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Prof. Ana Sofia Guimarães
CONSTRUCT, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal

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0 Energy Efficiency
0 Numerical Simulation
0 Thermal Comfort
0 3D printing
0 indoor environment

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Numerical Simulation
3D printing
indoor environment

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Journal article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Materials
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The understanding of the mechanical fixation behavior of coatings is crucial for a better comprehension of the bonding systems, especially at the interface between the mortar and the substrate. Physical adherence is related, among other things, to the contents of the materials used in the roughcast and mortar coatings, due to the colloidal water penetration into the pores of the substrate. This work evaluated the influence of different lime solution additions replacing the kneading water in the preparation of roughcast and mortar coatings. Two types of substrates were investigated:ceramic bricks and concrete blocks. Three wall masonry panels were constructed, with dimensions of 220 × 180 cm2, one of concrete block and two of ceramic bricks, followed by the application of roughcast and mortar coating with an average thickness of 5 mm and 20 mm, respectively. Direct tensile bond strength tests were performed and the results, with a 95% confidence level, showed that substrate ceramic and treatment in the roughcast exhibited a better behavior regarding the distribution of the tensile bond strength of the tested specimens. However, no significant differences of the amount of addition used (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) on the tensile bond strength were observed.

ACS Style

André Santos; Ângelo Silva; João Mota; João Delgado; Fernando Silva; António Azevedo. The Influence of Lime Solution in Kneading Water Substitution on Cement Roughcast and Mortar Coating. Materials 2021, 14, 4174 .

AMA Style

André Santos, Ângelo Silva, João Mota, João Delgado, Fernando Silva, António Azevedo. The Influence of Lime Solution in Kneading Water Substitution on Cement Roughcast and Mortar Coating. Materials. 2021; 14 (15):4174.

Chicago/Turabian Style

André Santos; Ângelo Silva; João Mota; João Delgado; Fernando Silva; António Azevedo. 2021. "The Influence of Lime Solution in Kneading Water Substitution on Cement Roughcast and Mortar Coating." Materials 14, no. 15: 4174.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2021 in Energies
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The main goal of this work is the analysis of potential energy and green benefits of 3D printing on building construction. Current literature reports a considerable number of benefits for 3D printing, namely, reduction of material use, lower operational costs and time-saving. The authors also mention design freedom, higher efficiency, productivity and quality. This work presents the latest developments in 3D printing in civil engineering, namely, a review of the last 3D printing projects and the limitations of construction 3D printing with a focus on large-scale applications, technology costs, mix development and optimisation and thermal behaviour.

ACS Style

Ana Guimarães; João Delgado; Sandra Lucas. Advanced Manufacturing in Civil Engineering. Energies 2021, 14, 4474 .

AMA Style

Ana Guimarães, João Delgado, Sandra Lucas. Advanced Manufacturing in Civil Engineering. Energies. 2021; 14 (15):4474.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Guimarães; João Delgado; Sandra Lucas. 2021. "Advanced Manufacturing in Civil Engineering." Energies 14, no. 15: 4474.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2021 in Energies
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This work aims to study the drying of clay ceramic materials with arbitrary shapes theoretically. Advanced phenomenological mathematical models based on lumped analysis and their exact solutions are presented to predict the heat and mass transfers in the porous material and estimate the transport coefficients. Application has been made in hollow ceramic bricks. Different simulations were carried out to evaluate the effect of drying air conditions (relative humidity and speed) under conditions of forced and natural convection. The transient results of the moisture content and temperature of the brick, and the convective heat and mass transfer coefficients are presented, discussed and compared with experimental data, obtaining a good agreement. It was found that the lower the relative humidity is and the higher the speed of the drying air is, the higher the convective heat and mass transfer coefficients are at the surface of the brick and in the holes, and the faster the moisture removal material and heating is. Based on the predicted results, the best conditions for brick drying were given. The idea is to increase the quality of the brick after the process, to reduce the waste of raw material and energy consumption in the process.

