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Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of all cancer-related deaths. Despite major improvements in treating PC, low survival rate remains a major challenge, indicating the need for alternative approaches, including herbal medicine. Among medicinal plants is Ziziphus nummularia (family Rhamnaceae), which is a thorny shrub rich in bioactive molecules. Leaves of Ziziphus nummularia have been used to treat many pathological conditions, including cancer. However, their effects on human PC are still unknown. Here, we show that the treatment of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells (Capan-2) with Ziziphus nummularia ethanolic extract (ZNE) (100–300 μg/mL) attenuated cell proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine, an ROS scavenger, attenuated the anti-proliferative effect of ZNE. In addition, ZNE significantly decreased the migratory and invasive capacity of Capan-2 with a concomitant downregulation of integrin α2 and increased cell–cell aggregation. In addition, ZNE inhibited in ovo angiogenesis as well as reduced VEGF and nitric oxide levels. Furthermore, ZNE downregulated the ERK1/2 and NF-κB signaling pathways, which are known to drive tumorigenic and metastatic events. Taken together, our results suggest that ZNE can attenuate the malignant phenotype of Capan-2 by inhibiting hallmarks of PC. Our data also provide evidence for the potential anticancer effect of Ziziphus nummularia, which may represent a new resource of novel anticancer compounds, especially ones that can be utilized for the management of PC.
Joelle Mesmar; Manal Fardoun; Rola Abdallah; Yusra Al Dhaheri; Hadi Yassine; Rabah Iratni; Adnan Badran; Ali Eid; Elias Baydoun. Ziziphus nummularia Attenuates the Malignant Phenotype of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells: Role of ROS. Molecules 2021, 26, 4295 .
AMA StyleJoelle Mesmar, Manal Fardoun, Rola Abdallah, Yusra Al Dhaheri, Hadi Yassine, Rabah Iratni, Adnan Badran, Ali Eid, Elias Baydoun. Ziziphus nummularia Attenuates the Malignant Phenotype of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells: Role of ROS. Molecules. 2021; 26 (14):4295.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoelle Mesmar; Manal Fardoun; Rola Abdallah; Yusra Al Dhaheri; Hadi Yassine; Rabah Iratni; Adnan Badran; Ali Eid; Elias Baydoun. 2021. "Ziziphus nummularia Attenuates the Malignant Phenotype of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells: Role of ROS." Molecules 26, no. 14: 4295.
Reliable diagnostic methods are mandatory for effective management of Helicobacter pylori infection. Histology and culture are the most common invasive methods in current practice, even if molecular methods are gaining in importance. The performance of these conventional methods varies significantly. We conducted a retrospective study of 1540 adults and 504 children with gastric biopsies taken during endoscopy to assess the impact of bacterial load and the cagA virulence factor on the performance of H. pylori infection testing. The association between virulence and histology findings was also investigated. With 23S rRNA qPCR confirmed by glmM amplification as the gold standard, culture and histology had lower sensitivity, 74.4% and 73.3%, respectively. However, their sensitivity was enhanced (>90%) in biopsies with high bacterial load (qPCR Ct < 30). Positive cagA status of the strain was associated with high bacterial load (94.9%), thus resulting in more frequent positive culture (94.3%) and H. pylori histology detection (91.7%) and more severe lesions on histology (p< 0.001). Conversely, the cagA status of the strains was negative in 110/119 (92.4%) of biopsies with low bacterial load (qPCR Ct < 30), 82/90 (91.1%) with negative H. pylori histology detection and 119/131 (90%) with negative culture findings (p< 0.001). This study highlights the low sensitivity of conventional culture and histology that may lead to false negative diagnosis if used alone. H. pylori quantification associated with cagA genotyping in routine workflow are essential for a sensitive and reliable diagnosis, to identify patients at high risk and to manage eradication therapies.
Nabil Gastli; Margaux Allain; Dominique Lamarque; Vered Abitbol; Annick Billoët; Gislène Collobert; Romain Coriat; Benoit Terris; Nicolas Kalach; Josette Raymond. Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in a Routine Testing Workflow: Effect of Bacterial Load and Virulence Factors. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2021, 10, 2755 .
AMA StyleNabil Gastli, Margaux Allain, Dominique Lamarque, Vered Abitbol, Annick Billoët, Gislène Collobert, Romain Coriat, Benoit Terris, Nicolas Kalach, Josette Raymond. Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in a Routine Testing Workflow: Effect of Bacterial Load and Virulence Factors. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10 (13):2755.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNabil Gastli; Margaux Allain; Dominique Lamarque; Vered Abitbol; Annick Billoët; Gislène Collobert; Romain Coriat; Benoit Terris; Nicolas Kalach; Josette Raymond. 2021. "Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in a Routine Testing Workflow: Effect of Bacterial Load and Virulence Factors." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 13: 2755.
