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Although the use of bisphenol A (BPA) has been banned in a number of countries, its presence in the environment still creates health issues both for humans and wildlife. So far, BPA toxicity has been largely investigated on different biological processes, from reproduction to development, immune system, and metabolism. In zebrafish, Danio rerio, previous studies revealed the ability of environmentally relevant concentrations of this contaminant to significantly impair fertility via epigenetic modification. In addition, several studies demonstrated the ability of different probiotic strains to improve organism health. This study provides information on the role of the probiotic mixture SLAb51 to counteract adverse BPA effects on reproduction. A 28-day trial was set up with different experimental groups: BPA, exposed to 10 µg/L BPA; P, receiving a dietary supplementation of SLAb51 at a final concentration of 109 CFU/g; BPA+P exposed to 10 µg/L BPA and receiving SLAb51 at a final concentration of 109 CFU/g and a C group. Since oocyte growth and maturation represent key aspects for fertility in females, studies were performed on isolated class III (vitellogenic) and IV (in maturation) follicles and liver, with emphasis on the modulation of the different vitellogenin isoforms. In males, key signals regulating spermatogenesis were investigated. Results demonstrated that in fish exposed to the combination of BPA and probiotic, most of the transcripts were closer to C or P levels, supporting the hypothesis of SLAb51 to antagonize BPA toxicity. This study represents the first evidence related to the use of SLAb51 to improve reproduction and open new fields of investigation regarding its use to reduce endocrine disrupting compound impacts on health.
Christian Giommi; Hamid R. Habibi; Michela Candelma; Oliana Carnevali; Francesca Maradonna. Probiotic Administration Mitigates Bisphenol A Reproductive Toxicity in Zebrafish. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 9314 .
AMA StyleChristian Giommi, Hamid R. Habibi, Michela Candelma, Oliana Carnevali, Francesca Maradonna. Probiotic Administration Mitigates Bisphenol A Reproductive Toxicity in Zebrafish. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (17):9314.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristian Giommi; Hamid R. Habibi; Michela Candelma; Oliana Carnevali; Francesca Maradonna. 2021. "Probiotic Administration Mitigates Bisphenol A Reproductive Toxicity in Zebrafish." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17: 9314.
Di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP) is a plasticizer reported to elicit hormone-like activity and disrupt metabolism and reproduction in fish and other vertebrates. In general, phthalates have been used at high concentrations beyond reported environmental levels to assess their adverse effects on fish gonadal physiology. The present study exposed adult female zebrafish to a wide range of DiNP concentrations [0.42 µg L−1 (10−9 M), 4.2 µg L−1 (10−8 M), and 42 µg L−1 (10−7 M)] for 21 days. We evaluated gene expression profiles related to apoptosis, autophagy, and oxidative stress; DNA fragmentation (TUNEL assay: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) and caspase activity (CAS3) were also examined. Exposure to 0.42 and 4.2 µg L−1 upregulated the genes coding for tnfa and baxa, sod1, prkaa1, respectively. CAS3 immunohistochemistry revealed a higher number of positive vitellogenic oocytes in ovaries exposed to 0.42 µg L−1. Subsequently, we examined the relationship between CAS3 signaling and DNA fragmentation. Accordingly, DNA fragmentation was observed in vitellogenic follicles of fish exposed to 0.42 and 4.2 μg L−1. Our results demonstrate that follicular atresia can occur after exposure to environmental levels of DiNP for 21 days, which may adversely affect the reproductive performance of female zebrafish in a non-monotonic manner.
Filipe G. Andrade Godoi; Isabel Forner-Piquer; Basilio Randazzo; Hamid R. Habibi; Fabiana L. Lo Nostro; Renata Guimarães Moreira; Oliana Carnevali. Effects of Di-Isononyl Phthalate (DiNP) on Follicular Atresia in Zebrafish Ovary. Frontiers in Endocrinology 2021, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleFilipe G. Andrade Godoi, Isabel Forner-Piquer, Basilio Randazzo, Hamid R. Habibi, Fabiana L. Lo Nostro, Renata Guimarães Moreira, Oliana Carnevali. Effects of Di-Isononyl Phthalate (DiNP) on Follicular Atresia in Zebrafish Ovary. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2021; 12 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFilipe G. Andrade Godoi; Isabel Forner-Piquer; Basilio Randazzo; Hamid R. Habibi; Fabiana L. Lo Nostro; Renata Guimarães Moreira; Oliana Carnevali. 2021. "Effects of Di-Isononyl Phthalate (DiNP) on Follicular Atresia in Zebrafish Ovary." Frontiers in Endocrinology 12, no. : 1.
The study focused on the macroscopic, histological, and biometric analysis of European hake females in GSA 17 (Central-North Adriatic Sea). From 2013 to 2015, 976 females were collected and analyzed monthly. Though females in spawning conditions were found during the whole year, the trend of GSI showed a peak of the reproductive season from April to July in 2014 and 2015. HSI and Kn reached the highest values in September, after the spawning peaks. In 2013, the trend of these indices did not highlight an evident peak, probably due to an adverse event that occurred in the previous winter in the Adriatic shelf. The length at first maturity (L50) was estimated by macroscopic and histological approaches, resulting in 30.81 cm for the macroscopical length and 33.73 cm for the histological length; both values are higher than the current catching legal size. For the first time in this area, batch and relative fecundity were estimated. Relative fecundity was similar to the Mediterranean and the Atlantic stocks, whereas batch fecundity values were lower compared to other fishing grounds. Overall, the analysis of reproductive parameters plays a fundamental role in the sustainable management of this resource in an area as overfished as the Central-North Adriatic Sea.
