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Ceramic tile production is an industrial process where energy efficiency management is crucial, given the high amount of energy (electrical and thermal) required by the production cycle. This study presents the preliminary results of a research project aimed at defining the benefits of using combined heat and power (CHP) systems in the ceramic sector. Data collected from ten CHP installations allowed us to outline the average characteristics of prime movers, and to quantify the contribution of CHP thermal energy supporting the dryer process. The electric size of the installed CHP units resulted in being between 3.4 MW and 4.9 MW, with an average value of 4 MW. Data revealed that when the goal is to maximize the generation of electricity for self-consumption, internal combustion engines are the preferred choice due to higher conversion efficiency. In contrast, gas turbines allowed us to minimize the consumption of natural gas input to the spray dryer. Indeed, the fraction of the dryer thermal demand (between 600–950 kcal/kgH2O), covered by CHP discharged heat, is strictly dependent on the type of prime mover installed: lower values, in the range of 30–45%, are characteristic of combustion engines, whereas the use of gas turbines can contribute up to 77% of the process’s total consumption.
Lisa Branchini; Maria Bignozzi; Benedetta Ferrari; Barbara Mazzanti; Saverio Ottaviano; Marcello Salvio; Claudia Toro; Fabrizio Martini; Andrea Canetti. Cogeneration Supporting the Energy Transition in the Italian Ceramic Tile Industry. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4006 .
AMA StyleLisa Branchini, Maria Bignozzi, Benedetta Ferrari, Barbara Mazzanti, Saverio Ottaviano, Marcello Salvio, Claudia Toro, Fabrizio Martini, Andrea Canetti. Cogeneration Supporting the Energy Transition in the Italian Ceramic Tile Industry. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):4006.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLisa Branchini; Maria Bignozzi; Benedetta Ferrari; Barbara Mazzanti; Saverio Ottaviano; Marcello Salvio; Claudia Toro; Fabrizio Martini; Andrea Canetti. 2021. "Cogeneration Supporting the Energy Transition in the Italian Ceramic Tile Industry." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 4006.
The liquefied natural gas (LNG) is considered a viable solution to replace oil-based engines (common in heavy-duty truck and naval industry) reducing the environmental impact in the transport sector. Since liquefaction plants represent energy intensive processes, the best configurations/operation assessment is of primary importance. In this paper, a novel general procedure for the thermodynamic design and optimization, engineering design and off-design evaluation for small-scale LNG production systems is presented. The procedure can be used for the complete design and performance evaluation of plug & play facilities at filling stations for vehicles/boats, with the contemporary benefits of reducing pollutant emission in the city/port area and operating as electrical storage, coupled with renewable generators. Furthermore, the procedure has been applied to a case study (ferry boat operating at the main canal in the port of Ravenna, Italy), evaluating the optimal size for the integrated wind plant by minimizing the electricity introduction into the grid. The obtained results show 78 kW as optimal wind size, allowing the LNG plant to operate 187 h/year in design and 4720 h/year in off-design conditions, with electricity surplus around 33 MWh/year. A prototype will be installed to reduce pollutant emissions and test this technology as a storage option for renewable sources.
Maria Alessandra Ancona; Michele Bianchi; Lisa Branchini; Francesco Catena; Andrea De Pascale; Francesco Melino; Saverio Ottaviano; Antonio Peretto. Overall Performance Evaluation of Small Scale LNG Production Processes. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 785 .
AMA StyleMaria Alessandra Ancona, Michele Bianchi, Lisa Branchini, Francesco Catena, Andrea De Pascale, Francesco Melino, Saverio Ottaviano, Antonio Peretto. Overall Performance Evaluation of Small Scale LNG Production Processes. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (3):785.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Alessandra Ancona; Michele Bianchi; Lisa Branchini; Francesco Catena; Andrea De Pascale; Francesco Melino; Saverio Ottaviano; Antonio Peretto. 2020. "Overall Performance Evaluation of Small Scale LNG Production Processes." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3: 785.
In the electricity production sector, geothermal energy is considered a reliable energy source because of its independence of seasonal, climatic and geographical conditions. Low-temperature geothermal wells present a huge potential of exploitation, as the development of binary cycles and the technological improvement in drilling make this heat source a competitive solution for electricity generated distribution and self-consumption. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is currently the best solution to convert heat into electricity using low enthalpy heat sources. The ORC technology is already mature and widespread for medium and large-scale power plants, applying for geothermal, solar, biomass or waste heat recovery exploitation. Micro-scale ORC applications are still not diffused in the market: the system layout, the working fluid selection and the expander architecture can significantly vary depending on the specific realization requirements, thus a standard configuration has not established yet. In this paper, a particular case study of a micro-ORC power system using a geothermal well is presented. The application in analysis is a plug-and-play ORC facility, currently installed and operating in a pool centre. The system layout and the main components are described. The heat source is a geothermal well, which continuously supplies (by pressure difference) liquid water at a temperature lower than 60 °C to a binary Rankine cycle working with R134a. The ORC system is driven by a prototypal radial-piston expander and adopts an external-gear feed pump and a recuperative cycle. It is developed for working continuously, delivering the generated electricity directly into the grid. The facility is provided with temperature, pressure and electric power sensors for monitoring the operation and for a preliminary evaluation of the performance. The global efficiency of expander and feed pump and the ORC net efficiency have been evaluated at the regular working conditions of the geothermal well, showing values equal to, respectively, 53 %, 41 % and 4.4 %.
