: environment, economy, and society. In successive years, this concept has been expanded to include new pillars. The awareness of these changes has influenced our research interests. The main research objective of this study was to evaluate the applicability of geographic information system (GIS) tools (data, tools, and multidimensional analyses) to the implementation of sustainable development principles in rural areas. The study covered rural and nonurbanized areas in Poland, especially farmland, forests, fisheries, and farms. The study presents the results of our research into environmental, economic, and social determinants of growth in the spatial dimension. GIS tools continue to evolve, which improves access to information and increases database managers’ awareness that highly accurate data are needed for spatial analyses. GIS systems allow us to formulate, in a structured and formal way, models that reflect both the current state and forecast changes that will occur in space. It is a very useful tool in the sustainable development of rural areas.

ACS Style

Krystyna Kurowska; Renata Marks-Bielska; Stanisław Bielski; Audrius Aleknavičius; Cezary Kowalczyk. Geographic Information Systems and the Sustainable Development of Rural Areas. Land 2020, 10, 6 .

AMA Style

Krystyna Kurowska, Renata Marks-Bielska, Stanisław Bielski, Audrius Aleknavičius, Cezary Kowalczyk. Geographic Information Systems and the Sustainable Development of Rural Areas. Land. 2020; 10 (1):6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krystyna Kurowska; Renata Marks-Bielska; Stanisław Bielski; Audrius Aleknavičius; Cezary Kowalczyk. 2020. "Geographic Information Systems and the Sustainable Development of Rural Areas." Land 10, no. 1: 6.

Journal article
Published: 26 November 2020 in Energies
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A crucial factor that determines the development of production and consumption markets for biofuels is the choice of raw materials that can ensure the highest possible production efficiency, the lowest cost and the smallest emission of harmful substances to the atmosphere during all production stages. Considerations underlying the development of biofuel production have been discussed as well as the theoretical mechanisms linking the generation of biofuels to the level of production and the variability of prices of agricultural raw products. The aim of this study has been to identify the scale at which energy raw materials originating from agriculture are used for liquid biofuels production and to explore their impact on food security. The study used public statistical data (OECD-FAO and IndexMundi). The time span of the analysis was from 2005 to 2018. First-generation biofuels based on food raw materials (cereal grains, root crops, sugarcane and vegetable oils) are becoming increasingly competitive with food production recent years have been a period of the dynamic growth in production of liquid biofuels. In 2018, the global production of these substances reached 167.9 billion litres (bioethanol and biodiesel together), consuming 16.1% of maize grain, 1.7% of wheat grain, 3.3% of grain of other feed grains and 13.5% of vegetable oil.

ACS Style

Krystyna Kurowska; Renata Marks-Bielska; Stanisław Bielski; Hubert Kryszk; Algirdas Jasinskas. Food Security in the Context of Liquid Biofuels Production. Energies 2020, 13, 6247 .

AMA Style

Krystyna Kurowska, Renata Marks-Bielska, Stanisław Bielski, Hubert Kryszk, Algirdas Jasinskas. Food Security in the Context of Liquid Biofuels Production. Energies. 2020; 13 (23):6247.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krystyna Kurowska; Renata Marks-Bielska; Stanisław Bielski; Hubert Kryszk; Algirdas Jasinskas. 2020. "Food Security in the Context of Liquid Biofuels Production." Energies 13, no. 23: 6247.

