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Prof. Michael A. Long
Oklahoma State University

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0 Environmental Sociology
0 Political Economy
0 food insecurity
0 green criminology
0 corporate crime

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green criminology
food insecurity
Political Economy
Environmental Sociology
corporate crime

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Journal article
Published: 16 April 2021 in Public Health in Practice
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This paper reports results of an evaluation of 17 holiday clubs located throughout North East England that ran during the summer of 2017, designed to reduced summertime food insecurity. Questionnaire administed to parents/caregivers of children who attended a holiday club. Ordinary Least Squares regression models were used to predict Warwick-Edinburg Mental Wellbeing scale scores measuring parental mental wellbeing. We find that after a summer of attending a holiday club, the most important factor associated with higher parental wellbeing scores is the reduction in social isolation and increased relationships that the parent and their children build while children attend holiday clubs. Our results suggest that reducing social isolation for parents and families during summertime is a likely a latent function of holiday clubs. These are important findings in that the benefits of holiday club appear to extend beyond access to food and reductions in household food insecurity.

ACS Style

Michael A. Long; Paul B. Stretesky; Eilish Crilley; Zeb Sattar; Margaret Anne Defeyter. Examining the relationship between child holiday club attendance and parental mental wellbeing. Public Health in Practice 2021, 2, 100122 .

AMA Style

Michael A. Long, Paul B. Stretesky, Eilish Crilley, Zeb Sattar, Margaret Anne Defeyter. Examining the relationship between child holiday club attendance and parental mental wellbeing. Public Health in Practice. 2021; 2 ():100122.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael A. Long; Paul B. Stretesky; Eilish Crilley; Zeb Sattar; Margaret Anne Defeyter. 2021. "Examining the relationship between child holiday club attendance and parental mental wellbeing." Public Health in Practice 2, no. : 100122.

Editorial
Published: 02 January 2021 in The Sociological Quarterly
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ACS Style

Michael A. Long; Andrew S. Fullerton; Jonathan S. Coley. Letter from the New Editorial Team. The Sociological Quarterly 2021, 62, 1 -1.

AMA Style

Michael A. Long, Andrew S. Fullerton, Jonathan S. Coley. Letter from the New Editorial Team. The Sociological Quarterly. 2021; 62 (1):1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael A. Long; Andrew S. Fullerton; Jonathan S. Coley. 2021. "Letter from the New Editorial Team." The Sociological Quarterly 62, no. 1: 1-1.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2020 in Sustainability
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Few studies examine the distribution of food insecurity in advanced capitalist nations. This research investigates cross-national food insecurity in the world’s largest economies by estimating the impact of welfare spending and income inequality on food availability (measured by the FAO’s Dietary Energy and Protein Supply indicators) and food accessibility (measured by the Food Insecurity Experience Scale) in 36 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries between the years of 2000 and 2018. Using a series of regression models on panel and cross-sectional data this research found that increases in state spending on social and health care are associated with (1) increases in food availability and (2) increases in food access. However, the findings also suggest that increases in food supplies do not produce more food security. Thus, for the OECD countries in this analysis, food availability is unrelated to food accessibility. We conclude by suggesting that high income countries that seek to promote global health should not only focus their efforts on poverty reduction polices that increase food accessibility within their own boarders, but must simultaneously ensure a more equitable global distribution of food.

ACS Style

Belal Hossain; Michael Long; Paul Stretesky. Welfare State Spending, Income Inequality and Food Insecurity in Affluent Nations: A Cross-National Examination of OECD Countries. Sustainability 2020, 13, 324 .

