This article is focused on the calibration of digital multimeters, in which the concept and practical solutions for stations with software for automatic calibration are presented. This paper also presents the general structure of the measuring system, the application scheme, and the technical implementation of measuring stations, together with the software.

For ships, the total loss of electrical power, ‘blackout’, is a critical failure. The failure of the marine power supply system not only results in loss of ability to perform tasks, but also poses a threat to human life and often to the environment. No less serious emergency is ‘partial blackout’, i.e. the loss of electricity in parts of the electrical system. Designers are introducing technical and system solutions to minimise the likelihood of power failure and to support its recovery in a timely manner. One of the methods to minimise the likelihood of power failure is to identify and then monitor diagnostic symptoms that are susceptible to approaching the failure of key components of the power system. This article discusses the use of recording and analysis of changes in voltages and excitation currents in parallel synchronous generators to determine the threshold above which their parallel operation can lead to an emergency power failure.

The paper presents results of the research project whose the main goal was to build a technology demonstrator of an electric supply system based on the PEM fuel cell. The electric supply system is dedicated to operation on a board of a submarine during emergency situations. The underwater conditions influence on a specific architecture of supply subsystems of the PEM fuel cell system. In this case the fuel cell stack is supplied by both clean hydrogen and clean oxygen stored in pressurized tanks. The hydrogen has to be delivered in a closed loop, while the oxygen can be delivered in a closed or an open loop. In the technology demonstrator, the supply of the fuel cell stack by the hydrogen in the closed loop and the oxygen in the open loop with a precise control of its flow were used

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells characterized the highest available current density of electricity, but their construction uses elements, which generate noise, vibration and requires the dissipation of heat. Emitting these physical fields into the environment from this type of power sources is a disadvantage due to the low detection requirements of military installations as well as operator safety. The paper presents the study of noise and vibration exposure users of 20 Watt PEM fuel cell users.

The paper presents a part of ongoing research into the use of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM-FC) to power military installations and personal power supply of soldier or rescuer. Construction of this type device use elements, which generate vibration, noise and heat. Emitting these types of pollution worsens the detection of military installations as well as operator’s safety. The presented research includes the assessment of noise and vibration hazards generated by 20 Watt PEM-FC personal power supply which was created by Polish Naval Academy in consortium with Central Laboratory of Batteries and Cells in Poznan and Impact Clean Power Technology S.A. in Warsaw. Measurements of noise and vibration levels were performed in an anechoic chamber at AGH University of Science and Technology during nominal operation of the device. The vibration parameters transferred to external cover as well sound power level and the insulation effectiveness of device cover were determined.

The paper presents issues related to the operational safety of lithium-based batteries on vessels. In the first part of the paper the regulations of the Polish Register of Shipping (PRS), regarding the requirements for the batteries on a vessel are analysed. The next section presents the risks related to the use of lithium-based electric energy storage technology. The last part discusses the principles to be adopted during operation of lithium batteries to minimize the risk of threats.