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Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is a widespread species in Eurasia, but its natural range can be significantly altered by a variety of stressors. The ability of pine to regenerate naturally is significantly reduced by its occurrence in unsuitable habitats. The processes of natural selection of pine from select habitats can be followed in stands of national parks where forestry activities are excluded. The possibility of pine regeneration is influenced by the following factors: characteristics of produced seeds, competition, and genetic characteristics. In the present study, selected factors associated with limiting the natural regeneration potential of pine were analysed. The present work generated important information related to the natural regeneration potential of pine in Central and Eastern Europe. The main objective of the analyses was to discuss the possibility of the natural regeneration of pine stands without human intervention. In addition, the genetic diversity of naturally germinating seedlings was analysed. The obtained results confirmed the high reproductive potential of pine despite the advanced age of the studied trees. The obtained seeds produced by old growth Scots pine trees had high viability, while a significant difference was observed in terms of the average number of cones per dominant tree between studied stands. Thus, the number of cones was the main element determining the regeneration potential of the stands. It should be emphasised that the number of cones did not influence the occurrence of natural regeneration. Based on the obtained results, the regeneration potential of pine stands depends mainly on the habitat and the competitive pressure. In addition, a correlation between genetic parameters and the regeneration potential of stands should be established, which may be the beginning of further research on the process discussed in this publication.
Paweł Przybylski; Monika Konatowska; Szymon Jastrzębowski; Anna Tereba; Vasyl Mohytych; Łukasz Tyburski; Paweł Rutkowski. The Possibility of Regenerating a Pine Stand through Natural Regeneration. Forests 2021, 12, 1055 .
AMA StylePaweł Przybylski, Monika Konatowska, Szymon Jastrzębowski, Anna Tereba, Vasyl Mohytych, Łukasz Tyburski, Paweł Rutkowski. The Possibility of Regenerating a Pine Stand through Natural Regeneration. Forests. 2021; 12 (8):1055.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaweł Przybylski; Monika Konatowska; Szymon Jastrzębowski; Anna Tereba; Vasyl Mohytych; Łukasz Tyburski; Paweł Rutkowski. 2021. "The Possibility of Regenerating a Pine Stand through Natural Regeneration." Forests 12, no. 8: 1055.
Knowledge of the impacts of sex on plant mortality and biomass production has scientific and practical importance. In the case of willows, we know relatively little about such effects. The main objective of this study was to evaluate whether the sex of individuals of different willow species determines their biomass and mortality. An additional goal was to determine whether the secondary sex characteristics, such as leaf traits, depend on sex. The experiment was conducted from 2011 to 2014 with 8100 plants comprising 150 willow genotypes, including 8 species, 16 interspecies hybrids, cultivars, and specimens differentiated by sex. Statistical analysis of the leaf traits revealed their relationship to sex. On average, male specimens have longer and wider leaves. They also have longer petioles. Males of the studied Salix genotypes were characterized by higher biomass and showed a greater survival rate than females but only under better site conditions; when the site conditions were poorer, males had higher mortality than females.
Monika Konatowska; Paweł Rutkowski; Anna Budka; Piotr Goliński; Kinga Szentner; Mirosław Mleczek. The interactions between habitat, sex, biomass and leaf traits of different willow (Salix) genotypes. International Journal of Environmental Research 2021, 15, 395 -412.
AMA StyleMonika Konatowska, Paweł Rutkowski, Anna Budka, Piotr Goliński, Kinga Szentner, Mirosław Mleczek. The interactions between habitat, sex, biomass and leaf traits of different willow (Salix) genotypes. International Journal of Environmental Research. 2021; 15 (2):395-412.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Konatowska; Paweł Rutkowski; Anna Budka; Piotr Goliński; Kinga Szentner; Mirosław Mleczek. 2021. "The interactions between habitat, sex, biomass and leaf traits of different willow (Salix) genotypes." International Journal of Environmental Research 15, no. 2: 395-412.
Biodiversity at the species and individual levels is one of the fundamental elements characterizing an ecosystem. It is assumed that the greater the level of biodiversity, the more tolerant the environment is to changes in external conditions. In recent years, dynamic climate change has negatively impacted the health of many forest trees across Europe, in particular Scots pine. Tree health is commonly characterized by crown defoliation. The study presented here describes and correlates crown defoliation with biodiversity indicators at the species and individual tree levels. Research was conducted in two national parks in Poland (Kampinoski and Bory Tucholskie). Since stands have been under legal protection for many years and forest management is not practiced there, stand development processes taking place there are similar to natural ones. This study provided empirical data on ecosystem response to external stresses based on species and genetic structure. The results confirm differing health of the populations, which results from, among other factors, stand age and the environmental conditions in which they grow. Pine stands in both national parks are genetically diverse but with low genetic variability. Differences in stand health are related to the number of alleles forming the genetic pool. This conclusion is supported by a high correlation coefficient for interactions between defoliation, the number of alleles, and the Shannon index for genotypes. This suggests that greater gene diversity is likely to provide a wider range of phenotypic responses to environmental change.