AMA Style

Belal Hossain, Michael Long, Paul Stretesky. Welfare State Spending, Income Inequality and Food Insecurity in Affluent Nations: A Cross-National Examination of OECD Countries. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):324.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Belal Hossain; Michael Long; Paul Stretesky. 2020. "Welfare State Spending, Income Inequality and Food Insecurity in Affluent Nations: A Cross-National Examination of OECD Countries." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 324.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2020 in Social Science & Medicine
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There is a small but growing body of literature on litigation- and compensation-related stress after disasters. Results of these studies are consistent and unsurprising: compensation processes are a source of stress to plaintiffs and their families. “Litigation Response Syndrome”—anxiety, stress, and depression—is common among those exposed to the pressures of litigation (Lees-Haley 1988). However, little is known about how compensation processes—claims, litigation, and settlements—affect communities at large. Building on prior research, we examine adverse impacts of compensation processes in Roane County, Tennessee five years following the Tennessee Valley Authority coal ash spill. We investigate whether compensation-related stress occurs at a community level, as well as avoidance behaviors as measured by the Impact of Event Scale. Based on data from a 2014 household mail survey of a random sample of 716 residents of Roane County, we examine the relationship between compensation processes and event-related avoidance behaviors. We found that compensation-related stress is not limited to those directly involved with compensation processes. Respondents view these processes as adversely impacting the community at large. The strongest contributors to event-related avoidance behaviors are beliefs about adverse compensation impacts and the effectiveness of cleanup and restoration activities, socioeconomic status, and economic resource loss. Therefore, it appears that Litigation Response Syndrome can extend to some members of the community who were not directly involved in litigation and compensation processes.

ACS Style

Liesel A. Ritchie; Michael A. Long. Psychosocial impacts of post-disaster compensation processes: Community-wide avoidance behaviors. Social Science & Medicine 2020, 270, 113640 .

AMA Style

Liesel A. Ritchie, Michael A. Long. Psychosocial impacts of post-disaster compensation processes: Community-wide avoidance behaviors. Social Science & Medicine. 2020; 270 ():113640.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liesel A. Ritchie; Michael A. Long. 2020. "Psychosocial impacts of post-disaster compensation processes: Community-wide avoidance behaviors." Social Science & Medicine 270, no. : 113640.

Journal article
Published: 14 July 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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This research examines psychosocial stress associated with shale gas development through the narratives of residents and the Revised Impact of Event Scale (IES-R). We carried out our research in three of England’s communities impacted by shale gas development. To gather data, we conducted qualitative interviews and engaged in participant observation in all three communities and conducted a quantitative survey of residents. From our qualitative interviews it was apparent that the residents we spoke with experienced significant levels of stress associated with shale gas development in each community. Importantly, residents reported that stress was not only a reaction to development, but a consequence of interacting with industry and decision makers. Our quantitative findings suggest that a significant portion of residents 14.1% living near the shale gas sites reported high levels of stress (i.e., scoring 24 or more points) even while the mean IES-R score of residents living around the site is relatively low (i.e., 9.6; 95% CI 7.5–11.7). We conclude that the experiences, of the three English communities, reported in the qualitative interviews and quantitative survey are consistent with the reports of stress in the United States for those residents who live in shale gas communities. We therefore suggest that psychosocial stress is an important negative externality, which needs to be taken seriously by local planning officers and local planning committees when considering exploration and development permits for shale gas.

ACS Style

Feizel Aryee; Anna Szolucha; Paul B. Stretesky; Damien Short; Michael A. Long; Liesel A. Ritchie; Duane A. Gill. Shale Gas Development and Community Distress: Evidence from England. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 5069 .

AMA Style

Feizel Aryee, Anna Szolucha, Paul B. Stretesky, Damien Short, Michael A. Long, Liesel A. Ritchie, Duane A. Gill. Shale Gas Development and Community Distress: Evidence from England. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (14):5069.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Feizel Aryee; Anna Szolucha; Paul B. Stretesky; Damien Short; Michael A. Long; Liesel A. Ritchie; Duane A. Gill. 2020. "Shale Gas Development and Community Distress: Evidence from England." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14: 5069.

