In this report, Bovine Serum Albumin-based Metal–Insulator–Metal structures on Indium doped Tin Oxide coated flexible Polyethylene Terephthalate substrates with Aluminum (Al) as the top electrode have been fabricated and studied in detail. The thickness of the film was measured using a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope. The Fourier Transform Infrared Attenuated Total Reflectance spectrum confirms the presence of both amide-I and amide-II in the protein film. Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy was performed for the absorption spectrum used to extract the optical bandgap. The surface roughness of the film was estimated by Atomic Force Microscopy. Electrical characterization of the devices gives a high capacitance density with a negative quadratic coefficient and a low dissipation factor, showing their potential for Radio Frequency/analog application. The number of dipoles (N_PD) is found to be 1.01 × 10¹⁸ cm⁻³ with a permanent dipole moment (μ₀) of 2.92 × 10⁻²⁵ C m at an applied frequency of 1 MHz. The devices show high reliability resistant to degradation, studied by Constant Voltage Stressing. We also examined the performance of these flexible devices by repeated bending with different bending radii.

The intricate degradation dynamics exhibited by biodegradable alloys significantly influence host responses during the implantation process, posing challenges in achieving stable osseointegration. It is thus critical to tailor the biodegradation profiles of these implants to establish a conductive tissue microenvironment for bone tissue regeneration. In this study, we demonstrate that Zn-Li alloy forms a layer of Li-containing degradation products at the bone-implant interface to accommodate the bone regeneration process. During the early inflammatory phase, the controlled release of lithium ions (Li⁺) and zinc ions (Zn²⁺) from the alloy induces chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) production from macrophages, which promotes the recruitment and differentiation of osteoblastic lineage cells. As a protective bone-implant interface is formed subsequently, the active Zn²⁺ release from Zn-Li alloy is suppressed while Li⁺ continues to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects and inhibit osteoclastogenesis. Therefore, the presence of Li in Zn-based alloy prevents the prolonged inflammation and fibrous capsulation typically seen in pure Zn implants. Our findings offer valuable insights into the development of novel biodegradable implants aimed at achieving osseointegration through bioadaption.

Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) containing nitrogen–vacancy (NV) centers are powerful quantum sensors capable of nanoscale optical and spin‐based detection of temperature and electric or magnetic fields. Improving their fluorescence brightness is critical for enhancing sensitivity, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we show that treatment with strongly oxidizing molten produces an ultrathin (2 nm) disordered‐carbon shell on FND that significantly enhances NV emission. Using correlative transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence (TEMPL), we directly link single‐particle morphology to optical performance and uncover previously inaccessible shape‐dependent behavior. For particles with aspect ratios exceeding six, volume‐normalized brightness increases by more than twofold compared with conventional air‐oxidized FNDs. Such enhancement does not arise from altered surface chemistry but from constructive sub‐wavelength interference at the diamond–carbon interface, enabled by the shell's lower refractive index (1.8–2.2). Moreover, despite the presence of disordered carbon, spin properties, including ODMR contrast and times remain comparable to those of air‐oxidized FNDs. These results reveal the physical origin of brightness enhancement in ‐treated FNDs, establish low‐index interfacial shells as an effective strategy for enhancing NV emission, and provide a simple route to brighter FND quantum sensors.