Sugar–acetic acid–ethanol–water mixture (SAEWM) trapping has initially shown the potential efficacy for monitoring or trapping insects. It is unknown how SAEWM-baited traps affect field number of oriental fruit moth (OFM), Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), the female/male ratio trapped, and the type of natural-enemy insects captured. This study investigated changes in seasonal population dynamics and diurnal flight rhythm of OFM, the number and female/male ratio of OFM and the numbers of Coccinellidae and Chrysopidae trapped by SAEWM in peach–apple mixed-planting orchards. The SAEWM performed well in trapping OFM, most of which were adult females, with the maximum trapping at 2.5 m above ground. The daily trapping peak occurred between 18:00 and 20:00, during each continuous monitoring period, with another peak occurring at 4:00–8:00, after the second monitoring period (2–5 July). However, the use of SAEWM also resulted in the trapping of Coccinellidae and Chrysopidae, of which peak trapping time partially overlapped with the second and third peak trapping times of OFM. We suggest the cessation of SAEWM trapping during the peak activity time of Coccinellidae and Chrysopidae, or application of alternative attractive mixture that do not trap the natural enemy insects, in order to protect the ecological balance in the field.

Punica granatum (Punicaceae, Myrtales, Rosidae) is the perennial deciduous fruit tree that originate from the Central Asia. It is widely cultivated in the entire tropical, subtropical and warm regions on account of its edible, medicinal and ornamental value. In June 2017, branch decay on pomegranate was observed at Taishanhong pomegranate cultvar in Zaozhuang, Shandong, China. The percentage of symptomatic plants was 5-12% in the investigated 4 orchards. The diseased epidermises on branch became dry and showed puce with lots of dark spots. Occasionally, the rotten tissue is covered with fungal mycelia in a humid environment. Soon afterwards, rifts appeared between the health and diseased tissues and then diseased epidermises fell off with their fracture and embossing. Finally, the upper branch of infection parts died. 8 single-spore isolates were obtained from 3 different branches by the tissue isolation on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media with 0.02% streptomycin sulfate. The growth rate was 10.8 mm/12 h ...

Three diseased trees were found in 2 ha of cultivated area surveyed, indicating this disease may be sporadic and rare. To identify the causal agent, total genomic DNA was extracted from leaves and stems of three symptomatic trees and two asymptomatic trees using the SurePlant DNA Kit (CWBIO, Beijing, China). From the genomic DNA, phytoplasma specific 16SrRNA gene and tuf gene fragment was amplified using phytoplasma specific universal primers, P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2 (Lee et al. 1998), fTuf1/rTuf1 and fTufu/rTufu (Schneider et al. 1997), respectively. Specific fragments, approximately 1.25 kb and 0.8 kb in length, were amplified from symptomatic plants, respectively, while no fragment was amplified from asymptomatic samples. After cloned into the pMD18-T vector (Takara Bio Inc., Dalian, China) and sequenced, sequences of 1 244 bp and 841 bp were obtained (GenBank accession number: KY828850 and MF174060). Phylogenetic analysis of phytoplasma 16S rDNA sequences or tuf gene sequences based on the maximum like...

为探讨嗜铁细菌对农药辛硫磷的降解及其土壤修复的潜能，采用改良定向培育法，对嗜铁细菌枯草芽胞杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）Bs-15进行驯化，摸索其降解条件，并测定其土壤修复能力. 结果显示，菌株Bs-15对辛硫磷有较高的耐受性，在辛硫磷浓度达到800 mg L-1时仍可生长；可以以辛硫磷为唯一碳源生长，适合其降解的最佳外加营养物质为酵母粉，无机盐为MgCl2. 最适辛硫磷降解浓度为≤100 mg L-1，浓度继续升高时降解效能明显降低；最适降解温度为35 ℃；对pH值有较广的适应范围，在pH 5-9时降解率较高；最适降解时间为24 h，振荡速率为150 r min-1，接种量为8%；土壤修复试验表明，此菌株在第20天时对土壤中辛硫磷的降解率接近50%. 本研究结果说明枯草芽胞杆Bs-15对辛硫磷具有较好的降解作用，对辛硫磷污染的土壤具有良好的修复潜能.

Colletotrichum horii is a main causal agent of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) anthracnose and is distributed widely in persimmon-producing areas of the world. Here, we report the first high-quality draft genome sequence of C. horii strain SD010. This will provide a reference for understanding adaptive evolution of genome structure, genes, and population diversity among members of the C. gloeosporioides species complex, and also help in understanding the mechanisms of host–pathogen interactions and improve management strategies of anthracnose.