Articles
Published: 29 May 2020 in Journal of Genocide Research
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Following the lead of researchers in other disciplines, a handful of state and corporate crime, and green criminological researchers have addressed crimes such as genocide and ecocide. Criminologists have drawn attention to the intersection of state and corporate crimes (i.e. state-corporate crime), and illustrated how state and corporate crimes victimized, among other groups and other places, citizens of African nations. More recently, criminologists, particularly green criminologists, have begun to examine the connection between genocide and ecocide, or how the human destruction of ecosystems and people are inter-related, and reflect features of state-corporate crime. The current study examines these issues and extends that discussion by describing how the intersection of genocide-ecocide can be linked to treadmill of production arguments and related approaches in environmental sociology. Specifically, we suggest that the ecocide-genocide nexus is useful for understanding how the destruction of people and ecosystems by states and corporations intersect throughout the history of capitalism, with evidence that many contemporary genocides are driven by ecocide and efforts to expand raw material resource withdrawals controlled by the capitalist treadmill of production. This perspective is then applied to the case of Nigeria to illustrate how the oil-related treadmill of production and the history of governance in Nigeria facilitated eco-genocide, or the genocide of Native Nigerians through ecological destruction over the past half century. Our argument links concepts and theory from environmental sociology, state-corporate crime research, green criminology, ecological Marxism, human rights scholarship and various other literatures addressing ecocide and genocide. We describe how the capitalist treadmill of production, as a specific phase in the history of capitalism, continues the historical tendencies toward ecocide-genocide generated by colonial capitalism, and how the interaction between state and corporate behaviour facilitates expanded production and profit making through accelerated rates of ecological withdrawal which then promotes ecologically induced genocide.

ACS Style

Michael J. Lynch; Averi Fegadel; Michael A. Long. Green Criminology and State-Corporate Crime: The Ecocide-Genocide Nexus with Examples from Nigeria. Journal of Genocide Research 2020, 23, 236 -256.

AMA Style

Michael J. Lynch, Averi Fegadel, Michael A. Long. Green Criminology and State-Corporate Crime: The Ecocide-Genocide Nexus with Examples from Nigeria. Journal of Genocide Research. 2020; 23 (2):236-256.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael J. Lynch; Averi Fegadel; Michael A. Long. 2020. "Green Criminology and State-Corporate Crime: The Ecocide-Genocide Nexus with Examples from Nigeria." Journal of Genocide Research 23, no. 2: 236-256.

Journal article
Published: 19 May 2020 in Sustainability
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Summer is a stressful time of year for many parents as they struggle to meet household expenses and feed children. The aim of the present study is to determine if there is an association between summertime food insecurity (i.e., holiday hunger) and parental stress among a sample of UK parents with school age children living in North East England. A cross-sectional sample of (n = 252) parents are analyzed using holiday hunger as the independent variable and a subjective measure of stress that treats summer as a ‘stressful event’ as the dependent variable. Of the parents in the sample, 64.8% reported at least some level of holiday hunger. We find parents facing any holiday hunger scored substantively higher on the overall 75-point Impact of Event Scale (mean difference = 30.4, 95% confidence interval ((CI) 24.2–36.6), the 35-point intrusion subscale (13.7, 95% CI 10.8–16.5), and the 40-point avoidance subscale (16.7, 95% CI 13.3–20.2). These findings are replicated in a regression analysis. In addition, we find that holiday hunger partially mediates the association between economic hardship (i.e., unemployment and poverty) and parental stress. We conclude by suggesting that government policies addressing economic hardship are not only likely to reduce holiday hunger, but also improve mental wellbeing.

ACS Style

Paul B. Stretesky; Margaret Anne Defeyter; Michael A. Long; Liesel A. Ritchie; Duane A. Gill. Holiday Hunger and Parental Stress: Evidence from North East England. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4141 .

AMA Style

Paul B. Stretesky, Margaret Anne Defeyter, Michael A. Long, Liesel A. Ritchie, Duane A. Gill. Holiday Hunger and Parental Stress: Evidence from North East England. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (10):4141.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paul B. Stretesky; Margaret Anne Defeyter; Michael A. Long; Liesel A. Ritchie; Duane A. Gill. 2020. "Holiday Hunger and Parental Stress: Evidence from North East England." Sustainability 12, no. 10: 4141.

