In this review, we provide insights into the key aspects of material processing for the industrialization of organic solar cells using printing solutions. The manuscript details the adjustments found in the literature about ink formulation and deposition parameters required to scale up the model system based on P3HT:PC₆₀BM, from spin coating to doctor blade or inkjet printing and finally to roll-to-roll deposition. We analyze the particular problems associated with each technique in combination with the common problems linked to the choice of the procedure like the material consumption, the presence of inhomogeneities or time expenses. Moreover, we highlight the use of non-hazardous chemicals and the achievements done in upscaling technology which is nowadays a major topic in the construction of affordable light conversion devices.

Perovskite photovoltaics (PVs) have attracted attention because of their excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE). Critical issues related to large‐area PV performance, reliability, and lifetime need to be addressed. Here, it is shown that doped metal oxides can provide ideal electron selectivity, improved reliability, and stability for perovskite PVs. This study reports p‐i‐n perovskite PVs with device areas ranging from 0.09 cm² to 0.5 cm² incorporating a thick aluminum‐doped zinc oxide (AZO) electron selective contact with hysteresis‐free PCE of over 13% and high fill factor values in the range of 80%. AZO provides suitable energy levels for carrier selectivity, neutralizes the presence of pinholes, and provides intimate interfaces. Devices using AZO exhibit an average PCE increase of over 20% compared with the devices without AZO and maintain the high PCE for the larger area devices reported. Furthermore, the device stability of p‐i‐n perovskite solar cells under the ISOS‐D‐1 is enhanced when AZO is used, and maintains 100% of the initial PCE for over 1000 h of exposure when AZO/Au is used as the top electrode. The results indicate the importance of doped metal oxides as carrier selective contacts to achieve reliable and high‐performance long‐lived large‐area perovskite solar cells.

We mix small-size and large-size AgBiS₂ nanocrystals in a gradient fashion to judiciously favour the band alignment and maximise charge transport. Thin film solar cells show 7.3% efficiency and visible-near infrared photodetectors yield EQE >40%.

We report on solution processed polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) using inkjet-printed embedded and non-embedded metal grid anodes. Metal grids were inkjet-printed in a honeycomb layout. Honeycomb dimensions were varied from 3 mm to 8 mm to optimize device performance. Inkjet-printed grids were then coated with a highly conductive PEDOT:PSS formulation. First experiments on PEDOT:PSS coated, non-embedded metal grid anodes showed that grids with a 3 mm honeycomb diameter have a similar efficiency as optimized indium tin oxide (ITO) based reference devices. To further improve the efficiency of the devices, the honeycomb Ag-grids were embedded in an Ormocer^®-based material. A detailed performance analysis of PLEDs fabricated on ITO, non-embedded and embedded grids was carried out. It is shown that reduced leakage current and enhanced light outcoupling by embedding result in a significant efficiency enhancement of 250% in inkjet-printed embedded Ag-PEDOT:PSS ITO-free PLEDs, compared to the ITO-based reference PLEDs.