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Basin-scale sampling for high frequency oceanic primary production (PP) is available from satellites and must achieve a strong match-up with in situ observations. This study evaluated a regionally high-resolution satellite-derived PP using a vertically generalized production model (VGPM) with in situ PP. The aim was to compare the root mean square difference (RMSD) and relative percent bias (Bias) in different water masses around Taiwan. Determined using light–dark bottle methods, the spatial distribution of VGPM derived from different Chl-a data of MODIS Aqua (PPA), MODIS Terra (PPT), and averaged MODIS Aqua and Terra (PPA&T) exhibited similar seasonal patterns with in situ PP. The three types of satellite-derived PPs were linearly correlated with in situ PPs, the coefficients of which were higher throughout the year in PPA&T (r2 = 0.61) than in PPA (r2 = 0.42) and PPT (r2 = 0.38), respectively. The seasonal RMSR and bias for the satellite-derived PPs were in the range of 0.03 to 0.09 and −0.14 to −0.39, respectively, which suggests the PPA&T produces slightly more accurate PP measurements than PPA and PPT. On the basis of environmental conditions, the subareas were further divided into China Coast water, Taiwan Strait water, Northeastern upwelling water, and Kuroshio water. The VPGM PP in the four subareas displayed similar features to Chl-a variations, with the highest PP in the China Coast water and lowest PP in the Kuroshio water. The RMSD was higher in the Kuroshio water with an almost negative bias. The PPA exhibited significant correlations with in situ PP in the subareas; however, the sampling locations were insufficient to yield significant results in the China Coast water.
Kuo-Wei Lan; Li-Jhih Lian; Chun-Huei Li; Po-Yuan Hsiao; Sha-Yan Cheng. Validation of a Primary Production Algorithm of Vertically Generalized Production Model Derived from Multi-Satellite Data around the Waters of Taiwan. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 1627 .
AMA StyleKuo-Wei Lan, Li-Jhih Lian, Chun-Huei Li, Po-Yuan Hsiao, Sha-Yan Cheng. Validation of a Primary Production Algorithm of Vertically Generalized Production Model Derived from Multi-Satellite Data around the Waters of Taiwan. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (10):1627.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKuo-Wei Lan; Li-Jhih Lian; Chun-Huei Li; Po-Yuan Hsiao; Sha-Yan Cheng. 2020. "Validation of a Primary Production Algorithm of Vertically Generalized Production Model Derived from Multi-Satellite Data around the Waters of Taiwan." Remote Sensing 12, no. 10: 1627.
This study investigated the changes in bioaccumulation, bioabsorption, photosynthesis rate, respiration rate, and photosynthetic pigments (phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, and allophycocyanin) of Sarcodia suiae following cadmium exposure within 24 h. The bioabsorption was significantly higher than the bioaccumulation at all cadmium levels (p < 0.05). The ratios of bioabsorption/bioaccumulation in light and dark bottles were 2.17 and 1.74, respectively, when S. suiae was exposed to 5 Cd2+ mg/L. The chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration, oxygen evolution rate (photosynthetic efficiency), and oxygen consumption rate (respiratory efficiency) decreased with increasing bioaccumulation and ambient cadmium levels. The levels of bioaccumulation and bioabsorption in light environments were significantly higher than those in dark environments (p < 0.05). In addition, the ratios of phycoerythrin (PE)/Chl-a, phycocyanin (PC)/Chl-a, and allophycocyanin (APC)/Chl-a were also higher in light bottles compared to dark bottles at all ambient cadmium levels. These results indicated that the photosynthesis of seaweed will increase bioaccumulation and bioabsorption in a cadmium environment.
Tai-Wei Han; Chung-Chih Tseng; Minggang Cai; Kai Chen; Sha-Yen Cheng; Jun Wang. Effects of Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Bioabsorption, and Photosynthesis in Sarcodia suiae. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1294 .
AMA StyleTai-Wei Han, Chung-Chih Tseng, Minggang Cai, Kai Chen, Sha-Yen Cheng, Jun Wang. Effects of Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Bioabsorption, and Photosynthesis in Sarcodia suiae. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (4):1294.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTai-Wei Han; Chung-Chih Tseng; Minggang Cai; Kai Chen; Sha-Yen Cheng; Jun Wang. 2020. "Effects of Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Bioabsorption, and Photosynthesis in Sarcodia suiae." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4: 1294.