Review
Published: 01 May 2020 in Sustainability
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Food insecurity is a substantial problem in nearly every advanced capitalist nation, with sizable portions of residents in many affluent countries struggling to eat healthily every day. Over time, a very large literature has developed that documents food insecurity, evaluates programs meant to reduce that insecurity, and proposes solutions to attenuate the problem. The purpose of the current review is to provide a very broad overview of the food insecurity literature, including definitions, measurement, areas of study, and impacts on health. Importantly, this review suggests there are two major causes of food insecurity in the advanced nations: economic inequality and neoliberalism. The food insecurity literature suggests that diminished government responsibility in advanced capitalist nations corresponds to an increase in feeding programs run by non-profit and charitable organizations. This review concludes by suggesting that, while a massive amount of research on food insecurity currently exists, more research is still needed to address gaps in the literature when it comes to significant events, coping strategies and disadvantaged populations.

ACS Style

Michael A. Long; Lara Gonçalves; Paul B. Stretesky; Margaret Anne Defeyter. Food Insecurity in Advanced Capitalist Nations: A Review. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3654 .

AMA Style

Michael A. Long, Lara Gonçalves, Paul B. Stretesky, Margaret Anne Defeyter. Food Insecurity in Advanced Capitalist Nations: A Review. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3654.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael A. Long; Lara Gonçalves; Paul B. Stretesky; Margaret Anne Defeyter. 2020. "Food Insecurity in Advanced Capitalist Nations: A Review." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3654.

Research article
Published: 21 January 2020 in Punishment & Society
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Recent research has highlighted numerous environmental concerns with US prisons, including that prisons are often located on undesirable land that is in close proximity to environmental hazards. We utilize an environmental justice and green criminology perspective to test this in Oklahoma using data on prison sites and toxic releases provided by the US Environmental Protection Agency for a period of seven years (2011–2017). We focus on Oklahoma because it recently became the state with the highest overall incarceration rate and has a history of elevated levels of pollution. Our results find that prison zip codes have greater TRI emissions compared to non-prison zip codes. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of the study and directions for future research.

ACS Style

Maggie Leon-Corwin; Jericho R McElroy; Michelle L Estes; Jon Lewis; Michael Long. Polluting our prisons? An examination of Oklahoma prison locations and toxic releases, 2011–2017. Punishment & Society 2020, 22, 413 -438.

AMA Style

Maggie Leon-Corwin, Jericho R McElroy, Michelle L Estes, Jon Lewis, Michael Long. Polluting our prisons? An examination of Oklahoma prison locations and toxic releases, 2011–2017. Punishment & Society. 2020; 22 (4):413-438.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maggie Leon-Corwin; Jericho R McElroy; Michelle L Estes; Jon Lewis; Michael Long. 2020. "Polluting our prisons? An examination of Oklahoma prison locations and toxic releases, 2011–2017." Punishment & Society 22, no. 4: 413-438.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in Weather, Climate, and Society
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It has been argued that the temperature increase caused by anthropogenic climate change will produce a significant increase in violent crime. Support for that prediction is often based on statistical analyses of seasonal temperature and crime data cycles across days, months, and quarters and sometimes on large geographic areas. Within-year temperature changes are very large, however, relative to the 30-yr temperature increases employed to measure climate change. In addition, because temperature trends associated with climate change vary geographically, analyses should employ small geographic units for which temperature changes are measured over yearly intervals and for long periods of time. To address these conditions, this study examined the long-term temperature–crime association for homicides in New York and London for 1895–2015. Consistent with previous studies examining seasonal weather and crime patterns, we found a positive correlation between annual homicide rates and temperature, but only at the bivariate level. This relationship became statistically insignificant in both New York and London when gross domestic product is controlled. Moreover, the bivariate relationship between temperature and homicide is statistically insignificant when correcting for nonstationarity. Thus, it does not appear that climate change has led to higher rates of homicide in New York and London over the long term. These nonfindings are important because they suggest that studies of climate change and violence might do well to consider alternative mechanisms that mediate the relationship between climate change and violence.

