This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Unclaimed
M. Mujtaba
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Journal article
Published: 27 August 2021 in Polymers
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The effect of crump rubber on the dry sliding wear behavior of epoxy composites is investigated in the present study. Wear tests are carried out for three levels of crump rubber (10, 20, and 30 vol.%), normal applied load (30, 40, and 50 N), and sliding distance (1, 3, and 5 km). The wear behavior of crump rubber–epoxy composites is investigated against EN31 steel discs. The hybrid mathematical approach of Taguchi-coupled Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) - Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to examine the influence of crump rubber on the tribological response of composites. Mathematical and experimental results reveal that increasing crump rubber content reduces the wear rate of composites. Composites also show a significant decrease in specific wear values at higher applied loads. Furthermore, the coefficient of friction also shows a decreasing trend with an increase in crump rubber content, indicating the effectiveness of reinforcing crump rubber in a widely used epoxy matrix. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) results also reveal that the crump rubber content in the composite is a significant parameter to influence the wear characteristic. The post-test temperature of discs increases with an increase in the applied load, while decreasing with an increase in filler loading. Worn surfaces are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy to understand structure–property correlations. Finally, existing studies available in the literature are compared with the wear data of the present study in the form of a property map.

ACS Style

Kiran Shahapurkar; Venkatesh Chenrayan; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; Irfan Anjum Badruddin; Pavan Shahapurkar; Ashraf Elfasakhany; Ma Mujtaba; Irfanul Haque Siddiqui; Masood Ashraf Ali; Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia. Leverage of Environmental Pollutant Crump Rubber on the Dry Sliding Wear Response of Epoxy Composites. Polymers 2021, 13, 2894 .

AMA Style

Kiran Shahapurkar, Venkatesh Chenrayan, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Pavan Shahapurkar, Ashraf Elfasakhany, Ma Mujtaba, Irfanul Haque Siddiqui, Masood Ashraf Ali, Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia. Leverage of Environmental Pollutant Crump Rubber on the Dry Sliding Wear Response of Epoxy Composites. Polymers. 2021; 13 (17):2894.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kiran Shahapurkar; Venkatesh Chenrayan; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; Irfan Anjum Badruddin; Pavan Shahapurkar; Ashraf Elfasakhany; Ma Mujtaba; Irfanul Haque Siddiqui; Masood Ashraf Ali; Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia. 2021. "Leverage of Environmental Pollutant Crump Rubber on the Dry Sliding Wear Response of Epoxy Composites." Polymers 13, no. 17: 2894.

Journal article
Published: 20 August 2021 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The prevailing massive exploitation of conventional fuels has staked the energy accessibility to future generations. The gloomy peril of inflated demand and depleting fuel reservoirs in the energy sector has supposedly instigated the urgent need for reliable alternative fuels. These very issues have been addressed by introducing oxyhydrogen gas (HHO) in compression ignition (CI) engines in various flow rates with diesel for assessing brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and brake thermal efficiency (BTE). The enrichment of neat diesel fuel with 10 dm3/min of HHO resulted in the most substantial decrease in BSFC and improved BTE at all test speeds in the range of 1000–2200 rpm. Moreover, an Artificial Intelligence (AI) approach was employed for designing an ANN performance-predicting model with an engine operating on HHO. The correlation coefficients (R) of BSFC and BTE given by the ANN predicting model were 0.99764 and 0.99902, respectively. The mean root errors (MRE) of both parameters (BSFC and BTE) were within the range of 1–3% while the root mean square errors (RMSE) were 0.0122 kg/kWh and 0.2768% for BSFC and BTE, respectively. In addition, ANN was coupled with the response surface methodology (RSM) technique for comprehending the individual impact of design parameters and their statistical interactions governing the output parameters. The R2 values of RSM responses (BSFC and BTE) were near to 1 and MRE values were within the designated range. The comparative evaluation of ANN and RSM predicting models revealed that MRE and RMSE of RSM models are also well within the desired range but to be outrightly accurate and precise, the choice of ANN should be potentially endorsed. Thus, the combined use of ANN and RSM could be used effectively for reliable predictions and effective study of statistical interactions.

ACS Style

Muhammad Usman; Haris Hussain; Fahid Riaz; Muneeb Irshad; Rehmat Bashir; Muhammad Haris Shah; Adeel Ahmad Zafar; Usman Bashir; M. A. Kalam; M. A. Mujtaba; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar. Artificial Neural Network Led Optimization of Oxyhydrogen Hybridized Diesel Operated Engine. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9373 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Usman, Haris Hussain, Fahid Riaz, Muneeb Irshad, Rehmat Bashir, Muhammad Haris Shah, Adeel Ahmad Zafar, Usman Bashir, M. A. Kalam, M. A. Mujtaba, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar. Artificial Neural Network Led Optimization of Oxyhydrogen Hybridized Diesel Operated Engine. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9373.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Usman; Haris Hussain; Fahid Riaz; Muneeb Irshad; Rehmat Bashir; Muhammad Haris Shah; Adeel Ahmad Zafar; Usman Bashir; M. A. Kalam; M. A. Mujtaba; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar. 2021. "Artificial Neural Network Led Optimization of Oxyhydrogen Hybridized Diesel Operated Engine." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9373.

Journal article
Published: 13 August 2021 in Energies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Being an energy source of another origin, the compression ignition (CI) engine’s typical design parameters might not suit Simarouba oil methyl ester (SuOME). Present experimental investigation targets are determining the effects of engine design parameters, including fuel injection pressure and nozzle geometry, on the engine, concerning performance and emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and smoke opacity, with SuOME as fuel. Comparisons of brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and different emissions from the engine tailpipe were performed for different fuel injection pressures and a number of injector holes and diameter of orifices were opened in the injector to find the optimum combination to run the engine with SuOME. It was observed that the combined effect of an increase in injection pressure of 240 bar from 205 bar, and increasing number of injector holes from three to six with reduced injector hole diameters from 0.2 to 0.3 mm, recorded higher brake thermal efficiency with reduced emission levels for the SuOME mode of operation compared to the baseline standard operation with SuOME. For 240 bar compared to 205 bar of injection pressure (IP) for SuOME, the BTE increased by 2.35% and smoke opacity reduced by 1.45%. For six-hole fuel injectors compared to three-hole injectors, the BTE increased by 3.19%, HC reduced by 9.5%, and CO reduced by 14.7%. At 240 bar IP, with the six-hole injector having a 0.2 mm hole diameter compared to the 0.3 mm hole diameter, the BTE increased by 5%, HC reduced by 5.26%, CO reduced by 25.61%, smoke reduced by 10%, while NOx increased marginally by 0.27%. Hence, the six-hole FI, 240 IP, 0.2 mm FI diameter holes are suitable for diesel engine operation fueled by Simarouba biodiesel.