Governments set and administer public policy, and exercise executive, political, and sovereign power via laws, institutions, and custom and practice. Almost all have legislative, executive, and judiciary branches. At a national level, governments determine the operating environment for universities and can constrain and even damage development and competitiveness of both higher education and the national economy. Local governments can also influence universities in their sphere of operation. Governments can directly affect university quality, relevance of teaching and research, student employability, and the extent to which university-derived innovation and entrepreneurship can flourish. Of the diverse forms of government in the world, western-style, liberal and essentially free-market democracies have provided the best operating environments for universities and their graduates and postgraduates. Political and economic stability coupled to free speech and strong measures to control corruption are of paramount importance to the functioning of universities in the global economy. Universities vary widely in their types of governance, ownership (public sector or not-for-profit, or profit-making in the private sector), age, size, financial resilience, reputation, contributions to society and the economy, existence of commercial arms and satellite bodies, the extent and breadth of research conducted, the amount of autonomy they have from government, recruitment of international staff and students, ethnic and religious influences, bureaucracy, value for money, quality assurance and relevance assessments, embedded integrity, and degree of competitiveness. As a consequence, there is no single best governance model for universities. Nevertheless, the quality of a university and whether or not it really meets the internationally accepted definition of a university is shaped by the quality of its governance, staff, and student-body while appreciating that finance lies at the heart of whether or not the institution can survive. Meeting the oft-unwritten social contracts with the host country and its students is determined by the quality and relevance of education and research carried out, and importantly, the encouragement and facilitation of innovation, creativity, novelty, and entrepreneurship. The employability of graduates and postgraduates is a crucially important indicator of the true value of a university. Reputation and international rankings of higher-education institutions are directly affected by the quality and integrity of their boards, trustees, governing bodies, and so on, and also of those occupying key leadership positions. Institutional reputations can be destroyed by a wide range of inappropriate behaviours, or even the perception of such behaviours. Thus, the mission, vision, adaptability, and capacity of higher-education institutions to deliver the societal needs are dependent on the quality of both national governments and university governance. No Arab country functions as a western-style liberal democracy with strong public finances, robust civil-society institutions, and essentially free markets. Most Arab countries have high levels of poverty and are politically unstable. Various forms of corruption can be endemic. Arab countries are not able to provide solutions or adapt to the existential threat of climate change or major health issues such as pandemics and pollution. For some of these countries, university autonomy is regarded as a threat. Yet, in order for universities, research institutes, and other institutions of higher education to thrive in the Arab world and contribute to national growth and prosperity, there is a need for much greater institutional autonomy that they currently have. This increased freedom to operate requires legislation that encourages innovation, entrepreneurship, respects intellectual property, and invests in lifelong learning. Universities in turn must accept independent assessments of the quality and relevance of their education and research. Senior civil servants, political advisors, and politicians must be capable of appreciating the potential of the rapidly developing raft of transformative technologies, and should consult the intellectual resources in higher-education institutions for guidance in generating and implementing policy. There should also be consultations with regional partners to establish advanced regional research facilities as well as developing functional links with international agencies monitoring, stimulating, and funding education and research. In order for all institutions of higher education to produce employer-ready graduates and postgraduates, and innovators and entrepreneurs, the education and research they offer should demonstrate quality, be relevant to the needs of employers and society more generally, and offer value for money. Their boards or governing bodies should comprise individuals of high moral and ethical standing and committed to the precepts of advanced scholarship and societal improvement. They must ensure that the institution has a viable mission and suitable performance targets, including the fight against corruption. Those in leadership positions throughout these institutions must be of demonstrable competence, integrity, ambition, and vision. To these attributes, the ability to adapt to change is a prerequisite, especially as numerous new technologies, forms of employment, and economic models evolve. There is now greater awareness of the need to focus on the institutional governance processes. Many of those in senior positions were appointed on the basis of attributes unrelated to their managerial and governance competencies. Large numbers of unemployed and underemployed graduates and postgraduates testify to underperforming, sometimes irrelevant, resource- and time-wasting education and research. No wonder governments can be disappointed with universities in their bailiwicks, and be...
John R. Hillman; Elias Baydoun. Review of the Roles of Governments and Universities and Their Interrelationships: An Urgent Need for Governance Reform in the Arab World. Higher Education in the Arab World 2020, 1 -79.
AMA StyleJohn R. Hillman, Elias Baydoun. Review of the Roles of Governments and Universities and Their Interrelationships: An Urgent Need for Governance Reform in the Arab World. Higher Education in the Arab World. 2020; ():1-79.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn R. Hillman; Elias Baydoun. 2020. "Review of the Roles of Governments and Universities and Their Interrelationships: An Urgent Need for Governance Reform in the Arab World." Higher Education in the Arab World , no. : 1-79.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are natural byproducts of oxygen metabolism in the cell. At physiological levels, they play a vital role in cell signaling. However, high ROS levels cause oxidative stress, which is implicated in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and restenosis after angioplasty. Despite the great amount of research conducted to identify the role of ROS in CVD, the image is still far from being complete. A common event in CVD pathophysiology is the switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. Interestingly, oxidative stress is a major contributor to this phenotypic switch. In this review, we focus on the effect of ROS on the hallmarks of VSMC phenotypic switch, particularly proliferation and migration. In addition, we speculate on the underlying molecular mechanisms of these cellular events. Along these lines, the impact of ROS on the expression of contractile markers of VSMCs is discussed in depth. We conclude by commenting on the efficiency of antioxidants as CVD therapies.
Adnan Badran; Suzanne A. Nasser; Joelle Mesmar; Ahmed F. El-Yazbi; Alessandra Bitto; Manal M. Fardoun; Elias Baydoun; Ali H. Eid. Reactive Oxygen Species: Modulators of Phenotypic Switch of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 8764 .
AMA StyleAdnan Badran, Suzanne A. Nasser, Joelle Mesmar, Ahmed F. El-Yazbi, Alessandra Bitto, Manal M. Fardoun, Elias Baydoun, Ali H. Eid. Reactive Oxygen Species: Modulators of Phenotypic Switch of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (22):8764.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdnan Badran; Suzanne A. Nasser; Joelle Mesmar; Ahmed F. El-Yazbi; Alessandra Bitto; Manal M. Fardoun; Elias Baydoun; Ali H. Eid. 2020. "Reactive Oxygen Species: Modulators of Phenotypic Switch of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 22: 8764.
Cancer continues to be a prime contributor to global mortality. Despite tremendous research efforts and major advances in cancer therapy, much remains to be learned about the underlying molecular mechanisms of this debilitating disease. A better understanding of the key signaling events driving the malignant phenotype of cancer cells may help identify new pharmaco-targets. Cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) modulates a plethora of biological processes, including those that are characteristic of malignant cells. Over the years, most cAMP-mediated actions were attributed to the activity of its effector protein kinase A (PKA). However, studies have revealed an important role for the exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) as another effector mediating the actions of cAMP. In cancer, Epac appears to have a dual role in regulating cellular processes that are essential for carcinogenesis. In addition, the development of Epac modulators offered new routes to further explore the role of this cAMP effector and its downstream pathways in cancer. In this review, the potentials of Epac as an attractive target in the fight against cancer are depicted. Additionally, the role of Epac in cancer progression, namely its effect on cancer cell proliferation, migration/metastasis, and apoptosis, with the possible interaction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in these phenomena, is discussed with emphasis on the underlying mechanisms and pathways.