Michela Candelma; Luca Marisaldi; Daniela Bertotto; Giuseppe Radaelli; Giorgia Gioacchini; Alberto Santojanni; Sabrina Colella; Oliana Carnevali. Aspects of Reproductive Biology of the European Hake (Merluccius merluccius) in the Northern and Central Adriatic Sea (GSA 17-Central Mediterranean Sea). Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2021, 9, 389 .
AMA StyleMichela Candelma, Luca Marisaldi, Daniela Bertotto, Giuseppe Radaelli, Giorgia Gioacchini, Alberto Santojanni, Sabrina Colella, Oliana Carnevali. Aspects of Reproductive Biology of the European Hake (Merluccius merluccius) in the Northern and Central Adriatic Sea (GSA 17-Central Mediterranean Sea). Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2021; 9 (4):389.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichela Candelma; Luca Marisaldi; Daniela Bertotto; Giuseppe Radaelli; Giorgia Gioacchini; Alberto Santojanni; Sabrina Colella; Oliana Carnevali. 2021. "Aspects of Reproductive Biology of the European Hake (Merluccius merluccius) in the Northern and Central Adriatic Sea (GSA 17-Central Mediterranean Sea)." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 4: 389.
Being on the top of the food chain, tunas are subjected to significative phenomena of bioaccumulation of conservative contaminants such as Potential Toxic Elements (PTEs). In this study, Cd, Pb and Fe levels in muscle of Mediterranean bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS), both in wild and farmed groups, to investigate the safety and the quality of this fish as seafood. A total of 68 samples were collected, wild samples (n = 30) from Sardinia island (Italy) and farmed samples (n = 38) from an aquaculture fish farm in Malta. Mean values, expressed as mg kg−1 wet weight, were found as 0.014 (wild) and 0.02 (farmed) for Cd; 0.11 (wild) and 0.03 (farmed) for Pb and 13 (wild) and 7 (farmed) for Fe. Relationships between metal concentrations and biometric parameters were evaluated and a comparison between the levels of metals of wild and farmed groups has also been conducted. No statistically significant difference between the two groups was found for Cd, with 99% of samples below the EU limit. The difference for Pb levels were statistically significant, with wild samples showing concentrations more than four times higher than the farmed ones, but with 98% of samples below the EU limit. The levels of Fe were significantly lower in the farmed group with respect to wild specimens, although samples of both groups could be considered good products for the intake of this element. On the base of the recommended tolerable weekly intakes, samples of this study can be considered a safe seafood.
Federico Girolametti; Anna Annibaldi; Oliana Carnevali; Paolo Pignalosa; Silvia Illuminati; Cristina Truzzi. Potential toxic elements (PTEs) in wild and farmed Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) from Mediterranean Sea: Risks and benefits for human consumption. Food Control 2021, 125, 108012 .
AMA StyleFederico Girolametti, Anna Annibaldi, Oliana Carnevali, Paolo Pignalosa, Silvia Illuminati, Cristina Truzzi. Potential toxic elements (PTEs) in wild and farmed Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) from Mediterranean Sea: Risks and benefits for human consumption. Food Control. 2021; 125 ():108012.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFederico Girolametti; Anna Annibaldi; Oliana Carnevali; Paolo Pignalosa; Silvia Illuminati; Cristina Truzzi. 2021. "Potential toxic elements (PTEs) in wild and farmed Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) from Mediterranean Sea: Risks and benefits for human consumption." Food Control 125, no. : 108012.
Polydatin is a polyphenol, whose beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, have been largely demonstrated. At the same time, copper has an important role in the correct organism homeostasis and alteration of its concentration can induce oxidative stress. In this study, the efficacy of polydatin to counteract the stress induced by CuSO4 exposure or by caudal fin amputation was investigated in zebrafish larvae. The study revealed that polydatin can reduced the stress induced by a 2 h exposure to 10 µM CuSO4 by lowering the levels of il1b and cxcl8b.1 and reducing neutrophils migration in the head and along the lateral line. Similarly, polydatin administration reduced the number of neutrophils in the area of fin cut. In addition, polydatin upregulates the expression of sod1 mRNA and CAT activity, both involved in the antioxidant response. Most of the results obtained in this study support the working hypothesis that polydatin administration can modulate stress response and its action is more effective in mitigating the effects rather than in preventing chemical damages.
Andrea Pessina; Mariangela Di Vincenzo; Francesca Maradonna; Francesca Marchegiani; Fabiola Olivieri; Basilio Randazzo; Giorgia Gioacchini; Oliana Carnevali. Polydatin Beneficial Effects in Zebrafish Larvae Undergoing Multiple Stress Types. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 1116 .
AMA StyleAndrea Pessina, Mariangela Di Vincenzo, Francesca Maradonna, Francesca Marchegiani, Fabiola Olivieri, Basilio Randazzo, Giorgia Gioacchini, Oliana Carnevali. Polydatin Beneficial Effects in Zebrafish Larvae Undergoing Multiple Stress Types. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (3):1116.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrea Pessina; Mariangela Di Vincenzo; Francesca Maradonna; Francesca Marchegiani; Fabiola Olivieri; Basilio Randazzo; Giorgia Gioacchini; Oliana Carnevali. 2021. "Polydatin Beneficial Effects in Zebrafish Larvae Undergoing Multiple Stress Types." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3: 1116.