Paweł Przybylski; Vasyl Mohytych; Paweł Rutkowski; Anna Tereba; Łukasz Tyburski; Kateryna Fyalkowska. Relationships between Some Biodiversity Indicators and Crown Damage of Pinus sylvestris L. in Natural Old Growth Pine Forests. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1239 .
AMA StylePaweł Przybylski, Vasyl Mohytych, Paweł Rutkowski, Anna Tereba, Łukasz Tyburski, Kateryna Fyalkowska. Relationships between Some Biodiversity Indicators and Crown Damage of Pinus sylvestris L. in Natural Old Growth Pine Forests. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1239.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaweł Przybylski; Vasyl Mohytych; Paweł Rutkowski; Anna Tereba; Łukasz Tyburski; Kateryna Fyalkowska. 2021. "Relationships between Some Biodiversity Indicators and Crown Damage of Pinus sylvestris L. in Natural Old Growth Pine Forests." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1239.
Rafał Szymczyk; Monika Konatowska; Paweł Rutkowski. Materiały do bioty porostów Nadleśnictwa Doświadczalnego Zielonka w Wielkopolsce. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica Polonica 2020, 297 -311.
AMA StyleRafał Szymczyk, Monika Konatowska, Paweł Rutkowski. Materiały do bioty porostów Nadleśnictwa Doświadczalnego Zielonka w Wielkopolsce. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica Polonica. 2020; (2):297-311.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafał Szymczyk; Monika Konatowska; Paweł Rutkowski. 2020. "Materiały do bioty porostów Nadleśnictwa Doświadczalnego Zielonka w Wielkopolsce." Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica Polonica , no. 2: 297-311.
European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) dieback affects both overstory trees and natural regeneration. The decline of ash caused by severe crown defoliation and branch mortality has a high impact on ash natural regeneration. The site factors affecting the disease symptoms vary significantly and are not fully understood. Hence, we aimed to assess the joined effects of soil fertility and moisture (expressed by soil pH, CaCO3 content, and summer groundwater table level), herbivory, and health conditions connected with Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz, and Hosoya infestation on natural regeneration of F. excelsior. We examined 32 ash stands in Western Poland across soil fertility gradient. We established randomly selected circular plots (400 m2) in forests with ≥60% of ash in overstory species composition. We assessed natural regeneration density, the proportion of browsed trees, and trees damaged by ash dieback using generalized mixed-effects models. We found a higher proportion of damaged trees in neutral and base soils than in acid soils. Moreover, we found a low proportion of damaged trees in sites with low groundwater table levels. High CaCO3 content decreased the proportion of browsed trees, similarly as high shrub cover. The density of F. excelsior natural regeneration depended on groundwater table level, canopy cover, and proportion of damaged trees. We also found a positive relationship between density and deer browsing. The factor responsible for the higher infestation of saplings (low groundwater table level) also influenced natural regeneration density. This way, our study revealed how soil properties influence ash natural regeneration directly and indirectly. We showed that ash dieback will have a more severe impact on ash regeneration in ash typical sites. This is essential for predicting forest recovery and the ability to resilience after disturbances caused by H. fraxineus. Joined effects of ash dieback, soil pH, and CaCO3 content, together with soil moisture, as well as deer browsing and defoliation of trees in the overstory, affect ash regeneration.
Krzysztof Turczański; Marcin K. Dyderski; Paweł Rutkowski. Ash dieback, soil and deer browsing influence natural regeneration of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.). Science of The Total Environment 2020, 752, 141787 .
AMA StyleKrzysztof Turczański, Marcin K. Dyderski, Paweł Rutkowski. Ash dieback, soil and deer browsing influence natural regeneration of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.). Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 752 ():141787.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrzysztof Turczański; Marcin K. Dyderski; Paweł Rutkowski. 2020. "Ash dieback, soil and deer browsing influence natural regeneration of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)." Science of The Total Environment 752, no. : 141787.
Various studies have established possible threats posed due to pollution using ecological risk indices, but most have focused strictly on anthropogenic areas, so the data from these studies are less comparable with those obtained from natural forest sites, which was the focus of this current study. The main reason for this focus could be attributed to the commonly agreed reference provided by natural forest parks, which are assumed to be uncontaminated. The aim of this research was to determine if the Kampinoski National Park (Poland) could be considered a geochemical referencing ecosystem for Pb, Cd, and Ni levels. The specific purpose was to conduct a soil-background-based evaluation of metal contamination with a focus on geochemical indices as normative tools for assessing similar forest ecosystems at local and international levels. The toxicity response factors indicated some specific metal features that seemed highly magnified for Cd compared with Pb and Ni. The use of geochemical indices when assessing the contamination status of various ecosystems, either natural or strongly anthropogenic, is recommended to enable worldwide comparison, rather than only assessing metal contents. This approach considers the background metal concentrations for local on-site targets as well as pre-industrial reference levels for international referencing.