ACS Style

Michael J. Lynch; Paul B. Stretesky; Michael A. Long. Climate Change, Temperature, and Homicide: A Tale of Two Cities, 1895–2015. Weather, Climate, and Society 2020, 12, 171 -181.

AMA Style

Michael J. Lynch, Paul B. Stretesky, Michael A. Long. Climate Change, Temperature, and Homicide: A Tale of Two Cities, 1895–2015. Weather, Climate, and Society. 2020; 12 (1):171-181.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael J. Lynch; Paul B. Stretesky; Michael A. Long. 2020. "Climate Change, Temperature, and Homicide: A Tale of Two Cities, 1895–2015." Weather, Climate, and Society 12, no. 1: 171-181.

Journal article
Published: 06 September 2019 in Energy Research & Social Science
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Research demonstrates that opinions about global warming and induced seismicity, earthquakes caused by human activity, are influenced by political party affiliation and ideology more than by education. Republicans and conservatives typically express less concern about environmental issues. One mechanism for how these factors shape opinion is through elite cues, wherein the prominent cultural, economic, and political voices associated with the major U.S. political parties provide guideposts that laypeople may use to form their opinions, particularly for complex social issues. Using two waves (n = 2586 and n = 2581) from a statewide survey in Oklahoma (USA), we explore the effects of political party affiliation, ideology, and education on residents’ opinions about the causes of and risk associated with these phenomena using Ordinary Least Squares and binary logistic regression equations. We examine whether these factors have a larger impact on opinions about global warming or induced seismicity using seemingly unrelated regression for the OLS equations and seemingly unrelated estimation for the binary logistic equations. These methods allow a global warming model to be estimated simultaneously with an earthquake model using the same independent variables. Consistent with other research, we found strong evidence that Republicans and conservatives perceive less risk from global warming and earthquakes than Democrats and liberals. However, the moderating effect of education on these environmental beliefs was not significant. The effects of political party affiliation and ideology were stronger for the opinions about global warming, which we hypothesize may be explained by the concept of psychological distance. This is an area for further research.

ACS Style

Benjamin J. Gray; Michael Long; Duane A. Gill; Riley E. Dunlap; Adam M. Straub. Politics, climate change, and earthquakes: Public perceptions of oil and gas impacts in Oklahoma. Energy Research & Social Science 2019, 58, 101251 .

AMA Style

Benjamin J. Gray, Michael Long, Duane A. Gill, Riley E. Dunlap, Adam M. Straub. Politics, climate change, and earthquakes: Public perceptions of oil and gas impacts in Oklahoma. Energy Research & Social Science. 2019; 58 ():101251.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benjamin J. Gray; Michael Long; Duane A. Gill; Riley E. Dunlap; Adam M. Straub. 2019. "Politics, climate change, and earthquakes: Public perceptions of oil and gas impacts in Oklahoma." Energy Research & Social Science 58, no. : 101251.

Journal article
Published: 13 August 2019 in Environmental Hazards
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ACS Style

Liesel Ritchie; Duane A. Gill; Michael Long. Factors influencing stress response avoidance behaviors following technological disasters: A case study of the 2008 TVA coal ash spill. Environmental Hazards 2019, 19, 442 -462.

AMA Style

Liesel Ritchie, Duane A. Gill, Michael Long. Factors influencing stress response avoidance behaviors following technological disasters: A case study of the 2008 TVA coal ash spill. Environmental Hazards. 2019; 19 (5):442-462.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liesel Ritchie; Duane A. Gill; Michael Long. 2019. "Factors influencing stress response avoidance behaviors following technological disasters: A case study of the 2008 TVA coal ash spill." Environmental Hazards 19, no. 5: 442-462.

