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The urgent need for effective, safe and equitably accessible vaccines to tackle the ongoing spread of COVID-19 led researchers to generate vaccine candidates targeting varieties of immunogens of SARS-CoV-2. Because of its crucial role in mediating binding and entry to host cell and its proven safety profile, the subunit 1 (S1) of the spike protein represents an attractive immunogen for vaccine development. Here, we developed and assessed the immunogenicity of a DNA vaccine encoding the SARS-CoV-2 S1. Following in vitro confirmation and characterization, the humoral and cellular immune responses of our vaccine candidate (pVAX-S1) was evaluated in BALB/c mice using two different doses, 25 µg and 50 µg. Our data showed high levels of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies in mice immunized with three doses of pVAX-S1. Analysis of the induced IgG subclasses showed a Th1-polarized immune response, as demonstrated by the significant elevation of spike-specific IgG2a and IgG2b, compared to IgG1. Furthermore, we found that the immunization of mice with three doses of 50 µg of pVAX-S1 could elicit significant memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. Taken together, our data indicate that pVAX-S1 is immunogenic and safe in mice and is worthy of further preclinical and clinical evaluation.
Khalid Alluhaybi; Rahaf Alharbi; Rowa Alhabbab; Najwa Aljehani; Sawsan Alamri; Mohammad Basabrain; Rehaf Alharbi; Wesam Abdulaal; Mohamed Alfaleh; Levi Tamming; Wanyue Zhang; Mazen Hassanain; Abdullah Algaissi; Adel Abuzenadah; Xuguang Li; Anwar Hashem. Cellular and Humoral Immunogenicity of a Candidate DNA Vaccine Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Subunit 1. Vaccines 2021, 9, 852 .
AMA StyleKhalid Alluhaybi, Rahaf Alharbi, Rowa Alhabbab, Najwa Aljehani, Sawsan Alamri, Mohammad Basabrain, Rehaf Alharbi, Wesam Abdulaal, Mohamed Alfaleh, Levi Tamming, Wanyue Zhang, Mazen Hassanain, Abdullah Algaissi, Adel Abuzenadah, Xuguang Li, Anwar Hashem. Cellular and Humoral Immunogenicity of a Candidate DNA Vaccine Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Subunit 1. Vaccines. 2021; 9 (8):852.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhalid Alluhaybi; Rahaf Alharbi; Rowa Alhabbab; Najwa Aljehani; Sawsan Alamri; Mohammad Basabrain; Rehaf Alharbi; Wesam Abdulaal; Mohamed Alfaleh; Levi Tamming; Wanyue Zhang; Mazen Hassanain; Abdullah Algaissi; Adel Abuzenadah; Xuguang Li; Anwar Hashem. 2021. "Cellular and Humoral Immunogenicity of a Candidate DNA Vaccine Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Subunit 1." Vaccines 9, no. 8: 852.
Oral health is a key contributor to a person’s overall health and well-being. Oral microbiota can pose a serious threat to oral health. Thus, the present study aimed to develop a cinnamon oil (CO)-loaded nanoemulsion gel (NEG1) to enhance the solubilization of oil within the oral cavity, which will enhance its antibacterial, antifungal, and analgesic actions against oral microbiota. For this purpose, the CO-loaded nanoemulsion (CO-NE) was optimized using I-optimal response surface design. A mixture of Pluracare L44 and PlurolOleique CC 497 was used as the surfactant and Capryol was used as the co-surfactant. The optimized CO-NE had a globule size of 92 ± 3 nm, stability index of 95% ± 2%, and a zone of inhibition of 23 ± 1.5 mm. This optimized CO-NE formulation was converted into NEG1 using 2.5% hydroxypropyl cellulose as the gelling agent. The rheological characterizations revealed that the NEG1 formulation exhibited pseudoplastic behavior. The in vitro release of eugenol (the marker molecule for CO) from NEG1 showed an enhanced release compared with that of pure CO. The ex vivo mucosal permeation was found to be highest for NEG1 compared to the aqueous dispersion of CO-NE and pure cinnamon oil. The latency reaction time during the hot-plate test in rats was highest (45 min) for the NEG1 sample at all-time points compared with those of the other tested formulations. The results showed that the CO-NEG formulation could be beneficial in enhancing the actions of CO against oral microbiota, as well as relieving pain and improving overall oral health.
Khaled Hosny; Rasha Khallaf; Hani Asfour; Waleed Rizg; Nabil Alhakamy; Amal Sindi; Hala Alkhalidi; Walaa Abualsunun; Rana Bakhaidar; Alshaimaa Almehmady; Wesam Abdulaal; Muhammed Bakhrebah; Mohammed Alsuabeyl; Ahmed K. Kammoun; Adel Alghaith; Sultan Alshehri. Development and Optimization of Cinnamon Oil Nanoemulgel for Enhancement of Solubility and Evaluation of Antibacterial, Antifungal and Analgesic Effects against Oral Microbiota. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 1008 .
AMA StyleKhaled Hosny, Rasha Khallaf, Hani Asfour, Waleed Rizg, Nabil Alhakamy, Amal Sindi, Hala Alkhalidi, Walaa Abualsunun, Rana Bakhaidar, Alshaimaa Almehmady, Wesam Abdulaal, Muhammed Bakhrebah, Mohammed Alsuabeyl, Ahmed K. Kammoun, Adel Alghaith, Sultan Alshehri. Development and Optimization of Cinnamon Oil Nanoemulgel for Enhancement of Solubility and Evaluation of Antibacterial, Antifungal and Analgesic Effects against Oral Microbiota. Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13 (7):1008.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhaled Hosny; Rasha Khallaf; Hani Asfour; Waleed Rizg; Nabil Alhakamy; Amal Sindi; Hala Alkhalidi; Walaa Abualsunun; Rana Bakhaidar; Alshaimaa Almehmady; Wesam Abdulaal; Muhammed Bakhrebah; Mohammed Alsuabeyl; Ahmed K. Kammoun; Adel Alghaith; Sultan Alshehri. 2021. "Development and Optimization of Cinnamon Oil Nanoemulgel for Enhancement of Solubility and Evaluation of Antibacterial, Antifungal and Analgesic Effects against Oral Microbiota." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 7: 1008.