Nadine Wehbe; Hasan Slika; Joelle Mesmar; Suzanne A. Nasser; Gianfranco Pintus; Serine Baydoun; Adnan Badran; Firas Kobeissy; Ali H. Eid; Elias Baydoun. The Role of Epac in Cancer Progression. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 6489 .
AMA StyleNadine Wehbe, Hasan Slika, Joelle Mesmar, Suzanne A. Nasser, Gianfranco Pintus, Serine Baydoun, Adnan Badran, Firas Kobeissy, Ali H. Eid, Elias Baydoun. The Role of Epac in Cancer Progression. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (18):6489.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNadine Wehbe; Hasan Slika; Joelle Mesmar; Suzanne A. Nasser; Gianfranco Pintus; Serine Baydoun; Adnan Badran; Firas Kobeissy; Ali H. Eid; Elias Baydoun. 2020. "The Role of Epac in Cancer Progression." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 18: 6489.
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are major components of blood vessels. They regulate physiological functions, such as vascular tone and blood flow. Under pathological conditions, VSMCs undergo a remodeling process known as phenotypic switching. During this process, VSMCs lose their contractility and acquire a synthetic phenotype, where they over-proliferate and migrate from the tunica media to the tunica interna, contributing to the occlusion of blood vessels. Since their discovery as effector proteins of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP), exchange proteins activated by cAMP (EPACs) have been shown to play vital roles in a plethora of pathways in different cell systems. While extensive research to identify the role of EPAC in the vasculature has been conducted, much remains to be explored to resolve the reported discordance in EPAC’s effects. In this paper, we review the role of EPAC in VSMCs, namely its regulation of the vascular tone and phenotypic switching, with the likely involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the interplay between EPAC and its targets/effectors.
Nadine Wehbe; Suzanne Awni Nasser; Yusra Al-Dhaheri; Rabah Iratni; Alessandra Bitto; Ahmed F. El-Yazbi; Adnan Badran; Firas Kobeissy; Elias Baydoun; Ali H. Eid. EPAC in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 5160 .
AMA StyleNadine Wehbe, Suzanne Awni Nasser, Yusra Al-Dhaheri, Rabah Iratni, Alessandra Bitto, Ahmed F. El-Yazbi, Adnan Badran, Firas Kobeissy, Elias Baydoun, Ali H. Eid. EPAC in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (14):5160.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNadine Wehbe; Suzanne Awni Nasser; Yusra Al-Dhaheri; Rabah Iratni; Alessandra Bitto; Ahmed F. El-Yazbi; Adnan Badran; Firas Kobeissy; Elias Baydoun; Ali H. Eid. 2020. "EPAC in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14: 5160.
Background Helicobacter pylori (H pylori ) is responsible for various diseases including cancer It co‐evolved with humans, and human migrations shaped the expansion and the diversity of strains around the world. The risk of developing a disease depends on virulence factors, mainly the cytotoxin‐associated gene A protein (CagA). The aim of this study was to determine the cagA status in H pylori strains from Mauritanian patients and to search for a relationship with endoscopic and histologic findings. Material and methods H pylori was searched in gastric biopsies taken during endoscopy in patients with gastro‐duodenal symptoms. RT‐PCR was used for the diagnosis and resistance to clarithromycin. The cagA status was determined with PCR and the EPIYA‐cagA polymorphism with sequencing. Results At all, 76/78 (97.4%) biopsies were positive. The rate of clarithromycin resistance was 4/76 (5.26%) due to the A2143G mutation, with a mixed population in 2 cases. The cagA gene was present in 23/76 (30.26%) biopsies, and the EPIYA motif was ABC in 21 (91.3%). High bacterial load and inflammation were significantly associated with cagA‐positive status (P < .01). Phylogenetic analysis of the glmM and hspA genes highlighted a mixture of African and European genes in strains of H pylori isolated from patients of Moor origin. Conclusion We report a high prevalence of H pylori infection in Mauritanian patients, a low rate of clarithromycin resistance (5.26%) and high bacterial load and inflammation associated with cagA‐positive status. The phylogenetic analysis highlights the mix of different populations leading to the Moor ethnicity.
Fatimetou Khiddi; Mohamed Val Mohamed Abdellahi; Mohamed Abdallah Horma; Annick Billoet; Ghislaine Collobert; Ahmed Mohamed Amar; Hachem Demine Moctar Nech; El Heiba Mohamed Vadel; Ahmed Houmeida; Josette Raymond; Catherine Dauga; Nabil Gastli. Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mauritanian patients. Helicobacter 2020, 25, e12726 .
AMA StyleFatimetou Khiddi, Mohamed Val Mohamed Abdellahi, Mohamed Abdallah Horma, Annick Billoet, Ghislaine Collobert, Ahmed Mohamed Amar, Hachem Demine Moctar Nech, El Heiba Mohamed Vadel, Ahmed Houmeida, Josette Raymond, Catherine Dauga, Nabil Gastli. Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mauritanian patients. Helicobacter. 2020; 25 (5):e12726.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFatimetou Khiddi; Mohamed Val Mohamed Abdellahi; Mohamed Abdallah Horma; Annick Billoet; Ghislaine Collobert; Ahmed Mohamed Amar; Hachem Demine Moctar Nech; El Heiba Mohamed Vadel; Ahmed Houmeida; Josette Raymond; Catherine Dauga; Nabil Gastli. 2020. "Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mauritanian patients." Helicobacter 25, no. 5: e12726.
