This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
This study aimed to enhance distilled water production by employing conventional single-slope solar distillers with continuous seawater input. Three solar absorbers—i.e., a flat absorber, an absorber with 10 fins, and an absorber with 15 fins—were designed and examined experimentally. The seawater entered the distillers continuously due to gravity. Moreover, the seawater level inside the distillers was kept constant by using a floating ball valve. The overall size of each distiller was fixed at 1136 mm × 936 mm × 574 mm. The performance of the distillers was analyzed and discussed. The average yields of the flat absorber, the absorber with 10 fins, and the absorber with 15 fins were 1.185 L/d, 1.264 L/d, and 1.404 L/d, respectively. The results of the absorber with 15 fins were about 18.5% higher than those of the flat absorber. The experimental results were compared with the established correlations. This new design with increased water yield provides an effective approach for harvesting sunlight in remote tropical regions for small-scale solar desalination.
Mirmanto; I Made Adi Sayoga; Agung Tri Wijayanta; Agus Pulung Sasmito; Muhammad Aziz. Enhancement of Continuous-Feed Low-Cost Solar Distiller: Effects of Various Fin Designs. Energies 2021, 14, 4844 .
AMA StyleMirmanto, I Made Adi Sayoga, Agung Tri Wijayanta, Agus Pulung Sasmito, Muhammad Aziz. Enhancement of Continuous-Feed Low-Cost Solar Distiller: Effects of Various Fin Designs. Energies. 2021; 14 (16):4844.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirmanto; I Made Adi Sayoga; Agung Tri Wijayanta; Agus Pulung Sasmito; Muhammad Aziz. 2021. "Enhancement of Continuous-Feed Low-Cost Solar Distiller: Effects of Various Fin Designs." Energies 14, no. 16: 4844.
Chemical looping process (CLP) is a promising technology for in-situ CO2 capture without energy penalty. Direct CLP has more compact structure, favorable economic competitiveness, and larger reduction of exergy loss compared to syngas CLP. In this work, a novel biomass direct chemical looping combustion (CLC) driven tri-generation system for the production of cooling, heating, and power is proposed. The proposed system contains a direct CLC section as the prime mover, two gas turbines and an organic Rankine cycle for power generation, an absorption chiller for cooling production, and two heat exchangers to generate heat. First, a thorough thermodynamic analysis is implemented to assess the energy and exergy efficiencies of the proposed system under evaluated design conditions, as well as identify the exergy loss distribution. Second, Sensitivity analysis is conducted to investigate the effects of major operating parameters on the system performances. Third, the performances of the proposed system are compared to syngas CLC based tri-generation system. Thermodynamic analysis results show that the proposed system has high energy efficiency of 90.92% and exergy efficiency of 33.82%. The largest exergy loss takes place in the air reactor, accounting for 34.42% of total exergy loss, followed by fuel reactor and absorption chiller, which are 30.09% and 15.37%, respectively. Besides, the proposed system has better thermodynamic performances than syngas CLC driven tri-generation, whose energy and exergy efficiencies are 69% and 23.4%, respectively.
Zhuang Sun; Muhammad Aziz. Thermodynamic analysis of a tri-generation system driven by biomass direct chemical looping combustion process. Energy Conversion and Management 2021, 244, 114517 .
AMA StyleZhuang Sun, Muhammad Aziz. Thermodynamic analysis of a tri-generation system driven by biomass direct chemical looping combustion process. Energy Conversion and Management. 2021; 244 ():114517.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhuang Sun; Muhammad Aziz. 2021. "Thermodynamic analysis of a tri-generation system driven by biomass direct chemical looping combustion process." Energy Conversion and Management 244, no. : 114517.
In this work, an integrated conversion system of coal to ammonia (NH3) is developed with the objectives of total energy efficiency maximization and process simplification. The system integrates drying, chemical looping hydrogen production, cryogenic nitrogen separation, NH3 synthesis, and power generation. Due to this integration, the total exergy destruction from each individual process, as well as the whole system, can be reduced significantly, leading to high energy efficiency. Several operating parameters, including mass fraction of oxygen carrier, reduction temperature, oxidation temperature, operating pressure, and conversion per pass during NH3 synthesis are evaluated. Low-rank coal with a flowrate of 100 t h−1 (moisture content of 65.5 wt% wb) is used as the feedstock, while Fe2O3 is adopted as an oxygen carrier. From the results, the system shows high total energy efficiency (NH3 production and total energy efficiencies of 58% and 60%, respectively) and significant system simplification. Higher Fe2O3 mass fraction lowers the total flowrate of circulated material in the chemical looping module. Moreover, lower reduction temperature and higher combustion temperature are preferred due to lower amount of circulated material in the chemical looping module. Conversion per pass of 40% during NH3 synthesis leads to largest NH3 production amount, which is 40 t h−1.