Circadian rhythm is well known to play a pivotal role in reproduction but the presence of a gonadal circadian rhythm is opening a lot of questions about a local regulation of reproduction. In the present study, we first set to identify the key genes driving circadian rhythmicity from the gonadal transcriptome of the swordfish, a commercially relevant species undergoing overfishing, and we then investigated whether their transcriptional activity was influenced by the maturation stage. Finally, we explored whether seasonality had the ability to modulate the expression of these genes. Interestingly, we identified a wide number of circadian rhythm related genes in the transcriptome of the swordfish gonad including, among the others, clock, bmal1, cry2 and per2, which have been found to be differentially expressed between sexually immature and mature individuals sampled during the breeding season. This differential modulation was also found for melatonin biosynthesis genes (mel1b, asmt and tph1) as well as opsin genes (opsin4, tmt opsin, parapinopsin, VA opsin, rho and sws), known to be the primary receptors of light stimuli. These differences were not observed between mature and immature individuals when considering the non-breeding season suggesting that, despite the molecular machinery of mature gonads is able to respond to signals driving ovarian maturation, these signals are not present hence highlighting the potential role of seasonality in modulating the gonadal circadian rhythm. These results confirm the presence of a gonadal circadian rhythm in the swordfish and open new interesting questions about its role in driving puberty onset.
Basili Danilo; Gioacchini Giorgia; Todisco Vittoria; Candelma Michela; Marisaldi Luca; Pappalardo Luigi; Carnevali Oliana. Opsins and gonadal circadian rhythm in the swordfish (Xiphias gladius) ovary: their potential roles in puberty and reproductive seasonality. General and Comparative Endocrinology 2020, 303, 113707 .
AMA StyleBasili Danilo, Gioacchini Giorgia, Todisco Vittoria, Candelma Michela, Marisaldi Luca, Pappalardo Luigi, Carnevali Oliana. Opsins and gonadal circadian rhythm in the swordfish (Xiphias gladius) ovary: their potential roles in puberty and reproductive seasonality. General and Comparative Endocrinology. 2020; 303 ():113707.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBasili Danilo; Gioacchini Giorgia; Todisco Vittoria; Candelma Michela; Marisaldi Luca; Pappalardo Luigi; Carnevali Oliana. 2020. "Opsins and gonadal circadian rhythm in the swordfish (Xiphias gladius) ovary: their potential roles in puberty and reproductive seasonality." General and Comparative Endocrinology 303, no. : 113707.
In the present work, we assembled and characterized a de novo larval transcriptome of the Atlantic bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus by taking advantage of publicly available databases with the goal of better understanding its larval development. The assembled transcriptome comprised 37,117 protein-coding transcripts, of which 13,633 full-length (>80% coverage), with an Ex90N50 of 3061 bp and 76% of complete and single-copy core vertebrate genes orthologues. Of these transcripts, 34,980 had a hit against the EggNOG database and 14,983 with the KEGG database. Codon usage bias was identified in processes such as translation and muscle development. By comparing our data with a set of representative fish species, 87.1% of tuna transcripts were included in orthogroups with other species and 5.1% in assembly-specific orthogroups, which were enriched in terms related to muscle and bone development, visual system and ion transport. Following this comparative approach, protein families related to myosin, extracellular matrix and immune system resulted significantly expanded in the Atlantic bluefin tuna. Altogether, these results provide a glimpse of how the Atlantic bluefin tuna might have achieved early physical advantages over competing species in the pelagic environment. The information generated lays the foundation for future research on the more detailed exploration of physiological responses at the molecular level in different larval stages and paves the way to evolutionary studies on the Atlantic bluefin tuna.
Luca Marisaldi; Danilo Basili; Giorgia Gioacchini; Adriana Canapa; Oliana Carnevali. De novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation and characterization of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) larval stage. Marine Genomics 2020, 58, 100834 .
AMA StyleLuca Marisaldi, Danilo Basili, Giorgia Gioacchini, Adriana Canapa, Oliana Carnevali. De novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation and characterization of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) larval stage. Marine Genomics. 2020; 58 ():100834.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Marisaldi; Danilo Basili; Giorgia Gioacchini; Adriana Canapa; Oliana Carnevali. 2020. "De novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation and characterization of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) larval stage." Marine Genomics 58, no. : 100834.
The pleiotropic effects of glucocorticoids in metabolic, developmental, immune and stress response processes have been extensively investigated; conversely, their roles in reproduction are still less documented. It is well known that stress or long-lasting therapies can cause a strong increase in these hormones, negatively affecting reproduction. Moreover, the need of glucocorticoid (GC) homeostatic levels is highlighted by the reduced fertility reported in the zebrafish glucocorticoid receptor mutant (nr3c1ia30/ia30) line (hereafter named gr−/−). Starting from such evidence, in this study, we have investigated the role of glucocorticoid receptor (Gr) in the reproduction of female zebrafish. Key signals orchestrating the reproductive process at the brain, liver, and ovarian levels were analyzed using a multidisciplinary approach. An impairment of the kiss-GnRH system was observed at the central level in (gr−/−) mutants as compared to wild-type (wt) females while, in the liver, vitellogenin (vtg) mRNA transcription was not affected. Changes were instead observed in the ovary, particularly in maturing and fully grown follicles (classes III and IV), as documented by the mRNA levels of signals involved in oocyte maturation and ovulation. Follicles isolated from gr−/− females displayed a decreased level of signals involved in the acquisition of competence and maturation, causing a reduction in ovulation with respect to wt females. Fourier transform infrared imaging (FTIRI) analysis of gr−/− follicle cytoplasm showed major changes in macromolecule abundance and distribution with a clear alteration of oocyte composition. Finally, differences in the molecular structure of the zona radiata layer of gr−/− follicles are likely to contribute to the reduced fertilization rate observed in mutants.