Ammonia and nitrite are the most common toxic nitrogenous compounds in aquaculture ponds. We evaluated the effects of a combined treatment with these two compounds on the hemolymph acid-base balance, electrolytes and oxyhemocyanin content in kuruma shrimp, (Marsupenaeus japonicus). The shrimp (6.37±1.29 g) were individually exposed to 9 different ammonia and nitrite regimes {ammonia at 0 (control), 0.39, and 1.49 mM combined with nitrite at 0 (control), 0.38, and 1.49 mM} in a 30‰ saline solution at 22°C. Hemolymph oxyhemocyanin (OxyHc), protein content, acid-base balance, osmolality, and electrolyte levels were measured in treated shrimp after 48 h of treatment. Hemolymph OxyHc, protein content, the OxyHc/protein ratio, pH, pCO2, HCO3(-), TCO2, OH(-)/H(+), osmolality, and Cl(-), Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+), and Mg(2+) levels were inversely related to the dose of ammonia and nitrite. However, hemolymph pO2 levels directly increased with the ammonia and nitrite concentrations. Following exposure to 1.49 mM ammonia+1.49 mM nitrite, the hemolymph pO2 increased by 89.5%, whereas the hemolymph OxyHc, protein content, OxyHc/protein ratio, pH, pCO2, HCO3(-), TCO2, OH(-)/H(+), osmolality, Cl(-), and Na(+) decreased by 51.2, 28.2, 34.9, 2.9, 51.1, 71.5, 70.8, 42.8, 4.9, 32.1, and 38.6%, respectively, compared with control shrimp. Combined ammonia and nitrite stress may therefore exert a synergistic effect on shrimp relative to the stress induced by ammonia or nitrite alone.
Sha-Yen Cheng; Li-Wei Shieh; Jiann-Chu Chen. Changes in hemolymph oxyhemocyanin, acid–base balance, and electrolytes in Marsupenaeus japonicus under combined ammonia and nitrite stress. Aquatic Toxicology 2013, 130-131, 132 -138.
AMA StyleSha-Yen Cheng, Li-Wei Shieh, Jiann-Chu Chen. Changes in hemolymph oxyhemocyanin, acid–base balance, and electrolytes in Marsupenaeus japonicus under combined ammonia and nitrite stress. Aquatic Toxicology. 2013; 130-131 ():132-138.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSha-Yen Cheng; Li-Wei Shieh; Jiann-Chu Chen. 2013. "Changes in hemolymph oxyhemocyanin, acid–base balance, and electrolytes in Marsupenaeus japonicus under combined ammonia and nitrite stress." Aquatic Toxicology 130-131, no. : 132-138.
Grouper have to face varied environmental stressors as a result of drastic changes to water conditions during the storm season. We aimed to test the response of brown-marbled grouper to drastic and gradual changes in temperature and salinity to understand the grouper’s basic stress response. The results can improve the culture of grouper. Brown-marbled grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (6.2 ± 0.8 g) were examined for temperature and salinity tolerances at nine different environmental regimes (10, 20, and 33 ‰ combined with 20, 26 and 32 °C), in which the fish were subjected to both gradual and sudden changes in temperature and salinity. The critical thermal maximum (50 % CTMAX) and the upper incipient lethal temperature (UILT) were in the ranges of 35.9–38.3 and 32.7–36.5 °C, respectively. The critical thermal minimum (50 % CTMIN) and the lower incipient lethal temperature (LILT) were in the ranges of 9.8–12.2 and 14.9–22.3 °C, respectively. The critical salinity maximum (50 % CSMAX) and the upper incipient lethal salinity (UILS) were in the ranges of 67.0–75.5 and 54.2–64.8 ‰, respectively. Fish at temperature of 20 °C and a salinity of 33 ‰ tolerated temperatures as low as 10 °C when the temperature was gradually decreased. Fish acclimated at salinities of 10–33 ‰ and a temperature of 32 °C tolerated salinities of as high as 75–79 ‰. All fish survived from accumulating salinity after acute transfer to 20, 10, 5, and 3 ‰. But all fish died while transferred to 0 ‰. Relationships among the UILT, LILT, 50 % CTMAX, 50 % CTMIN, UILS, 50 % CSMAX, salinity, and temperature were examined. The grouper’s temperature and salinity tolerance elevated by increasing acclimation temperature and salinity. On the contrary, the grouper’s temperature and salinity tolerance degraded by decreasing acclimation temperature and salinity. The tolerance of temperature and salinity on grouper in gradual changes were higher than in drastic changes.
Sha-Yen Cheng; Chih-Sung Chen; Jiann-Chu Chen. Salinity and temperature tolerance of brown-marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 2012, 39, 277 -286.
AMA StyleSha-Yen Cheng, Chih-Sung Chen, Jiann-Chu Chen. Salinity and temperature tolerance of brown-marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry. 2012; 39 (2):277-286.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSha-Yen Cheng; Chih-Sung Chen; Jiann-Chu Chen. 2012. "Salinity and temperature tolerance of brown-marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus." Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 39, no. 2: 277-286.