ACS Style

Keerthi Kumar N.; N. R. Banapurmath; T. K. Chandrashekar; Jatadhara G. S.; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; Ali E. Anqi; M. A. Mujtaba; Marjan Goodarzi; Ashraf Elfasakhany; Irfanul Haque Siddiqui; Masood Ashraf Ali. Effect of Parameters Behavior of Simarouba Methyl Ester Operated Diesel Engine. Energies 2021, 14, 4973 .

AMA Style

Keerthi Kumar N., N. R. Banapurmath, T. K. Chandrashekar, Jatadhara G. S., Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, Ali E. Anqi, M. A. Mujtaba, Marjan Goodarzi, Ashraf Elfasakhany, Irfanul Haque Siddiqui, Masood Ashraf Ali. Effect of Parameters Behavior of Simarouba Methyl Ester Operated Diesel Engine. Energies. 2021; 14 (16):4973.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Keerthi Kumar N.; N. R. Banapurmath; T. K. Chandrashekar; Jatadhara G. S.; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; Ali E. Anqi; M. A. Mujtaba; Marjan Goodarzi; Ashraf Elfasakhany; Irfanul Haque Siddiqui; Masood Ashraf Ali. 2021. "Effect of Parameters Behavior of Simarouba Methyl Ester Operated Diesel Engine." Energies 14, no. 16: 4973.

Research article
Published: 13 August 2021 in ACS Omega
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This research was aimed to examine the diesel engine’s performance and emission of secondary fuels (SFs), comprising waste plastic oil (WPO) and palm oil biodiesel (POB), and to analyze their tribological properties. Their compositions were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Five SFs (10–50% POB in WPO) were prepared by mechanical stirring. The results were compared to blank WPO (WPO100) and Malaysian commercial diesel (B10). WPO90 showed the maximum brake power (BP) and brake torque (BT) among the SFs, and their values were 0.52 and 0.59% higher compared to B10, respectively. The increase in POB ratio (20–50%) showed a negligible difference in BP and BT. WPO70 showed the lowest brake-specific fuel consumption among the SFs. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increased with POB composition. The maximum reductions in emission of hydrocarbon (HC, 37.21%) and carbon monoxide (CO, 27.10%) were achieved by WPO50 among the SFs. WPO90 showed the maximum reduction in CO2 emission (6.78%). Increasing the POB composition reduced the CO emissions and increased the CO2 emissions. All SFs showed a higher coefficient of friction (COF) than WPO100. WPO50 showed the minimal increase in COF of 2.45%. WPO90 showed the maximum reduction in wear scar diameter (WSD), by 10.34%, compared to B10. Among the secondary contaminated samples, SAE40-WPO90 showed the lowest COF, with 5.98% reduction compared to SAE40-WPO100. However, with increasing POB content in the secondary contaminated samples, the COF increased. The same trend was also observed in their WSD. Overall, WPO90 is the optimal SF with excellent potential for diesel engines.

ACS Style

Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang; Nurin Wahidah Mohd Zulkifli; Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas; Syahir Amzar Zulkifli; Abul Kalam; Muhammad Hazwan Ahmad; Mohd Nur Ashraf Mohd Yusoff; Mazrina Mazlan; Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud. Effect of Addition of Palm Oil Biodiesel in Waste Plastic Oil on Diesel Engine Performance, Emission, and Lubricity. ACS Omega 2021, 6, 21655 -21675.

AMA Style

Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang, Nurin Wahidah Mohd Zulkifli, Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas, Syahir Amzar Zulkifli, Abul Kalam, Muhammad Hazwan Ahmad, Mohd Nur Ashraf Mohd Yusoff, Mazrina Mazlan, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud. Effect of Addition of Palm Oil Biodiesel in Waste Plastic Oil on Diesel Engine Performance, Emission, and Lubricity. ACS Omega. 2021; 6 (33):21655-21675.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhamad Sharul Nizam Awang; Nurin Wahidah Mohd Zulkifli; Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas; Syahir Amzar Zulkifli; Abul Kalam; Muhammad Hazwan Ahmad; Mohd Nur Ashraf Mohd Yusoff; Mazrina Mazlan; Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud. 2021. "Effect of Addition of Palm Oil Biodiesel in Waste Plastic Oil on Diesel Engine Performance, Emission, and Lubricity." ACS Omega 6, no. 33: 21655-21675.

Journal article
Published: 30 July 2021 in Applied Sciences
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In this investigation, biodiesel was produced from Moringa oleifera oil through a transesterification process at operating conditions including a reaction temperature of 60 °C, catalyst concentration of 1% wt., reaction time of 2 h, stirring speed of 1000 rpm and methanol to oil ratio of 8.50:1. Biodiesel blends, B10 and B20, were tested in a compression ignition engine, and the performance and emission characteristics were analyzed and compared with high-speed diesel. The engine was operated at full load conditions with engine speeds varying from 1000 rpm to 2400 rpm. All the performance and exhaust pollutants results were collected and analyzed. It was found that MOB10 produced lower BP (7.44%), BSFC (7.51%), and CO2 (7.7%). The MOB10 also reduced smoke opacity (24%) and HC (10.27%). Compared to diesel, MOB10 also increased CO (2.5%) and NOx (9%) emissions.

ACS Style

Manzoore Soudagar; Haris Khan; T. Khan; Luqman Razzaq; Tahir Asif; M. Mujtaba; Abrar Hussain; Muhammad Farooq; Waqar Ahmed; Kiran Shahapurkar; Azham Alwi; T. Ibrahim; Usama Ishtiaq; Ashraf Elfasakhany; Maughal Ali Baig; Mohammad Goodarzi; Mohammad Safaei. Experimental Analysis of Engine Performance and Exhaust Pollutant on a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine Operated Using Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 7071 .