Biotransformation of an orally active contraceptive drug, desogestrel (1), with Cunninghamella elegans yielded a new metabolite, 13β-ethyl-11-methylene-18,19-dinor-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yn-17β-ol-3,6-dione (2), along with five known metabolites, i.e., 13β-ethyl-11-methylene-18,19-dinor-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yn-3β,6β,17β-triol (3), 13β-ethyl-11-methylene-18,19-dinor-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yn-6β,17β-diol-3-one (4), 13β-ethyl-11-methylene-18,19-dinor-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yn-17β-ol-3-one (5), 13β-ethyl-11-epoxy-18,19-dinor-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yn-17β-ol-3-one (6), and 13β-ethyl-11-methylene-18,19-dinor-17α-pregn-4-en-20-yn-10β,17β-diol-3-one (7). The structure of new metabolite 2 was elucidated by using 1H-, 13C-, and 2D-NMR, EI-, and HREI-MS, IR, and UV spectroscopic data. Compounds 1–7 were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activities, i.e., inhibition of T-cell proliferation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α). Compounds 1 (IC50 = 1.12 ± 0.03 µg/mL), 2 (IC50 = 1.15 ± 0.05 µg/mL), 3 (IC50 = 1.15 ± 0.05 µg/mL), 4 (IC50 = 1.40 ± 0.03 µg/mL), 5 (IC50 = 1.78 ± 0.08 µg/mL), and 6 (IC50 = 1.36 ± 0.07 µg/mL) were identified as potent inhibitors of T-cells proliferation, in comparison to the standard drug, prednisolone (IC50 = 3.51 ± 0.03 µg/mL). Compound 7 (IC50 = 6.18 ± 0.04 µg/mL) showed a good activity. In addition, substrate 1 (IC50 ≤ 1 µg/mL), and its metabolites 2 (IC50 = 4.1 ± 0.60 µg/mL), and 6 (IC50 = 6.8 ± 0.8 µg/mL) also showed a potent inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) production, as compared to the standards drug, pentoxifilline (IC50 = 94.8 ± 2.1 µg/mL). Whereas compounds 3 (IC50 = 57.9 ± 7.6 µg/mL), and 5 (IC50 = 27.2 ± 6.8 µg/mL) showed a moderate inhibition of TNF-α production, while compounds 4 and 7 showed no inhibition. Compounds 1–7 were found to be non-cytotoxic to 3T3 normal cell line (mouse fibroblast).
Iman Ibrahim; Atia- Tul- Wahab; Nisha Khan; Mahwish Siddiqui; El Hassan Ajandouz; Almas Jabeen; Joelle Mesmar; Elias Baydoun; M. Iqbal Choudhary. Biotransformation of contraceptive drug desogestrel with Cunninghamella elegans, and anti-inflammatory activity of its metabolites. Steroids 2020, 162, 108694 .
AMA StyleIman Ibrahim, Atia- Tul- Wahab, Nisha Khan, Mahwish Siddiqui, El Hassan Ajandouz, Almas Jabeen, Joelle Mesmar, Elias Baydoun, M. Iqbal Choudhary. Biotransformation of contraceptive drug desogestrel with Cunninghamella elegans, and anti-inflammatory activity of its metabolites. Steroids. 2020; 162 ():108694.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIman Ibrahim; Atia- Tul- Wahab; Nisha Khan; Mahwish Siddiqui; El Hassan Ajandouz; Almas Jabeen; Joelle Mesmar; Elias Baydoun; M. Iqbal Choudhary. 2020. "Biotransformation of contraceptive drug desogestrel with Cunninghamella elegans, and anti-inflammatory activity of its metabolites." Steroids 162, no. : 108694.
The biological activities of berberine, a natural plant molecule, are known to be affected by structural modifications, mostly at position 9 and/or 13. A series of new 13-substituted berberine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated in term of antimicrobial activity using various microorganisms associated to human diseases. Contrarily to the original molecule berberine, several derivatives were found strongly active in microbial sensitivity tests against Mycobacterium, Candida albicans and Gram-positive bacteria, including naïve or resistant Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.12 to 6.25 µM. Among the various Gram-negative strains tested, berberine’s derivatives were only found active on Helicobacter pylori and Vibrio alginolyticus (MIC values of 1.5–3.12 µM). Cytotoxicity assays performed on human cells showed that the antimicrobial berberine derivatives caused low toxicity resulting in good therapeutic index values. In addition, a mechanistic approach demonstrated that, contrarily to already known berberine derivatives causing either membrane permeabilization, DNA fragmentation or interacting with FtsZ protein, active derivatives described in this study act through inhibition of the synthesis of peptidoglycan or RNA. Overall, this study shows that these new berberine derivatives can be considered as potent and safe anti-bacterial agents active on human pathogenic microorganisms, including ones resistant to conventional antibiotics.
Hamza Olleik; Taher Yacoub; Laurent Hoffer; Senankpon Martial Gnansounou; Kehna Benhaiem-Henry; Cendrine Nicoletti; Malika Mekhalfi; Valerie Pique; Josette Perrier; Akram Hijazi; Elias Baydoun; Josette Raymond; Philippe Piccerelle; Marc Maresca; Maxime Robin. Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activities of 13-Substituted Berberine Derivatives. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 381 .
AMA StyleHamza Olleik, Taher Yacoub, Laurent Hoffer, Senankpon Martial Gnansounou, Kehna Benhaiem-Henry, Cendrine Nicoletti, Malika Mekhalfi, Valerie Pique, Josette Perrier, Akram Hijazi, Elias Baydoun, Josette Raymond, Philippe Piccerelle, Marc Maresca, Maxime Robin. Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activities of 13-Substituted Berberine Derivatives. Antibiotics. 2020; 9 (7):381.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHamza Olleik; Taher Yacoub; Laurent Hoffer; Senankpon Martial Gnansounou; Kehna Benhaiem-Henry; Cendrine Nicoletti; Malika Mekhalfi; Valerie Pique; Josette Perrier; Akram Hijazi; Elias Baydoun; Josette Raymond; Philippe Piccerelle; Marc Maresca; Maxime Robin. 2020. "Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activities of 13-Substituted Berberine Derivatives." Antibiotics 9, no. 7: 381.
In a series of 16 chapters, this book reviews the concepts and processes required to promote and inculcate a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship in the higher-education sector. If the Arab world is to participate fully in the global knowledge economy, it requires its universities and related institutions to realise the full potential of their staff and students and to embrace opportunities for wealth creation and social advancement. Drawing on their experience, the 23 authors provide specific advice on intellectual property, university-associated business and science parks, the quality and societal relevance of teaching and research, leadership, administrative improvements to develop compensation models, opportunities for innovation, and interacting with wider society to deliver start-up businesses and links with industry and commerce. The roles of governments to facilitate innovation and entrepreneurship are also considered.
Adnan Badran; Elias Baydoun; John R. Hillman. Introduction. Higher Education in the Arab World 2020, 1 -11.