Luliconazole is a new topical imidazole antifungal drug for the treatment of skin infections. It has low solubility and poor skin penetration which limits its therapeutic applications. In order to improve its therapeutic efficacy, spanlastics nanoformulation was developed and optimized using a combined mixture-process variable design (CMPV). The optimized formulation was converted into a hydrogel formula to enhance skin penetration and increase the efficacy in experimental cutaneous Candida albicans infections in Swiss mice wounds. The optimized formulation was generated at percentages of Span and Tween of 48% and 52%, respectively, and a sonication time of 6.6 min. The software predicted that the proposed formulation would achieve a particle size of 50 nm with a desirability of 0.997. The entrapment of luliconazole within the spanlastics carrier showed significant (p< 0.0001) antifungal efficacy in the immunocompromised Candida-infected Swiss mice without causing any irritation, when compared to the luliconazole treated groups. The microscopic observation showed almost complete removal of the fungal colonies on the skin of the infected animals (0.2 ± 0.05 log CFU), whereas the control animals had 0.2 ± 0.05 log CFU. Therefore, luliconazole spanlastics could be an effective formulation with improved topical delivery for antifungal activity against C. albicans.
Nabil Alhakamy; Mohammed Al-Rabia; Shadab; Alaa Sirwi; Selwan Khayat; Sahar AlOtaibi; Raghad Hakami; Hadeel Al Sadoun; Basmah Eldakhakhny; Wesam Abdulaal; Hibah Aldawsari; Shaimaa Badr-Eldin; Mahmoud Elfaky. Development and Optimization of Luliconazole Spanlastics to Augment the Antifungal Activity against Candida albicans. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 977 .
AMA StyleNabil Alhakamy, Mohammed Al-Rabia, Shadab, Alaa Sirwi, Selwan Khayat, Sahar AlOtaibi, Raghad Hakami, Hadeel Al Sadoun, Basmah Eldakhakhny, Wesam Abdulaal, Hibah Aldawsari, Shaimaa Badr-Eldin, Mahmoud Elfaky. Development and Optimization of Luliconazole Spanlastics to Augment the Antifungal Activity against Candida albicans. Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13 (7):977.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNabil Alhakamy; Mohammed Al-Rabia; Shadab; Alaa Sirwi; Selwan Khayat; Sahar AlOtaibi; Raghad Hakami; Hadeel Al Sadoun; Basmah Eldakhakhny; Wesam Abdulaal; Hibah Aldawsari; Shaimaa Badr-Eldin; Mahmoud Elfaky. 2021. "Development and Optimization of Luliconazole Spanlastics to Augment the Antifungal Activity against Candida albicans." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 7: 977.
The urgent need for effective, safe and equitably accessible vaccines to tackle the ongoing spread of COVID-19 led researchers to generate vaccine candidates targeting varieties of immunogens of SARS-CoV-2. Because of its crucial role in mediating binding and entry to host cell and its proven safety profile, the subunit 1 (S1) of the spike protein represents an attractive immunogen for vaccine development. Here, we developed and assessed the immunogenicity of a DNA vaccine encoding the SARS-CoV-2 S1. Following in vitro confirmation and characterization, the humoral and cellular immune responses of our vaccine candidate (pVAX-S1) was evaluated in BALB/c mice using two different doses, 25 µg and 50 µg. Our data showed high levels of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies in mice immunized with three doses of pVAX-S1. Analysis of the induced IgG subclasses showed a Th1-polarized immune response as demonstrated by the significant elevation of spike-specific IgG2a and IgG2b compared to IgG1. Furthermore, we found that immunization of mice with three doses of 50 µg of pVAX-S1 could elicit significant memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. Taken together, our data indicates that pVAX-S1 is immunogenic and safe in mice and is worthy of further preclinical and clinical evaluation.
Khalid A. Alluhaybi; Rahaf H. Alharbi; Rowa Y. Alhabbab; Najwa D Aljehani; Sawsan S. Alamri; Mohammad Basabrain; Rehaf Alharbi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Mohamed A. Alfaleh; Levi Tamming; Wanyue Zhang; Mazen Hassanain; Abdullah Algaissi; Adel M. Abuzenadah; Xuguang Li; Anwar M Hashem. Cellular and humoral immunogenicity of a candidate DNA Vaccine Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Subunit 1. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleKhalid A. Alluhaybi, Rahaf H. Alharbi, Rowa Y. Alhabbab, Najwa D Aljehani, Sawsan S. Alamri, Mohammad Basabrain, Rehaf Alharbi, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Mohamed A. Alfaleh, Levi Tamming, Wanyue Zhang, Mazen Hassanain, Abdullah Algaissi, Adel M. Abuzenadah, Xuguang Li, Anwar M Hashem. Cellular and humoral immunogenicity of a candidate DNA Vaccine Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Subunit 1. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhalid A. Alluhaybi; Rahaf H. Alharbi; Rowa Y. Alhabbab; Najwa D Aljehani; Sawsan S. Alamri; Mohammad Basabrain; Rehaf Alharbi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Mohamed A. Alfaleh; Levi Tamming; Wanyue Zhang; Mazen Hassanain; Abdullah Algaissi; Adel M. Abuzenadah; Xuguang Li; Anwar M Hashem. 2021. "Cellular and humoral immunogenicity of a candidate DNA Vaccine Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Subunit 1." , no. : 1.
The promising feature of the fungi from the marine environment as a source for anticancer agents belongs to the fungal ability to produce several compounds and enzymes which contribute effectively against the cancer cells growth. L-asparaginase acts by degrading the asparagine which is the main substance of cancer cells. Moreover, the compounds produced during the secondary metabolic process acts by changing the cell morphology and DNA fragmentation leading to apoptosis of the cancer cells. The current review has analyed the available information on the anticancer activity of the fungi based on the data extracted from the Scopus database. The systematic and bibliometric analysis revealed many of the properties available for the fungi to be the best candidate as a source of anticancer drugs. Doxorubicin, actinomycin, and flavonoids are among the primary chemical drug used for cancer treatment. In comparison, the most anticancer compounds producing fungi are Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus A. oryzae, A. flavus, A. versicolor, A. terreus, Penicillium citrinum, P. chrysogenum, and P. polonicum and have been used for investigating the anticancer activity against the uterine cervix, pancreatic cancer, ovary, breast, colon, and colorectal cancer.
Efaq Noman; Muhanna Al-Shaibani; Muhammed Bakhrebah; Reyad Almoheer; Mohammed Al-Sahari; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Radin Mohamed; Yaaser Almulaiky; Wesam Abdulaal. Potential of Anti-Cancer Activity of Secondary Metabolic Products from Marine Fungi. Journal of Fungi 2021, 7, 436 .