AMA Style

Manzoore Soudagar, Haris Khan, T. Khan, Luqman Razzaq, Tahir Asif, M. Mujtaba, Abrar Hussain, Muhammad Farooq, Waqar Ahmed, Kiran Shahapurkar, Azham Alwi, T. Ibrahim, Usama Ishtiaq, Ashraf Elfasakhany, Maughal Ali Baig, Mohammad Goodarzi, Mohammad Safaei. Experimental Analysis of Engine Performance and Exhaust Pollutant on a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine Operated Using Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (15):7071.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manzoore Soudagar; Haris Khan; T. Khan; Luqman Razzaq; Tahir Asif; M. Mujtaba; Abrar Hussain; Muhammad Farooq; Waqar Ahmed; Kiran Shahapurkar; Azham Alwi; T. Ibrahim; Usama Ishtiaq; Ashraf Elfasakhany; Maughal Ali Baig; Mohammad Goodarzi; Mohammad Safaei. 2021. "Experimental Analysis of Engine Performance and Exhaust Pollutant on a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine Operated Using Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15: 7071.

Journal article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Renewable Energy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This study aims to investigate the density and viscosity of ternary biodiesel blends. Fuel density and viscosity play an important role in the fuel injection system, flame propagation, and combustion process in compression ignition engine. The density and viscosity of biodiesel are higher than high-speed diesel which is an implication in the commercialization of biodiesel. In the present study, palm oil has been used for the production of biodiesel through the ultrasound-assisted transesterification process. Three different types of fuel additives including butanol, dimethyl carbonate, and plastic oil have been used for the preparation of nine ternary biodiesel blends. The density and viscosity of individual fuels and ternary biodiesel were measured experimentally in a temperature range of 281.51 K–348.15 K. For the prediction of density and viscosity of ternary biodiesel blends, four density and viscosity models were developed. The prediction accuracy of these developed models was assessed by a statistical tool absolute percentage error (APE). Newly proposed exponential regression models predicted well compared to experimental data for density and viscosity values with high regression coefficient 0.9995 and 0.9841 and lower mean absolute percentage of error 0.012 % and – 0.516 % at (348.15 K) temperature respectively. These correlations are significant for the automobile industry in developing fuel pipeline and transport equipment where additives would be present in diesel-biodiesel fuel blends.

ACS Style

M.A. Mujtaba; M.A. Kalam; H.H. Masjuki; Luqman Razzaq; Haris Mehmood Khan; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; M. Gul; Waqar Ahmed; V. Dhana Raju; Ravinder Kumar; Hwai Chyuan Ong. Development of empirical correlations for density and viscosity estimation of ternary biodiesel blends. Renewable Energy 2021, 179, 1447 -1457.

AMA Style

M.A. Mujtaba, M.A. Kalam, H.H. Masjuki, Luqman Razzaq, Haris Mehmood Khan, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, M. Gul, Waqar Ahmed, V. Dhana Raju, Ravinder Kumar, Hwai Chyuan Ong. Development of empirical correlations for density and viscosity estimation of ternary biodiesel blends. Renewable Energy. 2021; 179 ():1447-1457.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.A. Mujtaba; M.A. Kalam; H.H. Masjuki; Luqman Razzaq; Haris Mehmood Khan; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; M. Gul; Waqar Ahmed; V. Dhana Raju; Ravinder Kumar; Hwai Chyuan Ong. 2021. "Development of empirical correlations for density and viscosity estimation of ternary biodiesel blends." Renewable Energy 179, no. : 1447-1457.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2021 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In this study, engine performance on thermal factors for different biodiesels has been studied and compared with diesel fuel. Biodiesels were produced from Pongamia pinnata (PP), Calophyllum inophyllum (CI), waste cooking oil (WCO), and acid oil. Depending on their free fatty acid content, they were subjected to the transesterification process to produce biodiesel. The main characterizations of density, calorific range, cloud, pour, flash and fire point followed by the viscosity of obtained biodiesels were conducted and compared with mineral diesel. The characterization results presented benefits near to standard diesel fuel. Then the proposed diesel engine was analyzed using four blends of higher concentrations of B50, B65, B80, and B100 to better substitute fuel for mineral diesel. For each blend, different biodiesels were compared, and the relative best performance of the biodiesel is concluded. This diesel engine was tested in terms of BSFC (brake-specific fuel consumption), BTE (brake thermal efficiency), and EGT (exhaust gas temperature) calculated with the obtained results. The B50 blend of acid oil provided the highest BTE compared to other biodiesels at all loads while B50 blend of WCO provided the lowest BSFC compared to other biodiesels, and B50 blends of all biodiesels provided a minimum % of the increase in EGT compared to diesel.

ACS Style

Asif Afzal; Manzoore Soudagar; Ali Belhocine; Mohammed Kareemullah; Nazia Hossain; Saad Alshahrani; Ahamed Saleel C.; Ram Subbiah; Fazil Qureshi; M. Mujtaba. Thermal Performance of Compression Ignition Engine Using High Content Biodiesels: A Comparative Study with Diesel Fuel. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7688 .

AMA Style

Asif Afzal, Manzoore Soudagar, Ali Belhocine, Mohammed Kareemullah, Nazia Hossain, Saad Alshahrani, Ahamed Saleel C., Ram Subbiah, Fazil Qureshi, M. Mujtaba. Thermal Performance of Compression Ignition Engine Using High Content Biodiesels: A Comparative Study with Diesel Fuel. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7688.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Asif Afzal; Manzoore Soudagar; Ali Belhocine; Mohammed Kareemullah; Nazia Hossain; Saad Alshahrani; Ahamed Saleel C.; Ram Subbiah; Fazil Qureshi; M. Mujtaba. 2021. "Thermal Performance of Compression Ignition Engine Using High Content Biodiesels: A Comparative Study with Diesel Fuel." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7688.