AMA StyleAdnan Badran, Elias Baydoun, John R. Hillman. Introduction. Higher Education in the Arab World. 2020; ():1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdnan Badran; Elias Baydoun; John R. Hillman. 2020. "Introduction." Higher Education in the Arab World , no. : 1-11.
Curcumin (CUR) is a natural polyphenol present in the rhizomes of Curcuma longa and possesses diverse pharmacological effects, especially anti-carcinogenic effects against several types of cancers. Unfortunately, this novel compound has poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability that limit its pharmaceutical effects. The use of polymeric nanocapsules has been applied in order to overcome such problems. Thus, our present study aimed at developing two novel polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) systems that encapsulate either curcumin alone (CURN) or with piperine (CURPN), which acts as a glucuronidation inhibitor and increases the bioavailability of CUR. The NPs were successfully designed by self-assembled nanoprecipitation method and their characteristics were identified by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Zeta potential analysis. The drug release profiles of NPs were monitored under different pH, and their cytotoxic effects were assessed in vitro against Caco-2 cells and in vivo against dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in mice. The FTIR and XRD analyses and SEM images showed amorphous and spherical shaped CURN and CURPN of 80–100 nm sized diameter. In vitro drug release study showed that pH triggered the maximum release of CUR in basic medium compared to acidic and neutral media, and following Higuchi model. CUR nanoencapsulation enhanced its physiochemical properties and drug loading and release. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that CUR NPs exerted selective and potential cytotoxic effects against colon cancer cells. The addition of piperine facilitated the encapsulation and drug loading of CUR. Thus, CUR nanoencapsulation enhanced the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin rendering it more effective against colon cancer.
Layal Slika; Alaa Moubarak; Jamilah Borjac; Elias Baydoun; Digambara Patra. Preparation of curcumin-poly (allyl amine) hydrochloride based nanocapsules: Piperine in nanocapsules accelerates encapsulation and release of curcumin and effectiveness against colon cancer cells. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2019, 109, 110550 .
AMA StyleLayal Slika, Alaa Moubarak, Jamilah Borjac, Elias Baydoun, Digambara Patra. Preparation of curcumin-poly (allyl amine) hydrochloride based nanocapsules: Piperine in nanocapsules accelerates encapsulation and release of curcumin and effectiveness against colon cancer cells. Materials Science and Engineering: C. 2019; 109 ():110550.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLayal Slika; Alaa Moubarak; Jamilah Borjac; Elias Baydoun; Digambara Patra. 2019. "Preparation of curcumin-poly (allyl amine) hydrochloride based nanocapsules: Piperine in nanocapsules accelerates encapsulation and release of curcumin and effectiveness against colon cancer cells." Materials Science and Engineering: C 109, no. : 110550.
The high prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori has become a great challenge in Iran. The genetic mutations that contribute to the resistance have yet to be precisely identified. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and virulence markers in Iranian H. pylori isolates and to analyze if there is any association between resistance and genotype. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of 68 H. pylori isolates were investigated against metronidazole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin, rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and tetracycline by the agar dilution method. The frxA, rdxA, gyrA, gyrB, and 23S rRNA genes of the isolates were sequenced. The virulence genotypes were also determined using PCR. Metronidazole resistance was present in 82.4% of the isolates, followed by clarithromycin (33.8%), ciprofloxacin (33.8%), rifampicin (32.4%), amoxicillin (30.9%), levofloxacin (27.9%), and tetracycline (4.4%). Overall, 75% of the isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics tested and considered as a multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. Most of the metronidazole-resistant isolates carried frameshift mutations in both frxA and rdxA genes, and premature termination occurred in positions Q5Stop and Q50Stop, respectively. Amino acid substitutions M191I, G208E, and V199A were predominantly found in gyrA gene of fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. A2143G and C2195T mutations of 23S rRNA were found in four clarithromycin-resistant isolates. Interestingly, significant associations were found between resistance to metronidazole (MNZ) and cagA-, sabA-, and dupA-positive genotypes, with p = 0.0002, p = 0.0001, and p = 0.0001, respectively. Furthermore, a significant association was found between oipA “on” status and resistance to amoxicillin (AMX) (p = 0.02). The prevalence of H. pylori antibiotic resistance is high in our region, particularly that of metronidazole, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and MDR. Simultaneous screening of virulence and resistance genotypes can help clinicians to choose the appropriate therapeutic regime against H. pylori infection.
Nastaran Farzi; Abbas Yadegar; Amir Sadeghi; Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei; Sinéad Marian Smith; Josette Raymond; Hidekazu Suzuki; Mohammad Reza Zali. High Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Iranian Helicobacter pylori Isolates: Importance of Functional and Mutational Analysis of Resistance Genes and Virulence Genotyping. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2019, 8, 2004 .
AMA StyleNastaran Farzi, Abbas Yadegar, Amir Sadeghi, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Sinéad Marian Smith, Josette Raymond, Hidekazu Suzuki, Mohammad Reza Zali. High Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Iranian Helicobacter pylori Isolates: Importance of Functional and Mutational Analysis of Resistance Genes and Virulence Genotyping. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 8 (11):2004.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNastaran Farzi; Abbas Yadegar; Amir Sadeghi; Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei; Sinéad Marian Smith; Josette Raymond; Hidekazu Suzuki; Mohammad Reza Zali. 2019. "High Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Iranian Helicobacter pylori Isolates: Importance of Functional and Mutational Analysis of Resistance Genes and Virulence Genotyping." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 11: 2004.
Remodeling of arterioles is a pivotal event in the manifestation of many inflammation-based cardio-vasculopathologies, such as hypertension. During these remodeling events, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) switch from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. The latter is characterized by increased proliferation, migration, and invasion. Compounds with anti-inflammatory actions have been successful in attenuating this phenotypic switch. While the vast majority of studies investigating phenotypic modulation were undertaken in VSMCs isolated from large vessels, little is known about the effect of such compounds on phenotypic switch in VSMCs of microvessels (microVSMCs). We have recently characterized a novel homoisoflavonoid that we called 7-O-methylpunctatin (MP). In this study, we show that MP decreased FBS-induced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and adhesion. MP also attenuated adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to microVSMCs, abolished FBS-induced expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and NF-κB, as well as reduced activation of ERK1/2 and FAK. Furthermore, MP-treated VSMCs showed an increase in early (myocardin, SM-22α, SM-α) and mid-term (calponin and caldesmon) differentiation markers and a decrease in osteopontin, a protein highly expressed in synthetic VSMCs. MP also reduced transcription of cyclin D1, CDK4 but increased protein levels of p21 and p27. Taken together, these results corroborate an anti-inflammatory action of MP on human microVSMCs. Therefore, by inhibiting the synthetic phenotype of microVSMCs, MP may be a promising modulator for inflammation-induced arteriolar pathophysiology.