Journal article
Published: 07 September 2020 in Equilibrium
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Research background: In the last decade, the importance of institutions in determining economic processes and the economic growth is increasingly emphasized. Only a few papers deal with the efficiency of institutions, especially at a local level. Thus, a question arises whether the local authorities, in their pursuit of performing the assigned tasks, make every effort to attain a high level of efficiency? Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper was to determine the relationships between institutional efficiency and identified areas of stability achieved by local governments in their basic roles. Supplementary aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the type of a municipality (urban, rural or mixed urban-rural) and the efficiency and stability of undertaken tasks. A research hypothesis was put forth, assuming that the institutional efficiency of municipal governments depends on the level of stability in basic areas of activity pursued by a given municipality. Supplementary aim of this study was to analyze and assess the relationship between the type of a municipality (urban, rural or mixed urban-rural) and the efficiency and stability of undertaken tasks. Methods: An accumulated synthetic index of institutional efficiency and partial indices of efficiency in five areas: economic and spatial, financial, administrative, human resources management in municipal offices, provision of social, cultural and educational services, were derived from data acquired from public statistics (Local Data Bank) and from direct investigations conducted in 2015/2016 in 1220 municipalities out of 2479 ones present in Poland. The method for obtaining the index was linear ordering of multi-feature objects. Findings & Value added: The analyses have confirmed the hypothesis assuming that there is a relationship between the institutional efficiency of local governments and stability of the tasks they performed. These dependences varied in individual provinces of Poland. It is more beneficial for local governments to raise stability by attaining some improvement in these areas where it is low, but not at the expense of those areas where it is high. A specific group of municipalities consisted of urban-rural communities. Their complex and diverse structure must meet the challenge of performing their tasks in specific conditions (urban and rural areas).

ACS Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Wiesława Lizińska; Magdalena Wojarska; Karolina Babuchowska. Institutional efficiency versus stability of local governments in basic areas of activity: the case of Poland. Equilibrium 2020, 15, 463 -487.

AMA Style

Renata Marks-Bielska, Wiesława Lizińska, Magdalena Wojarska, Karolina Babuchowska. Institutional efficiency versus stability of local governments in basic areas of activity: the case of Poland. Equilibrium. 2020; 15 (3):463-487.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Wiesława Lizińska; Magdalena Wojarska; Karolina Babuchowska. 2020. "Institutional efficiency versus stability of local governments in basic areas of activity: the case of Poland." Equilibrium 15, no. 3: 463-487.

Journal article
Published: 05 September 2020 in Energies
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Exploitation of renewable energy sources for power generation has been more and more important in recent years. This results from the economic issues and the measures taken to ensure the energy security. The aim of this research was to determine the significance of renewable energy sources (RES) in the energy mix of Poland, and to elicit the opinions and the level of knowledge of the society on the use and development of non-conventional energy. The article also presents advantages and disadvantages of types of RES, the obstacles which hinder the progress of green energy in Poland, and the proposed measures to expand the share of the RES in the overall energy mix. The research relied on the statistical data gathered by Statistics Poland. The opinions of respondents were elicited through a diagnostic survey based on a questionnaire. The research has demonstrated that the respondents support the development of RES in Poland. However, they also maintain that the purchase and installation of devices for the production of non-conventional energy are too expensive. The respondents believe that in order to increase the number of green power plants, subsidies to encourage RES investment and tax reliefs related to this investment should be bigger.

ACS Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Stanisław Bielski; Katarzyna Pik; Krystyna Kurowska. The Importance of Renewable Energy Sources in Poland’s Energy Mix. Energies 2020, 13, 4624 .

AMA Style

Renata Marks-Bielska, Stanisław Bielski, Katarzyna Pik, Krystyna Kurowska. The Importance of Renewable Energy Sources in Poland’s Energy Mix. Energies. 2020; 13 (18):4624.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Stanisław Bielski; Katarzyna Pik; Krystyna Kurowska. 2020. "The Importance of Renewable Energy Sources in Poland’s Energy Mix." Energies 13, no. 18: 4624.