ACS Style

Elisiane Lima; João Delgado; Ana Guimarães; Wanderson Lima; Ivonete Santos; Josivanda Gomes; Rosilda Santos; Anderson Vilela; Arianne Viana; Genival Almeida; Antonio Lima; João Franco. Drying and Heating Processes in Arbitrarily Shaped Clay Materials Using Lumped Phenomenological Modeling. Energies 2021, 14, 4294 .

AMA Style

Elisiane Lima, João Delgado, Ana Guimarães, Wanderson Lima, Ivonete Santos, Josivanda Gomes, Rosilda Santos, Anderson Vilela, Arianne Viana, Genival Almeida, Antonio Lima, João Franco. Drying and Heating Processes in Arbitrarily Shaped Clay Materials Using Lumped Phenomenological Modeling. Energies. 2021; 14 (14):4294.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisiane Lima; João Delgado; Ana Guimarães; Wanderson Lima; Ivonete Santos; Josivanda Gomes; Rosilda Santos; Anderson Vilela; Arianne Viana; Genival Almeida; Antonio Lima; João Franco. 2021. "Drying and Heating Processes in Arbitrarily Shaped Clay Materials Using Lumped Phenomenological Modeling." Energies 14, no. 14: 4294.

Journal article
Published: 17 June 2021 in Sensors
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Detailed information about concrete behavior in real structures is an important issue in controlling its performance during its service life, and the use of embedded sensors to obtain desired information such as temperature, onset of the cracking process and evolution of strains, has gained the attention of the building concrete industry. Data obtained using this technology can provide valuable information for decision making about the need for corrective interventions that can ensure the integrity and safety of concrete structures for long period of time. This paper presents a review of the current state-of-the-art of embedded fiber optic sensors used to assess concrete information of a wide range of aspects, comprising: existing alternative technologies, characteristics and advantages, practical applications and future developments. Complementarily, the work presents preliminary results of the use of fiber optic sensors to automatically and continuously perform expansion readings of AAR in concrete elements that facilitate both the storage—with elimination of the usual interruptions for manual readings—and the availability of continuous results of expansion data that are not possible to obtain with usual AAR tests code reading recommendations.

ACS Style

K.K. Silva; F.A.N. Silva; T. Mahfoud; A. Khelidj; A. Brientin; A.C. Azevedo; J.M.P.Q. Delgado; A.G. de Lima. On the Use of Embedded Fiber Optic Sensors for Measuring Early-Age Strains in Concrete. Sensors 2021, 21, 4171 .

AMA Style

K.K. Silva, F.A.N. Silva, T. Mahfoud, A. Khelidj, A. Brientin, A.C. Azevedo, J.M.P.Q. Delgado, A.G. de Lima. On the Use of Embedded Fiber Optic Sensors for Measuring Early-Age Strains in Concrete. Sensors. 2021; 21 (12):4171.

Chicago/Turabian Style

K.K. Silva; F.A.N. Silva; T. Mahfoud; A. Khelidj; A. Brientin; A.C. Azevedo; J.M.P.Q. Delgado; A.G. de Lima. 2021. "On the Use of Embedded Fiber Optic Sensors for Measuring Early-Age Strains in Concrete." Sensors 21, no. 12: 4171.

Review
Published: 18 February 2021 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
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Building Information Modelling (BIM) paved the way to better information management in the construction sector, simplifying and encouraging the advent of digital technologies and tools. The application of large-scale additive manufacturing (AM) is growing and therefore subject to intensive research – on account of its disruptive potential to revolutionise the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. With this systematic literature review, the authors aim to identify the major advances made so far on AM's applicability to the construction sector, with particular attention being given to the thermal efficiency of 3D printed buildings. The article begins by presenting the review methodology applied and offering an outline of the current situation in the construction industry, followed by a discussion on different AM processes. Applications in the construction industry are presented and the development of extrudable materials is addressed. The influence of the thermal insulation of the building's envelope on its energy consumption is explained and experimental applications presented. The state-of-the-art shows that 3D printing (3DP) is still in an early stage and the research remains focused on the printability and structural capacity. There is a noticeable gap on physical aspects such as thermal and acoustic behaviour, which are of major importance to the indoor environment quality. By discussing the difference in performance between commercial thermal insulation materials and the existing 3D printed materials, this research outlines new ways of improving the thermal performance of 3D printed structures, by using additives in the printed mix or by acting on the wall's structure.