Khasani; Willie Prasidha; Arif Widyatama; Muhammad Aziz. Energy-saving and environmentally-benign integrated ammonia production system. Energy 2021, 235, 121400 .
AMA StyleKhasani, Willie Prasidha, Arif Widyatama, Muhammad Aziz. Energy-saving and environmentally-benign integrated ammonia production system. Energy. 2021; 235 ():121400.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhasani; Willie Prasidha; Arif Widyatama; Muhammad Aziz. 2021. "Energy-saving and environmentally-benign integrated ammonia production system." Energy 235, no. : 121400.
The present study aimed to examine the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment and hot air, microwave–hot-air, infrared–hot air, and freeze-drying on the drying time, specific energy (SE), qualitative properties (i.e., color, shrinkage, and rehydration ratio), and bioactive compounds’ properties (i.e., antioxidant activity, phenolic, and flavonoid contents) of hawthorn fruit. Drying of hawthorn was conducted from 45 min for the ultrasonic + microwave–hot-air drying to 1280 min for the freeze-drying method. The lowest amount of SE was obtained using the ultrasonic-microwave–hot-air drying method, which was 47.57 MJ/kg. The lowest values in color changes (12.25) and shrinkage (17.21%) were recorded for the freeze-drying method, while the highest amounts for these traits were 45.57% and 66.75% in the HA drying, respectively. In general, the use of different drying methods reduces the antioxidant capacity (AC), total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) during processing compared to fresh samples. The highest values for AC, TPC, TFC, and the rehydration ratio were 30.69%, 73.07 mg-GAE/gdw, 65.93 mg-QE/gdw, and 2.02 for the freeze-drying method, respectively.
Yousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh; Mohammad Kaveh; Hamideh Fatemi; Muhammad Aziz. Combined Hot Air, Microwave, and Infrared Drying of Hawthorn Fruit: Effects of Ultrasonic Pretreatment on Drying Time, Energy, Qualitative, and Bioactive Compounds’ Properties. Foods 2021, 10, 1006 .
AMA StyleYousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh, Mohammad Kaveh, Hamideh Fatemi, Muhammad Aziz. Combined Hot Air, Microwave, and Infrared Drying of Hawthorn Fruit: Effects of Ultrasonic Pretreatment on Drying Time, Energy, Qualitative, and Bioactive Compounds’ Properties. Foods. 2021; 10 (5):1006.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh; Mohammad Kaveh; Hamideh Fatemi; Muhammad Aziz. 2021. "Combined Hot Air, Microwave, and Infrared Drying of Hawthorn Fruit: Effects of Ultrasonic Pretreatment on Drying Time, Energy, Qualitative, and Bioactive Compounds’ Properties." Foods 10, no. 5: 1006.
Waste management is becoming one of the most challenging tasks for developing countries in order to ensure good human health, as well as a healthy environment. Rajshahi City Corporation (RCC) is one of the 12 city corporations in Bangladesh. Various environmental and human health problems have arisen due to a lack of proper knowledge of waste management. Thus, the aim of this work is to illustrate the present status of MSW generation and management in Rajshahi City Corporation, Bangladesh. Fifty households were selected throughout RCC for waste collection, which represent approximately all types of households in RCC. From the qualitative and quantitative analysis, it is estimated that the approximate MSW generation in RCC is 358.19 t/d (tons/day) at an approximate rate of 0.4214 kg/person/d. Calorific values of the wastes have also been determined using the ultimate analysis results of the MSW. A higher calorific value of the dry MSW has been calculated as 14.9 MJ/kg. Moisture content of the MSW has been found to be 48.28%. It is also estimated that the possible power generation (steam energy to electrical power) from MSW generated in RCC is 159.40 MWh/d. Lastly, future scopes of MSW management and different waste management measures that need to be taken are illustrated. Waste-to-energy (WTE) conversion has been given priority and anaerobic digestion (AD) has been found to be an interesting prospect in this sector. Techno-economic analysis of the AD has been conducted. Energy potential from the proposed plant has been calculated as 3.85 MW and the payback period has been found to be 4.9 years. It has been observed that employing AD on a large scale can not only reduce the waste, but also meet a large portion of the energy demand of this city.
Ahasan Habib; Mim Ahmed; Muhammad Aziz; Mohd. Beg; Emdadul Hoque. Municipal Solid Waste Management and Waste-to-Energy Potential from Rajshahi City Corporation in Bangladesh. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 3744 .