AMA StyleEfaq Noman, Muhanna Al-Shaibani, Muhammed Bakhrebah, Reyad Almoheer, Mohammed Al-Sahari, Adel Al-Gheethi, Radin Radin Mohamed, Yaaser Almulaiky, Wesam Abdulaal. Potential of Anti-Cancer Activity of Secondary Metabolic Products from Marine Fungi. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7 (6):436.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEfaq Noman; Muhanna Al-Shaibani; Muhammed Bakhrebah; Reyad Almoheer; Mohammed Al-Sahari; Adel Al-Gheethi; Radin Radin Mohamed; Yaaser Almulaiky; Wesam Abdulaal. 2021. "Potential of Anti-Cancer Activity of Secondary Metabolic Products from Marine Fungi." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 6: 436.
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to spread globally with significantly high morbidity and mortality rates. Antigen-specific responses are of unquestionable value for clinical management of COVID-19 patients. Here, we investigated the kinetics of IgM, IgG against the spike (S) and nucleoproteins (N) proteins and their neutralizing capabilities in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with different disease presentations (i.e., mild, moderate or severe), need for intensive care units (ICU) admission or outcomes (i.e., survival vs death). We show that SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG, IgM and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were readily detectable in almost all COVID-19 patients with various clinical presentations. Interestingly, significantly higher levels of nAbs as well as anti-S1 and -N IgG and IgM antibodies were found in patients with more severe symptoms, patients requiring admission to ICU or those with fatal outcomes. More importantly, early after symptoms onset, we found that the levels of anti-N antibodies correlated strongly with disease severity. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the kinetics of antibody responses in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity.
Anwar M. Hashem; Abdullah Algaissi; Sarah A. Almahboub; Mohamed A. Alfaleh; Turki S. Abujamel; Sawsan S. Alamri; Khalid A. Alluhaybi; Haya I. Hobani; Rahaf H. AlHarbi; Reem M. Alsulaiman; M-Zaki ElAssouli; Sharif Hala; Naif K. Alharbi; Rowa Y. Alhabbab; Ahdab A. AlSaieedi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Abdullah Bukhari; Afrah A. Al-Somali; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim A. Khogeer; Arnab Pain; Almohanad A. Alkayyal; Naif A. M. Almontashiri; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Xuguang Li. Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients. Viruses 2020, 12, 1390 .
AMA StyleAnwar M. Hashem, Abdullah Algaissi, Sarah A. Almahboub, Mohamed A. Alfaleh, Turki S. Abujamel, Sawsan S. Alamri, Khalid A. Alluhaybi, Haya I. Hobani, Rahaf H. AlHarbi, Reem M. Alsulaiman, M-Zaki ElAssouli, Sharif Hala, Naif K. Alharbi, Rowa Y. Alhabbab, Ahdab A. AlSaieedi, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Abdullah Bukhari, Afrah A. Al-Somali, Fadwa S. Alofi, Asim A. Khogeer, Arnab Pain, Almohanad A. Alkayyal, Naif A. M. Almontashiri, Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, Xuguang Li. Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients. Viruses. 2020; 12 (12):1390.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnwar M. Hashem; Abdullah Algaissi; Sarah A. Almahboub; Mohamed A. Alfaleh; Turki S. Abujamel; Sawsan S. Alamri; Khalid A. Alluhaybi; Haya I. Hobani; Rahaf H. AlHarbi; Reem M. Alsulaiman; M-Zaki ElAssouli; Sharif Hala; Naif K. Alharbi; Rowa Y. Alhabbab; Ahdab A. AlSaieedi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Abdullah Bukhari; Afrah A. Al-Somali; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim A. Khogeer; Arnab Pain; Almohanad A. Alkayyal; Naif A. M. Almontashiri; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Xuguang Li. 2020. "Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients." Viruses 12, no. 12: 1390.
Microneedles (MNs) are tiny needle like structures used in drug delivery through layers of the skin. They are non-invasive and are associated with significantly less or no pain at the site of administration to the skin. MNs are excellent in delivering both small and large molecules to the subjects in need thereof. There exist several strategies for drug delivery using MNs, wherein each strategy has its pros and cons. Research in this domain lead to product development and commercialization for clinical use. Additionally, several MN-based products are undergoing clinical trials to evaluate its safety, efficacy, and tolerability. The present review begins by providing bird’s-eye view about the general characteristics of MNs followed by providing recent updates in the treatment of cancer using MNs. Particularly, we provide an overview of various aspects namely: anti-cancerous MNs that work based on sensor technology, MNs for treatment of breast cancer, skin carcinoma, prostate cancer, and MNs fabricated by additive manufacturing or 3 dimensional printing for treatment of cancer. Further, the review also provides limitations, safety concerns, and latest updates about the clinical trials on MNs for the treatment of cancer. Furthermore, we also provide a regulatory overview from the “United States Food and Drug Administration” about MNs.
Aravindram Attiguppe Seetharam; Hani Choudhry; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Maram Suresh Gupta; Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi; Qamre Alam; Siddaramaiah; Devegowda Vishakante Gowda; Afrasim Moin. Microneedles Drug Delivery Systems for Treatment of Cancer: A Recent Update. Pharmaceutics 2020, 12, 1101 .
AMA StyleAravindram Attiguppe Seetharam, Hani Choudhry, Muhammed A. Bakhrebah, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Maram Suresh Gupta, Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi, Qamre Alam, Siddaramaiah, Devegowda Vishakante Gowda, Afrasim Moin. Microneedles Drug Delivery Systems for Treatment of Cancer: A Recent Update. Pharmaceutics. 2020; 12 (11):1101.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAravindram Attiguppe Seetharam; Hani Choudhry; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Maram Suresh Gupta; Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi; Qamre Alam; Siddaramaiah; Devegowda Vishakante Gowda; Afrasim Moin. 2020. "Microneedles Drug Delivery Systems for Treatment of Cancer: A Recent Update." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 11: 1101.