ACS Style

S. Pessoa; A.S. Guimarães; S.S. Lucas; N. Simões. 3D printing in the construction industry - A systematic review of the thermal performance in buildings. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2021, 141, 110794 .

AMA Style

S. Pessoa, A.S. Guimarães, S.S. Lucas, N. Simões. 3D printing in the construction industry - A systematic review of the thermal performance in buildings. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021; 141 ():110794.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. Pessoa; A.S. Guimarães; S.S. Lucas; N. Simões. 2021. "3D printing in the construction industry - A systematic review of the thermal performance in buildings." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 141, no. : 110794.

Journal article
Published: 27 January 2021 in Buildings
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The work presents the results of an experimental campaign carried out on concrete elements in order to investigate the potential of using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to estimate the compressive strength based on relevant parameters, such as the water–cement ratio, aggregate–cement ratio, age of testing, and percentage cement/metakaolin ratios (5% and 10%). We prepared 162 cylindrical concrete specimens with dimensions of 10 cm in diameter and 20 cm in height and 27 prismatic specimens with cross sections measuring 25 and 50 cm in length, with 9 different concrete mixture proportions. A longitudinal transducer with a frequency of 54 kHz was used to measure the ultrasonic velocities. An ANN model was developed, different ANN configurations were tested and compared to identify the best ANN model. Using this model, it was possible to assess the contribution of each input variable to the compressive strength of the tested concretes. The results indicate an excellent performance of the ANN model developed to predict compressive strength from the input parameters studied, with an average error less than 5%. Together, the water–cement ratio and the percentage of metakaolin were shown to be the most influential factors for the compressive strength value predicted by the developed ANN model.

ACS Style

Fernando A. N. Silva; João M. P. Q. Delgado; Rosely S. Cavalcanti; António C. Azevedo; Ana S. Guimarães; Antonio G. B. Lima. Use of Nondestructive Testing of Ultrasound and Artificial Neural Networks to Estimate Compressive Strength of Concrete. Buildings 2021, 11, 44 .

AMA Style

Fernando A. N. Silva, João M. P. Q. Delgado, Rosely S. Cavalcanti, António C. Azevedo, Ana S. Guimarães, Antonio G. B. Lima. Use of Nondestructive Testing of Ultrasound and Artificial Neural Networks to Estimate Compressive Strength of Concrete. Buildings. 2021; 11 (2):44.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fernando A. N. Silva; João M. P. Q. Delgado; Rosely S. Cavalcanti; António C. Azevedo; Ana S. Guimarães; Antonio G. B. Lima. 2021. "Use of Nondestructive Testing of Ultrasound and Artificial Neural Networks to Estimate Compressive Strength of Concrete." Buildings 11, no. 2: 44.

Journal article
Published: 23 September 2020 in Sustainability
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Measuring moisture content in building materials is essential both for professional practice and for research. However, this is a very complex task, especially when long-term minor destructive measurements are desired. The time-domain reflectometry (TDR) technique is commonly used for soil moisture measurements, but its application in construction materials is considered a relatively new method, particularly for low-porosity building materials. The major obstacles to its current use in construction materials are (1) the difficulty of ensuring good contact between the TDR probe and the material, and (2) the lack of appropriate conversion functions between the measured relative permittivity and the moisture content of building materials. This paper intends to contribute to overcoming these difficulties by explaining in detail all the required steps to monitor moisture content in real-scale limestone walls. For that, a device is presented to guarantee the correct installation of the TDR probes on the walls, and a calibration procedure through the gravimetric method is proposed to avoid the use of an unsuitable calibration function developed for soil moisture measurements. In addition, the importance of the individual probe calibration is discussed, as well as TDR advantages and disadvantages for construction materials. The results obtained so far reveal that the TDR technique is suitable to detect moisture content variations in limestone, which is a low-porosity building material.

