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Dr. Andoni Ramirez-Garcia
Fungal and Bacterial Biomics Research Group, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasit-ology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarri-ena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain

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0 Candida
0 Immunology
0 Aspergillus
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Lomentospora
Scedosporium
Aspergillus
fungi
Candida
Antigen
Immunology

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Review
Published: 28 June 2021 in Journal of Fungi
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Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous soil decomposer and an opportunistic pathogen that is characterized by its large metabolic machinery for acquiring nutrients from media. Lately, an ever-increasing number of genes involved in fungal nutrition has been associated with its virulence. Of these, nitrogen, iron, and zinc metabolism-related genes are particularly noteworthy, since 78% of them have a direct implication in virulence. In this review, we describe the sensing, uptake and regulation process of the acquisition of these nutrients, the connections between pathways and the virulence-implicated genes. Nevertheless, only 40% of the genes mentioned in this review have been assayed for roles in virulence, leaving a wide field of knowledge that remains uncertain and might offer new therapeutic and diagnostic targets.

ACS Style

Uxue Perez-Cuesta; Xabier Guruceaga; Saioa Cendon-Sanchez; Eduardo Pelegri-Martinez; Fernando Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Ana Abad-Diaz-De-Cerio; Aitor Rementeria. Nitrogen, Iron, and Zinc Acquisition: Key Nutrients to Aspergillus fumigatus Virulence. Journal of Fungi 2021, 7, 518 .

AMA Style

Uxue Perez-Cuesta, Xabier Guruceaga, Saioa Cendon-Sanchez, Eduardo Pelegri-Martinez, Fernando Hernando, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia, Ana Abad-Diaz-De-Cerio, Aitor Rementeria. Nitrogen, Iron, and Zinc Acquisition: Key Nutrients to Aspergillus fumigatus Virulence. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7 (7):518.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Uxue Perez-Cuesta; Xabier Guruceaga; Saioa Cendon-Sanchez; Eduardo Pelegri-Martinez; Fernando Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Ana Abad-Diaz-De-Cerio; Aitor Rementeria. 2021. "Nitrogen, Iron, and Zinc Acquisition: Key Nutrients to Aspergillus fumigatus Virulence." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 7: 518.

Review
Published: 22 January 2021 in Journal of Fungi
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Infections caused by the opportunistic pathogens Scedosporium/Lomentospora are on the rise. This causes problems in the clinic due to the difficulty in diagnosing and treating them. This review collates information published on immune response against these fungi, since an understanding of the mechanisms involved is of great interest in developing more effective strategies against them. Scedosporium/Lomentospora cell wall components, including peptidorhamnomannans (PRMs), α-glucans and glucosylceramides, are important immune response activators following their recognition by TLR2, TLR4 and Dectin-1 and through receptors that are yet unknown. After recognition, cytokine synthesis and antifungal activity of different phagocytes and epithelial cells is species-specific, highlighting the poor response by microglial cells against L. prolificans. Moreover, a great number of Scedosporium/Lomentospora antigens have been identified, most notably catalase, PRM and Hsp70 for their potential medical applicability. Against host immune response, these fungi contain evasion mechanisms, inducing host non-protective response, masking fungal molecular patterns, destructing host defense proteins and decreasing oxidative killing. In conclusion, although many advances have been made, many aspects remain to be elucidated and more research is necessary to shed light on the immune response to Scedosporium/Lomentospora.

ACS Style

Idoia Buldain; Leire Martin-Souto; Aitziber Antoran; Maialen Areitio; Leire Aparicio-Fernandez; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. The Host Immune Response to Scedosporium/Lomentospora. Journal of Fungi 2021, 7, 75 .

AMA Style

Idoia Buldain, Leire Martin-Souto, Aitziber Antoran, Maialen Areitio, Leire Aparicio-Fernandez, Aitor Rementeria, Fernando Hernando, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. The Host Immune Response to Scedosporium/Lomentospora. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7 (2):75.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Idoia Buldain; Leire Martin-Souto; Aitziber Antoran; Maialen Areitio; Leire Aparicio-Fernandez; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. 2021. "The Host Immune Response to Scedosporium/Lomentospora." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 2: 75.

Original research article
Published: 26 November 2020 in Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
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The detection and diagnosis of the opportunistic fungi Scedosporium spp. and Lomentospora prolificans still relies mainly on low-sensitive culture-based methods. This fact is especially worrying in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients in whom these fungal species are frequently isolated and may increase the risk of suffering from an infection or other health problems. Therefore, with the purpose of developing a serologic detection method for Scedosporium/Lomentospora, four different Scedosporium boydii protein extracts (whole cell protein extract, secretome, total cell surface and conidial surface associated proteins) were studied by ELISA to select the most useful for IgG detection in sera from CF patients. The four extracts were able to discriminate the Scedosporium/Lomentospora-infected from Aspergillus-infected and non-infected patients. However, the whole cell protein extract was the one selected, as it was the one with the highest output in terms of protein concentration per ml of fungal culture used, and its discriminatory capacity was the best. The ELISA test developed was then assayed with 212 sera from CF patients and it showed to be able to detect Scedosporium spp. and Lomentospora prolificans with very high sensitivity and specificity, 86%–100% and 93%–99%, respectively, depending on the cut-off value chosen (four values were proposed A450nm= 0.5837, A450nm= 0.6042, A450nm= 0.6404, and A450nm= 0.7099). Thus, although more research is needed to reach a standardized method, this ELISA platform offers a rapid, low-cost and easy solution to detect these elusive fungi through minimally invasive sampling, allowing the monitoring of the humoral response to fungal presence.