Francesca Maradonna; Giorgia Gioacchini; Valentina Notarstefano; Camilla Maria Fontana; Filippo Citton; Luisa Dalla Valle; Elisabetta Giorgini; Oliana Carnevali. Knockout of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Impairs Reproduction in Female Zebrafish. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 9073 .
AMA StyleFrancesca Maradonna, Giorgia Gioacchini, Valentina Notarstefano, Camilla Maria Fontana, Filippo Citton, Luisa Dalla Valle, Elisabetta Giorgini, Oliana Carnevali. Knockout of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Impairs Reproduction in Female Zebrafish. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (23):9073.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesca Maradonna; Giorgia Gioacchini; Valentina Notarstefano; Camilla Maria Fontana; Filippo Citton; Luisa Dalla Valle; Elisabetta Giorgini; Oliana Carnevali. 2020. "Knockout of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Impairs Reproduction in Female Zebrafish." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 23: 9073.
Different Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) formulation and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) are used in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) to induce follicles development and oocytes maturation, but it is still under debate which protocol is to be preferred. In the present study, the different effects on cumulus cells (CCs) of three controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols, based on urinary FSH, recombinant FSH, or human Menopausal Gonadotropin (hMG) administration, were assessed. CCs were obtained from 42 normal-responders women undergoing COS, randomly divided into three groups according to the used gonadotropin formulation. Differences were found in the expression of genes belonging to the endocannabinoid system (the receptors CNR1, CNR2 and TRPV1, and the enzymes involved in the metabolisms of anandamide, NAPE-PLD and FAAH, and 2-acylglycerol, DAGL and MAGL); consistently, changes in lipid (PPARα, and FASN) and carbohydrate (GLUT1 and GLUT9) metabolisms, in CCs’ macromolecules composition (highlighted by Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy, FTIRM), and in the number of retrieved oocytes were found. For the first time, statistically significant evidence on the differences related to each COS protocol on the endocannabinoid system, metabolism and macromolecular composition of CCs was found, representing a proof of concept to be further confirmed in a larger cohort of patients.
Valentina Notarstefano; Giorgia Gioacchini; Elisabetta Giorgini; Nina Montik; Andrea Ciavattini; Anna Rita Polidori; Fulvia Antonia Candela; Lisa Vaccari; Maurizio Cignitti; Oliana Carnevali. The Impact of Controlled Ovarian Stimulation Hormones on the Metabolic State and Endocannabinoid System of Human Cumulus Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 7124 .
AMA StyleValentina Notarstefano, Giorgia Gioacchini, Elisabetta Giorgini, Nina Montik, Andrea Ciavattini, Anna Rita Polidori, Fulvia Antonia Candela, Lisa Vaccari, Maurizio Cignitti, Oliana Carnevali. The Impact of Controlled Ovarian Stimulation Hormones on the Metabolic State and Endocannabinoid System of Human Cumulus Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (19):7124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentina Notarstefano; Giorgia Gioacchini; Elisabetta Giorgini; Nina Montik; Andrea Ciavattini; Anna Rita Polidori; Fulvia Antonia Candela; Lisa Vaccari; Maurizio Cignitti; Oliana Carnevali. 2020. "The Impact of Controlled Ovarian Stimulation Hormones on the Metabolic State and Endocannabinoid System of Human Cumulus Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19: 7124.
Management of dredged sediments results in an environmental and social cost. Based on their level of contamination, they can be intended for beach nourishment or for alternative uses. Sediment quality is established considering their specific chemical contamination level and setting up bioassays to evaluate their toxic effects on living organisms. The integration of these different Line of Evidence (LOE) generates toxicity indexes, the Hazard Chemical Quotient (HQc), and the Hazard Ecotoxicological Quotient (HQe), which are further elaborated using the SediQualSoft software, finally providing evidence on the levels of sediment contamination. In this study, four different dredged sediments were analysed. Except for one, which was sampled in a reference area, the others were assigned to the same class of toxicity, despite they presented different levels of chemical and ecotoxicological toxicity. As a novelty, this study introduces transcriptomics as a new LOE, to provide a new tool to better categorize sediment toxicity. C. gigas embryos were exposed to sediment elutriates, sampled at 5 and 18 h post-fertilization (hpf), and the expression of a set of genes involved in immune and stress response (hsp70, gpx, sod, dehf1, galectin, lysozyme, tg) was analysed by Real-time PCR. Molecular results suggested that the 18 hpf stage represents a sensitive window of exposure during development and can be suggested as a critical time point for ecotoxicity studies. Finally, by multivariate statistical analysis, integrating the well-established LOEs with molecular data, it was demonstrated that transcriptomics could be a useful and novel LOE with the ability to provide greater accuracy in the assessment of sediment toxicity.
Francesca Maradonna; Daniele Ancillai; Valentina Notarstefano; Alessandra Valenti; Tristano Leoni; Oliana Carnevali. An integrated approach to evaluate port sediment quality: From chemical characterization to multispecies bioassays. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 746, 141204 .
AMA StyleFrancesca Maradonna, Daniele Ancillai, Valentina Notarstefano, Alessandra Valenti, Tristano Leoni, Oliana Carnevali. An integrated approach to evaluate port sediment quality: From chemical characterization to multispecies bioassays. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 746 ():141204.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesca Maradonna; Daniele Ancillai; Valentina Notarstefano; Alessandra Valenti; Tristano Leoni; Oliana Carnevali. 2020. "An integrated approach to evaluate port sediment quality: From chemical characterization to multispecies bioassays." Science of The Total Environment 746, no. : 141204.