Paweł Rutkowski; Jean Diatta; Monika Konatowska; Agnieszka Andrzejewska; Łukasz Tyburski; Paweł Przybylski. Geochemical Referencing of Natural Forest Contamination in Poland. Forests 2020, 11, 157 .
AMA StylePaweł Rutkowski, Jean Diatta, Monika Konatowska, Agnieszka Andrzejewska, Łukasz Tyburski, Paweł Przybylski. Geochemical Referencing of Natural Forest Contamination in Poland. Forests. 2020; 11 (2):157.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaweł Rutkowski; Jean Diatta; Monika Konatowska; Agnieszka Andrzejewska; Łukasz Tyburski; Paweł Przybylski. 2020. "Geochemical Referencing of Natural Forest Contamination in Poland." Forests 11, no. 2: 157.
The incorporation of Lucanus cervus (L.) in Annex 2 of the EU Habitats Directive imposed on EU member countries the obligation to prepare protection plans and undertake adequate measures aimed at the preservation of this species. A necessary precondition for their implementation was connected with the identification of current localities of L. cervus. This paper presents the distribution of L. cervus localities in Poland, identified on the basis of a survey conducted in the areas administered by the State Forests. Habitat preferences for the selection of biotopes by stag beetles were evaluated in terms of forest-site types. This will facilitate effective protection of L. cervus by indicating potential biotopes for this species, particularly in areas with high abundance. The survey showed the presence of L. cervus in 176 localities distributed in 47 forest districts. Most of them were found in three main areas comprising forests in the areas of Zielona Góra, Wrocław and the Świętokrzyskie Mts. They constitute large-scale refuges. In 98% of cases the development of L. cervus was associated with oaks Quercus robur and Quercus petraea. Other host plants included Fagus sylvatica and Acer pseudoplatanus. The age of trees colonised by stag beetles ranged from 70 to 248 years, 134 years on average. Lucanus cervus was most frequently found in deciduous mesic forest sites (41% of localities) and deciduous mixed mesic forest sites (24% of localities). Over 90% of recorded localities are situated in forested areas, understood to include stands, residual trees and stumps, as well as localities at forest edges and along roads in the vicinity of forests.
Robert Kuźmiński; Artur Chrzanowski; Andrzej Mazur; Paweł Rutkowski; Dariusz J. Gwiazdowicz. Distribution and habitat preferences of the stag beetle Lucanus cervus (L.) in forested areas of Poland. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1043 -11.
AMA StyleRobert Kuźmiński, Artur Chrzanowski, Andrzej Mazur, Paweł Rutkowski, Dariusz J. Gwiazdowicz. Distribution and habitat preferences of the stag beetle Lucanus cervus (L.) in forested areas of Poland. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1043-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRobert Kuźmiński; Artur Chrzanowski; Andrzej Mazur; Paweł Rutkowski; Dariusz J. Gwiazdowicz. 2020. "Distribution and habitat preferences of the stag beetle Lucanus cervus (L.) in forested areas of Poland." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1043-11.
European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) dieback caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz, and Hosoya has been affecting European forests since 1992. The disease drives severe crown defoliation, branch loss, and finally tree mortality in European ash. The environmental factors affecting the disease process are still not fully recognized. We hypothesized that the level of crown defoliation in ash, as well as its impact on understory vegetation, will differ along the pH gradient in soil. We examined 27 ash stands in western Poland. We assessed the crown defoliation of 15 dominant and co-dominant trees, soil parameters (pH and soil organic matter contents; SOM), and also recorded the understory vegetation species composition. Most moderately and severely damaged trees occurred within the plots with a high SOM content (>7.5%) and neutral to slightly alkaline soil pH (>7.0) in the A horizon. We noted significantly lower crown defoliation in mesic sites with acidic soils and lower SOM contents. The results also showed the influence of ash crown defoliation on the species functional composition. Ash dieback led to the creation of gaps, and their colonization by other species frequently found in forest sites, especially forest-edge tall herbs.
Krzysztof Turczański; Paweł Rutkowski; Marcin K. Dyderski; Dorota Wrońska-Pilarek; Mirosław Nowiński. Soil pH and Organic Matter Content Affects European Ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) Crown Defoliation and Its Impact on Understory Vegetation. Forests 2019, 11, 22 .
AMA StyleKrzysztof Turczański, Paweł Rutkowski, Marcin K. Dyderski, Dorota Wrońska-Pilarek, Mirosław Nowiński. Soil pH and Organic Matter Content Affects European Ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) Crown Defoliation and Its Impact on Understory Vegetation. Forests. 2019; 11 (1):22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrzysztof Turczański; Paweł Rutkowski; Marcin K. Dyderski; Dorota Wrońska-Pilarek; Mirosław Nowiński. 2019. "Soil pH and Organic Matter Content Affects European Ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) Crown Defoliation and Its Impact on Understory Vegetation." Forests 11, no. 1: 22.