AMA StyleAhasan Habib, Mim Ahmed, Muhammad Aziz, Mohd. Beg, Emdadul Hoque. Municipal Solid Waste Management and Waste-to-Energy Potential from Rajshahi City Corporation in Bangladesh. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (9):3744.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhasan Habib; Mim Ahmed; Muhammad Aziz; Mohd. Beg; Emdadul Hoque. 2021. "Municipal Solid Waste Management and Waste-to-Energy Potential from Rajshahi City Corporation in Bangladesh." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9: 3744.
Hydrogen (H2) is a secondary energy source (energy carrier) which has advantages of high cleanliness and efficiency, leading to its potential utilization in the future energy system. However, H2 suffers a great challenge in its storage because of low volumetric energy density. Among the available technologies and media for H2 storage, ammonia (NH3) is considered very promising due to its characteristics of high hydrogen density, excellent storage, high stability, and matured technology and infrastructure. Currently, NH3 is massively produced through Haber-Bosch process conducted at high pressure and temperature. Therefore, large energy is consumed to synthesize NH3. There are several other alternative technologies for NH3 synthesis, including thermochemical, electrochemical, photochemical, and plasma-assisted processes. This paper reviews mainly both thermochemical and electrochemical NH3 production technologies, including their updates and challenges, and also by considering both technological feasibility and applicability. In addition, several projects and efforts carried out by several countries to utilize NH3 as potential fuel in the energy system are also overviewed. Furthermore, technological analysis, challenges, and recommendations are also provided with the objective of evaluating the potential adoption of NH3 in the future energy system.
Firman Bagja Juangsa; Adrian Rizqi Irhamna; Muhammad Aziz. Production of ammonia as potential hydrogen carrier: Review on thermochemical and electrochemical processes. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2021, 46, 14455 -14477.
AMA StyleFirman Bagja Juangsa, Adrian Rizqi Irhamna, Muhammad Aziz. Production of ammonia as potential hydrogen carrier: Review on thermochemical and electrochemical processes. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2021; 46 (27):14455-14477.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFirman Bagja Juangsa; Adrian Rizqi Irhamna; Muhammad Aziz. 2021. "Production of ammonia as potential hydrogen carrier: Review on thermochemical and electrochemical processes." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46, no. 27: 14455-14477.
Synthetic gas generated from the gasification of biomass feedstocks is one of the clean and sustainable energy sources. In this work, a fixed-bed downdraft gasifier was used to perform the gasification on a lab-scale of rice husk, sawdust, and coconut shell. The aim of this work is to find and compare the synthetic gas generation characteristics and prospects of sawdust and coconut shell with rice husk. A temperature range of 650–900 °C was used to conduct gasification of these three biomass feedstocks. The feed rate of rice husk, sawdust, and coconut shell was 3–5 kg/h, while the airflow rate was 2–3 m3/h. Experimental results show that the highest generated quantity of methane (vol. %) in synthetic gas was achieved by using coconut shell than sawdust and rice husk. It also shows that hydrogen production was higher in the gasification of coconut shell than sawdust and rice husk. In addition, emission generations in coconut shell gasification are lower than rice husk although emissions of rice husk gasification are even lower than fossil fuel. Rice husk, sawdust, and coconut shell are cost-effective biomass sources in Bangladesh. Therefore, the outcomes of this paper can be used to provide clean and economic energy sources for the near future.
Emdadul Hoque; Fazlur Rashid; Muhammad Aziz. Gasification and Power Generation Characteristics of Rice Husk, Sawdust, and Coconut Shell Using a Fixed-Bed Downdraft Gasifier. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2027 .
AMA StyleEmdadul Hoque, Fazlur Rashid, Muhammad Aziz. Gasification and Power Generation Characteristics of Rice Husk, Sawdust, and Coconut Shell Using a Fixed-Bed Downdraft Gasifier. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2027.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmdadul Hoque; Fazlur Rashid; Muhammad Aziz. 2021. "Gasification and Power Generation Characteristics of Rice Husk, Sawdust, and Coconut Shell Using a Fixed-Bed Downdraft Gasifier." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2027.