Journal article
Published: 29 June 2020 in Engineering Economics
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Institutional efficiency of local governments can be defined as permanent readiness to shape economic and social partnerships with both entrepreneurs and local residents, as well as a capacity to provide prompt and competent responses to expectations of business people willing to start or already conducting business in a given municipality. Evaluation of efficiency pertains to the ability of a local government to express its goals, to agree about these goals with the local community and to be efficient in making decisions. The results of international studies demonstrate that in the long run the quality of institutions determines the wealth of individual countries. Socio-economic development depends not only on the economic base and financial support opportunities but also on factors that involve institutions. Bearing above in mind the main purpose of this article was to diagnose the type, direction and extent of interactions between the level of development and institutional efficiency of local governments in Poland. To reach it, the research team used both secondary data (from public statistics) and original data (acquired through a survey study comprising 1,120 representatives of local authorities). The level of efficiency of local governments was assessed with a synthetic measure of efficiency (EFF), whereas development was measured with a synthetic development index (DEV). The results show that the local governments were in a rather unfavorable situation in terms of both efficiency and development. In both cases, the average value of the synthetic measure applied reached a value equal to 30% of the highest possible score. Research proved that there was a correlation relationship between EFF and DEV measures (r = 0.365). In addition, it turned out that the power of impact of development processes resulting in some improvement of efficiency is more intensive than the effect of efficient functioning of municipalities on the development processes that occur within them.

ACS Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Magdalena Wojarska; Wiesława Lizińska; Karolina Babuchowska. Local Economic Development in the Context of the Institutional Efficiency of Local Governments. Engineering Economics 2020, 31, 323 -333.

AMA Style

Renata Marks-Bielska, Magdalena Wojarska, Wiesława Lizińska, Karolina Babuchowska. Local Economic Development in the Context of the Institutional Efficiency of Local Governments. Engineering Economics. 2020; 31 (3):323-333.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Magdalena Wojarska; Wiesława Lizińska; Karolina Babuchowska. 2020. "Local Economic Development in the Context of the Institutional Efficiency of Local Governments." Engineering Economics 31, no. 3: 323-333.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2020 in Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia
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Research background: The development of business on a local level depends on a variety of factors, which as is often the case are shaped by the local authorities. An example of activities carried out by local governments in order to help develop businesses is the management of the spatial resources in a given municipality in such a way as to facilitate starting and developing companies. Purpose: The principal objective of this study has been to identify how local authorities and businessmen perceive the role of conditions associated with the municipality’s spatial policy in terms of starting and conducting a business. Research methodology: The research results rely on primary data acquired by conducting a survey based on a questionnaire designed by the authors. Results: The results permitted to demonstrate differences and similarities among the opinions of our respondents concerning factors linked to the spatial policy of a municipality that have an impact on decisions to set up and develop companies. Among the location factors, the most important ones, according to both local governments and businessmen, were the state of the local infrastructure, such as IT, transportation, communication, waterworks and sewers, power supply. Novelty: The confrontation of the replies provided by local authorities and by entrepreneurs concerns spatial policy, and the territorial scope of the research covering the whole of Poland, the different types of enterprises from various branches are the innovative element of the study.

ACS Style

Izabela Rogalska; Renata Marks-Bielska. Measures Implemented by Local Authorities, Particularly in the Sphere of Spatial Policy, and Its Impact on Setting Up and Developing Companies – Opinions Comparison. Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 2020, 20, 302 -318.

AMA Style

Izabela Rogalska, Renata Marks-Bielska. Measures Implemented by Local Authorities, Particularly in the Sphere of Spatial Policy, and Its Impact on Setting Up and Developing Companies – Opinions Comparison. Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia. 2020; 20 (1):302-318.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Izabela Rogalska; Renata Marks-Bielska. 2020. "Measures Implemented by Local Authorities, Particularly in the Sphere of Spatial Policy, and Its Impact on Setting Up and Developing Companies – Opinions Comparison." Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 20, no. 1: 302-318.