The chemical composition of wood depends on many factors, including plant growth conditions. Among the many dangerous elements it was decided in this study to select arsenic in various forms: As(III), As(V) and cacodylic acid (DMAA), as well as various concentrations and mutual combinations. The experiment was conducted on 1-year old elm seedlings planted in pots with an addition of Knop medium and arsenic. Supplementation of the substrate with each arsenic form caused changes in contents of cellulose and lignin as well as extractive substances and those soluble in 1% NaOH. Arsenic also led to changes in the structure of basic wood components. The FTIR analysis showed the greatest changes under the influence of As(V), As(III)/As(V)/DMA. Despite high arsenic concentration in the substrate 1-year old elm seedlings survived the period of the experiment, thus providing valuable results and broadening our knowledge on the response of trees to the environment contaminated with arsenic.
Bogusława Waliszewska; M. Mleczek; Magdalena Zborowska; P. Goliński; Pawel Rutkowski; K. Szentner. Changes in the chemical composition and the structure of cellulose and lignin in elm wood exposed to various forms of arsenic. Cellulose 2019, 26, 6303 -6315.
AMA StyleBogusława Waliszewska, M. Mleczek, Magdalena Zborowska, P. Goliński, Pawel Rutkowski, K. Szentner. Changes in the chemical composition and the structure of cellulose and lignin in elm wood exposed to various forms of arsenic. Cellulose. 2019; 26 (10):6303-6315.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBogusława Waliszewska; M. Mleczek; Magdalena Zborowska; P. Goliński; Pawel Rutkowski; K. Szentner. 2019. "Changes in the chemical composition and the structure of cellulose and lignin in elm wood exposed to various forms of arsenic." Cellulose 26, no. 10: 6303-6315.
The aim of this research was to answer the question of whether the floristic- phytosociological characteristics of the forest communities described in the mid-twentieth century in the Zielonka Experimental Forest (Poland) have changed, and if so, what were the reasons for these changes and what were their environmental and economic consequences. The basis of the research was a comparison of plant community descriptions drawn up in 1957-1961 to descriptions of the states of those communities in 2010-2017. The study showed a significant decrease in the number of plant species. The reasons for the disappearance of some plant communities are seen in the natural or artificial changes of pine in sandy habitats, which evolved towards richer communities. The disappearance of xero-thermophile oak woods had two main causes: a natural cause, which was a consequence of regeneration towards oak-hornbeam woods after the anthropogenic phenomena responsible for their management, and anthropogenic disturbance related to the planting of Fagus sylvatica trees or Prunus serotina. The second case is described more broadly and considers both the positive and negative roles of changing the floristic compositions of forest ecosystems.
Monika Konatowska; Paweł Rutkowski. Phytosociology—A Useful Tool for the Assessment of Past and Future Human Impacts on Plants and Forest Ecosystems. Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019, 07, 154 -163.
AMA StyleMonika Konatowska, Paweł Rutkowski. Phytosociology—A Useful Tool for the Assessment of Past and Future Human Impacts on Plants and Forest Ecosystems. Journal of Biosciences and Medicines. 2019; 07 (11):154-163.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Konatowska; Paweł Rutkowski. 2019. "Phytosociology—A Useful Tool for the Assessment of Past and Future Human Impacts on Plants and Forest Ecosystems." Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 07, no. 11: 154-163.
The phytoextraction of toxic elements present in industrial wastes by selected tree species seems to offer an interesting alternative to hyperaccumulators, which are generally highly effective but small. For this reason, the study aimed to compare the potential of 1- and 2-year-old Tilia cordata Miller and Ulmus laevis Pall seedlings growing on a mixture of wastes (flotation tailings and sewage sludges) in the environment. One-year-old T. cordata was the only plant unable to grow successfully. A general decrease in tree biomass was observed following their growth on the waste mixture. The mean biomass of 2-year-old T. cordata and U. laevis seedlings was 59.5 ± 1.6 and 57.0 ± 8.6 g, respectively, whereas that of 1-year-old T. cordata was 16.0 ± 9.3 g. These values were 46.2, 48.0 and 50.5% lower than those determined for the control trees. Phytoextraction of 67 elements in particular organs of trees in many cases was significantly diverse. According to the Friedman rank sum test, T. cordata (1y) and U. laevis (2y) growing in soil were the only plants that differed as regards their ability to phytoextract elements. In the case of trees growing on the waste mixture, the most effective accumulating plants were seedlings of 2-year-old T. cordata. Significantly lower efficiency was observed for 2-year-old U. laevis, while the lowest efficiency was recorded for 1-year-old T. cordata. The obtained results unambiguously pointed to the significant role of a proper selection of tree species concerning their age for phytoextraction of elements from polluted substrates.