COVID-19 pandemic has brought tremendous environmental burden due to huge amount of medical wastes (about 54,000 t/d as of November 22, 2020), including face mask, gloves, clothes, goggles, and sanitizer/disinfectant containers. A proper waste management is urgently required to mitigate the spread of the disease, minimize the environmental impacts, and take their potential advantages for further utilization. This work provides a prospective review on the possible thermochemical treatments for those COVID-19 related medical wastes (CMW), as well as their possible conversion to fuels. The characteristics of each waste are initially analyzed and described, especially their potential as energy source. It is clear that most of CMWs are dominated by plastic polymers. Thermochemical processes, including incineration, torrefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification, are reviewed in terms of applicability for CMW. In addition, the mechanical treatment of CMW into sanitized refuse-derived fuel (SRDF) is also discussed as the preliminary stage before thermochemical conversion. In terms of material flexibility, incineration is practically applicable for all types of CMW, although it has the highest potential to emit the largest amount of CO2 and other harmful gasses. Furthermore, gasification and pyrolysis are considered promising in terms of energy conversion efficiency and environmental impacts. On the other hand, carbonization faces several technical problems following thermal degradation due to insufficient operating temperature.
Chandra Wahyu Purnomo; Winarto Kurniawan; Muhammad Aziz. Technological review on thermochemical conversion of COVID-19-related medical wastes. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2021, 167, 105429 -105429.
AMA StyleChandra Wahyu Purnomo, Winarto Kurniawan, Muhammad Aziz. Technological review on thermochemical conversion of COVID-19-related medical wastes. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2021; 167 ():105429-105429.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChandra Wahyu Purnomo; Winarto Kurniawan; Muhammad Aziz. 2021. "Technological review on thermochemical conversion of COVID-19-related medical wastes." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 167, no. : 105429-105429.
Hydrogen has attracted global attention as a clean secondary energy source and has numerous possible applications, including fuel for vehicles. To store the hydrogen effectively, ammonia is considered promising due to high hydrogen density, stability, and total energy efficiency. Adopting ammonia as a fuel in vehicles requires a proper fuel tank design to fulfill the required volumetric content and safety standards, without neglecting the economic objectives. In general, a type-IV pressure vessel is utilized as a fuel tank because it is the lightest one, compared to other types of pressure vessel. This paper focuses on the effort to develop a lightweight type-IV ammonia pressure vessel designed for mobility vehicles. The material combination (liner and composite) and composite stacking sequence are analyzed for both burst and impact tests by using a finite element method. Two polymer materials of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP) are evaluated as the liner considering their ultimate tensile strength, density, cost, and compatibility with ammonia, while carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) are adopted as composite skins. In addition, five composite stacking sequences are analyzed in this study. Von Mises stress and Hashin’s damage initiation criteria are used to evaluate the performance of liner and composite, respectively. As the results, PP-based pressure vessels generate lower stress in the liner compared to PET-based vessels. In addition, CFRP-based pressure vessels have a higher safety margin and are able to generate lower stress in the liner and lower damage initiation criteria in the composite skin. The material combination of PP-CFRP with a stacking sequence of [90/±30/90]3s gives the lowest maximum stress in the liner during the burst test, while, for the impact test, the stacking sequence of [90/±θ/90]3s is considered the most appropriate option to realize a lower stress at the liner, although this tendency is relatively small for vessels with PP liner.
Alvin Reynaldo; Hari Sidik Pramono; Sigit Puji Santosa; Muhammad Aziz. Finite Element Analysis of Liquefied Ammonia Tank for Mobility Vehicles Employing Polymers and Composites. Energies 2020, 13, 5312 .
AMA StyleAlvin Reynaldo, Hari Sidik Pramono, Sigit Puji Santosa, Muhammad Aziz. Finite Element Analysis of Liquefied Ammonia Tank for Mobility Vehicles Employing Polymers and Composites. Energies. 2020; 13 (20):5312.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlvin Reynaldo; Hari Sidik Pramono; Sigit Puji Santosa; Muhammad Aziz. 2020. "Finite Element Analysis of Liquefied Ammonia Tank for Mobility Vehicles Employing Polymers and Composites." Energies 13, no. 20: 5312.
In this study, the drying time, effective moisture diffusivity (Deff), specific energy consumption (SEC), and quality (color, shrinkage, and rehydration) of the ultrasound-pretreated (US) carrot slices were compared when dried by hot air drying (HD), microwave drying (MWD), infrared drying (INFD), and hybrid methods of MW–HD and INF–HD. Five mathematical models were considered to describe the drying kinetics in the carrots. The results show that US+MW–HD and INFD were the fastest and the slowest drying techniques compared to the HD technique with a 73% and 23% drying time reduction, respectively. The Deff ranged from 7.12 × 10−9 to 2.78 × 10−8 m2/s. The highest and lowest SECs were 297.29 ± 11.21 and 23.75 ± 2.22 MJ/kg which were observed in the HD and US+MWD, respectively. The color variation indices indicated that the best sample in terms of color stability was the one dried by US+MW–HD with the color variation of 11.02 ± 0.27. The lowest and highest shrinkage values were also observed in the samples dried by US+MWD and HD (31.8 ± 1.1% and 62.23 ± 1.77%), respectively. Samples dried by US+MWD and HD possessed the highest and lowest rehydration, respectively. Although the carrot slices dried at a higher pace by US+MW–HD (compared to US+MWD), the shrinkage and SEC of the samples dried by US+MWD were significantly lower than the US+MW–HD (p < 0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of the US+MWD method can be considered as a proper alternative for drying the carrot slices when compared to the HD, MWD, INFD, and hybrid methods.
Yousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh; Mohammad Kaveh; Muhammad Aziz. Ultrasonic-Microwave and Infrared Assisted Convective Drying of Carrot: Drying Kinetic, Quality and Energy Consumption. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6309 .
AMA StyleYousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh, Mohammad Kaveh, Muhammad Aziz. Ultrasonic-Microwave and Infrared Assisted Convective Drying of Carrot: Drying Kinetic, Quality and Energy Consumption. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (18):6309.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh; Mohammad Kaveh; Muhammad Aziz. 2020. "Ultrasonic-Microwave and Infrared Assisted Convective Drying of Carrot: Drying Kinetic, Quality and Energy Consumption." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18: 6309.
Ammonia (NH3) has attracted much attention as both a fuel and an energy carrier due to its flexibility and overall cleanliness. As hydrogen storage, it can be used for short to long terms and has lower environmental impacts at the point of use·NH3 synthesis is commonly performed by reacting hydrogen and nitrogen via the Haber-Bosch process. Due to its energy-intensive processes for hydrogen production, as well as high pressure required for NH3 synthesis, an alternative highly efficient system is needed. An integrated system that combines biomass pre-treatment (evaporation and carbonization), combustion, thermochemical cycle for NH3 synthesis, and power generation is proposed in this work. By performing NH3 synthesis via the thermochemical cycle consisting of reduction and oxidation, the process can bypass the steam reforming process of hydrogen production. Additionally, the thermochemical cycle can be performed under an atmospheric condition in the absence of a catalyst. The integrated system is proposed based on enhanced process integration involving exergy elevation and exergy recovery. Furthermore, the effect of thermochemical cycle conditions on the NH3 production efficiency and performance of power generation at different parameters are evaluated. As a result, utilization of 100 t h−1 of empty fruit bunch can coproduce NH3 and power of 8.95 t h−1 and 46.35 MW, respectively. Besides, the developed system can achieve a total net efficiency of about 48%.
Arif Darmawan; Baskoro Lokahita; Koji Tokimatsu; Muhammad Aziz. Direct ammonia production via a combination of carbonization and thermochemical cycle from empty fruit bunch. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 2020, 20, 100673 .
AMA StyleArif Darmawan, Baskoro Lokahita, Koji Tokimatsu, Muhammad Aziz. Direct ammonia production via a combination of carbonization and thermochemical cycle from empty fruit bunch. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress. 2020; 20 ():100673.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArif Darmawan; Baskoro Lokahita; Koji Tokimatsu; Muhammad Aziz. 2020. "Direct ammonia production via a combination of carbonization and thermochemical cycle from empty fruit bunch." Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 20, no. : 100673.
Despite the potential of hydrogen (H2) as energy carrier, its storage and transportation are challenging and become one of the keys in the successful adoption of H2. Among various methods of H2 storage, ammonia (NH3) shows very promising characteristics of high gravimetric and volumetric H2 densities, possibility for direct utilization, and established infrastructure. This work proposes an integrated system consisting of NH3 decomposition through thermo-catalytic process and H2-based power generation. The thermal energy demanded for the endothermic reaction of thermo-catalytic NH3 decomposition is supplied from the combustion reaction of H2. The remaining heat is used to generate the electricity using a combined cycle, and the overall heat circulation is optimized based on enhanced process integration (EPI) to achieve a highly efficient system. Four types of catalysts (ruthenium, molybdenum nitride, nickel oxide, and lithium nitrohydride), having different reaction temperature and conversion rate, are employed in the system and their performance are then evaluated. The results show that both parameters have an influence in determining the system efficiency and power generation efficiency with different behavior. The conversion rate has a strong effect on the system efficiency as it determines the amount of H2 produced from the NH3 decomposition process. Meanwhile, the reaction temperature has a major effect on the power generation efficiency. The proposed system with lithium nitrohydride shows the highest power generation efficiency of 43.7%, while the highest overall system efficiency of 48.3% can be achieved when ruthenium catalyst is employed.