ACS Style

Leire Martin-Souto; Idoia Buldain; Maialen Areitio; Leire Aparicio-Fernandez; Aitziber Antoran; Jean-Philippe Bouchara; Maria Teresa Martin-Gomez; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando L. Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. ELISA Test for the Serological Detection of Scedosporium/Lomentospora in Cystic Fibrosis Patients. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 2020, 10, 1 .

AMA Style

Leire Martin-Souto, Idoia Buldain, Maialen Areitio, Leire Aparicio-Fernandez, Aitziber Antoran, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Maria Teresa Martin-Gomez, Aitor Rementeria, Fernando L. Hernando, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. ELISA Test for the Serological Detection of Scedosporium/Lomentospora in Cystic Fibrosis Patients. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 2020; 10 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leire Martin-Souto; Idoia Buldain; Maialen Areitio; Leire Aparicio-Fernandez; Aitziber Antoran; Jean-Philippe Bouchara; Maria Teresa Martin-Gomez; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando L. Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. 2020. "ELISA Test for the Serological Detection of Scedosporium/Lomentospora in Cystic Fibrosis Patients." Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 10, no. : 1.

Review
Published: 20 December 2019 in Toxins
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Fumagillin is a mycotoxin produced, above all, by the saprophytic filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. This mold is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause invasive aspergillosis, a disease that has high mortality rates linked to it. Its ability to adapt to environmental stresses through the production of secondary metabolites, including several mycotoxins (gliotoxin, fumagillin, pseurotin A, etc.) also seem to play an important role in causing these infections. Since the discovery of the A. fumigatus fumagillin in 1949, many studies have focused on this toxin and in this review we gather all the information currently available. First of all, the structural characteristics of this mycotoxin and the different methods developed for its determination are given in detail. Then, the biosynthetic gene cluster and the metabolic pathway involved in its production and regulation are explained. The activity of fumagillin on its target, the methionine aminopeptidase type 2 (MetAP2) enzyme, and the effects of blocking this enzyme in the host are also described. Finally, the applications that this toxin and its derivatives have in different fields, such as the treatment of cancer and its microsporicidal activity in the treatment of honeybee hive infections with Nosema spp., are reviewed. Therefore, this work offers a complete review of all the information currently related to the fumagillin mycotoxin secreted by A. fumigatus, important because of its role in the fungal infection process but also because it has many other applications, notably in beekeeping, the treatment of infectious diseases, and in oncology.

ACS Style

Xabier Guruceaga; Uxue Perez-Cuesta; Ana Abad-Diaz De Cerio; Oskar Gonzalez; Rosa M. Alonso; Fernando Luis Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Aitor Rementeria. Fumagillin, a Mycotoxin of Aspergillus fumigatus: Biosynthesis, Biological Activities, Detection, and Applications. Toxins 2019, 12, 7 .

AMA Style

Xabier Guruceaga, Uxue Perez-Cuesta, Ana Abad-Diaz De Cerio, Oskar Gonzalez, Rosa M. Alonso, Fernando Luis Hernando, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia, Aitor Rementeria. Fumagillin, a Mycotoxin of Aspergillus fumigatus: Biosynthesis, Biological Activities, Detection, and Applications. Toxins. 2019; 12 (1):7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xabier Guruceaga; Uxue Perez-Cuesta; Ana Abad-Diaz De Cerio; Oskar Gonzalez; Rosa M. Alonso; Fernando Luis Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Aitor Rementeria. 2019. "Fumagillin, a Mycotoxin of Aspergillus fumigatus: Biosynthesis, Biological Activities, Detection, and Applications." Toxins 12, no. 1: 7.

Journal article
Published: 10 December 2019 in Vaccines
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The high mortality rates of Lomentospora prolificans infections are due, above all, to the tendency of the fungus to infect weakened hosts, late diagnosis and a lack of effective therapeutic treatments. To identify proteins of significance for diagnosis, therapy or prophylaxis, immunoproteomics-based studies are especially important. Consequently, in this study murine disseminated infections were carried out using L. prolificans, Scedosporium aurantiacum, Scedosporium boydii and Aspergillus fumigatus, and their sera used to identify the most immunoreactive proteins of L. prolificans total extract and secreted proteins. The results showed that L. prolificans was the most virulent species and its infections were characterized by a high fungal load in several organs, including the brain. The proteomics study showed a high cross-reactivity between Scedosporium/Lomentospora species, but not with A. fumigatus. Among the antigens identified were, proteasomal ubiquitin receptor, carboxypeptidase, Vps28, HAD-like hydrolase, GH16, cerato-platanin and a protein of unknown function that showed no or low homology with humans. Finally, Hsp70 deserves a special mention as it was the main antigen recognized by Scedosporium/Lomentospora species in both secretome and total extract. In conclusion, this study identifies antigens of L. prolificans that can be considered as potential candidates for use in diagnosis and as therapeutic targets and the production of vaccines.