ACS Style

Teresa Freitas; Ana Guimarães; Staf Roels; Vasco Peixoto De Freitas; Andrea Cataldo. Is the Time-Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Technique Suitable for Moisture Content Measurement in Low-Porosity Building Materials? Sustainability 2020, 12, 7855 .

AMA Style

Teresa Freitas, Ana Guimarães, Staf Roels, Vasco Peixoto De Freitas, Andrea Cataldo. Is the Time-Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Technique Suitable for Moisture Content Measurement in Low-Porosity Building Materials? Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):7855.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Teresa Freitas; Ana Guimarães; Staf Roels; Vasco Peixoto De Freitas; Andrea Cataldo. 2020. "Is the Time-Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Technique Suitable for Moisture Content Measurement in Low-Porosity Building Materials?" Sustainability 12, no. 19: 7855.

Journal article
Published: 08 September 2020 in Designs
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This work presents an extensive numerical simulation to analyze the influence of the coating layers on the performance of construction systems, in order to make the constructions projects feasible, not only economically but also technically. Through numerical simulations based on a defined reference model, the present work studied the influence of different layers of floor, roof and internal and external wall systems, on the acoustic, thermal, and luminous performance of buildings in Brazil. The results showed the materials and elements with the greatest influence on: lighting performance are the internal finishes of the environment and the type of glass used in the external windows. On thermal performance, all elements of the roofing system and façades, especially an absence of external cladding and the use of thermal blankets on the roof, have greater influence. The acoustic performance of the façade function on the external windows and acoustic performance of the floor system are mainly influenced by the thickness of the structural element and the use of a ceiling and acoustic blanket; acoustic performance of internal walls is affected by typology of the structured element of the wall and thickness.

ACS Style

Pedro Gois; Ângelo Silva; João Delgado; Antonio Azevedo; Ana Guimarães; Ana Vaz Sá. Influence of the Coating System on the Acoustic, Thermal and Luminous Performance of Brazilian Buildings. Designs 2020, 4, 34 .

AMA Style

Pedro Gois, Ângelo Silva, João Delgado, Antonio Azevedo, Ana Guimarães, Ana Vaz Sá. Influence of the Coating System on the Acoustic, Thermal and Luminous Performance of Brazilian Buildings. Designs. 2020; 4 (3):34.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Gois; Ângelo Silva; João Delgado; Antonio Azevedo; Ana Guimarães; Ana Vaz Sá. 2020. "Influence of the Coating System on the Acoustic, Thermal and Luminous Performance of Brazilian Buildings." Designs 4, no. 3: 34.

Chapter
Published: 14 July 2020 in Case Studies of Building Pathology in Cultural Heritage
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Nearly 95% of the Brazilian production of natural gypsum comes from the state of Pernambuco, from the Araripe Gypsum Center. Of the 95%, that is to say, of the 1.3 million ton/year production, 61% is allotted to the making of blocks and plates, 35% for coverings, 3% for ceramic moulding, and 1% for other uses. The Gypsum Center generates nearly 12,000 jobs directly and approximately 60,000 jobs indirectly, and has an annual invoicing of US$300M per annum. In civil construction, the use of gypsum increases continually, because plaster paste is seen by builders as a low cost, quality alternative material to be applied as coatings to internal walls. The reduced cost results in higher productivity on the part of the craftsperson due to the speed of application as well as providing a good final finish. Paint can be applied without needing to apply putty. Bases commonly used for these types of finishes are ceramic and concrete substrates. These materials are known for their excellent mechanical strength and low thermal conductivity. The superior surface quality on both sides of these materials makes them suitable for any thickness of plaster paste. This study evaluates experimentally the adhesion strength of coatings made with gypsum paste, considering different substrates and application heights. There are four types of blocks (ceramic and concrete, non-structural and structural blocks), two types of slice cutting (superficial and penetrating to the substrate) and three application heights (up to 0.6 m, between 0.6 and 1.2 m and above 1.2 m). The results indicated the strong influence by the base and depth of cut on the adhesion, but there was no influence on adherence attributed to the height of application.