Multidrug resistant (MDR) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a superbug pathogen that causes serious diseases. One of the main reasons for the lack of the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy against infections caused by this resistant pathogen is the recalcitrant nature of MRSA biofilms, which results in an increasingly serious situation worldwide. Consequently, the development of innovative biofilm inhibitors is urgently needed to control the biofilm formation by this pathogen. In this work, we thus sought to evaluate the biofilm inhibiting ability of some promising antibiofilm agents such as zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zno NPs), proteinase K, and hamamelitannin (HAM) in managing the MRSA biofilms. Different phenotypic and genotypic methods were used to identify the biofilm producing MDR MRSA isolates and the antibiofilm/antimicrobial activities of the used promising agents. Our study demonstrated strong antibiofilm activities of ZnO NPs, proteinase K, and HAM against MRSA biofilms along with their transcriptional modulation of biofilm (intercellular adhesion A, icaA) and quorum sensing (QS) (agr) genes. Interestingly, only ZnO NPs showed a powerful antimicrobial activity against this pathogen. Collectively, we observed overall positive correlations between the biofilm production and the antimicrobial resistance/agr genotypes II and IV. Meanwhile, there was no significant correlation between the toxin genes and the biofilm production. The ZnO NPs were recommended to be used alone as potent antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents against MDR MRSA and their biofilm-associated diseases. On the other hand, proteinase-K and HAM can be co-administrated with other antimicrobial agents to manage such types of infections.
Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid; El-Sayed Y. El-Naenaeey; Toka M Kandeel; Wael A. H. Hegazy; Rasha A. Mosbah; Majed S. Nassar; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Nabil A. Alhakamy; Mahmoud M. Bendary. Promising Antibiofilm Agents: Recent Breakthrough against Biofilm Producing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 667 .
AMA StyleMarwa I. Abd El-Hamid, El-Sayed Y. El-Naenaeey, Toka M Kandeel, Wael A. H. Hegazy, Rasha A. Mosbah, Majed S. Nassar, Muhammed A. Bakhrebah, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Nabil A. Alhakamy, Mahmoud M. Bendary. Promising Antibiofilm Agents: Recent Breakthrough against Biofilm Producing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics. 2020; 9 (10):667.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarwa I. Abd El-Hamid; El-Sayed Y. El-Naenaeey; Toka M Kandeel; Wael A. H. Hegazy; Rasha A. Mosbah; Majed S. Nassar; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Nabil A. Alhakamy; Mahmoud M. Bendary. 2020. "Promising Antibiofilm Agents: Recent Breakthrough against Biofilm Producing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Antibiotics 9, no. 10: 667.
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2, continues to spread globally with significantly high morbidity and mortality rates. Immunological surrogate markers, in particular antigen-specific responses, are of unquestionable value for clinical management of patients with COVID-19. Here, we investigated the kinetics of IgM, IgG against the spike (S) and nucleoproteins (N) proteins and their neutralizing capabilities in hospitalized patients with RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 infection. Our data show that SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG, IgM and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were readily detectable in almost all COVID-19 patients with various clinical presentations. Notably, anti-S and -N IgG, peaked 20-40 day after disease onset, and were still detectable for at least up to 70 days, with nAbs observed during the same time period. Moreover, nAbs titers were strongly correlated with IgG antibodies. Significantly higher levels of nAbs as well as anti-S1 and N IgG and IgM antibodies were found in patients with more severe clinical presentations, patients requiring admission to intensive care units (ICU) or those with fatal outcomes. Interestingly, lower levels of antibodies, particularly anti-N IgG and IgM in the first 15 days after symptoms onset, were found in survivors and those with mild clinical presentations. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the characteristics and kinetics of antibody responses in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity.
Anwar M Hashem; Abdullah Algaissi; Sarah A Almahboub; Mohamed A Alfaleh; Turki S Abujamel; Sawsan S Alamri; Khalid A Alluhaybi; Haya I Hobani; Rahaf H AlHarbi; Reem M Alsulaiman; M-Zaki ElAssouli; Sharif Hala; Naif K Alharbi; Rowa Y Alhabbab; Ahdab A AlSaieedi; Wesam H Abdulaal; Abdullah Bukhari; Afrah A Al-Somali; Fadwa S Alofi; Asim A Khogeer; Arnab Pain; Almohanad A Alkayyal; Naif Am Almontashiri; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Xuguang Li. Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleAnwar M Hashem, Abdullah Algaissi, Sarah A Almahboub, Mohamed A Alfaleh, Turki S Abujamel, Sawsan S Alamri, Khalid A Alluhaybi, Haya I Hobani, Rahaf H AlHarbi, Reem M Alsulaiman, M-Zaki ElAssouli, Sharif Hala, Naif K Alharbi, Rowa Y Alhabbab, Ahdab A AlSaieedi, Wesam H Abdulaal, Abdullah Bukhari, Afrah A Al-Somali, Fadwa S Alofi, Asim A Khogeer, Arnab Pain, Almohanad A Alkayyal, Naif Am Almontashiri, Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, Xuguang Li. Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnwar M Hashem; Abdullah Algaissi; Sarah A Almahboub; Mohamed A Alfaleh; Turki S Abujamel; Sawsan S Alamri; Khalid A Alluhaybi; Haya I Hobani; Rahaf H AlHarbi; Reem M Alsulaiman; M-Zaki ElAssouli; Sharif Hala; Naif K Alharbi; Rowa Y Alhabbab; Ahdab A AlSaieedi; Wesam H Abdulaal; Abdullah Bukhari; Afrah A Al-Somali; Fadwa S Alofi; Asim A Khogeer; Arnab Pain; Almohanad A Alkayyal; Naif Am Almontashiri; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Xuguang Li. 2020. "Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients." , no. : 1.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant human pathogen, it possesses almost all of the known antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Quorum sensing (QS) is an intercellular communication system that orchestrates bacterial virulence and its targeting is an effective approach to diminish its pathogenesis. Repurposing of drugs is an advantageous strategy, in this study we aimed to repurpose the anti-diabetic drugs sitagliptin, metformin and vildagliptin as anti-QS in P. aeruginosa. The effects of sub-inhibitory concentrations of the tested drugs on the expression of QS-encoding genes and QS-regulated virulence factors were assessed. The protective activity of tested drugs on P. aeruginosa pathogenesis was evaluated in vivo on mice. In silico analysis was performed to evaluate the interference capabilities of the tested drugs on QS-receptors. Although the three drugs reduced the expression of QS-encoding genes, only sitagliptin inhibited the P. aeruginosa virulence in vitro and protected mice from it. In contrast, metformin showed significant in vitro anti-QS activities but failed to protect mice from P. aeruginosa. Vildagliptin did not show any in vitro or in vivo efficacy. Sitagliptin is a promising anti-QS agent because of its chemical nature that hindered QS-receptors. Moreover, it gives an insight to consider their similar chemical structures as anti-QS agents or even design new chemically similar anti-QS pharmacophores.