Articles
Published: 13 May 2019 in International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice
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Despite increased interest in environmental crime and green criminology, few studies address the use of criminal penalties in response to environmental crimes. A handful of published examples employ data from the United States or the Flanders court system, and little is known about how other nations punish environmental violations. Addressing this issue, the current study examined the use of criminal environmental penalties in Ireland from 2004 to 2014. Few criminal environmental cases (N = 147) and few environmental offenders (N = 154) were represented in these data over time. Consistent with the expectations of green/environmental crime researchers, mean penalties for environmental violations, which in Ireland only include fines and investigative cost recovery penalties, were rather small. Unlike in the US or Flanders, the majority of offenders were corporate offenders as opposed to individuals. Contextual factors related to Ireland’s economy, history and use of criminal sanctions should be used to interpret these factors, and prevent generalising from these data.

ACS Style

Michael J. Lynch; Paul B. Stretesky; Michael Long. Environmental crime prosecutions in Ireland, 2004–2014. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 2019, 43, 277 -293.

AMA Style

Michael J. Lynch, Paul B. Stretesky, Michael Long. Environmental crime prosecutions in Ireland, 2004–2014. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice. 2019; 43 (4):277-293.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael J. Lynch; Paul B. Stretesky; Michael Long. 2019. "Environmental crime prosecutions in Ireland, 2004–2014." International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 43, no. 4: 277-293.

Research article
Published: 11 April 2019 in Social Currents
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Ecological disorganization stemming from conspicuous consumption practices is understudied in the social sciences. In this analysis, we study conspicuous consumption and its implications for environmental sociology, ecological footprint analysis, and green criminology. We examine the issue of conspicuous consumption through the study of items that increase the ecological footprint considerably, that is, through the consumption of “luxury commodities.” Specifically, we draw attention to assessing aspects of ecological footprints of super yachts, super homes, luxury vehicles, and private jets. Taken together, the construction and use of these items in the United States alone is likely to create a CO2 footprint that exceeds those from entire nations. These results are not necessarily surprising but suggest that excessive consumption practices of the wealthy may need to be reinterpreted as criminal when they disrupt the normal regeneration and reproduction of ecosystems by generating excessive ecological disorganization.

ACS Style

Michael J. Lynch; Michael Long; Paul B. Stretesky; Kimberly L. Barrett. Measuring the Ecological Impact of the Wealthy: Excessive Consumption, Ecological Disorganization, Green Crime, and Justice. Social Currents 2019, 6, 377 -395.

AMA Style

Michael J. Lynch, Michael Long, Paul B. Stretesky, Kimberly L. Barrett. Measuring the Ecological Impact of the Wealthy: Excessive Consumption, Ecological Disorganization, Green Crime, and Justice. Social Currents. 2019; 6 (4):377-395.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael J. Lynch; Michael Long; Paul B. Stretesky; Kimberly L. Barrett. 2019. "Measuring the Ecological Impact of the Wealthy: Excessive Consumption, Ecological Disorganization, Green Crime, and Justice." Social Currents 6, no. 4: 377-395.

Articles
Published: 20 November 2018 in Capitalism Nature Socialism
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Treadmill of production (ToP) arguments have significant implications for the study of environmental crime. A current limitation of those arguments involves their application to environmental law and its enforcement. We argue that a treadmill of law (ToL) shapes and maintains production through lawmaking and enforcement practices, issues that have yet to receive significant attention in the ToP literature. To illustrate the connection between the ToL and ToP and to facilitate political economic analysis of this connection, we make and discuss three propositions. In particular, we suggest that the ToL will (1) oppose the enhancement of environmental regulation through acts of state corporate crime, if necessary; (2) fail to enforce criminal laws in ways that would alter production practices; and (3) define intense opposition to ToP interests and actors as criminal.