Firman Bagja Juangsa; Prihadi Setyo Darmanto; Muhammad Aziz. CO2-free power generation employing integrated ammonia decomposition and hydrogen combustion-based combined cycle. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 2020, 19, 100672 .
AMA StyleFirman Bagja Juangsa, Prihadi Setyo Darmanto, Muhammad Aziz. CO2-free power generation employing integrated ammonia decomposition and hydrogen combustion-based combined cycle. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress. 2020; 19 ():100672.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFirman Bagja Juangsa; Prihadi Setyo Darmanto; Muhammad Aziz. 2020. "CO2-free power generation employing integrated ammonia decomposition and hydrogen combustion-based combined cycle." Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 19, no. : 100672.
The braking system in a vehicle has the main role of slowing down the speed or stopping the moving vehicle. Compared to mechanical braking, which utilizes friction, non-contact braking has several advantages, including longer lifetime and less maintenance. One form of non-contact braking systems is the eddy current brake (ECB), an electric braking system that employs eddy currents to operate. This research focuses on the impact of magnetic field sources used in the ECB. In addition, the number of magnetic field sources is also observed. In order to achieve an ECB design that can be easily applied in any types of vehicles, including motorcycles and compact cars, a compact ECB design with an excellent braking torque is required. In this study, a compact design of the ECB is obtained by distributing the required braking torque from the disc brake into multiple electromagnets. Finite element method-based modeling has been performed to study ECB parameters, including the number of coil winding, the number of electromagnets, and the electric current. The results of this study show that the developed compact ECB could produce 93.66% of the torque required for braking.
Mufti Reza Aulia Putra; Muhammad Nizam; Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana; Muhammad Aziz; Aditya Rio Prabowo. Application of Multiple Unipolar Axial Eddy Current Brakes for Lightweight Electric Vehicle Braking. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 4659 .
AMA StyleMufti Reza Aulia Putra, Muhammad Nizam, Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana, Muhammad Aziz, Aditya Rio Prabowo. Application of Multiple Unipolar Axial Eddy Current Brakes for Lightweight Electric Vehicle Braking. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (13):4659.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMufti Reza Aulia Putra; Muhammad Nizam; Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana; Muhammad Aziz; Aditya Rio Prabowo. 2020. "Application of Multiple Unipolar Axial Eddy Current Brakes for Lightweight Electric Vehicle Braking." Applied Sciences 10, no. 13: 4659.
Ammonia is considered to be a potential medium for hydrogen storage, facilitating CO2-free energy systems in the future. Its high volumetric hydrogen density, low storage pressure and stability for long-term storage are among the beneficial characteristics of ammonia for hydrogen storage. Furthermore, ammonia is also considered safe due to its high auto ignition temperature, low condensation pressure and lower gas density than air. Ammonia can be produced from many different types of primary energy sources, including renewables, fossil fuels and surplus energy (especially surplus electricity from the grid). In the utilization site, the energy from ammonia can be harvested directly as fuel or initially decomposed to hydrogen for many options of hydrogen utilization. This review describes several potential technologies, in current conditions and in the future, for ammonia production, storage and utilization. Ammonia production includes the currently adopted Haber–Bosch, electrochemical and thermochemical cycle processes. Furthermore, in this study, the utilization of ammonia is focused mainly on the possible direct utilization of ammonia due to its higher total energy efficiency, covering the internal combustion engine, combustion for gas turbines and the direct ammonia fuel cell. Ammonia decomposition is also described, in order to give a glance at its progress and problems. Finally, challenges and recommendations are also given toward the further development of the utilization of ammonia for hydrogen storage.
Muhammad Aziz; Agung Tri Wijayanta; Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto. Ammonia as Effective Hydrogen Storage: A Review on Production, Storage and Utilization. Energies 2020, 13, 1 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Aziz, Agung Tri Wijayanta, Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto. Ammonia as Effective Hydrogen Storage: A Review on Production, Storage and Utilization. Energies. 2020; 13 (12):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Aziz; Agung Tri Wijayanta; Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto. 2020. "Ammonia as Effective Hydrogen Storage: A Review on Production, Storage and Utilization." Energies 13, no. 12: 1.
