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Mr. Bin Zhu
Nanjing Forestry University

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0 Ecology
0 Hydrology
0 hydrology modelling
0 hydrology simulation

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Journal article
Published: 07 June 2021 in Forests
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Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. (Chinese fir) is one of the main timber species in Southern China, which has a wide planting range that accounts for 25% of the overall afforested area. Moreover, it plays a critical role in soil and water conservation; however, its suitability is subject to climate change. For this study, the appropriate distribution area of C. lanceolata was analyzed using the MaxEnt model based on CMIP6 data, spanning 2041–2060. The results revealed that (1) the minimum temperature of the coldest month (bio6), and the mean diurnal range (bio2) were the most important environmental variables that affected the distribution of C. lanceolata; (2) the currently suitable areas of C. lanceolata were primarily distributed along the southern coastal areas of China, of which 55% were moderately so, while only 18% were highly suitable; (3) the projected suitable area of C. lanceolata would likely expand based on the BCC-CSM2-MR, CanESM5, and MRI-ESM2-0 under different SSPs spanning 2041–2060. The increased area estimated for the future ranged from 0.18 to 0.29 million km2, where the total suitable area of C. lanceolata attained a maximum value of 2.50 million km2 under the SSP3-7.0 scenario, with a lowest value of 2.39 million km2 under the SSP5-8.5 scenario; (4) in combination with land use and farmland protection policies of China, it is estimated that more than 60% of suitable land area could be utilized for C. lanceolata planting from 2041–2060 under different SSP scenarios. Although climate change is having an increasing influence on species distribution, the deleterious impacts of anthropogenic activities cannot be ignored. In the future, further attention should be paid to the investigation of species distribution under the combined impacts of climate change and human activities.

ACS Style

Yichen Zhou; Zengxin Zhang; Bin Zhu; Xuefei Cheng; Liu Yang; Mingkun Gao; Rui Kong. MaxEnt Modeling Based on CMIP6 Models to Project Potential Suitable Zones for Cunninghamia lanceolata in China. Forests 2021, 12, 752 .

AMA Style

Yichen Zhou, Zengxin Zhang, Bin Zhu, Xuefei Cheng, Liu Yang, Mingkun Gao, Rui Kong. MaxEnt Modeling Based on CMIP6 Models to Project Potential Suitable Zones for Cunninghamia lanceolata in China. Forests. 2021; 12 (6):752.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yichen Zhou; Zengxin Zhang; Bin Zhu; Xuefei Cheng; Liu Yang; Mingkun Gao; Rui Kong. 2021. "MaxEnt Modeling Based on CMIP6 Models to Project Potential Suitable Zones for Cunninghamia lanceolata in China." Forests 12, no. 6: 752.

Original paper
Published: 31 March 2021 in Theoretical and Applied Climatology
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Water use efficiency (WUE) is an important link between carbon and water cycles, which is critical for the forests under future global climatic changes. WUENDVI was calculated by accumulated normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and actual evapotranspiration (ET) and could reflect the impacts of climatic changes and human activities on WUE. The three forestry regions of China are the northeast, southwest, and southeast areas. Among them, the northeast forest region is a natural forest region with forest stock accounting for more than 1/4 of China, and the southwest mountainous forest region is another natural forest region in China, with forest stock accounting for more than 1/3 of China, while the southeast forest area is mainly plantations. In 2018, the forest areas over three forestry regions of China were around 1,725,988 km2. This paper evaluated the changes in forest WUE and their relationships with climatic change and human activities over three forestry regions of China during 1961–2019. The main findings of this study were summarized as follows: (1) the spatial changes of WUE were gentle in the artificial forest region but fluctuant sharply in the natural forest regions. In the southwest forest region, the WUE increased with elevation, while it showed the opposite trends in the artificial forest region. Overall, the annual mean forest WUE increased in almost all regions of the study areas during 1961-2019; (2) in the northeast and southeast forest regions, the WUE presented a negative relationship with the temperature. In the southwest forest region, the WUE was positively correlated with the temperature and its increase rate slowed down significantly when the temperature increases by more than 1 °C. The WUE was negatively correlated with precipitation in the three regions and was more sensitive to the decrease of precipitation. The sensitivity of WUE to precipitation reduction was highest in the artificial forest region and lowest in the northeast forest region; (3) the forest WUE and WUENDVI were lowest in the artificial forest region but highest in the northeast forest region, while the net increase in forests area during 1980–2018 was largest in the artificial forest region (155,975 km2) but lowest in the northeast forest region (78,766 km2). In general, human activities had the greatest impact on the forest WUE in the northeast forest region. Human activities and climatic change had quite complex and interactive effects on forest WUE. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the joint influences of climate change and human activities on WUE.