ACS Style

Idoia Buldain; Aize Pellon; Beñat Zaldibar; Aitziber Antoran; Leire Martin-Souto; Leire Aparicio-Fernandez; Maialen Areitio; Emilio Mayayo; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando L. Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. Study of Humoral Responses against Lomentospora/Scedosporium spp. and Aspergillus fumigatus to Identify L. prolificans Antigens of Interest for Diagnosis and Treatment. Vaccines 2019, 7, 212 .

AMA Style

Idoia Buldain, Aize Pellon, Beñat Zaldibar, Aitziber Antoran, Leire Martin-Souto, Leire Aparicio-Fernandez, Maialen Areitio, Emilio Mayayo, Aitor Rementeria, Fernando L. Hernando, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. Study of Humoral Responses against Lomentospora/Scedosporium spp. and Aspergillus fumigatus to Identify L. prolificans Antigens of Interest for Diagnosis and Treatment. Vaccines. 2019; 7 (4):212.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Idoia Buldain; Aize Pellon; Beñat Zaldibar; Aitziber Antoran; Leire Martin-Souto; Leire Aparicio-Fernandez; Maialen Areitio; Emilio Mayayo; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando L. Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. 2019. "Study of Humoral Responses against Lomentospora/Scedosporium spp. and Aspergillus fumigatus to Identify L. prolificans Antigens of Interest for Diagnosis and Treatment." Vaccines 7, no. 4: 212.

Journal article
Published: 15 June 2019 in Journal of Functional Foods
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Diet is one of the main factors affecting host’s health. The aim of this work was to study the interaction among nutrition, microbiota and host, using zebrafish adults as animal model. Thus, the effects of a high-saturated-fat diet, and its supplementation with a commercial fish-oil on fish lipid profile, intestinal microbiota and blood glucose were evaluated. The dietary saturated fat changed the fish lipid profile, microbial community composition, and its metabolism. Saturated fatty acids levels were higher in fish fed the high-saturated-fat diet, which correlated with an increased in Pseudomonas. Otherwise, the commercial fish-oil intake ameliorated the effect of the fat on the lipid profile, lowering saturated fatty acid levels while increasing polyunsaturated fatty acids. It also contributed to limit the growth of Pseudomonas on intestinal microbial community. Furthermore, blood glucose diminished in animals fed fish-oil supplemented diet. This suggests that fish-oil may mitigate the effect of the high-saturated-fat-diet.

ACS Style

Nerea Arias-Jayo; Leticia Abecia; José Luis Lavín; Itziar Tueros; Sara Arranz; Andoni Ramírez-García; Miguel Angel Pardo. Host-microbiome interactions in response to a high-saturated fat diet and fish-oil supplementation in zebrafish adult. Journal of Functional Foods 2019, 60, 103416 .

AMA Style

Nerea Arias-Jayo, Leticia Abecia, José Luis Lavín, Itziar Tueros, Sara Arranz, Andoni Ramírez-García, Miguel Angel Pardo. Host-microbiome interactions in response to a high-saturated fat diet and fish-oil supplementation in zebrafish adult. Journal of Functional Foods. 2019; 60 ():103416.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nerea Arias-Jayo; Leticia Abecia; José Luis Lavín; Itziar Tueros; Sara Arranz; Andoni Ramírez-García; Miguel Angel Pardo. 2019. "Host-microbiome interactions in response to a high-saturated fat diet and fish-oil supplementation in zebrafish adult." Journal of Functional Foods 60, no. : 103416.

Journal article
Published: 25 November 2018 in EKAIA Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Zientzia eta Teknologia Aldizkaria
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Ikerketa askok mikroorganismoen eta minbizien arteko erlazioak aztertu dituzte, eta erakutsi dute mikroorganismo batzuek minbiziaren agerpena saihesten dutela eta beste batzuek, aldiz, minbizia eragin dezaketela. Hain zuzen ere, gero eta artikulu zientifiko gehiago argitaratzen ari dira mikroorganismoak minbiziaren sortzearekin, ezarpenarekin eta sakabanaketarekin erlazionatuz. Izan ere, mikroorganismoek minbizi guztien % 17,8 eragiten dutela estimatu da. Minbizia sortzeko birusen gaitasuna da gehien ikertu dena eta, ondorioz, minbizia sor dezaketen mekanismo desberdin asko deskribatu dira. Minbizia Ikertzeko Nazioarteko Agentziak zortzi birus 1. mailako «gizakiontzat kartzinogeno»-tzat sailkatu ditu; haien artean, giza papiloma birusa, bi herpesbirus eta bi hepatitisaren birus aurkitzen dira. Bakterioei dagokienez, minbizi-eragileen artean, Helicobacter pylori da gehien ikertu dena urdaileko minbiziarekin erlazionatuta. Baina honetaz gain, beste hainbat bakterio, hala nola Salmonella typhi, Chlamydia pneumoniae eta Streptococcus bovis minbiziarekin zuzenki erlazionatu dira. Onddoek daukaten minbiziarekiko erlazioa oso gutxi ikertu den arren, mikroorganismo hauek sortutako toxina batzuek minbizia eragin dezaketela frogatu da. Horrez gain, Candida albicans onddoak minbiziaren sorrera eta hedapena eragin dezakeen hainbat mekanismo deskribatu dira. Orain arte egindako ikerketek mikroorganismoek minbiziaren garapenean eta sustapenean daukaten eragina agerrarazi dute. Hori dela eta, etorkizunean minbiziari aurre egiteko, minbiziaren eta mikroorganismoen arteko erlazioan sakontzea ezinbestekoa da.