Manal Fardoun; Rabah Iratni; Hassan Dehaini; Assaad Eid; Tarek Ghaddar; Tamam El-Elimat; Feras Alali; Adnan Badran; Ali H. Eid; Elias Baydoun; Eid; El- Elimat. 7-O-methylpunctatin, a Novel Homoisoflavonoid, Inhibits Phenotypic Switch of Human Arteriolar Smooth Muscle Cells. Biomolecules 2019, 9, 716 .
AMA StyleManal Fardoun, Rabah Iratni, Hassan Dehaini, Assaad Eid, Tarek Ghaddar, Tamam El-Elimat, Feras Alali, Adnan Badran, Ali H. Eid, Elias Baydoun, Eid, El- Elimat. 7-O-methylpunctatin, a Novel Homoisoflavonoid, Inhibits Phenotypic Switch of Human Arteriolar Smooth Muscle Cells. Biomolecules. 2019; 9 (11):716.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManal Fardoun; Rabah Iratni; Hassan Dehaini; Assaad Eid; Tarek Ghaddar; Tamam El-Elimat; Feras Alali; Adnan Badran; Ali H. Eid; Elias Baydoun; Eid; El- Elimat. 2019. "7-O-methylpunctatin, a Novel Homoisoflavonoid, Inhibits Phenotypic Switch of Human Arteriolar Smooth Muscle Cells." Biomolecules 9, no. 11: 716.
Helicobacterpylori is one of the most prevalent pathogens colonizing 50% of the world’s population and causing gastritis and gastric cancer. Even with triple and quadruple antibiotic therapies, H. pylori shows increased prevalence of resistance to conventional antibiotics and treatment failure. Due to their pore-forming activity, antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are considered as a good alternative to conventional antibiotics, particularly in the case of resistant bacteria. In this study, temporin-SHa (a frog AMP) and its analogs obtained by Gly to Ala substitutions were tested against H. pylori. Results showed differences in the antibacterial activity and toxicity of the peptides in relation to the number and position of D-Ala substitution. Temporin-SHa and its analog NST1 were identified as the best molecules, both peptides being active on clinical resistant strains, killing 90–100% of bacteria in less than 1 h and showing low to no toxicity against human gastric cells and tissue. Importantly, the presence of gastric mucins did not prevent the antibacterial effect of temporin-SHa and NST1, NST1 being in addition resistant to pepsin. Taken together, our results demonstrated that temporin-SHa and its analog NST1 could be considered as potential candidates to treat H. pylori, particularly in the case of resistant strains.
Hamza Olleik; Elias Baydoun; Josette Perrier; Akram Hijazi; Josette Raymond; Marine Manzoni; Lucas Dupuis; Ghislain Pauleau; Yvain Goudard; Bruno De La Villéon; Géraldine Goin; Philippe Sockeel; Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary; Eric Di Pasquale; Muhammad Nadeem-Ul-Haque; Hunain Ali; Arif Iftikhar Khan; Farzana Shaheen; Marc Maresca. Temporin-SHa and Its Analogs as Potential Candidates for the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori. Biomolecules 2019, 9, 598 .
AMA StyleHamza Olleik, Elias Baydoun, Josette Perrier, Akram Hijazi, Josette Raymond, Marine Manzoni, Lucas Dupuis, Ghislain Pauleau, Yvain Goudard, Bruno De La Villéon, Géraldine Goin, Philippe Sockeel, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary, Eric Di Pasquale, Muhammad Nadeem-Ul-Haque, Hunain Ali, Arif Iftikhar Khan, Farzana Shaheen, Marc Maresca. Temporin-SHa and Its Analogs as Potential Candidates for the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori. Biomolecules. 2019; 9 (10):598.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHamza Olleik; Elias Baydoun; Josette Perrier; Akram Hijazi; Josette Raymond; Marine Manzoni; Lucas Dupuis; Ghislain Pauleau; Yvain Goudard; Bruno De La Villéon; Géraldine Goin; Philippe Sockeel; Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary; Eric Di Pasquale; Muhammad Nadeem-Ul-Haque; Hunain Ali; Arif Iftikhar Khan; Farzana Shaheen; Marc Maresca. 2019. "Temporin-SHa and Its Analogs as Potential Candidates for the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori." Biomolecules 9, no. 10: 598.
Like other organs, the heart undergoes normal adaptive remodeling, such as cardiac hypertrophy, with age. This remodeling, however, is intensified under stress and pathological conditions. Cardiac remodeling could be beneficial for a short period of time, to maintain a normal cardiac output in times of need; however, chronic cardiac hypertrophy may lead to heart failure and death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to have a role in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy. This paper reviews recent advances in the field of miRNAs and cardiac hypertrophy, highlighting the latest findings for targeted genes and involved signaling pathways. By targeting pro-hypertrophic genes and signaling pathways, some of these miRNAs alleviate cardiac hypertrophy, while others enhance it. Therefore, miRNAs represent very promising potential pharmacotherapeutic targets for the management and treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
Nadine Wehbe; Suzanne Awani Nasser; Gianfranco Pintus; Adnan Badran; Ali H. Eid; Elias Baydoun. MicroRNAs in Cardiac Hypertrophy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, 20, 4714 .
AMA StyleNadine Wehbe, Suzanne Awani Nasser, Gianfranco Pintus, Adnan Badran, Ali H. Eid, Elias Baydoun. MicroRNAs in Cardiac Hypertrophy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20 (19):4714.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNadine Wehbe; Suzanne Awani Nasser; Gianfranco Pintus; Adnan Badran; Ali H. Eid; Elias Baydoun. 2019. "MicroRNAs in Cardiac Hypertrophy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 19: 4714.