M. Mleczek; Pawel Rutkowski; J. Kaniuczak; M. Szostek; A. Budka; Z. Magdziak; S. Budzyńska; N. Kuczyńska-Kippen; P. Niedzielski. The significance of selected tree species age in their efficiency in elements phytoextraction from wastes mixture. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2018, 16, 3579 -3594.
AMA StyleM. Mleczek, Pawel Rutkowski, J. Kaniuczak, M. Szostek, A. Budka, Z. Magdziak, S. Budzyńska, N. Kuczyńska-Kippen, P. Niedzielski. The significance of selected tree species age in their efficiency in elements phytoextraction from wastes mixture. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2018; 16 (7):3579-3594.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Mleczek; Pawel Rutkowski; J. Kaniuczak; M. Szostek; A. Budka; Z. Magdziak; S. Budzyńska; N. Kuczyńska-Kippen; P. Niedzielski. 2018. "The significance of selected tree species age in their efficiency in elements phytoextraction from wastes mixture." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 16, no. 7: 3579-3594.
The aim of the study was to compare specimens of Salix viminalis L. able to grow in polluted mining sludge (A1) with specimens of the same willow clone growing in two unpolluted areas (A2 and A3). Plants from the polluted area were characterized by the highest accumulation of the majority of elements in their organs with a clear limitation of their uptake to roots and effective translocation to aboveground organs. Willows from the unpolluted areas were characterized by significantly higher biomass than the treated plants, as shown in the content of cellulose/holocellulose. The different chemical characteristics of the substrates influenced tree physiology, including the organic acids and phenolic compounds profile and/or content. The total content of organic acids in lateral roots was higher for S. viminalis L. grown in unpolluted areas, while for leaves the opposite situation was observed. However, their creation was significantly correlated with the content of the majority of elements in the organs of S. viminalis L. Enhanced synthesis of phenolic compounds in roots (besides quercetin) and in leaves (besides myricetin and quercetin) was confirmed in the polluted area, and correlated with metal content in plant organs. Resilient plants characterized not only by their survivability but also by their effective phytoextraction of toxic metals, have great potential for widespread practical application on highly polluted mining sludge and for reducing the associated threat to human health. The obtained results suggest that further investigation of these plants is necessary to determine the mechanism(s) responsible for their high survivability.
Mirosław Mleczek; Monika Gąsecka; Bogusława Waliszewska; Zuzanna Magdziak; Malgorzata Szostek; Paweł Rutkowski; Janina Kaniuczak; Magdalena Zborowska; Sylwia Budzyńska; Patrycja Mleczek; Przemysław Niedzielski. Salix viminalis L. - A highly effective plant in phytoextraction of elements. Chemosphere 2018, 212, 67 -78.
AMA StyleMirosław Mleczek, Monika Gąsecka, Bogusława Waliszewska, Zuzanna Magdziak, Malgorzata Szostek, Paweł Rutkowski, Janina Kaniuczak, Magdalena Zborowska, Sylwia Budzyńska, Patrycja Mleczek, Przemysław Niedzielski. Salix viminalis L. - A highly effective plant in phytoextraction of elements. Chemosphere. 2018; 212 ():67-78.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirosław Mleczek; Monika Gąsecka; Bogusława Waliszewska; Zuzanna Magdziak; Malgorzata Szostek; Paweł Rutkowski; Janina Kaniuczak; Magdalena Zborowska; Sylwia Budzyńska; Patrycja Mleczek; Przemysław Niedzielski. 2018. "Salix viminalis L. - A highly effective plant in phytoextraction of elements." Chemosphere 212, no. : 67-78.
It is well known—almost a truism—that contamination of the environment (especially soil) and the impacts of this contamination on animals and humans is a major worldwide problem. Phytoextraction is one of the methods that can be applied for soil reclamation and can lead to improvement. The general tendency in transport of metals to particular tree organs and their accumulation there is as follows: roots > leaves > stem. Vertical distribution of metals in trees depends both on the kind of element and tree species. The mobility and bioavailability of trace elements depends on several soil factors, e.g., pH; organic matter content; soil granulation; content of iron, manganese, and aluminum oxides; cation exchange capacity; water properties; contaminating metal; soil salinity; and soil biological properties. The potential of trees and bushes is mainly related to their ability to uptake elements from soil, followed by their possible transport and accumulation in aerial plant parts. Phytoextraction is limited to selected elements only. Experimental research conducted on fields contaminated with heavy metals in phytoremediation and phytoextraction studies provide an excellent training ground from which to observe and investigate plant response to metal exposure in defense mechanisms and tolerance. The published literature indicates that dendroremediation may have great potential for the remediation of areas contaminated with metals.
Mirosław Mleczek; Monika Gąsecka; Janina Kaniuczak; Piotr Goliński; Małgorzata Szostek; Zuzanna Magdziak; Paweł Rutkowski; Sylwia Budzyńska. Dendroremediation: The Role of Trees in Phytoextraction of Trace Elements. Phytoremediation 2018, 267 -295.