ACS Style

Jiaxi Tian; Zengxin Zhang; Rui Kong; Bin Zhu; Fengying Zhang; Shanshan Jiang; Xi Chen. Changes in water use efficiency and their relations to climate change and human activities in three forestry regions of China. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 2021, 144, 1297 -1310.

AMA Style

Jiaxi Tian, Zengxin Zhang, Rui Kong, Bin Zhu, Fengying Zhang, Shanshan Jiang, Xi Chen. Changes in water use efficiency and their relations to climate change and human activities in three forestry regions of China. Theoretical and Applied Climatology. 2021; 144 (3-4):1297-1310.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiaxi Tian; Zengxin Zhang; Rui Kong; Bin Zhu; Fengying Zhang; Shanshan Jiang; Xi Chen. 2021. "Changes in water use efficiency and their relations to climate change and human activities in three forestry regions of China." Theoretical and Applied Climatology 144, no. 3-4: 1297-1310.

Journal article
Published: 18 November 2020 in Water
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Although the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) has come to an end, the evaluation of TRMM satellite precipitation is still of great significance for the improvement of the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM). In this paper, the hydrological utility of TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) 3B42 RTV7/V7 precipitation products was evaluated using the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) hydrological model in the upper Yangtze River basin. The main results show that (1) TMPA 3B42V7 had a reliable performance in precipitation estimation compared with the gauged precipitation on both spatial and temporal scales over the upper Yangtze River basin. Although TMPA 3B42V7 slightly underestimated precipitation, TMPA 3B42RTV7 significantly overestimated precipitation at daily and monthly time scales; (2) the simulated runoff by the VIC hydrological model showed a high correlation with the gauged runoff and lower bias at daily and monthly time scales. The Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (NSCE) value was as high as 0.85, the relative bias (RB) was −6.36% and the correlation coefficient (CC) was 0.93 at the daily scale; (3) the accuracy of the 3B42RTV7-driven runoff simulation had been greatly improved by using the hydrological calibration parameters obtained from 3B42RTV7 compared with that of gauged precipitation. A lower RB (14.38% vs. 66.58%) and a higher CC (0.87 vs. 0.85) and NSCE (0.71 vs. −0.92) can be found at daily time scales when we use satellite data instead of gauged precipitation data to calibrate the VIC model. However, the performance of the 3B42V7-driven runoff simulation did not improve in the same operation accordingly. The cause might be that the 3B42V7 satellite products have been adjusted by gauged precipitation. This study suggests that it might be better to calibrate the parameters using satellite data in hydrological simulations, especially for unadjusted satellite data. This study is not only helpful for understanding the assessment of multi-satellite precipitation products in large-scale and complex areas in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, but also can provide a reference for the hydrological utility of the satellite precipitation products in other river basins of the world.

ACS Style

Bin Zhu; Yuhan Huang; Zengxin Zhang; Rui Kong; Jiaxi Tian; Yichen Zhou; Sheng Chen; Zheng Duan. Evaluation of TMPA Satellite Precipitation in Driving VIC Hydrological Model over the Upper Yangtze River Basin. Water 2020, 12, 3230 .