This research examines the impact of various pretreatments on effective moisture diffusivity coefficient (Deff), activation energy (Ea), specific energy consumption (SEC ), color, and shrinkage of blackberry (Rubus spp.). Hot air drying experiments were conducted under three different temperatures (50, 60, and 70°C) and four pretreatments, including thermal pretreatment by hot water blanching at 70, 80, and 90°C, pulse pretreatment with microwave having power of 90, 180, and 360 W, chemical pretreatment using ascorbic acid (1% in distilled water), and mechanical pretreatment using ultrasonic vibration with working frequency of 28 ± 5% kHz for 15, 30, and 45 min. The results show that the highest Deff value, which was 1.00 × 10–8 m2/s, could be achieved by using a microwave pretreatment with power and drying temperature of 360 W and 70°C͘, respectively. Moreover, the lowest Deff value obtained from this similar pretreatment condition was 3.10 × 10–9 m2/s at a drying temperature of 50°C, while Ea ranged from 13.61 to 26.02 kJ/mol. The highest and lowest SECs were 269.91 kW hr/kg for the control sample and 75.63 kW hr/kg for the microwave pretreatment, respectively. Furthermore, the largest color change and shrinkage were detected in ascorbic acid pretreatment and control sample, respectively.
Mohammad Kaveh; Ebrahim Taghinezhad; Muhammad Aziz. Effects of physical and chemical pretreatments on drying and quality properties of blackberry ( Rubus spp.) in hot air dryer. Food Science & Nutrition 2020, 8, 3843 -3856.
AMA StyleMohammad Kaveh, Ebrahim Taghinezhad, Muhammad Aziz. Effects of physical and chemical pretreatments on drying and quality properties of blackberry ( Rubus spp.) in hot air dryer. Food Science & Nutrition. 2020; 8 (7):3843-3856.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Kaveh; Ebrahim Taghinezhad; Muhammad Aziz. 2020. "Effects of physical and chemical pretreatments on drying and quality properties of blackberry ( Rubus spp.) in hot air dryer." Food Science & Nutrition 8, no. 7: 3843-3856.
The braking torque mathematical modelling in electromagnetic eddy current brake (ECB) often ignores the skin effect that occurrs during operation. However this phenomenon can not be simply neglected. Therefore, this paper presents a mathematical model of braking torque for a unipolar axial type of ECB system with a non-magnetic disk, which considers the skin effects. The use of mathematical models that consider the existence of skin effects is significant in approaching the braking torque according to the actual condition. The utilization of generic calculations to the model of the ECB braking torque leads to invalid results. Hence, in this paper, the correction factor was added to improve the braking torque calculation as a comparator to the proposed equation. However, the modification and addition of the correction factor were only valid to estimate the low-speed regimes of torque, but very distant for the high-speed condition. From the comparison of calculated values using analytical and 3D modelling, the amount of braking torque at a low speed was found to have an average error for the equation using a correction factor of 1.78 Nm, while after repairing, a value of 1.16 Nm was obtained. For the overall speed, an average error of 14.63 Nm was achieved, while the proposed equation had a small difference of 1.79 Nm. The torque difference from the calculation results of the proposed model with the measurement value in the experiment was 4.9%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the proposed equation provided a better braking torque value approach for both low and high speeds.
Hery Tri Waloyo; U Ubaidillah; Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana; Muhammad Nizam; Muhammad Aziz; Hery Waloyo. A Novel Approach on the Unipolar Axial Type Eddy Current Brake Model Considering the Skin Effect. Energies 2020, 13, 1561 .
AMA StyleHery Tri Waloyo, U Ubaidillah, Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana, Muhammad Nizam, Muhammad Aziz, Hery Waloyo. A Novel Approach on the Unipolar Axial Type Eddy Current Brake Model Considering the Skin Effect. Energies. 2020; 13 (7):1561.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHery Tri Waloyo; U Ubaidillah; Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana; Muhammad Nizam; Muhammad Aziz; Hery Waloyo. 2020. "A Novel Approach on the Unipolar Axial Type Eddy Current Brake Model Considering the Skin Effect." Energies 13, no. 7: 1561.
Black liquor (BL) is a by-product in the paper and pulp industry. Although it has good potential for providing energy as an industrial waste, BL's high moisture content limits its usability. In this study, an integrated system to effectively co-produce power and ammonia (NH3) from BL is modeled and evaluated. The modeling and integration are conducted using the principles of exergy recovery and process integration to effectively circulate the energy/heat throughout the whole system. The developed system involves BL evaporation, gasification, syngas chemical looping (SCL), and NH3 synthesis. During SCL process, H2, CO2, and N2-rich gas are produced consecutively in the oxidation, reduction, and combustion reactors, respectively. The designed system can achieve the total energy efficiency of ~50%. The result also suggests that N2-rich gas and pure H2 produced during SCL can be used directly for NH3 synthesis without any additional energy penalty. The additional step for CO2 separation can also be avoided, affording a cleaner and more efficient system that provides complete carbon capture.