M. Bianchi; L. Branchini; A. De Pascale; F. Melino; S. Ottaviano; A. Peretto; N Torricelli; G. Zampieri. Performance and operation of micro-ORC energy system using geothermal heat source. Energy Procedia 2018, 148, 384 -391.
AMA StyleM. Bianchi, L. Branchini, A. De Pascale, F. Melino, S. Ottaviano, A. Peretto, N Torricelli, G. Zampieri. Performance and operation of micro-ORC energy system using geothermal heat source. Energy Procedia. 2018; 148 ():384-391.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Bianchi; L. Branchini; A. De Pascale; F. Melino; S. Ottaviano; A. Peretto; N Torricelli; G. Zampieri. 2018. "Performance and operation of micro-ORC energy system using geothermal heat source." Energy Procedia 148, no. : 384-391.
F. Albertini; C. Bennati; Michele Bianchi; L. Branchini; Francesco Cugini; A. De Pascale; S. Fabbrici; F. Melino; S. Ottaviano; A. Peretto; J. Rosati; Massimo Solzi. Preliminary Investigation on a Rotary Magnetocaloric Refrigerator Prototype. Energy Procedia 2017, 142, 1288 -1293.
AMA StyleF. Albertini, C. Bennati, Michele Bianchi, L. Branchini, Francesco Cugini, A. De Pascale, S. Fabbrici, F. Melino, S. Ottaviano, A. Peretto, J. Rosati, Massimo Solzi. Preliminary Investigation on a Rotary Magnetocaloric Refrigerator Prototype. Energy Procedia. 2017; 142 ():1288-1293.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Albertini; C. Bennati; Michele Bianchi; L. Branchini; Francesco Cugini; A. De Pascale; S. Fabbrici; F. Melino; S. Ottaviano; A. Peretto; J. Rosati; Massimo Solzi. 2017. "Preliminary Investigation on a Rotary Magnetocaloric Refrigerator Prototype." Energy Procedia 142, no. : 1288-1293.
Michele Bianchi; L. Branchini; A. De Pascale; V. Orlandini; S. Ottaviano; A. Peretto; F. Melino; M. Pinelli; Pier Ruggero Spina; Alessio Suman. Experimental Investigation with Steady-State Detection in a Micro-ORC Test Bench. Energy Procedia 2017, 126, 469 -476.
AMA StyleMichele Bianchi, L. Branchini, A. De Pascale, V. Orlandini, S. Ottaviano, A. Peretto, F. Melino, M. Pinelli, Pier Ruggero Spina, Alessio Suman. Experimental Investigation with Steady-State Detection in a Micro-ORC Test Bench. Energy Procedia. 2017; 126 ():469-476.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichele Bianchi; L. Branchini; A. De Pascale; V. Orlandini; S. Ottaviano; A. Peretto; F. Melino; M. Pinelli; Pier Ruggero Spina; Alessio Suman. 2017. "Experimental Investigation with Steady-State Detection in a Micro-ORC Test Bench." Energy Procedia 126, no. : 469-476.
M. Bianchi; L. Branchini; A. De Pascale; V. Orlandini; S. Ottaviano; M. Pinelli; Pier Ruggero Spina; A. Suman. Experimental Performance of a Micro-ORC Energy System for Low Grade Heat Recovery. Energy Procedia 2017, 129, 899 -906.
AMA StyleM. Bianchi, L. Branchini, A. De Pascale, V. Orlandini, S. Ottaviano, M. Pinelli, Pier Ruggero Spina, A. Suman. Experimental Performance of a Micro-ORC Energy System for Low Grade Heat Recovery. Energy Procedia. 2017; 129 ():899-906.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Bianchi; L. Branchini; A. De Pascale; V. Orlandini; S. Ottaviano; M. Pinelli; Pier Ruggero Spina; A. Suman. 2017. "Experimental Performance of a Micro-ORC Energy System for Low Grade Heat Recovery." Energy Procedia 129, no. : 899-906.
M.A. Ancona; M. Bianchi; L. Branchini; A. De Pascale; F. Melino; V. Orlandini; S. Ottaviano; A. Peretto; M. Pinelli; P.R. Spina; Alessio Suman. A Micro-ORC Energy System: Preliminary Performance and Test Bench Development. Energy Procedia 2016, 101, 814 -821.
AMA StyleM.A. Ancona, M. Bianchi, L. Branchini, A. De Pascale, F. Melino, V. Orlandini, S. Ottaviano, A. Peretto, M. Pinelli, P.R. Spina, Alessio Suman. A Micro-ORC Energy System: Preliminary Performance and Test Bench Development. Energy Procedia. 2016; 101 ():814-821.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM.A. Ancona; M. Bianchi; L. Branchini; A. De Pascale; F. Melino; V. Orlandini; S. Ottaviano; A. Peretto; M. Pinelli; P.R. Spina; Alessio Suman. 2016. "A Micro-ORC Energy System: Preliminary Performance and Test Bench Development." Energy Procedia 101, no. : 814-821.