AMA StyleMirosław Mleczek, Monika Gąsecka, Janina Kaniuczak, Piotr Goliński, Małgorzata Szostek, Zuzanna Magdziak, Paweł Rutkowski, Sylwia Budzyńska. Dendroremediation: The Role of Trees in Phytoextraction of Trace Elements. Phytoremediation. 2018; ():267-295.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirosław Mleczek; Monika Gąsecka; Janina Kaniuczak; Piotr Goliński; Małgorzata Szostek; Zuzanna Magdziak; Paweł Rutkowski; Sylwia Budzyńska. 2018. "Dendroremediation: The Role of Trees in Phytoextraction of Trace Elements." Phytoremediation , no. : 267-295.
Total phenolics and the profile of phenolic acids and flavonoids were investigated in the roots and leaves of Ulmus laevis cultured on the medium with inorganic and organic arsenic - As(III), As(V) and DMA(V) at 0.06mM and their equimolar combinations. Further, the accumulation of salicylic acid (free and glucoside-bound) and lipid oxidation were assayed following a three-month long experiment. As treatment caused elevated production of phenolics, which was higher in photosynthetic tissue than in roots for all As forms and their combinations, and their overall content was correlated with the accumulation of organic As in roots and As(III) in leaves. The accumulation of organic As strongly induced shikimate-derived protocatechiuc acid in roots. Contrary to this, shikimate-derived phenolics (protocatechuic, gallic acids and 4-HBA) were suppressed in leaves, while the accumulation of C6C3 acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and chlorogenic) was stimulated by As(V) application. Surprisingly, these acids were not detected in the leaves of As(III)-treated plants, and mutually applied As(III) and DMA(V) reduced their content. DMA(V) negatively influenced the level of salicylic acid and its storage mechanism and this effect correlated with elevated MDA content in leaves. Quercetin accumulation was observed in both organs (mainly leaves) of DMA(V)-treated plants thereby proving its function in defensive response of Ulmus laevis to organic forms of As.
Kinga Drzewiecka; Monika Gąsecka; Paweł Rutkowski; Zuzanna Magdziak; Piotr Goliński; Mirosław Mleczek. Arsenic forms and their combinations induce differences in phenolic accumulation in Ulmus laevis Pall. Journal of Plant Physiology 2018, 220, 34 -42.
AMA StyleKinga Drzewiecka, Monika Gąsecka, Paweł Rutkowski, Zuzanna Magdziak, Piotr Goliński, Mirosław Mleczek. Arsenic forms and their combinations induce differences in phenolic accumulation in Ulmus laevis Pall. Journal of Plant Physiology. 2018; 220 ():34-42.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKinga Drzewiecka; Monika Gąsecka; Paweł Rutkowski; Zuzanna Magdziak; Piotr Goliński; Mirosław Mleczek. 2018. "Arsenic forms and their combinations induce differences in phenolic accumulation in Ulmus laevis Pall." Journal of Plant Physiology 220, no. : 34-42.
The aim of the study was to compare the phytoextraction abilities of six tree species (Acer platanoides L., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Betula pendula Roth, Quercus robur L., Tilia cordata Miller, Ulmus laevis Pall.), cultivated on mining sludge contaminated with arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), thallium (Tl), and zinc (Zn). All six tree species were able to survive on such an unpromising substrate. However, A. platanoides and T. cordata seedlings grown on the polluted substrate showed significantly lower biomass than control plants (55.5 and 45.6%, respectively). As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Tl predominantly accumulated in the roots of all the analyzed tree species with the following highest contents: 1616, 268, 2432, 547, and 856 mg kg−1, respectively. Zn was predominantly localized in shoots with the highest content of 5801 and 5732 mg kg−1 for U. laevis and A. platanoides, respectively. A. platanoides was the most effective in Zn phytoextaction, with a bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 8.99 and a translocation factor (TF) of 1.5. Furthermore, with the exception of A. pseudoplatanus, the analyzed tree species showed a BCF > 1 for Tl, with the highest value for A. platanoides (1.41). However, the TF for this metal was lower than 1 in all the analyzed tree species. A. platanoides showed the highest BCF and a low TF and could, therefore, be a promising species for Tl phytostabilization. In the case of the other analyzed tree species, their potential for effective phytoextraction was markedly lower. Further studies on the use of A. platanoides in phytoremediation would be worth conducting.
Mirosław Mleczek; Piotr Goliński; Magdalena Krzesłowska; Monika Gąsecka; Zuzanna Magdziak; Paweł Rutkowski; Sylwia Budzyńska; Bogusława Waliszewska; Tomisław Kozubik; Zbigniew Karolewski; Przemysław Niedzielski. Phytoextraction of potentially toxic elements by six tree species growing on hazardous mining sludge. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2017, 24, 22183 -22195.