Wael A. H. Hegazy; Maan T. Khayat; Tarek S. Ibrahim; Majed S. Nassar; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Nabil A. Alhakamy; Mahmoud M. Bendary. Repurposing Anti-Diabetic Drugs to Cripple Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1285 .
AMA StyleWael A. H. Hegazy, Maan T. Khayat, Tarek S. Ibrahim, Majed S. Nassar, Muhammed A. Bakhrebah, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Nabil A. Alhakamy, Mahmoud M. Bendary. Repurposing Anti-Diabetic Drugs to Cripple Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microorganisms. 2020; 8 (9):1285.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWael A. H. Hegazy; Maan T. Khayat; Tarek S. Ibrahim; Majed S. Nassar; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Nabil A. Alhakamy; Mahmoud M. Bendary. 2020. "Repurposing Anti-Diabetic Drugs to Cripple Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Microorganisms 8, no. 9: 1285.
This study aimed at improving the targeting and cytotoxic effect of ellagic acid (EA) on colon cancer cells. EA was encapsulated in chitosan (CHIT) polymers then coated by eudragit S100 (ES100) microparticles. The release of EA double-coated microparticles (MPs) was tested at simulative pH values. Maximum release was observed at 24 h and pH 7.4. The cytotoxicity of EA MPs on HCT 116 colon cancer cells was synergistically improved as compared with raw EA. Cell-cycle analysis by flow cytometry suggested enhanced G2-M phase colon cancer cell accumulation. In addition, a significantly higher cell fraction was observed in the pre-G phase, which highlighted the enhancement of the proapoptotic activity of EA formulated in the double-coat mixture. Annexin-V staining was used for substantiation of the observed cell-death-inducing activity. Cell fractions were significantly increased in early, late, and total cell death. This was backed by high elevation in cellular content of caspase 3. Effectiveness of the double-coated EA to target colonic tissues was confirmed using real-time iohexol dye X-ray radiography. In conclusion, CHIT loaded with EA and coated with ES100 formula exhibits improved colon targeting as well as enhanced cytotoxic and proapoptotic activity against HCT 116 colon cancer when compared with the administration of raw EA.
Nabil Alhakamy; Osama Ahmed; Mallesh Kurakula; Giuseppe Caruso; Filippo Caraci; Hani Asfour; Anas Alfarsi; Basma Eid; Amir Mohamed; Nabil Alruwaili; Wesam Abdulaal; Usama Fahmy; Hani Alhadrami; Basmah Eldakhakhny; Ashraf Abdel-Naim. Chitosan-Based Microparticles Enhance Ellagic Acid’s Colon Targeting and Proapoptotic Activity. Pharmaceutics 2020, 12, 652 .
AMA StyleNabil Alhakamy, Osama Ahmed, Mallesh Kurakula, Giuseppe Caruso, Filippo Caraci, Hani Asfour, Anas Alfarsi, Basma Eid, Amir Mohamed, Nabil Alruwaili, Wesam Abdulaal, Usama Fahmy, Hani Alhadrami, Basmah Eldakhakhny, Ashraf Abdel-Naim. Chitosan-Based Microparticles Enhance Ellagic Acid’s Colon Targeting and Proapoptotic Activity. Pharmaceutics. 2020; 12 (7):652.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNabil Alhakamy; Osama Ahmed; Mallesh Kurakula; Giuseppe Caruso; Filippo Caraci; Hani Asfour; Anas Alfarsi; Basma Eid; Amir Mohamed; Nabil Alruwaili; Wesam Abdulaal; Usama Fahmy; Hani Alhadrami; Basmah Eldakhakhny; Ashraf Abdel-Naim. 2020. "Chitosan-Based Microparticles Enhance Ellagic Acid’s Colon Targeting and Proapoptotic Activity." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 7: 652.
A peptic ulcer is an alimentary tract injury that leads to a mucosal defect reaching the submucosa. This work aimed to optimize and maximize ellagic acid (EA) loading in Ca pectinate floating beads to maximize the release for 24 h. Three factors were selected: Ca pectinate concentration (X1, 1–3 w/v %), EA concentration (X2, 1–3 w/v %) and the dropping time (X3, 10–30 min). The factorial design proposed eight formulations. The optimized EA–Ca pectinate formulation was evaluated for the gastric ulcer index and the oxidative stress parameter determination of gastric mucosa. The results indicated that the optimum EA–Ca pectinate formula significantly improved the gastric ulcer index in comparison with raw EA. The protective effect of the optimized EA–Ca pectinate formula was further indicated by the histopathological features of the stomach. The results of the study indicate that an EA formulation in the form of Ca pectinate beads would be effective for protection against gastric ulcers because of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) administration.
Nabil A. Alhakamy; Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin; Osama A. A. Ahmed; Abdulrahman A. Halwani; Hibah M. Aldawsari; Mohamed A. El-Moselhy; Aliaa Anter; Sara S. Sharkawi; Muhammad H. Sultan; Osama A. A. Madkhali; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Mohammad N. Alomary; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Usama A. Fahmy. Optimized Ellagic Acid–Ca Pectinate Floating Beads for Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats. Biomolecules 2020, 10, 1006 .
AMA StyleNabil A. Alhakamy, Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin, Osama A. A. Ahmed, Abdulrahman A. Halwani, Hibah M. Aldawsari, Mohamed A. El-Moselhy, Aliaa Anter, Sara S. Sharkawi, Muhammad H. Sultan, Osama A. A. Madkhali, Muhammed A. Bakhrebah, Mohammad N. Alomary, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Usama A. Fahmy. Optimized Ellagic Acid–Ca Pectinate Floating Beads for Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats. Biomolecules. 2020; 10 (7):1006.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNabil A. Alhakamy; Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin; Osama A. A. Ahmed; Abdulrahman A. Halwani; Hibah M. Aldawsari; Mohamed A. El-Moselhy; Aliaa Anter; Sara S. Sharkawi; Muhammad H. Sultan; Osama A. A. Madkhali; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Mohammad N. Alomary; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Usama A. Fahmy. 2020. "Optimized Ellagic Acid–Ca Pectinate Floating Beads for Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats." Biomolecules 10, no. 7: 1006.