Research article
Published: 30 June 2021 in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The extensive usage of petroleum products in the power sector, industries, and transportation may lead to the depletion of fossil resources. Also, the most important human challenges of the 21st century are global warming and climate changes due to increased pollution levels. Nowadays, the need for new energy sources is one of the foremost problems of all countries in the world. The current experimental work is primarily focusing on the exploration of neat tamarind seed methyl ester (TSME) as a sustainable energy source for diesel engines. All the physicochemical properties were determined experimentally with concern to ASTM standards and compared with diesel fuel. Initially, tests were performed on a diesel engine with diesel and neat tamarind biodiesel in standard operating conditions 23º CA bTDC. Later, the injection timing was varied like 19º CA bTDC and 27º CA bTDC for the neat tamarind biofuel. A test result found with TSME biofuel that enhancement in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 4.07% was achieved with the retardation of engine injection timing when compared to standard injection timing. Also, it was found that drastic reduction of exhaust emissions by 9.7%of CO, 15.8% of HC and 6% of SO have resulted in the retarded injection timing of TSME when compared to standard conditions of TSME at full load. However, the oxides of nitrogen emissions were increased. To control the oxides of nitrogen emissions, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) at two levels such as 10% and 20% were used when the engine was operated at retarded injection timing (IT) with TSME. It was found that TSME with 10% EGR inferred a drastic reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions by 30% and 37.7% over diesel and TSME, respectively, at full load.

ACS Style

Katuru Bala Prasad; Vallapudi Dhana Raju; Areef Ahamad Shaik; Radha Krishna Gopidesi; Mule Bala Satya Sreekara Reddy; Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar; Muhammad Abbas Mujtaba. Impact of injection timings and exhaust gas recirculation rates on the characteristics of diesel engine operated with neat tamarind biodiesel. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 2021, 1 -19.

AMA Style

Katuru Bala Prasad, Vallapudi Dhana Raju, Areef Ahamad Shaik, Radha Krishna Gopidesi, Mule Bala Satya Sreekara Reddy, Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar, Muhammad Abbas Mujtaba. Impact of injection timings and exhaust gas recirculation rates on the characteristics of diesel engine operated with neat tamarind biodiesel. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2021; ():1-19.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katuru Bala Prasad; Vallapudi Dhana Raju; Areef Ahamad Shaik; Radha Krishna Gopidesi; Mule Bala Satya Sreekara Reddy; Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar; Muhammad Abbas Mujtaba. 2021. "Impact of injection timings and exhaust gas recirculation rates on the characteristics of diesel engine operated with neat tamarind biodiesel." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects , no. : 1-19.

Review
Published: 29 June 2021 in Processes
Reads 0
Downloads 0

One of the greatest challenges of the 21st century is to fulfill the growing energy needs sustainably and cost-effectively. Among the different sources of energy, biodiesel is one of the alternative energy sources that has tremendous potential to become a major mainstream renewable energy mix. Jatropha is an important raw input for biodiesel that provides an ecological and sustainable solution for emerging greenhouse gas emissions over the other biomass feedstock. This paper critically evaluates different factors and presents a SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) and barriers to the adoption of Jatropha biodiesel. In Pakistan, the estimated production of Jatropha biodiesel is expected to be 2.93 million tons, that are calculated from available barren land and possible shortlisted suitable areas for Jatropha plantation. It is ~25% of the total import (11.84 million tons) of petroleum products, which can save ~$2 billion USD reserves of Pakistan. The cultivation of Jatropha on barren land is an environmentally and economically lucrative approach for Pakistan. This study has real implications for developing a policy framework related to the environment and socio-economic feasibility of Jatropha biodiesel production in Pakistan.

ACS Style

Haseeb Yaqoob; Yew Teoh; Farooq Sher; Muhammad Ashraf; Sana Amjad; Muhammad Jamil; Muhammad Jamil; M. Mujtaba. Jatropha Curcas Biodiesel: A Lucrative Recipe for Pakistan’s Energy Sector. Processes 2021, 9, 1129 .

AMA Style

Haseeb Yaqoob, Yew Teoh, Farooq Sher, Muhammad Ashraf, Sana Amjad, Muhammad Jamil, Muhammad Jamil, M. Mujtaba. Jatropha Curcas Biodiesel: A Lucrative Recipe for Pakistan’s Energy Sector. Processes. 2021; 9 (7):1129.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haseeb Yaqoob; Yew Teoh; Farooq Sher; Muhammad Ashraf; Sana Amjad; Muhammad Jamil; Muhammad Jamil; M. Mujtaba. 2021. "Jatropha Curcas Biodiesel: A Lucrative Recipe for Pakistan’s Energy Sector." Processes 9, no. 7: 1129.

Journal article
Published: 09 June 2021 in Materials
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present study deals with the development of a prediction model to investigate the impact of temperature and moisture on the vibration response of a skew laminated composite sandwich (LCS) plate using the artificial neural network (ANN) technique. Firstly, a finite element model is generated to incorporate the hygro-elastic and thermo-elastic characteristics of the LCS plate using first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). Graphite-epoxy composite laminates are used as the face sheets, and DYAD606 viscoelastic material is used as the core material. Non-linear strain-displacement relations are used to generate the initial stiffness matrix in order to represent the stiffness generated from the uniformly varying temperature and moisture concentrations. The mechanical stiffness matrix is derived using linear strain-displacement associations. Then the results obtained from the numerical model are used to train the ANN. About 11,520 data points were collected from the numerical analysis and were used to train the network using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. The developed ANN model is used to study the influence of various process parameters on the frequency response of the system, and the outcomes are compared with the results obtained from the numerical model. Several numerical examples are presented and conferred to comprehend the influence of temperature and moisture on the LCS plates.

ACS Style

Vinayak Kallannavar; Subhaschandra Kattimani; Manzoore Soudagar; M. Mujtaba; Saad Alshahrani; Muhammad Imran. Neural Network-Based Prediction Model to Investigate the Influence of Temperature and Moisture on Vibration Characteristics of Skew Laminated Composite Sandwich Plates. Materials 2021, 14, 3170 .

AMA Style

Vinayak Kallannavar, Subhaschandra Kattimani, Manzoore Soudagar, M. Mujtaba, Saad Alshahrani, Muhammad Imran. Neural Network-Based Prediction Model to Investigate the Influence of Temperature and Moisture on Vibration Characteristics of Skew Laminated Composite Sandwich Plates. Materials. 2021; 14 (12):3170.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vinayak Kallannavar; Subhaschandra Kattimani; Manzoore Soudagar; M. Mujtaba; Saad Alshahrani; Muhammad Imran. 2021. "Neural Network-Based Prediction Model to Investigate the Influence of Temperature and Moisture on Vibration Characteristics of Skew Laminated Composite Sandwich Plates." Materials 14, no. 12: 3170.