ACS Style

Aitana Arbizu; Aitziber Antoran; Idoia Buldain; Aize Pellon; Xabier Guruceaga; Leire Martin-Souto; Leire Aparicio; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando Luis Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. Mikroorganismoek minbizia eragin dezakete? EKAIA Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Zientzia eta Teknologia Aldizkaria 2018, 9 -28.

AMA Style

Aitana Arbizu, Aitziber Antoran, Idoia Buldain, Aize Pellon, Xabier Guruceaga, Leire Martin-Souto, Leire Aparicio, Aitor Rementeria, Fernando Luis Hernando, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. Mikroorganismoek minbizia eragin dezakete? EKAIA Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Zientzia eta Teknologia Aldizkaria. 2018; (34):9-28.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aitana Arbizu; Aitziber Antoran; Idoia Buldain; Aize Pellon; Xabier Guruceaga; Leire Martin-Souto; Leire Aparicio; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando Luis Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. 2018. "Mikroorganismoek minbizia eragin dezakete?" EKAIA Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Zientzia eta Teknologia Aldizkaria , no. 34: 9-28.

Research paper
Published: 05 October 2018 in Virulence
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Virulence mechanisms of the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus are multifactorial and depend on the immune state of the host, but little is known about the fungal mechanism that develops during the process of lung invasion. In this study, microarray technology was combined with a histopathology evaluation of infected lungs so that the invasion strategy followed by the fungus could be described. To achieve this, an intranasal mice infection was performed to extract daily fungal samples from the infected lungs over four days post-infection. The pathological study revealed a heavy fungal progression throughout the lung, reaching the blood vessels on the third day after exposure and causing tissue necrosis. One percent of the fungal genome followed a differential expression pattern during this process. Strikingly, most of the genes of the intertwined fumagillin/pseurotin biosynthetic gene cluster were upregulated as were genes encoding lytic enzymes such as lipases, proteases (DppIV, DppV, Asp f 1 or Asp f 5) and chitinase (chiB1) as well as three genes related with pyomelanin biosynthesis process. Furthermore, we demonstrate that fumagillin is produced in an in vitro pneumocyte cell line infection model and that loss of fumagillin synthesis reduces epithelial cell damage. These results suggest that fumagillin contributes to tissue damage during invasive aspergillosis. Therefore, it is probable that A. fumigatus progresses through the lungs via the production of the mycotoxin fumagillin combined with the secretion of lytic enzymes that allow fungal growth, angioinvasion and the disruption of the lung parenchymal structure.

ACS Style

Xabier Guruceaga; Guillermo Ezpeleta; Emilio Mayayo; Monica Sueiro-Olivares; Ana Abad-Diaz-De-Cerio; José Manuel Aguirre Urízar; Hong G. Liu; Philipp Wiemann; Jin Woo Bok; Scott G. Filler; Nancy P. Keller; Fernando L. Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Aitor Rementeria. A possible role for fumagillin in cellular damage during host infection by Aspergillus fumigatus. Virulence 2018, 9, 1548 -1561.

AMA Style

Xabier Guruceaga, Guillermo Ezpeleta, Emilio Mayayo, Monica Sueiro-Olivares, Ana Abad-Diaz-De-Cerio, José Manuel Aguirre Urízar, Hong G. Liu, Philipp Wiemann, Jin Woo Bok, Scott G. Filler, Nancy P. Keller, Fernando L. Hernando, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia, Aitor Rementeria. A possible role for fumagillin in cellular damage during host infection by Aspergillus fumigatus. Virulence. 2018; 9 (1):1548-1561.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xabier Guruceaga; Guillermo Ezpeleta; Emilio Mayayo; Monica Sueiro-Olivares; Ana Abad-Diaz-De-Cerio; José Manuel Aguirre Urízar; Hong G. Liu; Philipp Wiemann; Jin Woo Bok; Scott G. Filler; Nancy P. Keller; Fernando L. Hernando; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Aitor Rementeria. 2018. "A possible role for fumagillin in cellular damage during host infection by Aspergillus fumigatus." Virulence 9, no. 1: 1548-1561.