ACS Style

Antonio Azevedo; J. M. P. Q. Delgado; T. H. C. Neves; A. J. Costa E Silva. Adhesion of Gypsum Plaster Coatings: Experimental Evaluation. Case Studies of Building Pathology in Cultural Heritage 2020, 41 -66.

AMA Style

Antonio Azevedo, J. M. P. Q. Delgado, T. H. C. Neves, A. J. Costa E Silva. Adhesion of Gypsum Plaster Coatings: Experimental Evaluation. Case Studies of Building Pathology in Cultural Heritage. 2020; ():41-66.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Azevedo; J. M. P. Q. Delgado; T. H. C. Neves; A. J. Costa E Silva. 2020. "Adhesion of Gypsum Plaster Coatings: Experimental Evaluation." Case Studies of Building Pathology in Cultural Heritage , no. : 41-66.

Chapter
Published: 14 July 2020 in Case Studies of Building Pathology in Cultural Heritage
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The moisture transfer process in multilayered building components with an interface is very different than the moisture transfer considered when having different materials/layers separately. Quantifying moisture transfer in multi-layered systems through numerical simulations is essential to predict the real behaviour of those building materials in contact with moisture, which depends on the climatic conditions. Unfortunately, the contact phenomenon is neglected in numerical simulations which compromise the feasibility of the results. In this work, the moisture transfer in multi-layered building components is analysed in detail, for perfect contact and hydraulic contact interface. The “knee point” was detected, numerically, in water absorption curves and the moisture-dependent interface resistance was quantified and validated for transient conditions. The methodology proposed to detect the “knee point” can be also used in the future for different multilayer materials with an interface, in order to obtain more correct maximum hygric resistance values, to be used in future numerical simulations.

ACS Style

Antonio Azevedo; J. M. P. Q. Delgado; A. S. Guimarães; I. Ribeiro; R. Sousa. Knee Point Detection in Water Absorption Curves: Hygric Resistance in Multilayer Building Materials. Case Studies of Building Pathology in Cultural Heritage 2020, 17 -39.

AMA Style

Antonio Azevedo, J. M. P. Q. Delgado, A. S. Guimarães, I. Ribeiro, R. Sousa. Knee Point Detection in Water Absorption Curves: Hygric Resistance in Multilayer Building Materials. Case Studies of Building Pathology in Cultural Heritage. 2020; ():17-39.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Azevedo; J. M. P. Q. Delgado; A. S. Guimarães; I. Ribeiro; R. Sousa. 2020. "Knee Point Detection in Water Absorption Curves: Hygric Resistance in Multilayer Building Materials." Case Studies of Building Pathology in Cultural Heritage , no. : 17-39.

Journal article
Published: 23 June 2020 in Energies
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The development of thermal energy storage systems is a possible solution in the search for reductions in the difference between the global energy supply and demand. In this context, the ability of some materials, the so-called phase change materials (PCMs), to absorb and release large amounts of energy under specific periods and operating conditions has been verified. The applications of these materials are limited due to their low thermal conductivity, and thus, it is necessary to associate them with high-conductivity materials, such as metals, to make the control of energy absorption and release times possible. Bearing this in mind, this paper presents a numerical analysis of the melting process of a PCM into a triplex tube heat exchanger (TTHX) with finned copper tubes, which allowed for the heat transfer between a heating fluid (water) and the phase change material to power a liquid-desiccant air conditioning system. Through the analysis of the temperature fields, liquid fractions, and velocities, as well as the phase transition, it was possible to describe the material charging process; then, the results were compared with experimental data, which are available in the specialized literature, and presented mean errors of less than 10%. The total required time to completely melt the PCM was about 105.5 min with the water being injected into the TTHX at a flow rate of 8.3 L/min and a temperature of 90 °C. It was observed that the latent energy that accumulated during the melting process was 1330 kJ, while the accumulated sensitive energy was 835 kJ. The average heat flux at the internal surface of the inner tube was about 3 times higher than the average heat flux at the outer surface of the TTHX intermediate tube due to the velocity gradients that developed in the internal part of the heat exchanger, and was about 10 times more intense than those observed in the external region of the equipment.