Journal article
Published: 06 June 2021 in Alexandria Engineering Journal
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Excessive fuel demand thrusts the Pakistani government to import large volumes of fuel from foreign sources, creating adverse effects on the country’s economy. Therefore, exploring an alternative to fossil fuels is unavoidable. The option of environmentally friendly fuel like biodiesel produced from indigenous waste is an additional bonus for the populous developing country like Pakistan where likelihood of waste generation is huge. There exists a potential option for sustainable biodiesel production utilizing excessive waste cooking oil available in the country which otherwise is an ecological burden. The present work is focused to sturdily vindicate the appropriateness of waste cooking oil-based biodiesel generation and utilization in Pakistan through SWOT-AHP, TOWS and PESTLE analysis. The prioritization of SWOT through AHP in view of experts’ perception displayed the strengths and opportunities in highest group priority values (Strengths: 0.51, Opportunities: 0.29). Furthermore, TOWS analysis suggests promising strategies for the sustainable implementation of commercial aspect of waste oil-based biodiesel in Pakistan. Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental (PESTLE) analysis favors the strengths and opportunities factors of SWOT and TOWS strategies for the application of waste cooking oil based biodiesel in country. At the end, regional recommendations have been provided for the implementation of biodiesel production scenario in country.

ACS Style

Haris Mahmood Khan; Tanveer Iqbal; Saima Yasin; Muhammad Irfan; Mohsin Kazmi; H. Fayaz; M.A. Mujtaba; Chaudhry Haider Ali; M.A. Kalam; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; Nehar Ullah. Production and utilization aspects of waste cooking oil based biodiesel in Pakistan. Alexandria Engineering Journal 2021, 60, 5831 -5849.

AMA Style

Haris Mahmood Khan, Tanveer Iqbal, Saima Yasin, Muhammad Irfan, Mohsin Kazmi, H. Fayaz, M.A. Mujtaba, Chaudhry Haider Ali, M.A. Kalam, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, Nehar Ullah. Production and utilization aspects of waste cooking oil based biodiesel in Pakistan. Alexandria Engineering Journal. 2021; 60 (6):5831-5849.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haris Mahmood Khan; Tanveer Iqbal; Saima Yasin; Muhammad Irfan; Mohsin Kazmi; H. Fayaz; M.A. Mujtaba; Chaudhry Haider Ali; M.A. Kalam; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; Nehar Ullah. 2021. "Production and utilization aspects of waste cooking oil based biodiesel in Pakistan." Alexandria Engineering Journal 60, no. 6: 5831-5849.

Short communication
Published: 25 May 2021 in Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are rapidly emerging as efficient solar cells due to the efficient photovoltaic and physiochemical properties. Ideally, the absorber layer in PSCs is sandwiched between highly conductive electron transport layer (ETL) and highly stable hole transport layer (HTL). The interfaces between these layers highly affect the performance of PSCs. In this study Magnesium (Mg) doped TiO2 based ETL is systematically investigated to enhance the optical and morphological properties of the layer and the interface. It was observed that with Mg doping in mesoporous TiO2, morphology of TiO2 based ETL film was significantly improved thereby providing an interface for the growth of absorber layer. Optoelectronic studies suggested that band gap was effectively reduced with the addition of Mg and absorption range was also enhanced. Electrical analysis yielded, Mg doped TiO2 based ETL showed enhanced conduction and better sheet carrier mobility as compared to undoped films. Thermal studies indicate fabrication of a thermally stable ETL material for PSCs. Moreover, Current density-Voltage (J-V) measurements indicated more than two-fold increase in photovoltaic efficiency of 3 wt% Mg.

ACS Style

Zafar Arshad; Asif Hussain Khoja; Sehar Shakir; Asif Afzal; M.A. Mujtaba; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; H. Fayaz; Ahamed Saleel C; Sarah Farukh; Mudassar Saeed. Magnesium doped TiO2 as an efficient electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 2021, 26, 101101 .

AMA Style

Zafar Arshad, Asif Hussain Khoja, Sehar Shakir, Asif Afzal, M.A. Mujtaba, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, H. Fayaz, Ahamed Saleel C, Sarah Farukh, Mudassar Saeed. Magnesium doped TiO2 as an efficient electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering. 2021; 26 ():101101.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zafar Arshad; Asif Hussain Khoja; Sehar Shakir; Asif Afzal; M.A. Mujtaba; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; H. Fayaz; Ahamed Saleel C; Sarah Farukh; Mudassar Saeed. 2021. "Magnesium doped TiO2 as an efficient electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 26, no. : 101101.

Short communication
Published: 21 May 2021 in Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Thermal modelling of Li-ion battery system used in electric/hybrid electric vehicles is carried out. The main highlight of this study is the numerical modelling of Li-ion battery using finite volume method with the adoption of realistic coupled heat and fluid flow process. Thermal characters of the battery system are analyzed with the change in parameters like flow Reynolds number, battery internal heat generation, the length to width ratio, and the conduction-convection related parameter at the interface of battery and air. In detail analysis of maximum temperature, heat flux variations, Nusselt number, friction coefficient, coolant temperature, and velocity distributions are carried out. Finally, the effect of channel width formed between two parallel placed battery cells is also carried. The numerical analysis performed reveals that the length to width ratio of battery does not impact the thermal performance of battery. At lower Reynolds number, the conduction-convection parameter plays a significant role in reduction of battery temperature avoiding thermal stresses developed. Channel spacing has a prominent role in variation of battery and coolant temperature. The battery surface temperature is largely affected by parameters considered. However, it is at higher input of conduction-convection parameter, Reynolds number, and channel spacing the thermal variation remains insignificant.

ACS Style

Asif Afzal; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; R.D. Jilte; Muhammad Ibrahim; Rahul Kumar; M.A. Mujtaba; Saad Alshahrani; C. Ahamed Saleel. Thermal modelling and characteristic evaluation of electric vehicle battery system. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 2021, 26, 101058 .

AMA Style

Asif Afzal, Abdul Razak Kaladgi, R.D. Jilte, Muhammad Ibrahim, Rahul Kumar, M.A. Mujtaba, Saad Alshahrani, C. Ahamed Saleel. Thermal modelling and characteristic evaluation of electric vehicle battery system. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering. 2021; 26 ():101058.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Asif Afzal; Abdul Razak Kaladgi; R.D. Jilte; Muhammad Ibrahim; Rahul Kumar; M.A. Mujtaba; Saad Alshahrani; C. Ahamed Saleel. 2021. "Thermal modelling and characteristic evaluation of electric vehicle battery system." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 26, no. : 101058.

