The application of mass customization in the food industry requires an appropriate system design to meet the customers’ needs and wants. One of the systems is the modularization concept for product design. The application of the modularization concept will impact manufacturing systems. Modular design involves the creation of independent modules to build various products. This paper used product design based on the pleasurable design that considers aspects of functionality, usability, and pleasure for ice cream products. This study aimed to analyze the process design and production costs to realize the product variations and determine product value. Product value analysis is used to assess product variations that provide immense benefits to customers but with minimal costs. Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing (TDABC) method is applied to the ice cream industry. Product variations provided were 25 product variants by combining three types of modules, namely ice cream paste, packaging, and appearance. In this study, the selected product variants based on the product value determined based on the inherent benefits and the production costs of each product variant. Products that get the highest value are products that provide significant benefits to consumers but require a relatively low cost.

Customers’ needs and wants with regard to dairy products are increasingly diverse, and companies must be able to produce a variety of products. This study aimed to obtain alternative product configurations in accordance with customer requirements and to determine the types of modules required to realize the product by synergizing conjoint analysis and the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method. The product configuration was based on pleasurable design consisting of three aspects, namely functionality, usability, and pleasure. Pleasurable design was chosen because it involves the human in the product design as a product user so that the product design is in accordance with customer expectations. The research used the survey method with consumers of ice cream. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the product attributes desired by consumers. Orthogonal design was used to construct alternative product configurations, while the product configuration rank was determined using conjoint analysis. Based on the results of the research, the selected attributes for the functionality aspects were taste and texture, the selected attributes for the usability aspects were shape and packaging materials, and the selected attributes for the pleasure aspects were health benefits and appearance. The orthogonal design results led to 25 alternative product configurations, followed by determination of the ranking of alternative product configurations. Then the DEMATEL method was applied to analyse the relationship between the product configuration attributes to determine the types of modules that must be provided.

Segmentation has been frequently used to study individual consumer behavior against its preference. Consumer preferences indicate consumer requirements for a product. This study aims to analyze consumer preferences based on gender segmentation (male and female) and age segmentation (adolescents, adults, and elderl y). Consumer preferences wer e studied based on three aspects, namely functionality, usability, and pleasure that are applied to food products. Respondents consisted of 225 consumers of ice cream products. Crosstab analysis was used to describe consumer preferences, while chi-square test was applied to analyse the difference of consumer preference based on predetermined segmentation. The result showed that there was no significant difference for male and female consumer preferences for three aspects. Furthermore, on the attributes of taste (functionality), shape (usability) and appearance (pleasure) there were significant differences. Based on the age segmentation there were differences in consumer preferences for aspects of functionality and pleasure. Howe ver, we also found that there was no significant difference in product attributes of those aspects, except for the colour attribute. Different consumer preferences obtained in different segments can be used as a reference to customer requirements for design ing customized products. Ultimately, the products can be tailored to consumer preferences in each segment.

Kimpul can be used as various types of products to increase added value, one of that is biscuits. The advantages of biscuits include long-lasting, also easy to digest. Therefore biscuits can be made as complementary foods for ASI (MP-ASI). MP-ASI biscuits are commonly consumed by children aged 12-24 months. MP-ASI biscuits with the raw material of kimpul flour still need other ingredients to increase the protein content in order to meet the quality requirements, such as cowpea flour. To improve the texture to make it softer, it is used sago flour. Sago flour, which has a high starch content, also functions as an adhesive. This study aimed to determine the quality of the MP-ASI biscuit product of kimpul-cowpea composite flour and sago flour during storage. The research used a single factor RAK, namely the type of packaging (PE pouch, aluminum foil pouch, PE-aluminum foil pouch) and repeated three times. Observation during storage was done in every two weeks for six months. The parameters taken were physical characteristics, water content, Aw, FFA, TPC, and peroxide number. The results showed that during storage, there was a decrease in the quality of physical characteristics, increased water content, Aw, FFA, peroxide number, and TPC. Based on physical and chemical quality, the treatment that experienced the lowest quality decline was P1 (Aluminum Foil).