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2, continues to spread rapidly around the world, there is a need for well validated serological assays that allow the detection of viral specific antibody responses in COVID-19 patients or recovered individuals. In this study, we established and used multiple indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)-based serological assays to study the antibody response in COVID-19 patients. In order to validate the assays we determined the cut off values, sensitivity and specificity of the assays using sera collected from pre-pandemic healthy controls, COVID-19 patients at different time points after disease-onset, and seropositive sera to other human coronaviruses. The developed SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit of the spike glycoprotein and nucleocapsid (N)-based ELISAs not only showed high specificity and sensitivity but also did not show any cross-reactivity with other CoVs. We also show that all RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients tested in our study developed both virus specific IgM and IgG antibodies as early as week one after disease onset. Our data also suggest that the inclusion of both S1 and N in serological testing would capture as many potential SARS-CoV-2 positive cases as possible than using any of them alone. This is specifically important for tracing contacts and cases and conducting large-scale epidemiological studies to understand the true extent of virus spread in populations.
Abdullah Algaissi; Mohamed A. AlFaleh; Sherif Hala; Turki S. Abujamel; Sawsan S. Alamri; Sarah A Almahboub; Khalid A. Alluhaybi; Haya I. Hobani; Reem M. Alsulaiman; Rahaf H. Alharbi; M-Zaki El-Assouli; Rowa Y Alhabbab; Ahdab A. AlSaieedi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Afrah A. Al-Somali; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim A. Khogeer; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Almohanad A Alkayyal; Naif A.M. Almontashiri; Arnab Pain; Anwar M. Hashem. SARS-CoV-2 S1 and N-Based Serological Assays Reveal Rapid Seroconversion and Induction of Specific Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleAbdullah Algaissi, Mohamed A. AlFaleh, Sherif Hala, Turki S. Abujamel, Sawsan S. Alamri, Sarah A Almahboub, Khalid A. Alluhaybi, Haya I. Hobani, Reem M. Alsulaiman, Rahaf H. Alharbi, M-Zaki El-Assouli, Rowa Y Alhabbab, Ahdab A. AlSaieedi, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Afrah A. Al-Somali, Fadwa S. Alofi, Asim A. Khogeer, Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud, Almohanad A Alkayyal, Naif A.M. Almontashiri, Arnab Pain, Anwar M. Hashem. SARS-CoV-2 S1 and N-Based Serological Assays Reveal Rapid Seroconversion and Induction of Specific Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdullah Algaissi; Mohamed A. AlFaleh; Sherif Hala; Turki S. Abujamel; Sawsan S. Alamri; Sarah A Almahboub; Khalid A. Alluhaybi; Haya I. Hobani; Reem M. Alsulaiman; Rahaf H. Alharbi; M-Zaki El-Assouli; Rowa Y Alhabbab; Ahdab A. AlSaieedi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Afrah A. Al-Somali; Fadwa S. Alofi; Asim A. Khogeer; Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud; Almohanad A Alkayyal; Naif A.M. Almontashiri; Arnab Pain; Anwar M. Hashem. 2020. "SARS-CoV-2 S1 and N-Based Serological Assays Reveal Rapid Seroconversion and Induction of Specific Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients." , no. : 1.
Statins, including simvastatin (SMV), are commonly used for the control of hyperlipidaemia and have also proven therapeutic and preventative effects in cardiovascular diseases. Besides that, there is an emerging interest in their use as antineoplastic drugs as demonstrated by different studies showing their cytotoxic activity against different cancer cells. In this study, SMV-loaded emulsomes (SMV-EMLs) were formulated and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The emulsomes were prepared using a modified thin-film hydration technique. A Box–Behnken model was used to investigate the impact of formulation conditions on vesicle size and drug entrapment. The optimized formulation showed a spherical shape with a vesicle size of 112.42 ± 2.1 nm and an entrapment efficiency of 94.34 ± 1.11%. Assessment of cytotoxic activities indicated that the optimized SMV-EMLs formula exhibited significantly lower half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) against MCF-7 cells. Cell cycle analysis indicated the accumulation of cells in the G2-M phase as well as increased cell fraction in the pre-G1 phase, suggesting an enhancement of anti-apoptotic activity of SMV. The staining of cells with Annex V revealed an increase in early and late apoptosis, in line with the increased cellular content of caspase-3 and Bax. In addition, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was significantly decreased. In conclusion, SMV-EMLs demonstrated superior cell death-inducing activity against MCF-7 cells compared to pure SMV. This is mediated, at least in part, by enhanced pro-apoptotic activity and MMP modulation of SMV.
Zuhier A. Awan; Usama A. Fahmy; Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin; Tarek S. Ibrahim; Hani Z. Asfour; Mohammed W. Al-Rabia; Anas Alfarsi; Nabil A. Alhakamy; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Hadeel Al Sadoun; Nawal Helmi; Ahmad O. Noor; Filippo Caraci; Diena M. Almasri; Giuseppe Caruso. The Enhanced Cytotoxic and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Optimized Simvastatin-Loaded Emulsomes on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2020, 12, 597 .
AMA StyleZuhier A. Awan, Usama A. Fahmy, Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin, Tarek S. Ibrahim, Hani Z. Asfour, Mohammed W. Al-Rabia, Anas Alfarsi, Nabil A. Alhakamy, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Hadeel Al Sadoun, Nawal Helmi, Ahmad O. Noor, Filippo Caraci, Diena M. Almasri, Giuseppe Caruso. The Enhanced Cytotoxic and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Optimized Simvastatin-Loaded Emulsomes on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics. 2020; 12 (7):597.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZuhier A. Awan; Usama A. Fahmy; Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin; Tarek S. Ibrahim; Hani Z. Asfour; Mohammed W. Al-Rabia; Anas Alfarsi; Nabil A. Alhakamy; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Hadeel Al Sadoun; Nawal Helmi; Ahmad O. Noor; Filippo Caraci; Diena M. Almasri; Giuseppe Caruso. 2020. "The Enhanced Cytotoxic and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Optimized Simvastatin-Loaded Emulsomes on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 7: 597.