ACS Style

Túlio Nascimento Porto; João M. P. Q. Delgado; Ana Sofia Guimarães; Hortência Luma Fernandes Magalhães; Gicelia Moreira; Balbina Brito Correia; Tony Freire De Andrade; Antonio Gilson Barbosa De Lima. Phase Change Material Melting Process in a Thermal Energy Storage System for Applications in Buildings. Energies 2020, 13, 3254 .

AMA Style

Túlio Nascimento Porto, João M. P. Q. Delgado, Ana Sofia Guimarães, Hortência Luma Fernandes Magalhães, Gicelia Moreira, Balbina Brito Correia, Tony Freire De Andrade, Antonio Gilson Barbosa De Lima. Phase Change Material Melting Process in a Thermal Energy Storage System for Applications in Buildings. Energies. 2020; 13 (12):3254.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Túlio Nascimento Porto; João M. P. Q. Delgado; Ana Sofia Guimarães; Hortência Luma Fernandes Magalhães; Gicelia Moreira; Balbina Brito Correia; Tony Freire De Andrade; Antonio Gilson Barbosa De Lima. 2020. "Phase Change Material Melting Process in a Thermal Energy Storage System for Applications in Buildings." Energies 13, no. 12: 3254.

Journal article
Published: 02 June 2020 in Energies
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The conformation of a ceramic piece follows the steps of preparing the raw material, molding, lamination, drying, and firing. Drying is a thermodynamic process of heat and mass transfer, with dimensional variations of the product that requires a large amount of energy. Ceramic materials when exposed to non-uniform drying may suffer cracks and deformations, reducing their post-drying quality. Thus, this work aimed to study the drying of industrial ceramic blocks in an oven with forced air circulation. Experiments were carried out to characterize the clay and drying of the ceramic block at temperatures ranging from 50 °C to 100 °C. Results of the chemical, mineralogical, granulometric, differential thermal, and thermogravimetric analysis of the clay, and heating kinetics, mass loss, and dimensional variation of the industrial ceramic block are presented and analyzed in detail. It was found that the clay is basically composed of silica and alumina (≈ 80.96%), with an average particle diameter of 13.36 μm. The study proved that drying at high temperature and low relative humidity of the air generates high rates of mass loss, heating, and volumetric shrinkage in the ceramic product, and high thermo-hydraulic stresses, which cause the appearance and propagation of cracks, gaps, and cleavages, compromising the final quality of the product.

ACS Style

A.M. Vasconcelos Da Silva; J.M.P.Q. Delgado; A.S. Guimarães; W.M.P. Barbosa De Lima; R. Soares Gomez; R. Pereira De Farias; E. Santana De Lima; A.G. Barbosa De Lima. Industrial Ceramic Blocks for Buildings: Clay Characterization and Drying Experimental Study. Energies 2020, 13, 2834 .

AMA Style

A.M. Vasconcelos Da Silva, J.M.P.Q. Delgado, A.S. Guimarães, W.M.P. Barbosa De Lima, R. Soares Gomez, R. Pereira De Farias, E. Santana De Lima, A.G. Barbosa De Lima. Industrial Ceramic Blocks for Buildings: Clay Characterization and Drying Experimental Study. Energies. 2020; 13 (11):2834.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A.M. Vasconcelos Da Silva; J.M.P.Q. Delgado; A.S. Guimarães; W.M.P. Barbosa De Lima; R. Soares Gomez; R. Pereira De Farias; E. Santana De Lima; A.G. Barbosa De Lima. 2020. "Industrial Ceramic Blocks for Buildings: Clay Characterization and Drying Experimental Study." Energies 13, no. 11: 2834.