Preprint content
Published: 26 June 2018
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ACS Style

X Guruceaga; Ana Abad; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Aitor Rementeria. 8 / Aspergillus fumigatus fumagillin as possible virulence factor. 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

X Guruceaga, Ana Abad, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia, Aitor Rementeria. 8 / Aspergillus fumigatus fumagillin as possible virulence factor. . 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

X Guruceaga; Ana Abad; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Aitor Rementeria. 2018. "8 / Aspergillus fumigatus fumagillin as possible virulence factor." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 26 June 2018
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ACS Style

Aitziber Antoran; Leire Aparicio; I. Buldain; Leire Martin-Souto; Aize Pellon; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. 6 / Ca37 monoclonal antibody inhibits Candida albicans growth in vitro and in vivo. 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Aitziber Antoran, Leire Aparicio, I. Buldain, Leire Martin-Souto, Aize Pellon, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. 6 / Ca37 monoclonal antibody inhibits Candida albicans growth in vitro and in vivo. . 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aitziber Antoran; Leire Aparicio; I. Buldain; Leire Martin-Souto; Aize Pellon; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. 2018. "6 / Ca37 monoclonal antibody inhibits Candida albicans growth in vitro and in vivo." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 31 May 2018
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ACS Style

I. Buldain; Leire Martin-Souto; Aize Pellon; Aitziber Antoran; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. Comparative study of the pathogenicity and humoral response of Lomentospora, Scedosporium and Aspergillus infections in a murine model. 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

I. Buldain, Leire Martin-Souto, Aize Pellon, Aitziber Antoran, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. Comparative study of the pathogenicity and humoral response of Lomentospora, Scedosporium and Aspergillus infections in a murine model. . 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

I. Buldain; Leire Martin-Souto; Aize Pellon; Aitziber Antoran; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. 2018. "Comparative study of the pathogenicity and humoral response of Lomentospora, Scedosporium and Aspergillus infections in a murine model." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 31 May 2018
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ACS Style

Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. Triosephosphate isomerase of Mucorcircinelloides is recognized as a main antigen by sera from infected immunosuppressed mice. 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. Triosephosphate isomerase of Mucorcircinelloides is recognized as a main antigen by sera from infected immunosuppressed mice. . 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. 2018. "Triosephosphate isomerase of Mucorcircinelloides is recognized as a main antigen by sera from infected immunosuppressed mice." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 31 May 2018
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ACS Style

Leire Martin-Souto; Aize Pellon; Aitziber Antoran; Y. Le Govic; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. Characterization of Scedosporium boydii antigens recognized by serum IgGs from cystic fibrosis patients. 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Leire Martin-Souto, Aize Pellon, Aitziber Antoran, Y. Le Govic, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. Characterization of Scedosporium boydii antigens recognized by serum IgGs from cystic fibrosis patients. . 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leire Martin-Souto; Aize Pellon; Aitziber Antoran; Y. Le Govic; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia. 2018. "Characterization of Scedosporium boydii antigens recognized by serum IgGs from cystic fibrosis patients." , no. : 1.

Host microbe interactions
Published: 07 May 2018 in Microbial Ecology
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Energy-dense foods and overnutrition represent major starting points altering lipid metabolism, systemic inflammation and gut microbiota. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) over a period of 25 days on intestinal microbiota and inflammation in zebrafish. Microbial composition of HFD-fed animals was analysed and compared to controls by 16S rRNA sequencing and quantitative PCR. The expression level on several genes related to inflammation was tested. Furthermore, microscopic assessment of the intestine was performed in both conditions. The consumption of the HFD resulted in microbial dysbiosis, characterised by an increase in the relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes. Moreover, an emerging intestinal inflammation via NF-κβ activation was confirmed by the overexpression of several genes related to signalling receptors, antimicrobial metabolism and the inflammatory cascade. The intestinal barrier was also damaged, with an increase of goblet cell mucin production. This is the first study performed in zebrafish which suggests that the consumption of a diet enriched with 10% fat changes the intestinal microbial community composition, which was correlated with low-grade inflammation.

ACS Style

Nerea Arias-Jayo; Leticia Abecia; Laura Alonso-Sáez; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Alfonso Rodriguez; Miguel A. Pardo. High-Fat Diet Consumption Induces Microbiota Dysbiosis and Intestinal Inflammation in Zebrafish. Microbial Ecology 2018, 76, 1089 -1101.