Arif Darmawan; Muhammad W. Ajiwibowo; Koji Tokimatsu; Muhammad Aziz. Efficient co-production of power and ammonia from black liquor. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2020, 45, 34437 -34448.
AMA StyleArif Darmawan, Muhammad W. Ajiwibowo, Koji Tokimatsu, Muhammad Aziz. Efficient co-production of power and ammonia from black liquor. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020; 45 (59):34437-34448.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArif Darmawan; Muhammad W. Ajiwibowo; Koji Tokimatsu; Muhammad Aziz. 2020. "Efficient co-production of power and ammonia from black liquor." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 45, no. 59: 34437-34448.
High penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) leads to high stress on a power grid, especially when the supply cannot cover and actively respond to the unpredictable demand caused by charging EVs. In the Java-Madura-Bali (JAMALI) area, Indonesia, the capability of the grid to balance its supply and demand is very limited, and massive EV charging additionally worsens the condition because of unbalanced load profiles. Ancillary services of EVs have led to the idea of utilizing EV batteries for grid support, owing to their high-speed response to the fluctuating power system. In this study, a techno-economic analysis of the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) system in the JAMALI grid is conducted in terms of the changes in the feed-in tariff schemes, including regular, natural, and demand response tariffs. The results show that by utilizing EVs, the supply during peak hours can be reduced by up to 2.8% (for coal) and 8.8% (for gas). EVs owned by business entities as operating vehicles with a natural tariff show the highest feasibility for ancillary services, and can potentially reduce the cost of charging by up to 60.15%. From a power company perspective, V2G also potentially improves annual revenue by approximately 3.65%, owing to the replacement of the fuel.
Muhammad Huda; Tokimatsu Koji; Muhammad Aziz. Techno Economic Analysis of Vehicle to Grid (V2G) Integration as Distributed Energy Resources in Indonesia Power System. Energies 2020, 13, 1162 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Huda, Tokimatsu Koji, Muhammad Aziz. Techno Economic Analysis of Vehicle to Grid (V2G) Integration as Distributed Energy Resources in Indonesia Power System. Energies. 2020; 13 (5):1162.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Huda; Tokimatsu Koji; Muhammad Aziz. 2020. "Techno Economic Analysis of Vehicle to Grid (V2G) Integration as Distributed Energy Resources in Indonesia Power System." Energies 13, no. 5: 1162.
This work aims to investigate piezoresistive behavior in plain-woven carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). Measurement method for electric resistant alteration in the woven CFRP under tensile loading by using a Wheatstone bridge circuit is introduced. Reversibility of the resistant alteration is also investigated whereas the gauge factor of the woven CFRP is evaluated. The result shows that the positive piezoresistive properties of the woven CFRP can be observed by the Wheatstone bridge circuit. The specific resistances of 43.8 μΩm and 10.1 μΩm are obtained for wrap and thickness directions, respectively. Reversibility with a hysteresis of the woven CFRP can also be confirmed with the gauge factor of 22.9 at loading conditions and 17.7 at unloading conditions. Positive piezoresistive behavior which has been revealed in this work can be utilized for structural health monitoring technology development.
Ignatius Pulung Nurprasetio; Bentang Arief Budiman; Ahmad Alfin Afwan; Putri Nur Halimah; Sarah Tania Utami; Muhammad Aziz. Nonlinear Piezoresistive Behavior of Plain-Woven Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Subjected to Tensile Loading. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 1366 .
AMA StyleIgnatius Pulung Nurprasetio, Bentang Arief Budiman, Ahmad Alfin Afwan, Putri Nur Halimah, Sarah Tania Utami, Muhammad Aziz. Nonlinear Piezoresistive Behavior of Plain-Woven Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Subjected to Tensile Loading. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (4):1366.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIgnatius Pulung Nurprasetio; Bentang Arief Budiman; Ahmad Alfin Afwan; Putri Nur Halimah; Sarah Tania Utami; Muhammad Aziz. 2020. "Nonlinear Piezoresistive Behavior of Plain-Woven Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Subjected to Tensile Loading." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4: 1366.
Open access peer-reviewed chapter
Muhammad Aziz. Introductory Chapter: Green Energy Systems. Exergy and Its Application - Toward Green Energy Production and Sustainable Environment 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Aziz. Introductory Chapter: Green Energy Systems. Exergy and Its Application - Toward Green Energy Production and Sustainable Environment. 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Aziz. 2019. "Introductory Chapter: Green Energy Systems." Exergy and Its Application - Toward Green Energy Production and Sustainable Environment , no. : 1.