AMA Style

Bin Zhu, Yuhan Huang, Zengxin Zhang, Rui Kong, Jiaxi Tian, Yichen Zhou, Sheng Chen, Zheng Duan. Evaluation of TMPA Satellite Precipitation in Driving VIC Hydrological Model over the Upper Yangtze River Basin. Water. 2020; 12 (11):3230.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bin Zhu; Yuhan Huang; Zengxin Zhang; Rui Kong; Jiaxi Tian; Yichen Zhou; Sheng Chen; Zheng Duan. 2020. "Evaluation of TMPA Satellite Precipitation in Driving VIC Hydrological Model over the Upper Yangtze River Basin." Water 12, no. 11: 3230.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2020 in Sustainability
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The shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) were designed to project future socioeconomic developments as they might unfold in the absence of explicit additional policies and measures to limit climate forcing or to enhance adaptive capacity. Based on the sixth national population census and the third economic census data of China in 2010, this paper projects the population and economic conditions of the Yangtze River basin from 2010 to 2100 under the SSPs. The results showed that: (1) the population growth rate in most areas of the Yangtze River basin will decrease from 2021 to 2100. The population of the eastern Sichuan Province will decrease obviously, while it will increase obviously in Shanghai during this period. The population of the Yangtze River basin will decline from 2010 to 2100 under the SSPs except for SSP3; (2) The GDP (Gross Domestic Product) in most regions will increase by more than CNY 30 billion (Chinese Yuan) compared with 2010 and the total GDP will continue to rise after 2020; (3) The population of the three major urban agglomerations will decrease from 2020 to 2100. However, the GDP of the three major urban agglomerations will increase year by year, among which the YRDUA (Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration) has obvious economic advantages. The GDP growth rate will maintain above 6% in 2020 under different SSPs, and then the growth rate will slow down or stall, even with negative growth in SSP1 and SSP4; (4) The GDP Per of the Yangtze River basin shows growth under different SSPs and it will maintain a growth rate of 6–9% until 2020. While the average annual growth rate of the SSP5 will be about 2.56% at the end of the 21st century, and it will remain at about 1% under other scenarios. This paper provides a scientific basis for the study of future population and socioeconomic changes and climate predictions for quantifying disaster risks.

ACS Style

Min Zhu; Zengxin Zhang; Bin Zhu; Rui Kong; Fengying Zhang; Jiaxi Tian; Tong Jiang. Population and Economic Projections in the Yangtze River Basin Based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4202 .

AMA Style

Min Zhu, Zengxin Zhang, Bin Zhu, Rui Kong, Fengying Zhang, Jiaxi Tian, Tong Jiang. Population and Economic Projections in the Yangtze River Basin Based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (10):4202.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min Zhu; Zengxin Zhang; Bin Zhu; Rui Kong; Fengying Zhang; Jiaxi Tian; Tong Jiang. 2020. "Population and Economic Projections in the Yangtze River Basin Based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathways." Sustainability 12, no. 10: 4202.

Journal article
Published: 18 December 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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Forest carbon stocks has an important role in the global carbon budget. Based on the satellite-observed and LPJ model simulated aboveground biomass carbon (ABC) data, the spatial and temporal changes of subtropical forest carbon storage in the Yangtze River basin and its relations to the climate variation and human activities were analyzed by using the methods of cumulative curve analysis and climate sensitivity analysis during 1993–2012. The results revealed that: (1) In general, the forest ABC increased obviously in the Yangtze River basin during the past 20 years, and the ABC rose from 2563.91 Tg C in 1993 to 2893.17 Tg C in 2012, with a growth rate of 12.84%. The higher ABC distribution was mainly concentrated in the Jialing River basin and Hanjiang River basin and the significantly increasing trends could be found in most area of the Yangtze River basin; (2) The forest ABC was sensitive to the changes of temperature and precipitation. When the temperature increases by 1 °C, the ABC in the Yangtze River basin will increase by 3.32%, while it will decrease by −6.12% when the precipitation increases by 10%; (3) The forest ABC growth rate had accelerated from 3.15% in 1993–2000 to 8.01% in 2001–2012. The cumulative curve of the forest ABC was generally higher than the temperature or the precipitation after 2000. The total areas induced by climate variation and human activities accounted for 30.5% and 52.59% with an increases in ABC by 67.52 Tg C and 188.74 Tg C from 1993 to 2012, respectively. The implementation of major forestry projects might be the main reason for the rapid increase of forest ABC in the Yangtze River basin. This study suggested human activities such as ecological projects might contribute to the accelerated greening trend and highlighted the pivotal role of subtropical forest ABC in the carbon budget in China.