ACS Style

Michael J. Lynch; Paul B. Stretesky; Michael A. Long. The Treadmill of Production and the Treadmill of Law: Propositions for Analyzing Law, Ecological Disorganization and Crime. Capitalism Nature Socialism 2018, 31, 107 -122.

AMA Style

Michael J. Lynch, Paul B. Stretesky, Michael A. Long. The Treadmill of Production and the Treadmill of Law: Propositions for Analyzing Law, Ecological Disorganization and Crime. Capitalism Nature Socialism. 2018; 31 (1):107-122.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael J. Lynch; Paul B. Stretesky; Michael A. Long. 2018. "The Treadmill of Production and the Treadmill of Law: Propositions for Analyzing Law, Ecological Disorganization and Crime." Capitalism Nature Socialism 31, no. 1: 107-122.

Articles
Published: 07 September 2018 in Local Environment
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In response to the problem of holiday hunger, hundreds of local “holiday clubs” have recently been established across the UK. This research examines the spatial relationship between income, childhood deprivation, ethnicity and holiday clubs across 32,844 Lower Super Output Areas (LSOAs) in England to determine if these clubs are currently operating in an inclusive fashion. Data on the location of holiday clubs comes from a national survey. Binary logistic regression results suggest that holiday clubs are likely to operate in economically disadvantaged areas. At the same time, clubs are not distributed equally by ethnicity. That is, holiday clubs operated by voluntary organisations are more likely to be situated in LSOAs that are disproportionately white and English\British and less likely to be situated in LSOAs that are disproportionately ethnic minority. This finding has important implications for the pursuit of holiday clubs as a policy mechanism for addressing access to food in light of the state’s failure to adequately feed all of the country’s children.

ACS Style

Emily Mann; Michael A. Long; Paul B. Stretesky; Margaret Anne DeFeyter. A question of justice: are holiday clubs serving the most deprived communities in England? Local Environment 2018, 23, 1008 -1022.

AMA Style

Emily Mann, Michael A. Long, Paul B. Stretesky, Margaret Anne DeFeyter. A question of justice: are holiday clubs serving the most deprived communities in England? Local Environment. 2018; 23 (10):1008-1022.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emily Mann; Michael A. Long; Paul B. Stretesky; Margaret Anne DeFeyter. 2018. "A question of justice: are holiday clubs serving the most deprived communities in England?" Local Environment 23, no. 10: 1008-1022.

Journal article
Published: 30 August 2018 in Theoretical Criminology
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During the development of green criminology, little attention has been paid to how Indigenous/Native Peoples (INP) are victimized by green crime and how they employ environmental activism to resist externally imposed ecological destruction. In the past decade, news services and environmental interest groups have reported on the killing of INP environmental activists who have resisted ecological destruction across the world. Here, we begin to develop a green criminological view of INP victimization and resistance to ecological destruction within the context of the global capitalist treadmill of production, while drawing upon concepts of colonization, imperialism, genocide and ecocide. Our analysis suggests that in the contemporary capitalist world system, expansion of the treadmill of production’s ecological withdrawal process (i.e. the withdrawal of raw materials used in production) not only accelerates ecological disorganization in developing/underdeveloped nations, but may be harmful in nations where INP are dependent on access to nature for survival.

ACS Style

Michael J Lynch; Paul B Stretesky; Michael A Long. Green criminology and native peoples: The treadmill of production and the killing of indigenous environmental activists. Theoretical Criminology 2018, 22, 318 -341.

AMA Style

Michael J Lynch, Paul B Stretesky, Michael A Long. Green criminology and native peoples: The treadmill of production and the killing of indigenous environmental activists. Theoretical Criminology. 2018; 22 (3):318-341.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael J Lynch; Paul B Stretesky; Michael A Long. 2018. "Green criminology and native peoples: The treadmill of production and the killing of indigenous environmental activists." Theoretical Criminology 22, no. 3: 318-341.

