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Fan Liu
School of Management and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China

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Journal article
Published: 02 June 2021 in Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services
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In recent years, physical retailers have started selling products to consumers through either third-party or self-operated online platforms. Doing so, they face demand which depends on digital coupon promotions, delivery effort by the platform (i.e., deliver products from retailers to consumers), and channel preference. In this paper, we develop a game-theoretic model to examine the interactions between the physical retailer's distribution channel choices and coupon promotions. In normal operation, retailers prefer to pay lower fees to the third-party platform, but we find, counterintuitively, that when carrying on a digital coupon promotion, the retailer can be better off paying a higher participation fee to the third-party platform. We also identify the conditions under which the retailer prefers the third-party platform over the self-operated platform with and without coupon promotions. Furthermore, we show that digital coupon promotions and delivery effort boost the retailer's profits by price discriminating among consumers with differing purchase utilities.

ACS Style

Yuqing Jiang; Fan Liu; Andrew Lim. Digital coupon promotion and platform selection in the presence of delivery effort. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 2021, 62, 102612 .

AMA Style

Yuqing Jiang, Fan Liu, Andrew Lim. Digital coupon promotion and platform selection in the presence of delivery effort. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. 2021; 62 ():102612.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuqing Jiang; Fan Liu; Andrew Lim. 2021. "Digital coupon promotion and platform selection in the presence of delivery effort." Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 62, no. : 102612.

Journal article
Published: 12 January 2021 in Sustainability
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Floods are among the most common and destructive natural disasters confronted by cities and are further aggravated by rapid climate change and increasing urbanization, posing a great challenge to flood risk management. To cope with uncertainty, there is a need to move towards approaches to managing flood risk by taking resilience into consideration. While the evaluation of urban flood resilience has gained much attention in recent decades, studies on quantitative measurement using multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) approaches are rare. In addition, the results determined by different MCDM methods may exhibit considerable variability. It is an intractable task to gather a group consensus from these methods. In this regard, in this paper, we propose a group-decision-making framework for measuring urban resilience to flooding, combining three stages, which are (i) normalizing the data, (ii) weighting the criteria and (iii) aggregating the results. Four objective MCDM methods—i.e., the variation coefficient method, Shannon weighting method, CRITIC and ideal point method—are proposed and treated as reliable methods. A stochastic multi criteria acceptability analysis is adopted to integrate those results into a composite resilience index. The proposed methodology is applied to the resilience evaluation problem of 41 cities in the Yangtze River basin, and the results are compared with those obtained with the four MCDM methods. It is demonstrated that our method considers all possible preferences among the results provided by various MCDM methods and is thus more robust and acceptable.

ACS Style

Huagui Zhu; Fan Liu. A Group-Decision-Making Framework for Evaluating Urban Flood Resilience: A Case Study in Yangtze River. Sustainability 2021, 13, 665 .

AMA Style

Huagui Zhu, Fan Liu. A Group-Decision-Making Framework for Evaluating Urban Flood Resilience: A Case Study in Yangtze River. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):665.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huagui Zhu; Fan Liu. 2021. "A Group-Decision-Making Framework for Evaluating Urban Flood Resilience: A Case Study in Yangtze River." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 665.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2020 in Computers & Industrial Engineering
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This paper introduces the vehicle routing problem with time windows and configurations of temperature and humidity for perishable product distribution. In this problem, each product can only be transported in a vehicle where its environmental requirements are satisfied. Therefore, the decisions involve the visited customer sequence, the products delivered to each visited customer and the configurations of temperature and humidity of vehicles. To solve the problem, we propose a branch-and-price algorithm and an adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic. Computational results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the two algorithms.

ACS Style

Yijing Liang; Fan Liu; Andrew Lim; Dezhi Zhang. An integrated route, temperature and humidity planning problem for the distribution of perishable products. Computers & Industrial Engineering 2020, 147, 106623 .

AMA Style

Yijing Liang, Fan Liu, Andrew Lim, Dezhi Zhang. An integrated route, temperature and humidity planning problem for the distribution of perishable products. Computers & Industrial Engineering. 2020; 147 ():106623.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yijing Liang; Fan Liu; Andrew Lim; Dezhi Zhang. 2020. "An integrated route, temperature and humidity planning problem for the distribution of perishable products." Computers & Industrial Engineering 147, no. : 106623.

Journal article
Published: 24 December 2019 in Sustainability
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The multicriteria ABC inventory classification has been widely adopted by organizations for the purpose of specifying, monitoring, and controlling inventory efficiently. It categorizes the items into three groups based on some certain criteria, such as inventory cost, part criticality, lead time, and commonality. There has been extensive research on such a problem, but few have considered that the judgments about criteria’s importance order usually exhibit a substantial degree of variability. In light of this, we propose a new methodology for handling the multicriteria ABC inventory classification problem using the social choice theory. Specifically, the pessimistic and optimistic results for all possible individual judgments are obtained in a closed-form manner, which are then balanced by the Hurwicz criterion with a “coefficient of optimism”. The CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) method is used to aggregate the individual judgments into a collective choice, according to which the items are classified into Groups A, B, and C. Through a numerical experiment, we show that the proposed methodology not only considers all possible preferences among the criteria, but also generates flexible classification schemes.