Review
Published: 13 May 2021 in Catalysts
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Slaughterhouse waste is considered to be an emerging issue because of its disposal cost. As an alternative, it would be a great prospect for the bioeconomy society to explore new usages of these leftover materials. As per food safety rules mentioned by EU legislation, all bone waste generated by slaughterhouses ought to be disposed of by rendering. The huge quantity of worldwide bone waste generation (130 billion kilograms per annum) is an environmental burden if not properly managed. The waste animal bones can be efficiently employed as a heterogeneous catalyst to produce biodiesel. This mini review summarized the recent literature reported for biodiesel generation using waste animal bones derived heterogeneous catalyst. It discusses the sources of bone waste, catalyst preparation methods, particularly calcination and its effects, and important characteristics of bones derived catalyst. It suggests that catalysts extracted from waste animal bones have suitable catalytic activity in transesterification of different oil sources to generate a good quality biodiesel.

ACS Style

Fayaz Hussain; Saad Alshahrani; Muhammad Abbas; Haris Khan; Asif Jamil; Haseeb Yaqoob; Manzoore Soudagar; Muhammad Imran; Mushtaq Ahmad; Mamoona Munir. Waste Animal Bones as Catalysts for Biodiesel Production; A Mini Review. Catalysts 2021, 11, 630 .

AMA Style

Fayaz Hussain, Saad Alshahrani, Muhammad Abbas, Haris Khan, Asif Jamil, Haseeb Yaqoob, Manzoore Soudagar, Muhammad Imran, Mushtaq Ahmad, Mamoona Munir. Waste Animal Bones as Catalysts for Biodiesel Production; A Mini Review. Catalysts. 2021; 11 (5):630.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fayaz Hussain; Saad Alshahrani; Muhammad Abbas; Haris Khan; Asif Jamil; Haseeb Yaqoob; Manzoore Soudagar; Muhammad Imran; Mushtaq Ahmad; Mamoona Munir. 2021. "Waste Animal Bones as Catalysts for Biodiesel Production; A Mini Review." Catalysts 11, no. 5: 630.

Short communication
Published: 01 May 2021 in Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In the current study, the ratio of a precise heat transfer growth to the different wt.% of the Zinc oxide-DW (ZnO-DW) based nanofluids are considered in a closed single-tube circular heat exchanger experimentally and by using ANSYS modeling. Four varying concentrations, 0.1%, 0.075%, 0.05%, and 0.025% wt. of the ZnO-DW nanofluids were considered and their thermal and hydrodynamic characteristics were determined experimentally and numerically. The experiments were conducted with base fluid (distilled water) as a working fluid for the validation of the 2-D numerical model. Using ANSYS-Fluent, a 2-dimensional domain was constructed and k-ϵ turbulent model was utilized to evaluate the continuity, energy, and momentum equations. All the nanofluids were experimentally and numerically examined with Reynolds (Re) numbers ranging from 5849 to 24544 and then validated using empirical correlations. Reynolds (Re) number, heat transfer coefficient, and Nusselt number were calculated and analyzed. The highest pressure drop was noticed for 0.1 wt% which is about 11184.9 m.Pas, while the highest friction (f) was 0.072983. Similarly, the maximum average heat transfer coefficient (h) and average Nusslet numbers (Nu) were been calculated both numerically and experimentally. At the highest 0.1 wt%. concentration of the ZnO-DW based nanofluids the supreme heat transfer was recorded about 13799.50 W/m2.K (71%) and the average Nusselt numbers (Nu) were noticed 176.47 (67.3%). Both experimental and ANSYS modeling results reflected that the 0.1% ZnO-DW based nanofluids contributed the highest heat transfer coefficient with an overall average deviation up to ±9.2%. Both experimental and numerical results showed promising and similar outcomes.

ACS Style

Waqar Ahmed; Z.Z. Chowdhury; S.N. Kazi; Mohd. Rafie Bin Johan; Ali H. Abdelrazek; H. Fayaz; IrfanAnjum Badruddin; M.A. Mujtaba; Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar; Naveed Akram; Shahid Mehmood; Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad; Sarfaraz Kamangar; T.M. Yunus Khan. Experimental evaluation and numerical verification of enhanced heat transportation by using ultrasonic assisted nanofluids in a closed horizontal circular passage. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 2021, 26, 101026 .

AMA Style

Waqar Ahmed, Z.Z. Chowdhury, S.N. Kazi, Mohd. Rafie Bin Johan, Ali H. Abdelrazek, H. Fayaz, IrfanAnjum Badruddin, M.A. Mujtaba, Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar, Naveed Akram, Shahid Mehmood, Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad, Sarfaraz Kamangar, T.M. Yunus Khan. Experimental evaluation and numerical verification of enhanced heat transportation by using ultrasonic assisted nanofluids in a closed horizontal circular passage. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering. 2021; 26 ():101026.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waqar Ahmed; Z.Z. Chowdhury; S.N. Kazi; Mohd. Rafie Bin Johan; Ali H. Abdelrazek; H. Fayaz; IrfanAnjum Badruddin; M.A. Mujtaba; Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar; Naveed Akram; Shahid Mehmood; Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad; Sarfaraz Kamangar; T.M. Yunus Khan. 2021. "Experimental evaluation and numerical verification of enhanced heat transportation by using ultrasonic assisted nanofluids in a closed horizontal circular passage." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 26, no. : 101026.

