In order to aid professionals in disaster management, efficient procedures and technologies are developed and adopted. This paper intends to present the results of a literature review on the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) in disaster management. Even though the IoT approach was defined many years ago, only recently its technologies have been enhanced and acquired greater clarity and scope. Internationally, scientific studies indexed in two databases, Scopus and Web of Science were found, selected and analyzed. Two portfolios of papers were generated: the first for the bibliometric analysis and, the second, leaner, for qualitative analysis retaining the contributions pertinent to the proposed theme. The literature review identified macro-discussions on the IoT in disaster management and applications of more specific devices or technologies. In disaster operations, the IoT is a target theme in the fields of Computer Science, Electronic Engineering and Environmental Engineering, especially useful in disaster mitigation, rescue, response, and recovery. The main positive impact is the facilitated communication between professionals, more robust data and monitoring of data for environmental management, first aid, people tracking, distribution of supplies and medicines, among other purposes.

First aid and prehospital care practices are fundamental in helping victims, often saving lives. This study aims to present the results of a bibliometric analysis regarding first aid, as well as a case report on teaching in first aid to a group of undergraduate students. The latter presents a project developed at a Brazilian public university for engineering students. The core modules addressed in the project were: first aid concepts, specialized distress calling, site safety, injury mechanism, primary and secondary approaches, bleeding control, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, clinical emergences, seizures, intoxications, fractures, burns, immobilizations, and victim transport. A systematic literature review was conducted, which was based on structured protocols, in four databases: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Significant data were analyzed, such as years of publication, main journals, and more frequent terms in first aid teaching. The SOS-UTFPR Project aims to provide scholars of engineering and related fields with theoretical-practical knowledge about first aid. As of 2021, it has 3 graduated groups, thus generating relevant data for this research. Its main purpose is to train citizens capable of making assertive decisions in emergency situations, whether at the university, work, home, etc. With this, it was possible to promote the dissemination of the Transfer of Knowledge and Technology (KTT) by training individuals to multiply information, techniques, and acquired knowledge, in order to act preventively and save lives. Las prácticas de primeros auxilios y atención prehospitalaria son fundamentales para ayudar a las víctimas, a menudo salvando vidas. Este estudio tiene como objetivo presentar los resultados de un análisis bibliométrico en primeros auxilios, así como un informe de caso sobre la enseñanza de primeros auxilios a un grupo de estudiantes de pregrado. Este último presenta un proyecto desarrollado en una universidad pública brasileña para estudiantes de ingeniería. Los módulos centrales abordados en el proyecto fueron: conceptos de primeros auxilios, llamadas especializadas de socorro, seguridad del sitio, mecanismo de lesiones, enfoques primarios y secundarios, control de hemorragias, reanimación cardiopulmonar, emergencias clínicas, convulsiones, intoxicaciones, fracturas, quemaduras, inmovilizaciones y transporte de víctimas. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura, basada en protocolos estructurados, en cuatro bases de datos: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed y ScienceDirect. Se analizaron datos significativos como años de publicación, revistas principales y palabras más frecuentes en la enseñanza de primeros auxilios. El Proyecto SOS-UTFPR pretende proporcionar conocimientos teórico-prácticos sobre primeros auxilios a académicos de ingeniería y campos relacionados. Hasta 2021, el proyecto ha graduado a tres grupos, generando datos relevantes para esta investigación. Su objetivo principal es formar ciudadanos capaces de tomar decisiones asertivas en situaciones de emergencia, ya sea en la universidad, en el trabajo, el hogar, etc. Con ello se logró impulsar la difusión de la Transferencia de Conocimiento y Tecnología (KTT), capacitando individuos para que multipliquen la información, las técnicas y los conocimientos adquiridos, a fin de actuar de manera preventiva y salvaguardar vidas.

Practice-based training in realistic environments is important in preparing a firefighter. Live infrastructure simulation training with real fire and smoke, using real buildings and equipment, has been the only practice-based training format accepted and available, but sometimes with limitations. The integration of virtual re-ality and artificial intelligence can provide interaction for different fields of application and possibilities for complementary training. However, there is hesitation, often in doubt as to the real, often in fire situations. This article investigates how immersive VR supports cognitive processes and affects fidelity in firefighter training. The data were collected from 91 participating firefighters, including instructor officers and firefight-ers from Paraná and other states, participated in various scenarios, and real and virtual firefighting simula-tions. With tactile feedback, students used PPE for daily use at work and other equipment such as hoses and nozzles. In this bias, the usability of the immersive technology was compared with the real fire simulation performed in training containers. The results showed that tacit and explicit knowledge compared through VR can be shared correctly within the Fire Department facilities.

Anthropotechnology studies the adaptation of the individual to the production process, emphasizing the complexity of the relationship between man, machine and technology, relating it to the well-being of the human being. This work aims to study how the anthropotechnological aspects are inserted in the Mutual Assistance Plan (PAM), compared to the North American Disaster Mutual Assistance (DMA), which works similar to the Brazilian project. WFP is a non-profit institution that seeks to establish and maintain interpersonal relationships and member interaction with federal, state, and municipal authorities responsible for responding to emergencies. The present study has as specific objectives: to identify the characteristics of anthropotechnology and the transfer of knowledge and technology (TCT), to describe the origin of the MAP, to establish a comparison between the MAP and the MAP and to look for the anthropotechnological evidences in the MAP. To reach these objectives, an exploratory bibliographical research was carried out, which adopted the strategy of systematic literature review. For the field research, data were collected from the PAM of Brazil and the State of Paraná, aiming to observe its origin, its evolutionary process and its main results. In the final field research, the case of PAM, in Ponta Grossa - PR, was studied in more detail. And the results show that anthropotechnology is linked to all the activities of WFP, be it in the industrial work environment, the training offered to employees, in interpersonal relationships, in the transfer of knowledge and technology in the actions of WFP, with partner companies and other participants.

IntroductionThe years 2020 and 2021 were marked by the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, a virus that infected 167 million more people, causing about 3.4 million deaths worldwide. And, because of this, the main global health agencies (WHO, governments, emergency services, hospitals and other health professionals), sought means of protection for workers on the front line to combat the pandemic. The Fire Brigades of Brazil, had the need to adopt new protocols of actions, which would mitigate the progress of the disease, justifying the importance of curbing the effects of the pandemic in their corporations and other victims of COVID-19.Case descriptionThe objective of this work is to propose the systematization of control and combating future pandemics, seeking to contribute with a model of assistance protocol that adapts to the needs of health institutions. The study is a literature review and is based on data collected through a questionnaire applied to the Brazilian Fire Departments in the 26 states and the Federal District.Discussion and evaluationWith the mapping of the actions carried out, it was possible to identify which actions were implemented, which involve the creation and development of new service protocols such as the use of specific PPE, care with the disposal of contaminated materials and behavioral changes, avoiding contamination. Within the mapping carried out in the corporations, it is possible to obtain relevant data in the fight against the coronavirus, such as (use of new PPE, exclusive vehicles, testing of personnel, infected firefighters, number of deaths, stress, change in work routines).ConclusionsWith the coronavirus pandemic, the Fire Brigade promoted an alignment between needs and decision making, through internal protocols of related actions, which were essential in the search to mitigate the impacts caused by the pandemic. Such actions serve as a model to be used in other work environments.