ACS Style

Fan Liu; Ning Ma. Multicriteria ABC Inventory Classification Using the Social Choice Theory. Sustainability 2019, 12, 182 .

AMA Style

Fan Liu, Ning Ma. Multicriteria ABC Inventory Classification Using the Social Choice Theory. Sustainability. 2019; 12 (1):182.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fan Liu; Ning Ma. 2019. "Multicriteria ABC Inventory Classification Using the Social Choice Theory." Sustainability 12, no. 1: 182.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Sustainable Cities and Society
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Published since 2006 on a biennial basis by the Sustainable Society Foundation, the Sustainable Society Index (SSI) calculates the sustainability level of various geographical entities (e.g., countries or regions) by aggregating three dimensions of wellbeing, namely, Human Wellbeing, Environmental Wellbeing and Economic Wellbeing, with equal weights. An aggregation with equal weights is likely to overlook the discriminating power of each dimension of the SSI. In this study, we propose the use of ranked weights and Shannon entropy to overcome this shortcoming of the SSI. Specifically, we take into account all possible preferences among various dimensions, use a sophisticated mathematical transformation to calculate the least and most favorable sustainability levels under certain preferences, adopt the geometric mean values of the extreme levels to formulate a new preference-as-column decision matrix, and employ Shannon entropy to determine a set of common weights associated with each preference. We then calculate the Spearman's rank correlation coefficients to re-evaluate the published SSI and demonstrate the added-value of our logic. A case study of regional SSI reveals the applicability and superiority of the proposed method.

ACS Style

Sisi Wu; Yelin Fu; Hai Shen; Fan Liu. Using ranked weights and Shannon entropy to modify regional sustainable society index. Sustainable Cities and Society 2018, 41, 443 -448.

AMA Style

Sisi Wu, Yelin Fu, Hai Shen, Fan Liu. Using ranked weights and Shannon entropy to modify regional sustainable society index. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2018; 41 ():443-448.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sisi Wu; Yelin Fu; Hai Shen; Fan Liu. 2018. "Using ranked weights and Shannon entropy to modify regional sustainable society index." Sustainable Cities and Society 41, no. : 443-448.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2017 in International Transactions in Operational Research
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This paper introduces a new procedure for handling the multicriteria ABC inventory classification problem using stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis. All possible preferences among the evaluation criteria have been considered. Due to the fact that even under certain preference, it is difficult to reach a group consensus on the exact weight values along with each criterion, we calculate preference-specific intervals under each preference and then formulate a stochastic decision-making problem. To tackle this problem, we consider different distribution functions of the intervals and then compute the holistic acceptability indices to classify stock-keeping units. The results derived from our method are compared to the previous results to show the robustness and superiority of our method.

ACS Style

Zhi Li; Xunbo Wu; Fan Liu; Yelin Fu; Ke Chen. Multicriteria ABC inventory classification using acceptability analysis. International Transactions in Operational Research 2017, 26, 2494 -2507.

AMA Style

Zhi Li, Xunbo Wu, Fan Liu, Yelin Fu, Ke Chen. Multicriteria ABC inventory classification using acceptability analysis. International Transactions in Operational Research. 2017; 26 (6):2494-2507.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhi Li; Xunbo Wu; Fan Liu; Yelin Fu; Ke Chen. 2017. "Multicriteria ABC inventory classification using acceptability analysis." International Transactions in Operational Research 26, no. 6: 2494-2507.

Journal article
Published: 18 January 2016 in International Transactions in Operational Research
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This paper improves a recently proposed Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) cross-efficiency aggregation method based on the Shannon entropy. The weights for determining cross-efficiency are derived from minimizing the square distance of weighted cross-efficiency and weighted CCR efficiency. Our calculation example indicates that this method may produce inappropriate weights, which is significantly inconsistent with a widely accepted viewpoint. A variance coefficient method based on the Shannon entropy is presented to overcome the drawbacks of the DEA cross-efficiency aggregation method. In this study, comparisons of weights and cross-efficiency scores are provided.

ACS Style

Lianlian Song; Fan Liu. An improvement in DEA cross‐efficiency aggregation based on the Shannon entropy. International Transactions in Operational Research 2016, 25, 705 -714.

AMA Style

Lianlian Song, Fan Liu. An improvement in DEA cross‐efficiency aggregation based on the Shannon entropy. International Transactions in Operational Research. 2016; 25 (2):705-714.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lianlian Song; Fan Liu. 2016. "An improvement in DEA cross‐efficiency aggregation based on the Shannon entropy." International Transactions in Operational Research 25, no. 2: 705-714.