Textile chemistry and textile processing laboratories are essential environments for textile product research and development, but they also pose hazards that require rigorous precautions. Among the most common risks is handling chemicals used in the textile industry, such as dyes, solvents, and finishing chemicals, which can be contaminants, corrosive, and flammable, presenting risks of poisoning and fire. Textile processing laboratories also require proper ventilation, as a lack of appropriate ventilation in these environments can accumulate toxic vapors in the air. The most relevant risks and hazards of using textile chemistry laboratories include using equipment such as dyeing autoclaves under pressure and high temperature; drying ovens like furnaces/lab stenters; cylinders of squeezing, calenders, and others, capable of causing severe accidents. These laboratories also generate or handle solid waste and effluents containing, heavy metals to pathogens (e.g., from industrial sludge). It is essential to adopt rigorous safety measures in textile chemistry laboratories, including using personal protective equipment (PPE), proper training of workers, effective ventilation systems, and safe waste disposal protocols. Good laboratory work practices not only reduce risk but also promote better research; more accurate results; and better data. Therefore, this study aimed to map the risks and hazards of textile processing laboratories with a view to accident prevention and formalizing a protocol for good practices.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the occupational health and safety data in the textile industry to guide the implementation of the ISO 45001 standard. Theoretical Framework: The global estimates of the International Labor Organization show that the world economy loses about 4% of GDP annually to occupational diseases and accidents, which, in addition to human losses, result in a loss of productivity due to unsafe or unhealthy environments. Motivated by the transition from the OHSAS 18000 standard to the ISO 45001, it is necessary to understand the scenario of industries and the impact that accidents cause. Design/Methodology/Approach: From the collection of data from the state of Santa Catarina in the southern region of Brazil, a diagnosis is presented that may serve as a starting point for improvement actions regarding worker health and safety and as a benchmark for other companies in other sectors. The methodology began with analyzing the state of the art in occupational health and safety management, accident concepts, and the history of this theme worldwide. Findings: The results showed that the main accidents that occurred in the textile factories of Santa Catarina from 2012 to 2022 were with machinery and equipment, followed by accidents with chemical agents, transport vehicles, and biological agents. As for the most affected body parts, these were the fingers, followed by feet, hands (except wrists and fingers), and eyes. Another research question was to identify the sectors of the textile industry that had the most accidents in the period, which were the spinning, weaving, and textile processing sectors. Also, there were two thousand days lost in 2021 alone and, cumulatively, 45,900 days lost in this interim. Research, Practical & Social Implications: The absence of studies of this type for the textile industry and also a starting point for improvement actions regarding worker health and safety and as a benchmark for other companies in other sectors. The adoption of an Occupational Health and Safety Management System with the application of the ISO 45001 standard is a preventive and necessary measure to reduce the rates of accidents and diseases raised in the research carried out. Originality/Value: The relevance of the topic is demonstrated by the large number of accidents registered in Brazil and worldwide and, at the same time, the absence of studies of this type for the textile industry. The clipping of this sector helps to understand the data regarding the most affected body parts, the number of registered work accidents, expenses and waste for companies, their causes, and the sector in which the most accidents occur, thus guiding managers to the implementation of an effective occupational health and safety management system.

This study investigates the development of a sustainable flame-retardant treatment for cotton fabrics using a hybrid coating composed of chitosan, phytic acid, APTES, and eggshell powder at concentrations of 2% and 4%, applied in one and two cycles. FTIR confirmed the deposition of the organic–inorganic layer through the appearance of characteristic bands. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/dTGA) revealed enhanced thermal stability for all treated samples, with increased char yield and a shift in the main cellulose degradation peak. Vertical flammability tests demonstrated that all coated fabrics achieved self-extinguishing behavior within 12 s, meeting NFPA 701 criteria. The 2% eggshell formulation with two applications (S2%-II) exhibited the best balance between flame retardancy and mechanical performance. Tensile tests indicated improved fiber cohesion for treated samples, while SEM micrographs confirmed uniform coating deposition and particle integration. Colorimetric analysis showed that the treatment did not cause a significant change in the natural color of the cotton. Although washing resistance remains a limitation due to the natural origin of the components, the samples remained stable over time without microbial growth or staining, suggesting potential for upholstery and covering fabrics not subjected to domestic washing. The results highlight the feasibility of using agro-industrial waste to create eco-friendly flame-retardant finishes for cotton textiles.