AMA StyleMirosław Mleczek, Piotr Goliński, Magdalena Krzesłowska, Monika Gąsecka, Zuzanna Magdziak, Paweł Rutkowski, Sylwia Budzyńska, Bogusława Waliszewska, Tomisław Kozubik, Zbigniew Karolewski, Przemysław Niedzielski. Phytoextraction of potentially toxic elements by six tree species growing on hazardous mining sludge. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2017; 24 (28):22183-22195.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirosław Mleczek; Piotr Goliński; Magdalena Krzesłowska; Monika Gąsecka; Zuzanna Magdziak; Paweł Rutkowski; Sylwia Budzyńska; Bogusława Waliszewska; Tomisław Kozubik; Zbigniew Karolewski; Przemysław Niedzielski. 2017. "Phytoextraction of potentially toxic elements by six tree species growing on hazardous mining sludge." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 24, no. 28: 22183-22195.
In general, respiration (RS) is highly correlated with nitrogen concentration (N) in plant organs, including roots, which exhibit a positive N–RS relationship. Less is known, however, about the relationship between N and RS in roots of different branch orders within an individual tree along a vertical soil profile; this is especially true in trees with contrasting life strategies, such as pioneer Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) vs mid-successional sessile oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.). In the present research, the impact of root branch order, as represented by those with absorptive vs transporting ability, and soil genetic horizon on root N, RS and the N–RS relationship was examined. Mean RS and total N concentration differed significantly among root branch orders and was significantly higher in absorptive roots than in transporting roots. The soil genetic horizon differentially affected root RS in Scots pine vs sessile oak. The genetic horizon mostly affected RS in absorptive roots of Scots pine and transporting roots in sessile oak. Root N was the highest in absorptive roots and most affected by soil genetic horizon in both tree species. Root N was not correlated with soil N, although N levels were higher in roots growing in fertile soil genetic horizons. Overall, RS in different root branch orders was positively correlated with N in both species. The N–RS relationship in roots, pooled by soil genetic horizon, was significant in both species, but was only significant in sessile oak when roots were pooled by root branch order. In both tree species, a significant interaction was found between the soil genetic horizon and root branch order with root function; however, species-specific responses were found. Both root N, which was unaffected by soil N, and the positive N–RS relationship consistently observed in different genetic horizons suggest that root function prevails over environmental factors, such as soil genetic horizon.
Lidia K. Trocha; Bartosz Bułaj; Paulina Kutczyńska; Joanna Mucha; Paweł Rutkowski; Marcin Zadworny. The interactive impact of root branch order and soil genetic horizon on root respiration and nitrogen concentration. Tree Physiology 2017, 37, 1055 -1068.
AMA StyleLidia K. Trocha, Bartosz Bułaj, Paulina Kutczyńska, Joanna Mucha, Paweł Rutkowski, Marcin Zadworny. The interactive impact of root branch order and soil genetic horizon on root respiration and nitrogen concentration. Tree Physiology. 2017; 37 (8):1055-1068.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLidia K. Trocha; Bartosz Bułaj; Paulina Kutczyńska; Joanna Mucha; Paweł Rutkowski; Marcin Zadworny. 2017. "The interactive impact of root branch order and soil genetic horizon on root respiration and nitrogen concentration." Tree Physiology 37, no. 8: 1055-1068.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the biosynthesis and exudation of 10 low-molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) into the rhizosphere with a simultaneous analysis of the acid contents in the roots and leaves of 9 Salix taxa growing on two experimental areas, differing in their concentrations of copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in the soil (Area 1—low, Area 2—high concentration). The obtained results reveal a significant difference in the phytoextraction of the tested Salix taxa for the analysed metals in both areas. The highest contents of Cu, Pb and Zn were observed for all Salix collected from Area 2, especially in S. × smithiana roots (116 ± 8.76, 87.84 ± 7.30 and 203.42 ± 14.62 mg kg−1 DW, respectively). The results obtained in Area 2 also revealed acidification of the rhizosphere and a higher concentration of acids, mainly oxalic, malic, malonic, acetic and citric acids. Contents of oxalic, malic, acetic and citric acids increased in the roots of Salix taxa from Area 2, while in the leaves formic and succinic acids were also present. S. × smithiana was the taxon with the highest concentration of acids in the rhizosphere and roots (73.48 ± 6.77 and 49.79 ± 2.65 μM 100 g−1 DW, respectively), while in leaves a higher content was observed for S. alba and S. viminalis ‘PR’ taxa (78.12 ± 3.95 and 71.12 ± 3.75 μM 100 g−1 DW, respectively).
Z. Magdziak; Mirosław Mleczek; Pawel Rutkowski; Piotr Goliński. Diversity of low-molecular weight organic acids synthesized by Salix growing in soils characterized by different Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 2017, 39, 137 .
AMA StyleZ. Magdziak, Mirosław Mleczek, Pawel Rutkowski, Piotr Goliński. Diversity of low-molecular weight organic acids synthesized by Salix growing in soils characterized by different Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 2017; 39 (6):137.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZ. Magdziak; Mirosław Mleczek; Pawel Rutkowski; Piotr Goliński. 2017. "Diversity of low-molecular weight organic acids synthesized by Salix growing in soils characterized by different Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations." Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 39, no. 6: 137.