Over the last two decades, many efforts have been invested in attempting to close the life cycle of the iconic Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) and develop a true aquaculture-based market. However, the limited molecular resources nowadays available represent a clear limitation towards the domestication of this species. To fill such a gap of knowledge, we assembled and characterized a de novo larval transcriptome by taking advantage of publicly available databases with the final goal of better understanding the larval development. The assembled transcriptome comprised 37,117 protein-coding transcripts, of which 13,633 full-length (>80% coverage), with an Ex90N50 of 3,061 bp and 76% of complete and single-copy core vertebrate genes orthologues. Of these transcripts, 34,980 had a hit against the EggNOG database and 14,983 with the KAAS annotation server. By comparing our data with a set of representative fish species proteomes, it was found that 78.4% of the tuna transcripts were successfully included in orthologous groups. Codon usage bias was identified for processes such as translation, peptide biosynthesis, muscle development and ion transport, supporting the idea of mechanisms at play in regulating stability and translation efficiency of transcripts belonging to key biological processes during the larval growth. The information generated by this study on the Atlantic bluefin tuna represent a relevant improvement of the transcriptomic resources available to the scientific community and lays the foundation for future works aimed at exploring in greater detail physiological responses at molecular level in different larval stages.
Marisaldi Luca; Basili Danilo; Gioacchini Giorgia; Carnevali Oliana; Luca Marisaldi; Danilo Basili; Giorgia Gioacchini; Oliana Carnevali. De novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation and characterization of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) larval stage. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleMarisaldi Luca, Basili Danilo, Gioacchini Giorgia, Carnevali Oliana, Luca Marisaldi, Danilo Basili, Giorgia Gioacchini, Oliana Carnevali. De novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation and characterization of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) larval stage. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarisaldi Luca; Basili Danilo; Gioacchini Giorgia; Carnevali Oliana; Luca Marisaldi; Danilo Basili; Giorgia Gioacchini; Oliana Carnevali. 2020. "De novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation and characterization of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) larval stage." , no. : 1.
Bisphenol A (BPA), a monomer used for polycarbonate manufacture, has been widely reported as an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC). Among other alterations, BPA induces reproductive dysfunctionalities. Changes in the endocannabinoid system (ECS) have been recently shown to be associated with reproductive disorders. The ECS is a lipid-based signaling system (cannabinoid receptors, endocannabinoids and enzymatic machinery) involved in several physiological functions. The main goal of the present study was to assess the effects of two environmental concentrations of BPA (10 and 20 μg/L) on the ECS in 1-year old zebrafish gonads. In males, BPA increased the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and altered testicular levels of endocannabinoids as well as reduced the testicular area occupied by spermatogonia. In male liver, exposure to 20 μg/L BPA significantly increased vitellogenin (vtg) transcript levels. In female zebrafish, BPA altered ovarian endocannabinoid levels, elevated hepatic vtg mRNA levels as well as increased the percentage of vitellogenic oocytes in the ovaries. In conclusion, exposure to two environmentally relevant concentrations of BPA altered the ECS and consequently, gonadal function in both male and female zebrafish.
Isabel Forner-Piquer; Silvia Beato; Fabiana Piscitelli; Stefania Santangeli; Vincenzo Di Marzo; Hamid R. Habibi; Francesca Maradonna; Oliana Carnevali. Effects of BPA on zebrafish gonads: Focus on the endocannabinoid system. Environmental Pollution 2020, 264, 114710 .
AMA StyleIsabel Forner-Piquer, Silvia Beato, Fabiana Piscitelli, Stefania Santangeli, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Hamid R. Habibi, Francesca Maradonna, Oliana Carnevali. Effects of BPA on zebrafish gonads: Focus on the endocannabinoid system. Environmental Pollution. 2020; 264 ():114710.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabel Forner-Piquer; Silvia Beato; Fabiana Piscitelli; Stefania Santangeli; Vincenzo Di Marzo; Hamid R. Habibi; Francesca Maradonna; Oliana Carnevali. 2020. "Effects of BPA on zebrafish gonads: Focus on the endocannabinoid system." Environmental Pollution 264, no. : 114710.
Intense and prolonged mortality caused by over-exploitation could drive the decay of genetic diversity which may lead to decrease species’ resilience to environmental changes, thus increasing their extinction risk. Swordfish is a high commercial value species, especially in the Mediterranean Sea, where it is affected by high catch levels. Mediterranean swordfish consist of a population genetically and biologically distinct from Atlantic ones and therefore managed as a separate stock. The last Mediterranean swordfish stock assessment reported that in the last forty years Mediterranean swordfish has been overfished and, to date, it is still subject to overfishing. A comparison between an available mitochondrial sequence dataset and a homologous current sample was carried out to investigate temporal genetic variation in the Mediterranean swordfish population over near twenty years. Our study provides the first direct measure of reduced genetic diversity for Mediterranean swordfish during a short period, as measured both in the direct loss of mitochondrial haplotypes and reduction in haplotype diversity. A reduction of the relative females’ effective population size in the recent sample has been also detected. The possible relationship between fishery activities and the loss of genetic diversity in the Mediterranean swordfish population is discussed.
Tommaso Righi; Andrea Splendiani; Tatiana Fioravanti; Elia Casoni; Giorgia Gioacchini; Oliana Carnevali; Vincenzo Caputo Barucchi. Loss of Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity in Overexploited Mediterranean Swordfish (Xiphias gladius, 1759) Population. Diversity 2020, 12, 170 .
