In the literature, the chemical composition of Rhododendron tomentosum is mainly represented by the study of isoprenoid compounds of essential oil. In contrast, the study of the content of flavonoids will contribute to the expansion of pharmacological action and the use of the medicinal plant for medical purposes. The paper deals with the technology of extracts from Rh. tomentosum shoots using ethanol of various concentrations and purified water as an extractant. Extracts from Rh. tomentosum were obtained by a modified method that combined the effects of ultrasound and temperature to maximize the extraction of biologically active substances from the raw material. Using the method of high-performance thin-layer chromatography in a system with solvents ethyl acetate/formic acid/water (15:1:1), the following substances have been separated and identified in all the extracts obtained: rutin, hyperoside, quercetin, and chlorogenic acid. The total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were estimated using spectrophotometric methods involving the Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) reagent and the complexation reaction with aluminum chloride, respectively. A correlation analysis was conducted between antioxidant activity and the polyphenolic substance content. Following the DPPH assay, regression analysis shows that phenolic compounds contribute to about 80% (r² = 0.8028, p < 0.05) of radical scavenging properties in the extract of Rh. tomentosum. The extract of Rh. tomentosum obtained by ethanol 30% inhibits the growth of test cultures of microorganisms in 1:1 and 1:2 dilutions of the clinical strains #211 Staphylococcus aureus and #222 Enterococcus spp. and the reference strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145.

Background: This review summarizes data on heterocyclic systems with thiadiazole and thiazole fragments in molecules as promising antimicrobial agents. Introduction: Thiadiazole and thiazole backbones are the most favored and well-known heterocycles, a common and essential feature of various drugs. These scaffolds occupy a central position and are the main structural components of numerous drugs with a wide spectrum of action. These include antimicrobial, antituberculous, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiepileptic, antiviral, and anticancer agents. Method: The research is based on bibliosemantic and analytical methods using bibliographic and abstract databases, as well as databases of chemical compounds. Result: This review reports on thiadiazole and thiazole derivatives, which have important pharmacological properties. We are reviewing the structural modifications of various thiadiazole and thiazole derivatives, more specifically, the antimicrobial activity reported over the last years, as we have taken this as our main research area. 80 compounds were illustrated, and various derivatives containing hydrazone bridged thiazole and pyrrole rings, 2-pyridine and 4-pyridine substituted thiazole derivatives, compounds containing di-, tri- and tetrathiazole moieties, spiro-substituted 4- thiazolidinone-imidazoline-pyridines were analyzed. Derivatives of 5-heteroarylidene-2,4- thiazolidinediones, fluoroquinolone-thiadiazole hybrids, and others. Conclusion: 1,3,4-thiadiazoles and thiazoles are valuable resource for researchers engaged in rational drug design and development in this area.

Vibrio metschnikovii is a widespread opportunistic pathogen that rarely causes disease in human. It caused graft infection in our case. It is important to differentiate it from another water‐transmitted pathogens.

Raoultella terrigena is a rarely found opportunistic pathogen that can cause healthcare‐associated infections with high mortality. It is important to differentiate it from Klebsiella species.