Sylwia Budzyńska; Mirosław Mleczek; Piotr Goliński; Paweł Rutkowski; Przemyslaw Niedzielski. The influence of As forms in substrate on the phytoextraction of this metalloid in Ulmus laevis Pall organs – Pot experiment. Microchemical Journal 2017, 132, 333 -340.
AMA StyleSylwia Budzyńska, Mirosław Mleczek, Piotr Goliński, Paweł Rutkowski, Przemyslaw Niedzielski. The influence of As forms in substrate on the phytoextraction of this metalloid in Ulmus laevis Pall organs – Pot experiment. Microchemical Journal. 2017; 132 ():333-340.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSylwia Budzyńska; Mirosław Mleczek; Piotr Goliński; Paweł Rutkowski; Przemyslaw Niedzielski. 2017. "The influence of As forms in substrate on the phytoextraction of this metalloid in Ulmus laevis Pall organs – Pot experiment." Microchemical Journal 132, no. : 333-340.
The aim of the study was to estimate the efficiency of copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) phytoextraction by 145 Salix taxa cultivated in an area affected by industrial activity. Survivability and biomass of plants were also analyzed. The highest Cu, Pb and Zn content in shoots was 33.38 ± 2.91 (S. purpurea × viminalis 8), 24.64 ± 1.97 (S. fragilis 1) and 58.99 ± 4.30 (S. eriocephala 7) mg kg−1 dry weight, respectively. In the case of unwashed leaves, the highest content of these metals was 135.06 ± 8.14 (S. purpurea 26), 67.98 ± 5.27 (S. purpurea 45) and 142.56 ± 12.69 (S. alba × triandra 2) mg kg−1 dw, while in washed leaves it was 106.02 ± 11.12 (S. purpurea 45), 55.06 ± 5.75 (S. purpurea 45) and 122.87 ± 12.33 (S. alba × triandra 2) mg kg−1 dw, respectively. The differences between the highest and lowest values for Cu, Pb and Zn were 545%, 20500% and 535% in shoots; 2692%, 2560% and 7500% in unwashed leaves; and 3286%, 2221% and 6950% in washed leaves, respectively. S. acutifolia was able to effectively accumulate all three metals jointly, producing shoots that were well developed in both length and diameter when compared with the other tested willows—an ability that would suggest its high suitability for practical application.
Mirosław Mleczek; Paweł Rutkowski; Piotr Goliński; Zygmunt Kaczmarek; Kinga Szentner; Bogusława Waliszewska; Mariusz Stolarski; Stefan Szczukowski. Biological diversity of Salix taxa in Cu, Pb and Zn phytoextraction from soil. International Journal of Phytoremediation 2016, 19, 121 -132.
AMA StyleMirosław Mleczek, Paweł Rutkowski, Piotr Goliński, Zygmunt Kaczmarek, Kinga Szentner, Bogusława Waliszewska, Mariusz Stolarski, Stefan Szczukowski. Biological diversity of Salix taxa in Cu, Pb and Zn phytoextraction from soil. International Journal of Phytoremediation. 2016; 19 (2):121-132.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirosław Mleczek; Paweł Rutkowski; Piotr Goliński; Zygmunt Kaczmarek; Kinga Szentner; Bogusława Waliszewska; Mariusz Stolarski; Stefan Szczukowski. 2016. "Biological diversity of Salix taxa in Cu, Pb and Zn phytoextraction from soil." International Journal of Phytoremediation 19, no. 2: 121-132.
Paweł Rutkowski; Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy W Poznaniu Katedra Siedliskoznawstwa I Ekologii Lasu; Tomasz Wajsowicz; Irmina Maciejewska-Rutkowska; Mirosław Nowiński; Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu Katedra Botaniki Leśnej. Forest soils of the Gardnieńsko-Łebska Spit on the background of some Polish inland dunes in the context of forest natural regeneration. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria 2015, 15, 313 -324.
AMA StylePaweł Rutkowski, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy W Poznaniu Katedra Siedliskoznawstwa I Ekologii Lasu, Tomasz Wajsowicz, Irmina Maciejewska-Rutkowska, Mirosław Nowiński, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu Katedra Botaniki Leśnej. Forest soils of the Gardnieńsko-Łebska Spit on the background of some Polish inland dunes in the context of forest natural regeneration. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria. 2015; 15 (4):313-324.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaweł Rutkowski; Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy W Poznaniu Katedra Siedliskoznawstwa I Ekologii Lasu; Tomasz Wajsowicz; Irmina Maciejewska-Rutkowska; Mirosław Nowiński; Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu Katedra Botaniki Leśnej. 2015. "Forest soils of the Gardnieńsko-Łebska Spit on the background of some Polish inland dunes in the context of forest natural regeneration." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria 15, no. 4: 313-324.