Journal article
Published: 04 May 2020 in Journal of Building Engineering
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In order to analyse the behaviour of concrete exposed to chloride attack, 243 specimens of 5 cm in diameter and 10 cm in thickness were prepared to analyse the influence of water/cement ratio, mineral additions, type of cement, period of curing and level of exposure on the penetration of chloride ions. The aim of this paper is to get chloride depth penetration and chloride diffusion of concrete specimens under conditions of drying–wetting cycles. Based on the experimental results, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modelling was used to map the relationship between the variables analysed and the ion penetration depth. Results obtained showed that ANN modelling proved to be efficient to estimate the depth of chloride penetration and chloride diffusion coefficients in concrete, and the parameters that most influence the depth of chloride penetration were the type of cement, the type of addition and the cure time.

ACS Style

J.M.P.Q. Delgado; F.A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; D.F. Silva; R.L.B. Campello; R.L. Santos. Artificial neural networks to assess the useful life of reinforced concrete elements deteriorated by accelerated chloride tests. Journal of Building Engineering 2020, 31, 101445 .

AMA Style

J.M.P.Q. Delgado, F.A.N. Silva, Antonio Azevedo, D.F. Silva, R.L.B. Campello, R.L. Santos. Artificial neural networks to assess the useful life of reinforced concrete elements deteriorated by accelerated chloride tests. Journal of Building Engineering. 2020; 31 ():101445.

Chicago/Turabian Style

J.M.P.Q. Delgado; F.A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; D.F. Silva; R.L.B. Campello; R.L. Santos. 2020. "Artificial neural networks to assess the useful life of reinforced concrete elements deteriorated by accelerated chloride tests." Journal of Building Engineering 31, no. : 101445.

Chapter
Published: 03 May 2020 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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In Brazil, the accelerated increase in population during the last decades has contributed to the increase of the index of housing deficit. Taking into account the needs of the general population, employment opportunities have reached low levels in rural areas and are highest in urban centres.

ACS Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado; Fernando A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. Introduction. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2020, 1 -2.

AMA Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado, Fernando A.N. Silva, Antonio Azevedo, Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. Introduction. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2020; ():1-2.

Chicago/Turabian Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado; Fernando A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. 2020. "Introduction." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 1-2.

Chapter
Published: 03 May 2020 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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The materials used in the construction industry exhibit porous characteristics that allow the moisture fixation through mechanisms like capillarity, higroscopicity and condensation. The experiments reported in this paper are directly related to rising damp, one of the moisture propagation phenomena that cause further deterioration in buildings.

ACS Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado; Fernando A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. State-of the-Art. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2020, 3 -11.

AMA Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado, Fernando A.N. Silva, Antonio Azevedo, Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. State-of the-Art. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2020; ():3-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado; Fernando A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. 2020. "State-of the-Art." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 3-11.

Chapter
Published: 03 May 2020 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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The pathological manifestations observed in a significant part of the masonry walls, of ceramic blocks, in the buildings of Petrolina rely on the presence of soluble mineral salts. The most frequent occurrences are found in buildings located in the lower areas of the macro-drainage of Petrolina.

ACS Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado; Fernando A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. Materials and Methods. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2020, 13 -27.

AMA Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado, Fernando A.N. Silva, Antonio Azevedo, Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. Materials and Methods. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2020; ():13-27.

Chicago/Turabian Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado; Fernando A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. 2020. "Materials and Methods." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 13-27.

Chapter
Published: 03 May 2020 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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In this chapter the results of the tests carried out on soil, groundwater, bricks used in buildings and chlorides in the atmosphere are presented and analyzed. The results obtained are presented and, when applicable, a correlation between results was promoted in order to identify behavior trends. The dispersion of the measured values obtained is also presented. For a better understanding of the influence of the results in relation to the object studied, comparisons were made between the results obtained and references presented in literature.

ACS Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado; Fernando A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. Effect of Soluble Mineral Salts. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2020, 29 -52.

AMA Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado, Fernando A.N. Silva, Antonio Azevedo, Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. Effect of Soluble Mineral Salts. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2020; ():29-52.

Chicago/Turabian Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado; Fernando A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. 2020. "Effect of Soluble Mineral Salts." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 29-52.