ACS Style

Rui Kong; Zengxin Zhang; Fengying Zhang; Jiaxi Tian; Juan Chang; Shanshan Jiang; Bin Zhu; Xi Chen. Increasing carbon storage in subtropical forests over the Yangtze River basin and its relations to the major ecological projects. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 709, 136163 .

AMA Style

Rui Kong, Zengxin Zhang, Fengying Zhang, Jiaxi Tian, Juan Chang, Shanshan Jiang, Bin Zhu, Xi Chen. Increasing carbon storage in subtropical forests over the Yangtze River basin and its relations to the major ecological projects. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 709 ():136163.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rui Kong; Zengxin Zhang; Fengying Zhang; Jiaxi Tian; Juan Chang; Shanshan Jiang; Bin Zhu; Xi Chen. 2019. "Increasing carbon storage in subtropical forests over the Yangtze River basin and its relations to the major ecological projects." Science of The Total Environment 709, no. : 136163.

Journal article
Published: 19 June 2019 in Remote Sensing
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Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is a basis of material and energy flows in terrestrial ecosystems, and it is also an important component in the research on carbon cycle and carbon budget. This paper evaluated the spatial distribution pattern and temporal change trends for forest NPP simulated by the LPJ (Lund-Potsdam-Jena) model and NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) in the Yangtze River basin from 1982 to 2013. The results revealed that: (1) the spatial distribution of the forest NPP and NDVI in the Yangtze River basin has gradually decreased from the southeast coast to the northwest. The forest NPP and NDVI in the mid-lower Yangtze were higher than that of the upper Yangtze; (2) the forest NPP and NDVI in most areas of the Yangtze River basin were positively correlated with the temperature and precipitation. Moreover, the correlations among the temperature with the forest NPP and NDVI were stronger than that of correlations among precipitation with forest NPP and NDVI. Moreover, the extreme drought event in the year of 2004–2005 led the NPP to decrease in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin; (3) human activity such as major ecological projects would have a certain impact on the NPP and NDVI. The increase in forest areas from 2000 to 2010 was larger than that from 1990 to 2000. Moreover, the increasing rate for the NDVI was higher than that of NPP, especially after the year 2000, which indicates that the major ecological projects might have great impacts on the vegetation dynamics. Moreover, more attention should be paid on the joint impacts of human activity and climate change on terrestrial NPP and NDVI.

ACS Style

Fengying Zhang; Zengxin Zhang; Rui Kong; Juan Chang; Jiaxi Tian; Bin Zhu; Shanshan Jiang; Xi Chen; Chong-Yu Xu. Changes in Forest Net Primary Productivity in the Yangtze River Basin and Its Relationship with Climate Change and Human Activities. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 1451 .

AMA Style

Fengying Zhang, Zengxin Zhang, Rui Kong, Juan Chang, Jiaxi Tian, Bin Zhu, Shanshan Jiang, Xi Chen, Chong-Yu Xu. Changes in Forest Net Primary Productivity in the Yangtze River Basin and Its Relationship with Climate Change and Human Activities. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (12):1451.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fengying Zhang; Zengxin Zhang; Rui Kong; Juan Chang; Jiaxi Tian; Bin Zhu; Shanshan Jiang; Xi Chen; Chong-Yu Xu. 2019. "Changes in Forest Net Primary Productivity in the Yangtze River Basin and Its Relationship with Climate Change and Human Activities." Remote Sensing 11, no. 12: 1451.