AMA StyleTommaso Righi, Andrea Splendiani, Tatiana Fioravanti, Elia Casoni, Giorgia Gioacchini, Oliana Carnevali, Vincenzo Caputo Barucchi. Loss of Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity in Overexploited Mediterranean Swordfish (Xiphias gladius, 1759) Population. Diversity. 2020; 12 (5):170.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTommaso Righi; Andrea Splendiani; Tatiana Fioravanti; Elia Casoni; Giorgia Gioacchini; Oliana Carnevali; Vincenzo Caputo Barucchi. 2020. "Loss of Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity in Overexploited Mediterranean Swordfish (Xiphias gladius, 1759) Population." Diversity 12, no. 5: 170.
In aquaculture, the growth and maturation of oocyte associated with the quality of egg represent a crucial point for reproductive success and therefore, for breeding in aquaculture. Knowing the components that make up an oocyte, their natural distribution and abundance in the various stages of maturation turns out to be of fundamental importance for the understanding of the oogenesis process. This chapter describes the different components present within the oocyte and their origin. The components have been described in relation to the different phases of oocyte maturation and in several experimental models with different reproductive strategies. A focus was also addressed to the endocrine control of oocyte growth and maturation and to the detrimental effects of contaminants with hormonal activity on oocyte growth and maturation.
Oliana Carnevali; Isabel Forner-Piquer; Giorgia Gioacchini. Chapter 6 Structure of Mature Oocytes. Reproduction in Aquatic Animals 2020, 93 -111.
AMA StyleOliana Carnevali, Isabel Forner-Piquer, Giorgia Gioacchini. Chapter 6 Structure of Mature Oocytes. Reproduction in Aquatic Animals. 2020; ():93-111.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOliana Carnevali; Isabel Forner-Piquer; Giorgia Gioacchini. 2020. "Chapter 6 Structure of Mature Oocytes." Reproduction in Aquatic Animals , no. : 93-111.
Isabel Forner-Piquer; Stefania Santangeli; Francesca Maradonna; Alessandro Rabbito; Fabiana Piscitelli; Hamid R. Habibi; Vincezo Di Marzo; Oliana Carnevali. Comments on Disruption of the gonadal endocannabinoid system in zebrafish exposed to diisononyl phthalate – Forner-Piquer et al. (2018)”: rebuttal to Prosser CM. Environmental Pollution 2020, 261, 114028 .
AMA StyleIsabel Forner-Piquer, Stefania Santangeli, Francesca Maradonna, Alessandro Rabbito, Fabiana Piscitelli, Hamid R. Habibi, Vincezo Di Marzo, Oliana Carnevali. Comments on Disruption of the gonadal endocannabinoid system in zebrafish exposed to diisononyl phthalate – Forner-Piquer et al. (2018)”: rebuttal to Prosser CM. Environmental Pollution. 2020; 261 ():114028.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabel Forner-Piquer; Stefania Santangeli; Francesca Maradonna; Alessandro Rabbito; Fabiana Piscitelli; Hamid R. Habibi; Vincezo Di Marzo; Oliana Carnevali. 2020. "Comments on Disruption of the gonadal endocannabinoid system in zebrafish exposed to diisononyl phthalate – Forner-Piquer et al. (2018)”: rebuttal to Prosser CM." Environmental Pollution 261, no. : 114028.
In the last few decades, challenges of the aquatic environment have been dramatically changed in terms of magnitude of disturbances or types of hazards, along with the rise of new scientific and technological opportunities. In addition to the traditional (legacy) chemicals like metals or organic chemicals (including PAHs, PCBs and dioxins), emerging pollutants such as endocrine disruptors (EDCs), pharmaceuticals and microplastics are examples of worrying stressors for health of aquatic organisms and ecosystems. These compounds, introduced by different environmental sources and having a wide distribution, are absorbed by several species causing potential deleterious effects. The challenges of such pollutants will be discussed focusing on (i) new detection strategies, (ii) mode of action, (iii) ecological risk assessment and (iv) implementation of mitigation actions, to reduce the contaminant impact in terms of health care costs and maintenance of biodiversity. Sustainable and ecologically compatible methods and strategies for the reclamation of aquatic sediments contaminated with organic pollutants and toxic metals will also be described. Such knowledge will foster the reduction of use or release of many hazardous substances, together with providing insights on the early warning detection of chemical harmful agents within an environmental monitoring and security application program. Based on this knowledge, in this review we attempted to describe the approaches that are taken by research groups with different backgrounds operating at Università Politecnica delle Marche.
Oliana Carnevali; Maura Benedetti; Francesca Beolchini; Antonio Dell’Anno; Daniele Fattorini; Stefania Gorbi; Silvia Illuminati; Francesca Maradonna; Giuseppe Scarponi; Francesco Regoli. New Insights for Early Warning and Countermeasures to Aquatic Pollution. The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche” 2020, 431 -445.
AMA StyleOliana Carnevali, Maura Benedetti, Francesca Beolchini, Antonio Dell’Anno, Daniele Fattorini, Stefania Gorbi, Silvia Illuminati, Francesca Maradonna, Giuseppe Scarponi, Francesco Regoli. New Insights for Early Warning and Countermeasures to Aquatic Pollution. The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche”. 2020; ():431-445.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOliana Carnevali; Maura Benedetti; Francesca Beolchini; Antonio Dell’Anno; Daniele Fattorini; Stefania Gorbi; Silvia Illuminati; Francesca Maradonna; Giuseppe Scarponi; Francesco Regoli. 2020. "New Insights for Early Warning and Countermeasures to Aquatic Pollution." The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche” , no. : 431-445.