Journal article
Published: 26 March 2020 in Land Use Policy
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The protection of agricultural land and forests is a relatively new concept in Poland, and it began with forest protection in the 1920s. The first regulations on the protection of agricultural land were introduced only in the 1960s. Agricultural land and forests received comprehensive protection pursuant to the provisions of the Act of 26 October 1977 on the protection of agricultural land, forests and land recultivation. This legal act set the foundations for the protection of farmland and forests in successive decades. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of farmland and forest protection on spatial planning and to highlight the loss of agricultural and forest land resulting from conversion to other purposes. Legal regulations pertaining to spatial planning and the protection of agricultural and land forests were analysed. The scale of the problem was identified, and future land-use types were forecast based on the data developed by Statistics Poland (GUS). The existing spatial plans (municipal master plan - MMP) were analysed to determine the conversion loss index (CLI) associated with the conversion of agricultural land and forests to other uses. Legal regulations pertaining to the protection of agricultural land and forests were also analysed, and the extent of the relevant conversion measures was determined. The study demonstrated that urban development and the inevitable urbanization of rural areas contribute to the loss of agricultural and forest land that are converted to other uses.

ACS Style

Krystyna Kurowska; Hubert Kryszk; Renata Marks-Bielska; Monika Mika; Przemysław Leń. Conversion of agricultural and forest land to other purposes in the context of land protection: Evidence from Polish experience. Land Use Policy 2020, 95, 104614 .

AMA Style

Krystyna Kurowska, Hubert Kryszk, Renata Marks-Bielska, Monika Mika, Przemysław Leń. Conversion of agricultural and forest land to other purposes in the context of land protection: Evidence from Polish experience. Land Use Policy. 2020; 95 ():104614.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krystyna Kurowska; Hubert Kryszk; Renata Marks-Bielska; Monika Mika; Przemysław Leń. 2020. "Conversion of agricultural and forest land to other purposes in the context of land protection: Evidence from Polish experience." Land Use Policy 95, no. : 104614.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2020 in Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne
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Summary Subject and purpose of work: The aim of this paper was to identify how students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn perceived food security at household level. It was verified whether selected students were able to define properly the terms connected with the topic and how food safety was assessed. Materials and methods: The survey was performed using a questionnaire as the research tool. The survey was conducted at three faculties in the following courses of studies: economics, law, and bioengineering of food production. Statistical data were included. Results: Most of the respondents considered food security at household level in Poland to be at a satisfying level. In most respondent’s households, expenditure on food in relation to income was at a higher level than the national average. Conclusions: Food security in the households of the surveyed students was ensured. The economic availability of food in the analysed households was good, as most respondents were able to purchase high quality food products.

ACS Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Inga Zenkova; Aneta Parzonka; Damian Opalach. Perception of Food Security at Household Level by Students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 2020, 13, 33 -46.

AMA Style

Renata Marks-Bielska, Inga Zenkova, Aneta Parzonka, Damian Opalach. Perception of Food Security at Household Level by Students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne. 2020; 13 (1):33-46.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Inga Zenkova; Aneta Parzonka; Damian Opalach. 2020. "Perception of Food Security at Household Level by Students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn." Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 13, no. 1: 33-46.

Journal article
Published: 29 August 2019 in Sustainability
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Biomass is playing an increasingly important role as a source of renewable energy. The aim of this study has been to identify the potential applicability of straw from agricultural crops to generate energy within the district of Braniewo, in the province Warmia and Mazury, Poland. The study covered the years 2015 to 2017. Based on statistical data, and using appropriate equations and norms, the structure of crop production and the number of livestock in the mentioned district were analysed; the potential production volume of straw was estimated, from which the amount needed for animal production (feed and bedding) was deducted, while the organic substance balance in soil was calculated. An annual average amount of straw remaining to be used for energy purposes in the district of Braniewo is about 41,531 t of straw, equivalent to about 60,222 GJ of energy (24,088 t of coal). In addition to the above analyses, a survey was conducted among local farmers, which showed their opinions about barriers to and opportunities for growing crops for energy purposes and using renewable energy resources. The survey results justify the claim that there is certain potential among farmers in the district of Braniewo to grow crops for energy purposes.

ACS Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Stanisław Bielski; Anastasija Novikova; Kęstutis Romaneckas. Straw Stocks as a Source of Renewable Energy. A Case Study of a District in Poland. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4714 .