Journal article
Published: 23 April 2021 in Energies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In this research, Zinc Oxide-Ethylene @ glycol distilled water based nanofluid was synthesized using the sonochemical method. The convective heat transfer properties of as synthesized nanofluid were observed for a closed single circular tube pipe in turbulent flow regimes. The prepared nanofluids were characterized by ultra violet spectroscopy (UV–VIS), UV–VIS absorbance, X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and stability analysis. Five calibrated k-type thermocouples were mounted on the surface of the test section. Analytical data related to heat transfer properties of the synthesized nanofluid for the heat exchanger, incorporated with the closed circular tube test section were collected. The addition of ZnO solid nanoparticles in the [email protected] mixture enhanced the value of thermal conductivity and other thermophysical characteristics of the nanofluids. Maximum thermal conductivity was observed at 45 °C for using 0.1 wt.% of ZnO nanoparticles [email protected] nanofluid. Increasing the wt.% of ZnO solid nanoparticles in the [email protected] mixture had increased the thermal conductivity subsequently with change in temperature from 20 to 45 °C. Furthermore, Nusselt numbers of [email protected] nanofluid was estimated for the various concentration of ZnO present in [email protected] fluid. The presence of ZnO solid nanoparticles into the [email protected] base fluid escalate the Nusselt (Nu) number by 49.5%, 40.79%, 37% and 23.06% for 0.1, 0.075, 0.05 and 0.025 wt.% concentrations, respectively, at room temperature. Varying wt.% of ZnO (0.1, 0.075, 0.05 and 0.025) nanoparticles had shown improved heat transfer (h) properties compared to the base fluid alone. The absolute average heat transfer of [email protected] nanofluid using the highest concentration of 0.1 wt.% was improved compared to the [email protected] mixture. The magnitude of absolute average heat transfer was increased from 600 W/m2k for the [email protected] mixture to 1200 W/m2k for [email protected] nanofluid. Similarly, the heat transfer improvement for the other three wt.% (0.075, 0.05 and 0.025) was noticed as 600–1160, 600–950 and 600–900 W/m2k, respectively, which is greater than base fluid.

ACS Style

Waqar Ahmed; Zaira Zaman Chowdhury; Salim Kazi; Mohd. Johan; Irfan Badruddin; Manzoore Soudagar; Sarfaraz Kamangar; Muhammad Mujtaba; Mustabshirha Gul; T.M. Khan. Evaluation on Enhanced Heat Transfer Using Sonochemically Synthesized Stable [email protected] Nanofluids in Horizontal Calibrated Circular Flow Passage. Energies 2021, 14, 2400 .

AMA Style

Waqar Ahmed, Zaira Zaman Chowdhury, Salim Kazi, Mohd. Johan, Irfan Badruddin, Manzoore Soudagar, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Muhammad Mujtaba, Mustabshirha Gul, T.M. Khan. Evaluation on Enhanced Heat Transfer Using Sonochemically Synthesized Stable [email protected] Nanofluids in Horizontal Calibrated Circular Flow Passage. Energies. 2021; 14 (9):2400.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waqar Ahmed; Zaira Zaman Chowdhury; Salim Kazi; Mohd. Johan; Irfan Badruddin; Manzoore Soudagar; Sarfaraz Kamangar; Muhammad Mujtaba; Mustabshirha Gul; T.M. Khan. 2021. "Evaluation on Enhanced Heat Transfer Using Sonochemically Synthesized Stable [email protected] Nanofluids in Horizontal Calibrated Circular Flow Passage." Energies 14, no. 9: 2400.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2021 in Alexandria Engineering Journal
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Dilution of engine oil with unburned fuels alters its lubricity and tribological properties. In this research paper, SAE-40 lubricating oil samples were contaminated with known percentages (5%) of fuels (diesel, palm-sesame biodiesel blend (B30), B30 + ethanol, B30 + dimethyl carbonate, B30 + carbon nanotubes and, B30 + titanium oxide). The effect of all these fuels on wear and frictional characteristics of lubricating oil was determined by using a 4-ball tribo tester and wear types on worn surfaces were analyzed by using SEM. Lubricating oil diluted with B10 (commercial diesel) showed highest COF (42.95%) with severe abrasive and adhesive wear than mineral lubricant among other fuels. Lubricating oil diluted with palm-sesame biodiesel (B30 blend) with alcoholic additives showed comparatively less COF, less wear scar diameter and polishing wear due to presence of ester molecules. Lub + B30 + Eth exhibited increment in COF value (35.81%) compared to SAE-40 mineral lubricant. While lubricating oil contaminated with B30 with nanoparticles showed least frictional characteristics with abrasive wear. Lub + B30 + TiO2 showed least increment in COF value (13.78%) among all other contaminated fuels compared to SAE-40 mineral lubricant. It is concluded that nanoparticles in biodiesel blends (B30) helps in reducing degradation of lubricants than alcoholic fuel additives and commercial diesel.

ACS Style

M.A. Mujtaba; M.A. Kalam; H.H. Masjuki; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; Haris Mehmood Khan; H. Fayaz; M. Farooq; M. Gul; Waqar Ahmed; Mushtaq Ahmad; Mamoona Munir; Haseeb Yaqoob; Olusegun D. Samuel; Luqman Razzaq. Effect of palm-sesame biodiesel fuels with alcoholic and nanoparticle additives on tribological characteristics of lubricating oil by four ball tribo-tester. Alexandria Engineering Journal 2021, 60, 4537 -4546.

AMA Style

M.A. Mujtaba, M.A. Kalam, H.H. Masjuki, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, Haris Mehmood Khan, H. Fayaz, M. Farooq, M. Gul, Waqar Ahmed, Mushtaq Ahmad, Mamoona Munir, Haseeb Yaqoob, Olusegun D. Samuel, Luqman Razzaq. Effect of palm-sesame biodiesel fuels with alcoholic and nanoparticle additives on tribological characteristics of lubricating oil by four ball tribo-tester. Alexandria Engineering Journal. 2021; 60 (5):4537-4546.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.A. Mujtaba; M.A. Kalam; H.H. Masjuki; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; Haris Mehmood Khan; H. Fayaz; M. Farooq; M. Gul; Waqar Ahmed; Mushtaq Ahmad; Mamoona Munir; Haseeb Yaqoob; Olusegun D. Samuel; Luqman Razzaq. 2021. "Effect of palm-sesame biodiesel fuels with alcoholic and nanoparticle additives on tribological characteristics of lubricating oil by four ball tribo-tester." Alexandria Engineering Journal 60, no. 5: 4537-4546.