This work aimed at improving the targeting and cytotoxicity of simvastatin (SMV) against colon cancer cells. SMV was encapsulated in chitosan polymers, followed by eudragit S100 microparticles. The release of SMV double coated microparticles was dependent on time and pH. At pH 7.4 maximum release was observed for 6 h. The efficiency of the double coat to target colonic tissues was confirmed using real-time X-ray radiography of iohexol dye. Entrapment efficiency and particle size were used in the characterization of the formula. Cytotoxicity of SMV microparticles against HCT-116 colon cancer cells was significantly improved as compared to raw SMV. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytomeric technique indicated enhanced accumulation of colon cancer cells in the G2/M phase. Additionally, a significantly higher cell fraction was observed in the pre-G phase, which highlighted enhancement of the proapoptotic activity of SMV prepared in the double coat formula. Assessment of annexin V staining was used for confirmation. Cell fraction in early, late and total cell death were significantly elevated. This was accompanied by a significant elevation of cellular caspase 3 activity. In conclusion, SMV-loaded chitosan coated with eudragit S100 formula exhibited improved colon targeting and enhanced cytotoxicity and proapoptotic activity against HCT-116 colon cancer cells.
Nabil A. Alhakamy; Usama A. Fahmy; Osama A. A. Ahmed; Giuseppe Caruso; Filippo Caraci; Hani Z. Asfour; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Mohammad N. Alomary; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Solomon Z. Okbazghi; Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim; Basma G. Eid; Hibah M. Aldawsari; Mallesh Kurakula; Amir I. Mohamed. Chitosan Coated Microparticles Enhance Simvastatin Colon Targeting and Pro-Apoptotic Activity. Marine Drugs 2020, 18, 226 .
AMA StyleNabil A. Alhakamy, Usama A. Fahmy, Osama A. A. Ahmed, Giuseppe Caruso, Filippo Caraci, Hani Z. Asfour, Muhammed A. Bakhrebah, Mohammad N. Alomary, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Solomon Z. Okbazghi, Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim, Basma G. Eid, Hibah M. Aldawsari, Mallesh Kurakula, Amir I. Mohamed. Chitosan Coated Microparticles Enhance Simvastatin Colon Targeting and Pro-Apoptotic Activity. Marine Drugs. 2020; 18 (4):226.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNabil A. Alhakamy; Usama A. Fahmy; Osama A. A. Ahmed; Giuseppe Caruso; Filippo Caraci; Hani Z. Asfour; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Mohammad N. Alomary; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Solomon Z. Okbazghi; Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim; Basma G. Eid; Hibah M. Aldawsari; Mallesh Kurakula; Amir I. Mohamed. 2020. "Chitosan Coated Microparticles Enhance Simvastatin Colon Targeting and Pro-Apoptotic Activity." Marine Drugs 18, no. 4: 226.
Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme was effectively encapsulated onto an Fe3O4 nanoparticle–polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film via the casting method. The HRP was immobilized on the 0.5% Fe3O4Np–PMMA film and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the reusability, thermal stability, optimum pH, optimum temperature, the influence of metal ions, and the effects of detergent and organic solvent were investigated. After optimizing the immobilization conditions, the highest efficiency of the immobilized enzyme was 88.4% using 0.5% Fe3O4Np–PMMA. The reusability of the immobilized HRP activity was 78.5% of its initial activity after being repeatedly used for 10 cycles. When comparing the free and immobilized forms of the HRP enzyme, changes in the optimum temperature and optimum pH from 30 to 40 °C and 7.0 to 7.5, respectively, were observed. The Km and Vmax for the immobilized HRP were estimated to be 41 mM, 0.89 U/mL for guaiacol and 5.84 mM, 0.66 U/mL for H2O2, respectively. The high stability of the immobilized HRP enzyme was obtained using metal ions, a high urea concentration, isopropanol, and Triton X-100. In conclusion, the applicability of immobilized HRP involves the removal of phenol in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, therefore, it could be a potential catalyst for the removal of wastewater aromatic pollutants.
Wesam H. Abdulaal; Yaaser Q. Almulaiky; Reda M. El-Shishtawy. Encapsulation of HRP Enzyme onto a Magnetic Fe3O4 Np–PMMA Film via Casting with Sustainable Biocatalytic Activity. Catalysts 2020, 10, 181 .
AMA StyleWesam H. Abdulaal, Yaaser Q. Almulaiky, Reda M. El-Shishtawy. Encapsulation of HRP Enzyme onto a Magnetic Fe3O4 Np–PMMA Film via Casting with Sustainable Biocatalytic Activity. Catalysts. 2020; 10 (2):181.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWesam H. Abdulaal; Yaaser Q. Almulaiky; Reda M. El-Shishtawy. 2020. "Encapsulation of HRP Enzyme onto a Magnetic Fe3O4 Np–PMMA Film via Casting with Sustainable Biocatalytic Activity." Catalysts 10, no. 2: 181.
Zika flavivirus is suspected to cause Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults and microcephaly, along with other congenital abnormalities in infants. Presently, no vaccines or therapeutics are available. Here, we report novel compounds identified by high-throughput virtual screening of Maybridge chemical database and molecular docking studies. We selected viral enzyme NS2B/NS3 serine protease as the therapeutic target because of its important role in viral replication. We selected seven potential compounds as antiviral drug candidates because of their high GOLD fitness score, high AutoDock Vina score, or X-Score binding energy and analyzed the strength of molecular interactions between the active site amino acids and selected compounds. Our study also provides a foundation for similar studies for the search of novel therapeutics against Zika virus.
Hani Choudhry; Faisal A. Alzahrani; Mohammed A. Hassan; Asma Alghamdi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Mazin A. Zamzami; Nawal Helmi; Fawzi F. Bokhari; Mustafa Zeyadi; Othman A. Baothman; Mohammad Amjad Kamal; Mohiuddin K. Warsi; Ashraf Ali; Bushra Jarullah; Mohammad S. Jamal. Zika Virus Targeting by Screening Inhibitors against NS2B/NS3 Protease. BioMed Research International 2019, 2019, 1 -11.