AMA Style

Nerea Arias-Jayo, Leticia Abecia, Laura Alonso-Sáez, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia, Alfonso Rodriguez, Miguel A. Pardo. High-Fat Diet Consumption Induces Microbiota Dysbiosis and Intestinal Inflammation in Zebrafish. Microbial Ecology. 2018; 76 (4):1089-1101.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nerea Arias-Jayo; Leticia Abecia; Laura Alonso-Sáez; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Alfonso Rodriguez; Miguel A. Pardo. 2018. "High-Fat Diet Consumption Induces Microbiota Dysbiosis and Intestinal Inflammation in Zebrafish." Microbial Ecology 76, no. 4: 1089-1101.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Zebrafish
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The human intestine hosts a vast and complex microbial community that is vital for maintaining several functions related with host health. The processes that determine the gut microbiome composition are poorly understood, being the interaction between species, the external environment, and the relationship with the host the most feasible. Animal models offer the opportunity to understand the interactions between the host and the microbiota. There are different gnotobiotic mice or rat models colonized with the human microbiota, however, to our knowledge, there are no reports on the colonization of germ-free zebrafish with a complex human intestinal microbiota. In the present study, we have successfully colonized 5 days postfertilization germ-free zebrafish larvae with the human intestinal microbiota previously extracted from a donor and analyzed by high-throughput sequencing the composition of the transferred microbial communities that established inside the zebrafish gut. Thus, we describe for first time which human bacteria phylotypes are able to colonize the zebrafish digestive tract. Species with relevant interest because of their linkage to dysbiosis in different human diseases, such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Prevotella spp., or Roseburia spp. have been successfully transferred inside the zebrafish digestive tract.

ACS Style

Nerea Arias-Jayo; Laura Alonso-Saez; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Miguel A. Pardo. Zebrafish Axenic Larvae Colonization with Human Intestinal Microbiota. Zebrafish 2018, 15, 96 -106.

AMA Style

Nerea Arias-Jayo, Laura Alonso-Saez, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia, Miguel A. Pardo. Zebrafish Axenic Larvae Colonization with Human Intestinal Microbiota. Zebrafish. 2018; 15 (2):96-106.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nerea Arias-Jayo; Laura Alonso-Saez; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Miguel A. Pardo. 2018. "Zebrafish Axenic Larvae Colonization with Human Intestinal Microbiota." Zebrafish 15, no. 2: 96-106.

Research article
Published: 26 March 2018 in Cellular Microbiology
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Lomentospora (Scedosporium) prolificans is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing invasive infections in immunocompromised patients. The fungus is able to disseminate via the bloodstream finally arriving at the central nervous system (CNS) producing neurological symptoms and in many cases, patient death. In this context, microglial cells, which are the resident immune cells in the CNS, may play an important role in these infections. However, this aspect of anti‐L. prolificans immunity has been poorly researched to date. Thus, the interactions and activity of microglial cells against L. prolificans were analyzed, and the results show that there was a remarkable impairment in their performance regarding phagocytosis, the development of oxidative burst, and in the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, compared to macrophages. Interestingly, L. prolificans displays great growth also when challenged with immune cells, even when inside them. We also proved that microglial phagocytosis of the fungus is highly dependent on mannose receptor and especially, on dectin‐1. Taken together these data provide evidence for an impaired microglial response against L. prolificans and contribute to understanding the pathobiology of its neurotropism.

ACS Style

Aize Pellón; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Xabier Guruceaga; Alazne Zabala; Idoia Buldain; Aitziber Antoran; Juan Anguita; Aitor Rementería; Carlos Matute; Fernando L. Hernando. Microglial immune response is impaired against the neurotropic fungus Lomentospora prolificans. Cellular Microbiology 2018, 20, e12847 .

AMA Style

Aize Pellón, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia, Xabier Guruceaga, Alazne Zabala, Idoia Buldain, Aitziber Antoran, Juan Anguita, Aitor Rementería, Carlos Matute, Fernando L. Hernando. Microglial immune response is impaired against the neurotropic fungus Lomentospora prolificans. Cellular Microbiology. 2018; 20 (8):e12847.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aize Pellón; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Xabier Guruceaga; Alazne Zabala; Idoia Buldain; Aitziber Antoran; Juan Anguita; Aitor Rementería; Carlos Matute; Fernando L. Hernando. 2018. "Microglial immune response is impaired against the neurotropic fungus Lomentospora prolificans." Cellular Microbiology 20, no. 8: e12847.

Review
Published: 10 March 2018 in Medical Mycology
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Species of Scedosporium and Lomentospora are considered as emerging opportunists, affecting immunosuppressed and otherwise debilitated patients, although classically they are known from causing trauma-associated infections in healthy individuals. Clinical manifestations range from local infection to pulmonary colonization and severe invasive disease, in which mortality rates may be over 80%. These unacceptably high rates are due to the clinical status of patients, diagnostic difficulties, and to intrinsic antifungal resistance of these fungi. In consequence, several consortia have been founded to increase research efforts on these orphan fungi. The current review presents recent findings and summarizes the most relevant points, including the Scedosporium/Lomentospora taxonomy, environmental distribution, epidemiology, pathology, virulence factors, immunology, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic strategies.