Chapter
Published: 03 May 2020 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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The research proved that the presence of soluble mineral salts has great potential to degrade ceramic block in masonry building. The main objective of this work was to analyse the influence of soluble mineral salts on the ceramic brick masonry of buildings, as well as their origins, in the Petrolina municipality area, a region with clay sands and with a great number of open-air water runoff. Clay sands are a type of soil more prone to underground water runoff and, because of this feature, provide a more favourable environment for rising moisture that transports soluble mineral salts to the masonry walls accelerating their degradation process.

ACS Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado; Fernando A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. Conclusions. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2020, 53 -54.

AMA Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado, Fernando A.N. Silva, Antonio Azevedo, Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. Conclusions. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2020; ():53-54.

Chicago/Turabian Style

João M.P.Q. Delgado; Fernando A.N. Silva; Antonio Azevedo; Ariosvaldo Ribeiro. 2020. "Conclusions." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 53-54.

Journal article
Published: 02 May 2020 in Energies
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In passive solar buildings, energy can be stored using either sensible heat materials or latent heat materials. Phase change materials (PCM) can contribute to temperature control in passive solar buildings when melting occurs near to comfort temperature required for building’s interior spaces. The use of finite element method (FEM) as a numerical methodology for solving the thermal problem associated with heat transfer in current building materials and PCMs make sense, as it is a well-known technique, generalized and dominated, however, still little applied to the domain of building physics. In this work, a solar model was developed and applied in order to simulate numerically the effect of solar radiation incidence on each face of the test cells (with different solar exposures) without neglecting the main objective of the recommended numerical simulation: the study of the action of PCM. During the experimental campaign, two test cells with distinct inner layers were used to evaluate the effect of solar radiation: (i) REFM test cell (without PCM) with a reference mortar; (ii) PCMM test cell (with PCM) with a PCM mortar. The temperatures monitored inside the REFM and PCMM test cells were compared with the values resulting from the numerical simulation, using FEM with 3D discretization and the explicit modeling of the solar radiation, and the obtained results revealed a significant coherence of values.

ACS Style

Ana Vaz Sá; Miguel Azenha; A.S. Guimarães; J.M.P.Q. Delgado. FEM Applied to Building Physics: Modeling Solar Radiation and Heat Transfer of PCM Enhanced Test Cells. Energies 2020, 13, 2200 .

AMA Style

Ana Vaz Sá, Miguel Azenha, A.S. Guimarães, J.M.P.Q. Delgado. FEM Applied to Building Physics: Modeling Solar Radiation and Heat Transfer of PCM Enhanced Test Cells. Energies. 2020; 13 (9):2200.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Vaz Sá; Miguel Azenha; A.S. Guimarães; J.M.P.Q. Delgado. 2020. "FEM Applied to Building Physics: Modeling Solar Radiation and Heat Transfer of PCM Enhanced Test Cells." Energies 13, no. 9: 2200.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2020 in Defect and Diffusion Forum
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The knowledge of moisture transfer in multi-layered building materials and components using numerical simulations is fundamental to predict the behaviour of that building materials and components when in contact with moisture and to avoid some possible future pathology guarantying a correct performance.This paper describes a comparative analysis of experimental values of Hygric Permeance (HP) obtained by water absorption curves and gamma-ray attenuation profiles, for perfect contact interface.

ACS Style

A.S. Guimarães; I.M. Ribeiro; Antonio Azevedo; J.M.P.Q. Delgado. Water Absorption Curves versus Gamma-Ray Attenuation Profiles: A Comparative Analysis of Hygric Permeance Results. Defect and Diffusion Forum 2020, 400, 32 -37.

AMA Style

A.S. Guimarães, I.M. Ribeiro, Antonio Azevedo, J.M.P.Q. Delgado. Water Absorption Curves versus Gamma-Ray Attenuation Profiles: A Comparative Analysis of Hygric Permeance Results. Defect and Diffusion Forum. 2020; 400 ():32-37.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A.S. Guimarães; I.M. Ribeiro; Antonio Azevedo; J.M.P.Q. Delgado. 2020. "Water Absorption Curves versus Gamma-Ray Attenuation Profiles: A Comparative Analysis of Hygric Permeance Results." Defect and Diffusion Forum 400, no. : 32-37.