AMA Style

Renata Marks-Bielska, Stanisław Bielski, Anastasija Novikova, Kęstutis Romaneckas. Straw Stocks as a Source of Renewable Energy. A Case Study of a District in Poland. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (17):4714.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Stanisław Bielski; Anastasija Novikova; Kęstutis Romaneckas. 2019. "Straw Stocks as a Source of Renewable Energy. A Case Study of a District in Poland." Sustainability 11, no. 17: 4714.

Journal article
Published: 28 June 2019 in Olsztyn Economic Journal
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The aim of the research and analysis was to identify the factors which contribute to stimulating entrepreneurial spirit among women. Special attention was paid to German women who had undertaken business activity in Poland. Based on a survey, it was determined that apart from such barriers to developing business as experienced by all businessmen (e.g. ensuring cash flows, having a sound knowledge of laws and regulations connected with business, and being competitive in the market), a female entrepreneur must meet other challenges arising from the position of a woman in society. Women’s determination in the pursuit of business did not depend on gender or émigré status, but on their willingness to start a business in a culturally foreign environment. The respondents emphasized that they were highly active and goal-oriented. Women would rather be perceived as entrepreneurs than as women or migrants, because the characteristics assigned to the two latter roles do not coincide with the typical image of ‘male entrepreneurship’.

ACS Style

Renata Marks-Bielska. Factors underlying the economic migration of German women to Poland. Olsztyn Economic Journal 2019, 14, 145 -155.

AMA Style

Renata Marks-Bielska. Factors underlying the economic migration of German women to Poland. Olsztyn Economic Journal. 2019; 14 (2):145-155.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renata Marks-Bielska. 2019. "Factors underlying the economic migration of German women to Poland." Olsztyn Economic Journal 14, no. 2: 145-155.

Proceedings article
Published: 08 May 2019 in Economic Science for Rural Development
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ACS Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; University of Warmia and Mazury; Magdalena Wojarska; Izabela Serocka. Importance of measures taken by local authorities for development of entrepreneurship – a case study of rural municipalities in Poland. Economic Science for Rural Development 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Renata Marks-Bielska, University of Warmia and Mazury, Magdalena Wojarska, Izabela Serocka. Importance of measures taken by local authorities for development of entrepreneurship – a case study of rural municipalities in Poland. Economic Science for Rural Development. 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; University of Warmia and Mazury; Magdalena Wojarska; Izabela Serocka. 2019. "Importance of measures taken by local authorities for development of entrepreneurship – a case study of rural municipalities in Poland." Economic Science for Rural Development , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 21 March 2019 in Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia
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The objective of this study has been to diagnose differences in the level of entrepreneurship in municipalities of the Warmińsko-Mazurskie Province in 2010–2017. Among the 116 municipalities in this province, the highest average entrepreneurship rate was observed in the municipalities of Olsztyn, Stawiguda and Dywity; the lowest one was in Górowo Iławeckie, Kalinowo and Lelkowo. In the municipalities with the highest level of entrepreneurship, the diagnosed rates were as much as four-fold higher than the lowest ones. Compared with the average entrepreneurship rate among all Polish municipalities, as many as 93.10% of the municipalities in the Warmińsko-Mazurskie Province scored lower. The authors have also made an attempt to verify if there is any dependence between the level of investment expenses incurred by a municipality and its level of entrepreneurship. A moderate relationship has been identified, and it was stronger in the distinguished group of 15 municipalities with the lowest and 15 with the highest investment outlays.

ACS Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Damian Opalach. DIFFERENCES IN THE LEVEL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AMONG MUNICIPALITIES OF THE WARMIŃSKO-MAZURSKIE PROVINCE IN POLAND. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 2019, 18, 53 -62.