ACS Style

Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Aize Pellon; Aitor Rementeria; Idoia Buldain; Eliana Barreto-Bergter; Rodrigo Rollin-Pinheiro; Jardel Vieira De Meirelles; Mariana Ingrid D S Xisto; Stephane Ranque; Vladimir Havlicek; Patrick Vandeputte; Yohann Le Govic; Jean-Philippe Bouchara; Sandrine Giraud; Sharon Chen; Johannes Rainer; Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo; M. Teresa Martin Gomez; Leyre López-Soria; Javier Pemán; Carsten Schwarz; Anne Bernhardt; Kathrin Tintelnot; Javier Capilla; Adela Martin-Vicente; Jose Cano-Lira; Markus Nagl; Michaela Lackner; Laszlo Irinyi; Wieland Meyer; Sybren De Hoog; Fernando L Hernando. Scedosporium and Lomentospora: an updated overview of underrated opportunists. Medical Mycology 2018, 56, S102 -S125.

AMA Style

Andoni Ramirez-Garcia, Aize Pellon, Aitor Rementeria, Idoia Buldain, Eliana Barreto-Bergter, Rodrigo Rollin-Pinheiro, Jardel Vieira De Meirelles, Mariana Ingrid D S Xisto, Stephane Ranque, Vladimir Havlicek, Patrick Vandeputte, Yohann Le Govic, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Sandrine Giraud, Sharon Chen, Johannes Rainer, Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo, M. Teresa Martin Gomez, Leyre López-Soria, Javier Pemán, Carsten Schwarz, Anne Bernhardt, Kathrin Tintelnot, Javier Capilla, Adela Martin-Vicente, Jose Cano-Lira, Markus Nagl, Michaela Lackner, Laszlo Irinyi, Wieland Meyer, Sybren De Hoog, Fernando L Hernando. Scedosporium and Lomentospora: an updated overview of underrated opportunists. Medical Mycology. 2018; 56 (suppl_1):S102-S125.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Aize Pellon; Aitor Rementeria; Idoia Buldain; Eliana Barreto-Bergter; Rodrigo Rollin-Pinheiro; Jardel Vieira De Meirelles; Mariana Ingrid D S Xisto; Stephane Ranque; Vladimir Havlicek; Patrick Vandeputte; Yohann Le Govic; Jean-Philippe Bouchara; Sandrine Giraud; Sharon Chen; Johannes Rainer; Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo; M. Teresa Martin Gomez; Leyre López-Soria; Javier Pemán; Carsten Schwarz; Anne Bernhardt; Kathrin Tintelnot; Javier Capilla; Adela Martin-Vicente; Jose Cano-Lira; Markus Nagl; Michaela Lackner; Laszlo Irinyi; Wieland Meyer; Sybren De Hoog; Fernando L Hernando. 2018. "Scedosporium and Lomentospora: an updated overview of underrated opportunists." Medical Mycology 56, no. suppl_1: S102-S125.

Journal article
Published: 29 June 2017 in International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
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The number of fungal isolates resistant to antifungal drugs has increased dramatically over the last few years and has become an important concern for clinicians. Among these isolates, fungi showing multidrug resistance are particularly worrying because of the difficulties associated with their treatment. These factors hamper the successful recovery of patients and drastically raise mortality rates. Antifungal resistance is multifactorial and several mechanisms in different fungi have been described. There is a need to study these mechanisms in depth; however, the study of antifungal drug resistance separately for each individual species makes progress in the field very slow and tedious. The selection of a multiresistant microorganism as a model for understanding resistance mechanisms and extrapolating the results to other species could help in the search for a solution. In this mini-review, we describe the pathobiology of Lomentospora (Scedosporium) prolificans, paying special attention to its intrinsic resistance to all currently available antifungal agents. The characteristics of L. prolificans offer several advantages: the possibility of using a single microorganism for the study of resistance to different drugs, even cases of double and triple resistance; it is biologically safe for society in general as no new genetically–modified strains are needed for the experiments; it is homologous with other fungal species, and there is repetitiveness between different strains. In conclusion, we propose L. prolificans as a candidate for consideration as a fungal model for the study of resistance mechanisms against antifungal agents.

ACS Style

Aize Pellon; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Idoia Buldain; Aitziber Antoran; Leire Martin Souto; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando L. Hernando. Pathobiology of Lomentospora prolificans : could this species serve as a model of primary antifungal resistance? International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 2017, 51, 10 -15.

AMA Style

Aize Pellon, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia, Idoia Buldain, Aitziber Antoran, Leire Martin Souto, Aitor Rementeria, Fernando L. Hernando. Pathobiology of Lomentospora prolificans : could this species serve as a model of primary antifungal resistance? International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 2017; 51 (1):10-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aize Pellon; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Idoia Buldain; Aitziber Antoran; Leire Martin Souto; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando L. Hernando. 2017. "Pathobiology of Lomentospora prolificans : could this species serve as a model of primary antifungal resistance?" International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 51, no. 1: 10-15.