Short communication
Published: 17 March 2021 in Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In the current study, an effort is carried out to study the influence of pentanol as low reactive fuel (LRF) along with diesel and Thevetia peruviana methyl ester (TPME) as high reactive fuels (HRF) in reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine. The experiments are conducted on dual fuel engine at 50% load for RCCI mode of operation by varying pentanol percentage in injected fuels. The results revealed that RCCI mode of operation at 10% of pentanol in injected fuels exhibited higher brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 22.15% for diesel and pentanol fuel combination, which is about 9.1% and 27.3% higher than other B20 and pentanol, B100 and pentanol fuel combinations respectively. As the percentage of pentanol increased in injected fuels, hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions are increased while nitrogen oxide (NOx) and smoke emissions are decreased. Among various fuel combinations tested diesel and pentanol fuel combination gives lower HC, CO and smoke emissions and higher NOx emissions. At 10% pentanol in injected fuels, the highest heat release rate (HRR) and in-cylinder pressure are found for diesel and pentanol fuel combinations compared with other fuels.

ACS Style

P.A. Harari; N.R. Banapurmath; V.S. Yaliwal; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; T.M. Yunus Khan; M.A. Mujtaba; Mohammad Reza Safaei; Naveed Akram; Marjan Goodarzi; Ashraf Elfasakhany; Ahmed I. El-Seesy. Experimental investigation on compression ignition engine powered with pentanol and thevetia peruviana methyl ester under reactivity controlled compression ignition mode of operation. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 2021, 25, 100921 .

AMA Style

P.A. Harari, N.R. Banapurmath, V.S. Yaliwal, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, T.M. Yunus Khan, M.A. Mujtaba, Mohammad Reza Safaei, Naveed Akram, Marjan Goodarzi, Ashraf Elfasakhany, Ahmed I. El-Seesy. Experimental investigation on compression ignition engine powered with pentanol and thevetia peruviana methyl ester under reactivity controlled compression ignition mode of operation. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering. 2021; 25 ():100921.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P.A. Harari; N.R. Banapurmath; V.S. Yaliwal; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; T.M. Yunus Khan; M.A. Mujtaba; Mohammad Reza Safaei; Naveed Akram; Marjan Goodarzi; Ashraf Elfasakhany; Ahmed I. El-Seesy. 2021. "Experimental investigation on compression ignition engine powered with pentanol and thevetia peruviana methyl ester under reactivity controlled compression ignition mode of operation." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 25, no. : 100921.

Review
Published: 15 March 2021 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Energy is essential for the nature of life and the development of countries. The main demand for the 21st century is to fulfill growing energy needs. Pakistan, through the use of fossil fuels, meets energy demands. There is pressure on the economy of the country due to the massive reliance on fossil fuels, and this tendency is influenced by various environmental impacts. To overcome the burden on fossil fuels, more attention has been drawn to provide fossil fuel substitution. Tire pyrolysis is among the effective substitutes of the fuel technology that generates useful products of liquid oil, char, and pyro gas. This research focuses on the environmental, social, and economic viability of tire pyrolysis oil in Pakistan. This study estimates the production and potential of tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) in Pakistan. Based on the calculations, the potential of tire pyrolysis oil production in Pakistan from 2015–2019 is 468,081 to 548,406 tons. The potential production of TPO in 2018–2019 was ~8.30% of the total import (6.6 million tons) of crude oil. Therefore, tire pyrolysis oil is considered an alternative fuel representing an economic and environmentally viability solution for Pakistan.

ACS Style

Haseeb Yaqoob; Yew Teoh; Farooq Sher; Muhammad Jamil; Daniyal Murtaza; Mansour Al Qubeissi; Mehtab Ui Hassan; M. Mujtaba. Current Status and Potential of Tire Pyrolysis Oil Production as an Alternative Fuel in Developing Countries. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3214 .

AMA Style

Haseeb Yaqoob, Yew Teoh, Farooq Sher, Muhammad Jamil, Daniyal Murtaza, Mansour Al Qubeissi, Mehtab Ui Hassan, M. Mujtaba. Current Status and Potential of Tire Pyrolysis Oil Production as an Alternative Fuel in Developing Countries. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3214.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haseeb Yaqoob; Yew Teoh; Farooq Sher; Muhammad Jamil; Daniyal Murtaza; Mansour Al Qubeissi; Mehtab Ui Hassan; M. Mujtaba. 2021. "Current Status and Potential of Tire Pyrolysis Oil Production as an Alternative Fuel in Developing Countries." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3214.

Journal article
Published: 09 March 2021 in Energies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The present study examines the effect of silicon dioxide (SiO2) nano-additives on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with soybean biodiesel. Soybean biofuel was prepared using the transesterification process. The morphology of nano-additives was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The Ultrasonication process was used for the homogeneous blending of nano-additives with biodiesel, while surfactant was used for the stabilisation of nano-additives. The physicochemical properties of pure and blended fuel samples were measured as per ASTM standards. The performance and emissions characteristics of different fuel samples were measured at different loading conditions. It was found that the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) increased by 3.48–6.39% and 5.81–9.88%, respectively, with the addition of SiO2 nano-additives. The carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) and smoke emissions for nano-additive added blends were decreased by 1.9–17.5%, 20.56–27.5% and 10.16–23.54% compared to SBME25 fuel blends.

ACS Style

R. Gavhane; A. Kate; Manzoore Soudagar; V. Wakchaure; Sagar Balgude; I. Rizwanul Fattah; Nik-Nazri Nik-Ghazali; H. Fayaz; T. Khan; M. Mujtaba; Ravinder Kumar; M. Shahabuddin. Influence of Silica Nano-Additives on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Soybean Biodiesel Fuelled Diesel Engine. Energies 2021, 14, 1489 .

AMA Style

R. Gavhane, A. Kate, Manzoore Soudagar, V. Wakchaure, Sagar Balgude, I. Rizwanul Fattah, Nik-Nazri Nik-Ghazali, H. Fayaz, T. Khan, M. Mujtaba, Ravinder Kumar, M. Shahabuddin. Influence of Silica Nano-Additives on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Soybean Biodiesel Fuelled Diesel Engine. Energies. 2021; 14 (5):1489.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R. Gavhane; A. Kate; Manzoore Soudagar; V. Wakchaure; Sagar Balgude; I. Rizwanul Fattah; Nik-Nazri Nik-Ghazali; H. Fayaz; T. Khan; M. Mujtaba; Ravinder Kumar; M. Shahabuddin. 2021. "Influence of Silica Nano-Additives on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Soybean Biodiesel Fuelled Diesel Engine." Energies 14, no. 5: 1489.