Filamentous fungi, although producing noxious molecules such as mycotoxins, have been used to produce numerous drugs active against human diseases such as paclitaxel, statins, and penicillin, saving millions of human lives. Cyclodepsipeptides are fungal molecules with potentially adverse and positive effects. Although these peptides are not novel, comparative studies of their antimicrobial activity, toxicity, and mechanism of action are still to be identified. In this study, the fungal cyclohexadepsipeptides enniatin (ENN) and beauvericin (BEA) were assessed to determine their antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity against human cells. Results showed that these peptides were active against Gram-positive bacteria, Mycobacterium, and fungi, but not against Gram-negative bacteria. ENN and BEA had a limited hemolytic effect, yet were found to be toxic at low doses to nucleated human cells. Both peptides also interacted with bacterial lipids, causing low to no membrane permeabilization, but induced membrane depolarization and inhibition of macromolecules synthesis. The structure-activity analysis showed that the chemical nature of the side chains present on ENN and BEA (either iso-propyl, sec-butyl, or phenylmethyl) impacts their interaction with lipids, antimicrobial action, and toxicity.
Hamza Olleik; Cendrine Nicoletti; Mickael Lafond; Elise Courvoisier-Dezord; Peiwen Xue; Akram Hijazi; Elias Baydoun; Josette Perrier; Marc Maresca. Comparative Structure-Activity Analysis of the Antimicrobial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Mechanism of Action of the Fungal Cyclohexadepsipeptides Enniatins and Beauvericin. Toxins 2019, 11, 514 .
AMA StyleHamza Olleik, Cendrine Nicoletti, Mickael Lafond, Elise Courvoisier-Dezord, Peiwen Xue, Akram Hijazi, Elias Baydoun, Josette Perrier, Marc Maresca. Comparative Structure-Activity Analysis of the Antimicrobial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Mechanism of Action of the Fungal Cyclohexadepsipeptides Enniatins and Beauvericin. Toxins. 2019; 11 (9):514.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHamza Olleik; Cendrine Nicoletti; Mickael Lafond; Elise Courvoisier-Dezord; Peiwen Xue; Akram Hijazi; Elias Baydoun; Josette Perrier; Marc Maresca. 2019. "Comparative Structure-Activity Analysis of the Antimicrobial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Mechanism of Action of the Fungal Cyclohexadepsipeptides Enniatins and Beauvericin." Toxins 11, no. 9: 514.
Despite pharmacotherapeutic advances, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the primary cause of global mortality. Alternative approaches, such as herbal medicine, continue to be sought to reduce this burden. Origanum majorana is recognized for many medicinal values, yet its vasculoprotective effects remain poorly investigated. Here, we subjected rat thoracic aortae to increasing doses of an ethanolic extract of Origanummajorana (OME). OME induced relaxation in a dose-dependent manner in endothelium-intact rings. This relaxation was significantly blunted in denuded rings. N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3,-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) significantly reduced the OME-induced vasorelaxation. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels were also increased by OME. Moreover, wortmannin or LY294002 significantly reduced OME-induced vasorelaxation. Blockers of ATP-sensitive or Ca2+-activated potassium channels such as glibenclamide or tetraethylamonium (TEA), respectively, did not significantly affect OME-induced relaxation. Similarly, verapamil, a Ca2+ channel blocker, indomethacin, a non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and pyrilamine, a H1 histamine receptor blocker, did not significantly modulate the observed relaxation. Taken together, our results show that OME induces vasorelaxation via an endothelium-dependent mechanism involving the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K)/ endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS)/cGMP pathway. Our findings further support the medicinal value of marjoram and provide a basis for its beneficial intake. Although consuming marjoram may have an antihypertensive effect, further studies are needed to better determine its effects in different vascular beds.
Adnan Badran; Elias Baydoun; Ali Samaha; Gianfranco Pintus; Joelle Mesmar; Rabah Iratni; Khodr Issa; Ali H. Eid. Marjoram Relaxes Rat Thoracic Aorta Via a PI3-K/eNOS/cGMP Pathway. Biomolecules 2019, 9, 227 .
AMA StyleAdnan Badran, Elias Baydoun, Ali Samaha, Gianfranco Pintus, Joelle Mesmar, Rabah Iratni, Khodr Issa, Ali H. Eid. Marjoram Relaxes Rat Thoracic Aorta Via a PI3-K/eNOS/cGMP Pathway. Biomolecules. 2019; 9 (6):227.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdnan Badran; Elias Baydoun; Ali Samaha; Gianfranco Pintus; Joelle Mesmar; Rabah Iratni; Khodr Issa; Ali H. Eid. 2019. "Marjoram Relaxes Rat Thoracic Aorta Via a PI3-K/eNOS/cGMP Pathway." Biomolecules 9, no. 6: 227.
Concepts of quality in higher education and the nature of the processes needed to raise standards may be debatable, but mainly for economic reasons most countries are either overtly driving or subtly encouraging their institutions to conduct one of a variety of quality-assurance (QA) assessments, preferably using independent agencies. These assessments are still being developed and do not yet cover all aspects of academic life. Search engines and artificial intelligence are beginning to be explored for inter- and intra-institutional analyses. Fundamentally, QA assessments aspire to inculcate a culture of quality in all academic activities and encourage self-improvement. Internationally recognised QA underpins transnational recognition of academic qualifications. Other forms of assessing the worth or standing of an organisation include listing in international and national ranking tables, visiting-group (visiting-team) exercises, application of bibliometrics and citation metrics, and peer evaluation. Strategies to improve the quality and impact of higher-education organisations include carrying out SWOT (strengths, weakness, opportunities, threats) analyses, in addition to horizon scanning, trend impact analyses, scenario methodology, Delphi, and Foresight exercises. Assessing relevance is more complex and there is no agreed framework, but studying the societal impacts of graduates and postgraduates as well as the research and development outputs of an organisation can offer a tangible form of assessment. Also, a close link exists between relevance and responsible science, and its equivalent in other academic disciplines. Corruption in its various forms is described and must be addressed. Universities should provide an encouraging environment for creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Permission given by governments to organisations to establish and operate universities should be partly dependent on those universities functioning to high-quality standards and be shown to do so by periodic independent QA and relevance assessments. Governments also have responsibilities to provide a buoyant operating environment for universities and we recommend several changes to Arab government policies. International coordination is needed urgently to stop the issuance of fake degrees and professional diplomas. Summary tables are included of (a) the key points to be addressed in comprehensive QA and relevance assessments of universities in the Arab region and elsewhere, and (b) examples of rapidly developing, relevant technologies affecting all academic disciplines as well as student employability and institutional relevance.