A 42-day study was conducted to determine the effect of incorporating dietary low molecular weight sodium alginate (LMWSA), extracted from the brown algae, Undaria pinnatifida and Macrocystis pyritera, and Pediococcus acidilactici MA 18/5 M (PA), Lallemand Animal Nutrition S.A., Blagnac, France, on growth performance, antioxidant defense activity, intestinal lysozyme gene (LYZ) expression, histo-morphology, microbiota, and digestive enzymes activity of Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) juveniles. Six experimental diets were formulated including: Diet (1) a basal diet (Control), Diet (2) 5 g LMWSA kg−1 diet, Diet (3) 10 g LMWSA kg−1 diet, Diet (4) 0.9 × 107 CFU PA g−1 diet, Diet (5) 5 g LMWSA kg−1 diet + 0.9 × 107 CFU PA g−1 diet, and Diet (6) 10 g LMWSA kg−1 diet + 0.9 × 107 CFU PA g−1 diet were fed to Asian sea bass, L. calcarifer (12.0 ± 0.2 g). The results showed that fish fed PA alone (Diet 4) and the combination of both supplements (Diet 5) had the greatest weight gain. Fish fed Diet 6 and those fed Diet 1 (Control) had the highest and lowest villus height, apparent villus surface and crypt depth, respectively. Fish fed diets administered with PA (Diet 4) or synbiotics (Diets 5 and 6) showed higher total viable and lactic acid bacteria counts than all the other groups. The evaluated digestive enzymes activities including total protease, trypsin, lipase, and α-amylase remarkably increased by administration of LMWSA or its combination with PA. Moreover, liver antioxidant enzymes activities including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and Glutathione S-transferase pronouncedly enhanced following the administration of LMWSA or its combination with PA. Supplementing diet with blends of 10 g kg−1 of LMWSA and PA (Diet 6) more pronouncedly enhanced c-type and g-types LYZ expression in comparison with those fed 5 g kg−1 of LMWSA and PA (Diet 5). Based on the results obtained, it can be claimed incorporating diet with LMWSA and PA separately or in symbiotic form had promising results as functional feed additives in juvenile Asian sea bass L. calcarifer.
Ghasem Ashouri; Nasrollah Mahboobi Soofiani; Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar; Seyed Amir Hossein Jalali; Vahid Morshedi; Tooraj Valinassab; Dara Bagheri; Hien Van Doan; Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh; Oliana Carnevali. Influence of dietary sodium alginate and Pediococcus acidilactici on liver antioxidant status, intestinal lysozyme gene expression, histomorphology, microbiota, and digestive enzymes activity, in Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) juveniles. Aquaculture 2019, 518, 734638 .
AMA StyleGhasem Ashouri, Nasrollah Mahboobi Soofiani, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Seyed Amir Hossein Jalali, Vahid Morshedi, Tooraj Valinassab, Dara Bagheri, Hien Van Doan, Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh, Oliana Carnevali. Influence of dietary sodium alginate and Pediococcus acidilactici on liver antioxidant status, intestinal lysozyme gene expression, histomorphology, microbiota, and digestive enzymes activity, in Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) juveniles. Aquaculture. 2019; 518 ():734638.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhasem Ashouri; Nasrollah Mahboobi Soofiani; Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar; Seyed Amir Hossein Jalali; Vahid Morshedi; Tooraj Valinassab; Dara Bagheri; Hien Van Doan; Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh; Oliana Carnevali. 2019. "Influence of dietary sodium alginate and Pediococcus acidilactici on liver antioxidant status, intestinal lysozyme gene expression, histomorphology, microbiota, and digestive enzymes activity, in Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) juveniles." Aquaculture 518, no. : 734638.
Gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in maintaining host’s health by controlling a wide range of physiological processes. Administration of probiotics and manipulation of photoperiod have been suggested as modulators of microbial composition and are currently undergoing an extensive research in aquaculture as a way to improve health and quality of harvested fish. However, our understanding regarding their effects on physiological processes is still limited. In the present study we investigated whether manipulation of photoperiod and/or probiotic administration was able to alter microbial composition in zebrafish larvae at hatching stage. Our findings show that probiotic does not elicit effects while photoperiod manipulation has a significant impact on microbiota composition. Moreover, we successfully predicted lipid biosynthesis and apoptosis to be modulated by microbial communities undergoing continuous darkness. Interestingly, expression levels of caspase 3 gene (casp3) and lipid-related genes (hnf4a, npc1l1, pparγ, srebf1, agpat4 and fitm2) were found to be significantly overexpressed in dark-exposed larvae, suggesting an increase in the occurrence of apoptotic processes and a lipid metabolism impairment, respectively (p < 0.05). Our results provide the evidence that microbial communities in zebrafish at early life stages are not modulated by a short administration of probiotics and highlight the significant effect that dark photoperiod elicits on zebrafish microbiota and potentially on health.
Danilo Basili; Esmail Lutfi; Silvia Falcinelli; Sara Balbuena-Pecino; Isabel Navarro; Cristiano Bertolucci; Encarnación Capilla; Oliana Carnevali. Photoperiod Manipulation Affects Transcriptional Profile of Genes Related to Lipid Metabolism and Apoptosis in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae: Potential Roles of Gut Microbiota. Microbial Ecology 2019, 79, 933 -946.