AMA Style

Renata Marks-Bielska, Damian Opalach. DIFFERENCES IN THE LEVEL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AMONG MUNICIPALITIES OF THE WARMIŃSKO-MAZURSKIE PROVINCE IN POLAND. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia. 2019; 18 (1):53-62.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renata Marks-Bielska; Damian Opalach. 2019. "DIFFERENCES IN THE LEVEL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AMONG MUNICIPALITIES OF THE WARMIŃSKO-MAZURSKIE PROVINCE IN POLAND." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 18, no. 1: 53-62.

Journal article
Published: 10 July 2018 in Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej
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The aim of the study was to identify the importance of the evolution of land resources in shaping the social structure. The analysis was based on selected references from the Polish literature on the subject. The time range covers the years 1944–2016. Land plays an important role in shaping the social structure of the Polish countryside. The size of a farm used to be the primary criterion for social status in the countryside and among farmers. Currently, a position in the social structure of the Polish rural communities is highly determined by the area of farmed land (owned or leased). The situation of agricultural land users is changing. These are not only people who identify themselves with the profession of a farmer. The social structure composition in the Polish countryside comprises more and more people who are farmers in the light of law (they have the required acreage of agricultural land) but they do not reside in the countryside. Another group consists of so-called absent owners, who are connected with a village by possessing in it some agricultural land, but it is often treated as an investment (an increase in land prices and the possibility of receiving subsidies from the European Union and from the national budget). As a result of Poland’s political transformation, the social structure of rural communities now also comprises leases and buyers of land acquired by the Agricultural Property of the Treasury from former state farms.

ACS Style

Renata Marks-Bielska. Znaczenia ziemi rolniczej w kształtowaniu struktury społecznej polskiej wsi. Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej 2018, 29 -41.

AMA Style

Renata Marks-Bielska. Znaczenia ziemi rolniczej w kształtowaniu struktury społecznej polskiej wsi. Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej. 2018; (122):29-41.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renata Marks-Bielska. 2018. "Znaczenia ziemi rolniczej w kształtowaniu struktury społecznej polskiej wsi." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej , no. 122: 29-41.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2018 in Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia
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As the socio-economic reality is growing increasingly complex, the role of local governments in the management of events and processes occurring in local communities gains importance. Considering the fact that the basic task of local authorities is to stimulate the growth and development of a given local entity, an analysis was undertaken to the aim of assessing the relationship between the level of local development and the institutional efficiency of local self-governments and vice versa, in a regional approach (NUTS 2). To achieve this aim, mixed data were analysed, that is raw data (acquired via survey from 1,220 municipalities) and secondary data (from the database of the Local Data Bank). The efficiency of local governments was measured with an aggregate factor EFF, while the level of development was assessed with the DEV measure. The results indicate that the local governments did rather poorly in terms of both efficiency and development. In both cases, the mean value of the applied synthetic measures reached no more than 30% of the maximum attainable score. The basic tools in the research were correlation and regression analysis. Both procedures demonstrated the presence of a relationship between the two analysed categories (r = 0.365). Moreover, the analysis of regression showed that the impact of developmental processes on the improvement of efficiency of local governments was stronger that the influence of improved efficiency on developmental processes occurring in the analysed municipalities.

ACS Style

Magdalena Wojarska; Karolina Babuchowska; Wiesława Lizińska; Renata Marks-Bielska. INSTITUTION EFFICIENCY VERSUS THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS (A STUDY AT THE LEVEL OF POLAND’S REGIONAL DIVISION). Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 2018, 17, 133 -144.

AMA Style

Magdalena Wojarska, Karolina Babuchowska, Wiesława Lizińska, Renata Marks-Bielska. INSTITUTION EFFICIENCY VERSUS THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS (A STUDY AT THE LEVEL OF POLAND’S REGIONAL DIVISION). Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia. 2018; 17 (2):133-144.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Wojarska; Karolina Babuchowska; Wiesława Lizińska; Renata Marks-Bielska. 2018. "INSTITUTION EFFICIENCY VERSUS THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS (A STUDY AT THE LEVEL OF POLAND’S REGIONAL DIVISION)." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 17, no. 2: 133-144.