John R. Hillman; Elias Baydoun. Quality Assurance and Relevance in Academia: A Review. Major Challenges Facing Higher Education in the Arab World: Quality Assurance and Relevance 2019, 13 -68.
AMA StyleJohn R. Hillman, Elias Baydoun. Quality Assurance and Relevance in Academia: A Review. Major Challenges Facing Higher Education in the Arab World: Quality Assurance and Relevance. 2019; ():13-68.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn R. Hillman; Elias Baydoun. 2019. "Quality Assurance and Relevance in Academia: A Review." Major Challenges Facing Higher Education in the Arab World: Quality Assurance and Relevance , no. : 13-68.
Background: Ischemia-Reperfusion (I/R) injury is the tissue damage that results from re-oxygenation of ischemic tissues. There are many players that contribute to I/R injury. One of these factors is the family of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are currently being heavily studied. This review aims to critically summarize the latest papers that attributed roles of certain miRNAs in I/R injury, particularly in diabetic conditions and dissect their potential as novel pharmacologic targets in the treatment and management of diabetes. Methods: PubMed was searched for publications containing microRNA and I/R, in the absence or presence of diabetes. All papers that provided sufficient evidence linking miRNA with I/R, especially in the context of diabetes, were selected. Several miRNAs are found to be either pro-apoptotic, as in the case of miR-34a, miR-144, miR-155, and miR-200, or anti-apoptotic, as in the case of miR-210, miR-21, and miR-146a. Here, we further dissect the evidence that shows diverse cell-context dependent effects of these miRNAs, particularly in cardiomyocytes, endothelial, or leukocytes. We also provide insight into cases where the possibility of having two miRNAs working together to intensify a given response is noted. Conclusions: This review arrives at the conclusion that the utilization of miRNAs as translational agents or pharmaco-targets in treating I/R injury in diabetic patients is promising and becoming increasingly clearer.
Hassan Dehaini; Hussein Awada; Ahmed El-Yazbi; Fouad A. Zouein; Khodr Issa; Assaad A. Eid; Maryam Ibrahim; Adnan Badran; Elias Baydoun; Gianfranco Pintus; Ali H. Eid. MicroRNAs as Potential Pharmaco-targets in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Compounded by Diabetes. Cells 2019, 8, 152 .
AMA StyleHassan Dehaini, Hussein Awada, Ahmed El-Yazbi, Fouad A. Zouein, Khodr Issa, Assaad A. Eid, Maryam Ibrahim, Adnan Badran, Elias Baydoun, Gianfranco Pintus, Ali H. Eid. MicroRNAs as Potential Pharmaco-targets in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Compounded by Diabetes. Cells. 2019; 8 (2):152.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHassan Dehaini; Hussein Awada; Ahmed El-Yazbi; Fouad A. Zouein; Khodr Issa; Assaad A. Eid; Maryam Ibrahim; Adnan Badran; Elias Baydoun; Gianfranco Pintus; Ali H. Eid. 2019. "MicroRNAs as Potential Pharmaco-targets in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Compounded by Diabetes." Cells 8, no. 2: 152.
Biofilm production by Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae has been implicated in the pathogenesis of otitis media, mainly in chronic and recurrent cases. We studied the "in vitro" biofilm production by these 2 species isolated alone or together from the nasopharynx of children with acute otitis media. The studied strains were from 3 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) periods: pre-PCV7, post-PCV7/pre-PCV13 and post-PCV13. A modified microtiter plate assay with crystal violet stain was used to study the biofilm production of 182 H. influenzae and 191 S. pneumoniae strains. Overall, 117/181 (64.6%) H. influenzae and 128/191 (66.8%) S. pneumoniae strains produced biofilm. The proportion of biofilm-producing H. influenzae strains was greater with than without the isolation of S. pneumoniae in the same sample (75.5% vs 52.3%, p = 0.001). Conversely, the proportion of biofilm-producing S. pneumoniae strains was not affected by the presence or not of H. influenzae (66.3% vs 67.4%). S. pneumoniae serotypes 6B, 15B/C, 19A, 35F and 35B were the better biofilm producers (80%). Serotypes 11A, 14, 15A, 19F and 19A were more associated with H. influenzae biofilm-producing strains. Overall, 89/94 (94.6%) of cases with combined isolation showed biofilm production by S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae. This study emphasizes the high proportion of biofilm production by H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae strains isolated from the nasopharynx of children with acute otitis media, which reinforces the results of studies suggesting the importance of biofilm in the pathogenesis of acute otitis media.
Quentin Vermee; Robert Cohen; Constantin Hays; Emmanuelle Varon; Stephane Bonacorsi; Stephane Bechet; Franck Thollot; François Corrard; Claire Poyart; Corinne Levy; Josette Raymond. Biofilm production by Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from the nasopharynx of children with acute otitis media. BMC Infectious Diseases 2019, 19, 44 .
AMA StyleQuentin Vermee, Robert Cohen, Constantin Hays, Emmanuelle Varon, Stephane Bonacorsi, Stephane Bechet, Franck Thollot, François Corrard, Claire Poyart, Corinne Levy, Josette Raymond. Biofilm production by Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from the nasopharynx of children with acute otitis media. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2019; 19 (1):44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQuentin Vermee; Robert Cohen; Constantin Hays; Emmanuelle Varon; Stephane Bonacorsi; Stephane Bechet; Franck Thollot; François Corrard; Claire Poyart; Corinne Levy; Josette Raymond. 2019. "Biofilm production by Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from the nasopharynx of children with acute otitis media." BMC Infectious Diseases 19, no. 1: 44.