AMA StyleDanilo Basili, Esmail Lutfi, Silvia Falcinelli, Sara Balbuena-Pecino, Isabel Navarro, Cristiano Bertolucci, Encarnación Capilla, Oliana Carnevali. Photoperiod Manipulation Affects Transcriptional Profile of Genes Related to Lipid Metabolism and Apoptosis in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae: Potential Roles of Gut Microbiota. Microbial Ecology. 2019; 79 (4):933-946.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDanilo Basili; Esmail Lutfi; Silvia Falcinelli; Sara Balbuena-Pecino; Isabel Navarro; Cristiano Bertolucci; Encarnación Capilla; Oliana Carnevali. 2019. "Photoperiod Manipulation Affects Transcriptional Profile of Genes Related to Lipid Metabolism and Apoptosis in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae: Potential Roles of Gut Microbiota." Microbial Ecology 79, no. 4: 933-946.
Effective stock assessment relies on the evaluation of the reproductive potential of a population, but this is often achieved using fast, inexpensive, and inaccurate macroscopic indicators of gonadal maturity. Indeed, this approach suffers from high error rates as a result of misclassification and operator errors. Although histology is considered the gold standard to assign reproductive stages, it represents a time‐consuming and expensive method. Therefore, cost‐effective approaches are currently needed to assess the species‐specific reproductive potential and define the correct size at first maturity (L50). In the present study a histology‐calibrated method based on the gonadal index (GI) was developed to assign maturity stages to the overfished Mediterranean swordfish (Xiphias gladius), supported by histological classification of gonadal development, an estimation of L50, and an analysis of the reproductive output of this species. The performance of this new method had an overall agreement of 90% with histological data, and the L50 calculated by the GI‐based method compared with histology analysis was not statistically different (p > 0.05). Moreover, in order to apply this method without bias, a thorough validation of the relationship between length and gonad weight was carried out and the suitability of the GI to compare individuals of different size and maturity stages was confirmed. The present findings provide a comprehensive picture of the patterns characterizing Mediterranean swordfish reproduction and a promising method to assign maturity stages based on a macroscopic indicator. This method has the potential to be extensively applied during routine fish sampling activities in the field because of its simple requirements.
Luca Marisaldi; Danilo Basili; Michela Candelma; Vittoria Sesani; Paolo Pignalosa; Giorgia Gioacchini; Oliana Carnevali. Maturity assignment based on histology‐validated macroscopic criteria: Tackling the stock decline of the Mediterranean swordfish ( Xiphias gladius ). Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 2019, 30, 303 -314.
AMA StyleLuca Marisaldi, Danilo Basili, Michela Candelma, Vittoria Sesani, Paolo Pignalosa, Giorgia Gioacchini, Oliana Carnevali. Maturity assignment based on histology‐validated macroscopic criteria: Tackling the stock decline of the Mediterranean swordfish ( Xiphias gladius ). Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 2019; 30 (2):303-314.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Marisaldi; Danilo Basili; Michela Candelma; Vittoria Sesani; Paolo Pignalosa; Giorgia Gioacchini; Oliana Carnevali. 2019. "Maturity assignment based on histology‐validated macroscopic criteria: Tackling the stock decline of the Mediterranean swordfish ( Xiphias gladius )." Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 30, no. 2: 303-314.
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones mainly acting as key regulators of body homeostasis and stress responses. Their activities are primarily based on the binding to the GC receptor (GR), a member of the nuclear receptor family, that regulates tissue-specific sets of genes. GCs secretion follows a circadian rhythmicity with a peak linked to the animal’s activity phase. In mammals, GCs are also implicated in feeding entrainment mechanisms as internal zeitgeber. Here, we investigated, by means of behavioural and molecular approaches, the circadian clock and its regulation by light and food in wild-type (WT) and null glucocorticoid receptor (gr−/−) zebrafish larvae, juveniles and adults. In both WT and gr−/− larvae and adults, behavioural activity and clock gene expression were entrained to the light–dark (LD) cycle and rhythmic in constant conditions. Differences in the pattern of clock genes’ expression indicated a modulatory role of GCs. A significant role of Gr was detected in the feeding entrainment which was absent or markedly dampened in mutants. Furthermore, the expression of two clock-regulated genes involved in glucidic and lipidic metabolism was altered, highlighting the participation of GCs in metabolic processes also in fish. Taken together, our results confirmed the role of GC-mediated Gr signaling in the feeding entrainment in a non-mammalian species, the zebrafish.
Elisa Morbiato; Elena Frigato; Alberto Dinarello; Francesca Maradonna; Nicola Facchinello; Francesco Argenton; Oliana Carnevali; Luisa Dalla Valle; Cristiano Bertolucci. Feeding Entrainment of the Zebrafish Circadian Clock Is Regulated by the Glucocorticoid Receptor. Cells 2019, 8, 1342 .
AMA StyleElisa Morbiato, Elena Frigato, Alberto Dinarello, Francesca Maradonna, Nicola Facchinello, Francesco Argenton, Oliana Carnevali, Luisa Dalla Valle, Cristiano Bertolucci. Feeding Entrainment of the Zebrafish Circadian Clock Is Regulated by the Glucocorticoid Receptor. Cells. 2019; 8 (11):1342.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisa Morbiato; Elena Frigato; Alberto Dinarello; Francesca Maradonna; Nicola Facchinello; Francesco Argenton; Oliana Carnevali; Luisa Dalla Valle; Cristiano Bertolucci. 2019. "Feeding Entrainment of the Zebrafish Circadian Clock Is Regulated by the Glucocorticoid Receptor." Cells 8, no. 11: 1342.