Review
Published: 20 August 2018 in The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
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Situational crime prevention theory suggests the need for innovative, non-criminal-justice polices to control crime, but that approach has not been widely employed by criminologists addressing the control of environmental crime. Numerous examples of innovative environmental social control practices can be found outside of the criminological literature; but within criminology, such studies have most often been undertaken by conservation criminologists, while green criminologists have undertaken empirical studies illustrating the ineffectiveness of traditional, punitive responses to environmental crime. Here, we briefly review the use of situational crime prevention theory and research by conservation criminologists and provide examples of environmental social control policies used by various nations that are consistent with situational crime prevention arguments. We also note that research and theory in other disciplines suggest that crime is produced by larger structural economic forces, indicating that situational crime prevention alone is likely not sufficient to control environmental crime.

ACS Style

Michael J. Lynch; Paul B. Stretesky; Michael A. Long. Situational Crime Prevention and the Ecological Regulation of Green Crime: A Review and Discussion. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 2018, 679, 178 -196.

AMA Style

Michael J. Lynch, Paul B. Stretesky, Michael A. Long. Situational Crime Prevention and the Ecological Regulation of Green Crime: A Review and Discussion. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 2018; 679 (1):178-196.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael J. Lynch; Paul B. Stretesky; Michael A. Long. 2018. "Situational Crime Prevention and the Ecological Regulation of Green Crime: A Review and Discussion." The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 679, no. 1: 178-196.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2018 in The Extractive Industries and Society
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There is a renewed interest in expanding domestic oil and gas development in the United Kingdom (UK). However, the potential social consequences of this expansion are still unknown. Thus, the current study assesses whether the number of spudded oil and gas wells are correlated with violent and property crime rates within 69 local authorities between 2004 and 2015 (n = 828). Fixed effects regression analyses indicate that wells are positively correlated with violent crime rates. That is, each additional well is associated with a 1.5% increase in violent crime. When the analysis is limited to those local authorities that have constructed the most wells, the correlation between wells and crime increases as the boomtown literature might suggest. In particular, each additional well is associated with a 4.9% increase in violent crime and a 4.9% increase in property crime. We conclude by pointing out that this study stands as the first to empirically examine the relationship between oil and gas development and crime within UK local authorities over time and suggest that results have important implications for crime, social disorganisation and environmental justice.

ACS Style

Paul B. Stretesky; Michael A. Long; Ruth E. McKie; Feizel A. Aryee. Does oil and gas development increase crime within UK local authorities? The Extractive Industries and Society 2018, 5, 356 -365.

AMA Style

Paul B. Stretesky, Michael A. Long, Ruth E. McKie, Feizel A. Aryee. Does oil and gas development increase crime within UK local authorities? The Extractive Industries and Society. 2018; 5 (3):356-365.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paul B. Stretesky; Michael A. Long; Ruth E. McKie; Feizel A. Aryee. 2018. "Does oil and gas development increase crime within UK local authorities?" The Extractive Industries and Society 5, no. 3: 356-365.

Book chapter
Published: 09 May 2018 in A Handbook of Food Crime
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This chapter focuses on food waste and the lack of national and international regulations to reduce food waste. First, a history and overview of social science scholarship on food waste is presented. Next, the numerous ethical, social and ecological consequences of food waste are reviewed and it is argued that the current level of food waste and its non-regulation can be considered criminal. Potential responses to the food waste problem are then discussed, focusing on reclaiming waste as food and technocratic measures that turn food waste into energy. The chapter then notes that while these technocratic measures are helpful in reducing some amount of food waste, meaningful reductions in food waste will not occur without changes to neoliberal global capitalism.

ACS Style

Michael A. Long; Michael J. Lynch. Food waste (non)regulation. A Handbook of Food Crime 2018, 331 -346.

AMA Style

Michael A. Long, Michael J. Lynch. Food waste (non)regulation. A Handbook of Food Crime. 2018; ():331-346.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael A. Long; Michael J. Lynch. 2018. "Food waste (non)regulation." A Handbook of Food Crime , no. : 331-346.