Review
Published: 08 May 2017 in Mycopathologia
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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that increases the risk of suffering microbial, including fungal, infections. In this paper, proteomics-based information was collated relating to secreted and cell wall proteins with potential medical applications from the most common filamentous fungi in CF, i.e., Aspergillus and Scedosporium/Lomentospora species. Among the Aspergillus fumigatus secreted allergens, β-1,3-endoglucanase, the alkaline protease 1 (Alp1/oryzin), Asp f 2, Asp f 13/15, chitinase, chitosanase, dipeptidyl-peptidase V (DppV), the metalloprotease Asp f 5, mitogillin/Asp f 1, and thioredoxin reductase receive a special mention. In addition, the antigens β-glucosidase 1, catalase, glucan endo-1,3-β-glucosidase EglC, β-1,3-glucanosyltransferases Gel1 and Gel2, and glutaminase A were also identified in secretomes of other Aspergillus species associated with CF: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus nidulans, and Aspergillus terreus. Regarding cell wall proteins, cytochrome P450 and eEF-3 were proposed as diagnostic targets, and alkaline protease 2 (Alp2), Asp f 3 (putative peroxiredoxin pmp20), probable glycosidases Asp f 9/Crf1 and Crf2, GPI-anchored protein Ecm33, β-1,3-glucanosyltransferase Gel4, conidial hydrophobin Hyp1/RodA, and secreted aspartyl protease Pep2 as protective vaccines in A. fumigatus. On the other hand, for Scedosporium/Lomentospora species, the heat shock protein Hsp70 stands out as a relevant secreted and cell wall antigen. Additionally, the secreted aspartyl proteinase and an ortholog of Asp f 13, as well as the cell wall endo-1,3-β-D-glucosidase and 1,3-β-glucanosyl transferase, were also found to be significant proteins. In conclusion, proteins mentioned in this review may be promising candidates for developing innovative diagnostic and therapeutic tools for fungal infections in CF patients.

ACS Style

Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Aize Pellon; Idoia Buldain; Aitziber Antoran; Aitana Arbizu-Delgado; Xabier Guruceaga; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando L. Hernando. Proteomics as a Tool to Identify New Targets Against Aspergillus and Scedosporium in the Context of Cystic Fibrosis. Mycopathologia 2017, 183, 273 -289.

AMA Style

Andoni Ramirez-Garcia, Aize Pellon, Idoia Buldain, Aitziber Antoran, Aitana Arbizu-Delgado, Xabier Guruceaga, Aitor Rementeria, Fernando L. Hernando. Proteomics as a Tool to Identify New Targets Against Aspergillus and Scedosporium in the Context of Cystic Fibrosis. Mycopathologia. 2017; 183 (1):273-289.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Aize Pellon; Idoia Buldain; Aitziber Antoran; Aitana Arbizu-Delgado; Xabier Guruceaga; Aitor Rementeria; Fernando L. Hernando. 2017. "Proteomics as a Tool to Identify New Targets Against Aspergillus and Scedosporium in the Context of Cystic Fibrosis." Mycopathologia 183, no. 1: 273-289.

Research article
Published: 31 March 2017 in PLOS ONE
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The filamentous fungus Lomentospora (Scedosporium) prolificans is an emerging opportunistic pathogen associated with fatal infections in patients with disturbed immune function. Unfortunately, conventional therapies are hardly of any use against this fungus due to its intrinsic resistance. Therefore, we performed an integrated study of the L. prolificans responses to the first option to treat these mycoses, namely voriconazole, with the aim of unveiling mechanisms involved in the resistance to this compound. To do that, we used a wide range of techniques, including fluorescence and electron microscopy to study morphological alterations, ion chromatography to measure changes in cell-wall carbohydrate composition, and proteomics-based techniques to identify the proteins differentially expressed under the presence of the drug. Significantly, we showed drastic changes occurring in cell shape after voriconazole exposure, L. prolificans hyphae being shorter and wider than under control conditions. Interestingly, we proved that the architecture and carbohydrate composition of the cell wall had been modified in the presence of the drug. Specifically, L. prolificans constructed a more complex organelle with a higher presence of glucans and mannans. In addition to this, we identified several differentially expressed proteins, including Srp1 and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), as the most overexpressed under voriconazole-induced stress conditions. The mechanisms described in this study, which may be directly related to L. prolificans antifungal resistance or tolerance, could be used as targets to improve existing therapies or to develop new ones in order to successfully eliminate these mycoses.

ACS Style

Aize Pellon; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Idoia Buldain; Aitziber Antoran; Aitor Rementería; Fernando L. Hernando. Molecular and cellular responses of the pathogenic fungus Lomentospora prolificans to the antifungal drug voriconazole. PLOS ONE 2017, 12, e0174885 .

AMA Style

Aize Pellon, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia, Idoia Buldain, Aitziber Antoran, Aitor Rementería, Fernando L. Hernando. Molecular and cellular responses of the pathogenic fungus Lomentospora prolificans to the antifungal drug voriconazole. PLOS ONE. 2017; 12 (3):e0174885.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aize Pellon; Andoni Ramirez-Garcia; Idoia Buldain; Aitziber Antoran; Aitor Rementería; Fernando L. Hernando. 2017. "Molecular and cellular responses of the pathogenic fungus Lomentospora prolificans to the antifungal drug voriconazole." PLOS ONE 12, no. 3: e0174885.