AMA StyleHani Choudhry, Faisal A. Alzahrani, Mohammed A. Hassan, Asma Alghamdi, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Muhammed A. Bakhrebah, Mazin A. Zamzami, Nawal Helmi, Fawzi F. Bokhari, Mustafa Zeyadi, Othman A. Baothman, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Mohiuddin K. Warsi, Ashraf Ali, Bushra Jarullah, Mohammad S. Jamal. Zika Virus Targeting by Screening Inhibitors against NS2B/NS3 Protease. BioMed Research International. 2019; 2019 ():1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHani Choudhry; Faisal A. Alzahrani; Mohammed A. Hassan; Asma Alghamdi; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Muhammed A. Bakhrebah; Mazin A. Zamzami; Nawal Helmi; Fawzi F. Bokhari; Mustafa Zeyadi; Othman A. Baothman; Mohammad Amjad Kamal; Mohiuddin K. Warsi; Ashraf Ali; Bushra Jarullah; Mohammad S. Jamal. 2019. "Zika Virus Targeting by Screening Inhibitors against NS2B/NS3 Protease." BioMed Research International 2019, no. : 1-11.
Background There are various factors that play a major role in influencing the overall health conditions of women diagnosed with breast cancer. The population of women in Makkah region are diverse, therefore it is significant to highlight the possible determinants of breast cancer in this population. This is a case-control study that assessed determinants of breast cancer including socioeconomic factors, health-related characteristics, menstrual histories and breastfeeding among postmenopausal women in Makkah region in Saudi Arabia. Methods A total of 432 female participants (214 cases and 218 controls) were recruited for this study. A validated questionnaire was completed by trained dietitians at King Abdullah Medical City Hospital in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia. Results Results displayed that determinants of breast cancer were associated significantly (P < 0.05) with unemployment, large family size, lack of knowledge and awareness about breast cancer, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, starting menarche at an early age, as well as hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive use. There was no effect of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and duration of breastfeeding on the incidence of breast cancer. Conclusion In summary, the results of this study accentuate the possible effect of socioeconomic factors, health-related characteristics and menstrual history on the incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women in the Makkah region. Education programs should be applied to increase breast cancer awareness and possibly decrease its incidence.
Fatmah J. Alsolami; Firas S. Azzeh; Khloud J. Ghafouri; Mazen M. Ghaith; Riyad A. Almaimani; Hussain A. Almasmoum; Rwaa H. Abdulal; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Abdelelah S. Jazar; Sufyan H. Tashtoush. Determinants of breast cancer in Saudi women from Makkah region: a case-control study (breast cancer risk factors among Saudi women). BMC Public Health 2019, 19, 1 -8.
AMA StyleFatmah J. Alsolami, Firas S. Azzeh, Khloud J. Ghafouri, Mazen M. Ghaith, Riyad A. Almaimani, Hussain A. Almasmoum, Rwaa H. Abdulal, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Abdelelah S. Jazar, Sufyan H. Tashtoush. Determinants of breast cancer in Saudi women from Makkah region: a case-control study (breast cancer risk factors among Saudi women). BMC Public Health. 2019; 19 (1):1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFatmah J. Alsolami; Firas S. Azzeh; Khloud J. Ghafouri; Mazen M. Ghaith; Riyad A. Almaimani; Hussain A. Almasmoum; Rwaa H. Abdulal; Wesam H. Abdulaal; Abdelelah S. Jazar; Sufyan H. Tashtoush. 2019. "Determinants of breast cancer in Saudi women from Makkah region: a case-control study (breast cancer risk factors among Saudi women)." BMC Public Health 19, no. 1: 1-8.
Generally, proteases in medicinal plants had different therapeutic effects such as anti-inflammatory effect; modulate the immune response and inhibitory effect toward tumor growth. In this study, protease was purified and characterized from miswak roots, as medicinal plant and natural toothbrush. Physical and chemical characterization of cysteine protease P1 were studied such as pH optimum (6.5), optimum temperature (50 °C), thermal stability (50 °C) and Km (3.3 mg azocasein/ml). The enzyme digested some proteins in the order of caseine > haemoglobin > egg albumin >gelatin > bovine serum albumin. Hg2+ had strong inhibitory effect on enzyme activity compared with other metal ions. Kinetic of inhibition for determination the type of protease was studied. Iodoactamide and p-Hydroximercuribenzaoic acid (p-HMB) caused strong inhibitory effect on enzyme activity indicating the enzyme is cysteine protease. The biochemical characterization of this enzyme will be display the suitable conditions for using of this enzyme in toothpaste in the future and the enzyme may be used in other applications.
Wesam H. Abdulaal. Purification and characterization of cysteine protease from miswak Salvadora persica. BMC Biochemistry 2018, 19, 10 .
AMA StyleWesam H. Abdulaal. Purification and characterization of cysteine protease from miswak Salvadora persica. BMC Biochemistry. 2018; 19 (1):10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWesam H. Abdulaal. 2018. "Purification and characterization of cysteine protease from miswak Salvadora persica." BMC Biochemistry 19, no. 1: 10.
Previous studies have demonstrated that members of Trichoderma are able to generate appreciable amount of extracellular amylase and glucoamylase on soluble potato starch. In this study the α-amylase was purified and characterized from Trichoderma pseudokoningii grown on orange peel under solid state fermentation (SSF). Five α-amylases A1-A5 from Trichodrma pseudokoningii were separated on DEAE-Sepharose column. The homogeneity of α-amylase A4 was detected after chromatography on Sephacryl S-200. α-Amylase A4 had molecular weight of 30 kDa by Sephacryl S-200 and SDS-PAGE. The enzyme had a broad pH optimum ranged from 4.5 to 8.5. The optimum temperature of A4 was 50 °C with high retention of its activity from 30 to 80 °C. The thermal stability of A4 was detected up to 50 °C and the enzyme was highly stable till 80 °C after 1 h incubation. All substrate analogues tested had amylase activity toward A4 ranged from 12 to 100% of its initial activity. The Km and Vmax values of A4 were 4 mg starch/ml and 0.74 μmol reducing sugar, respectively. The most of metals tested caused moderate inhibitory effect, except of Ca2+ and Mg2+ enhanced the activity. Hg2+ and Cd+ 2 strongly inhibited the activity of A4. EDTA as metal chelator caused strong inhibitory effect. The properties of the purified α-amylase A4 from T. pseudokoningii meet the prerequisites needed for several applications.
Wesam H. Abdulaal. Purification and characterization of α-amylase from Trichoderma pseudokoningii. BMC Biochemistry 2018, 19, 4 .
AMA StyleWesam H. Abdulaal. Purification and characterization of α-amylase from Trichoderma pseudokoningii. BMC Biochemistry. 2018; 19 (1):4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWesam H. Abdulaal. 2018. "Purification and characterization of α-amylase from Trichoderma pseudokoningii." BMC Biochemistry 19, no. 1: 4.