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Biorefineries provide opportunities to improve the economic, environmental, and social performance of bio-based production systems. Prudent planning of plant configuration and localization is however of great merit to obtain maximum benefits from biorefineries. This study investigates optimal deployment of palm oil-based biorefineries on the two major islands of Indonesia, Sumatra and Kalimantan. In addition, the results of the optimal bioenergy (bioelectricity, biodiesel, ethanol) production are used to calculate the potential contribution of the palm oil industry according to the national bioenergy targets from 2020 to 2030. This work also offers a new perspective of analyzing the role of bioenergy in the palm oil industry in relation to meeting the bioenergy targets through the development of spatially explicit optimization model, BeWhere Indonesia. Results show that the palm oil-based biorefineries in Sumatra and Kalimantan can produce 1–1.25 GW of electricity, 4.6–12.5 bL of biodiesel, and 2.8–4.8 bL of ethanol in 2030. Significant efforts in terms of mobilization of resources and economic instruments are required to harness the full potential offered by the palm oil-based biorefineries. This study provides an important insight on how palm oil biorefineries can be developed for their enhanced roles in meeting global sustainability efforts.
Fumi Harahap; Sylvain Leduc; Sennai Mesfun; Dilip Khatiwada; Florian Kraxner; Semida Silveira. Meeting the bioenergy targets from palm oil based biorefineries: An optimal configuration in Indonesia. Applied Energy 2020, 278, 115749 .
AMA StyleFumi Harahap, Sylvain Leduc, Sennai Mesfun, Dilip Khatiwada, Florian Kraxner, Semida Silveira. Meeting the bioenergy targets from palm oil based biorefineries: An optimal configuration in Indonesia. Applied Energy. 2020; 278 ():115749.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFumi Harahap; Sylvain Leduc; Sennai Mesfun; Dilip Khatiwada; Florian Kraxner; Semida Silveira. 2020. "Meeting the bioenergy targets from palm oil based biorefineries: An optimal configuration in Indonesia." Applied Energy 278, no. : 115749.
Sweden has the world’s highest density of moose (Alces alces). Moose is not only a valuable game species; it also causes forest damages and traffic accidents. To avoid moose browsing, foresters respond by planting spruce (Picea abies) to an extent that reshapes the forest landscape with impacts on both production and biodiversity. To address this problem and maintain a healthy moose population in balance with the other interests, an adaptive management based on the knowledge and experiences of local hunters and landowners is advocated. However, the different stakeholders do not agree on what is an appropriate moose population, which leads to conflicts that are hard to resolve. A key problem is that it is very difficult to encompass and foresee long-term consequences of different options for moose hunting and forest management. This makes it challenging to form coherent strategies that integrate different sectorial interests at a national level. To address this issue, we have developed a systems analysis framework for integrated modeling of the moose population, forestry, and their interactions and consequences for biodiversity. We analyze the short and long-term consequences for multiple scenarios of moose hunting and forest management. Based on the results we elucidate and quantify the trade-offs and possible synergies between moose hunting and forest production. This analysis can be used to support better informed and more constructive discussions among the stakeholders in the Swedish forest sectors, and to support policies for long term sustainable forest and moose management.
Oskar Franklin; Andrey Krasovskiy; Florian Kraxner; Anton Platov; Dmitry Shchepashchenko; Sylvain LeDuc; Brady Mattsson. Moose or spruce: A systems analysis model for managing conflicts between moose and forestry in Sweden. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleOskar Franklin, Andrey Krasovskiy, Florian Kraxner, Anton Platov, Dmitry Shchepashchenko, Sylvain LeDuc, Brady Mattsson. Moose or spruce: A systems analysis model for managing conflicts between moose and forestry in Sweden. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOskar Franklin; Andrey Krasovskiy; Florian Kraxner; Anton Platov; Dmitry Shchepashchenko; Sylvain LeDuc; Brady Mattsson. 2020. "Moose or spruce: A systems analysis model for managing conflicts between moose and forestry in Sweden." , no. : 1.
Hydropower plays an important role as renewable and clean energy in the world's overall energy supply. Electricity generation from hydropower represented approximately 16.6% of the world's total electricity and 70% of all renewable electricity in 2015. Determining the different effects of 1.5°C and 2°C of global warming has become a hot spot in water resources research. However, there are still few studies on the impacts of different global warming levels on gross hydropower potential. This study used a coupled hydrological and techno‐economic model framework to assess hydropower production under global warming levels of 1.5°C and 2°C, while also considering gross hydropower potential, power consumption and economic factors. The results show that both global warming levels will have a positive impact on the hydropower production of a tropical island (Sumatra) relative to the historical period, however, the ratio of hydropower production versus power demand provided by 1.5°C of global warming is 40% higher than that provided by 2°C of global warming under RCP6.0. The power generation by hydropower plants shows incongruous changing trends with hydropower potential under the same global warming levels. This inconformity occurs because the optimal sites for hydropower plants were chosen by considering not only hydropower potential but also economic factors. In addition, the reduction in CO2 emissions under global warming of 1.5°C (39.06×106 t) is greater than that under global warming of 2°C (10.20×106 t), which reveals that global warming decreases the benefits necessary to relieve global warming levels. However, the hydropower generation and the reduction in CO2 emissions will be far less than the energy demand when protected areas are excluded as potential sites for hydropower plants, with a sharp decrease of 40‐80%. Thus, government policy‐makers should consider the tradeoff between hydropower generation and forest coverage area in nationally determined contributions.
Ying Meng; Junguo Liu; Sylvain Leduc; Sennai Mesfun; Florian Kraxner; Ganquan Mao; Wei Qi; Zifeng Wang. Hydropower Production Benefits More From 1.5 °C than 2 °C Climate Scenario. Water Resources Research 2020, 56, 1 .
AMA StyleYing Meng, Junguo Liu, Sylvain Leduc, Sennai Mesfun, Florian Kraxner, Ganquan Mao, Wei Qi, Zifeng Wang. Hydropower Production Benefits More From 1.5 °C than 2 °C Climate Scenario. Water Resources Research. 2020; 56 (5):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYing Meng; Junguo Liu; Sylvain Leduc; Sennai Mesfun; Florian Kraxner; Ganquan Mao; Wei Qi; Zifeng Wang. 2020. "Hydropower Production Benefits More From 1.5 °C than 2 °C Climate Scenario." Water Resources Research 56, no. 5: 1.
The 30 integrated steel plants operating in the European Union (EU) are among the largest single-point CO2 emitters in the region. The deployment of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (bio-CCS) could significantly reduce their fossil-based CO2 emissions. In detail, the results demonstrate that CO2 emission reduction targets of up to 20% can be met entirely by biomass deployment. A slow CCS technology introduction on top of biomass deployment is expected as the requirement for emission reduction exceeds 20%. Bio-CCS could then be a key technology, particularly in terms of meeting targets above 50%, of CO2 avoidance cost ranging between €60 and €100 tCO2−1 at full-scale deployment. The future of bio-CCS and its utilisation on a larger scale would therefore only be viable if such CO2 avoidance cost were to become economically appealing. Small and medium plants in particular, would economically benefit from sharing CO2 pipeline networks. CO2 transport, however, makes a relatively small contribution to the total CO2 avoidance cost. In the future, the role of bio-CCS in the European iron and steelmaking industry will also be influenced by non-economic conditions, such as regulations, public acceptance, realistic CO2 storage capacity, and the progress of other mitigation technologies.
Hana Mandova; Piera Patrizio; Sylvain Leduc; Jan Kjärstad; Chuan Wang; Elisabeth Wetterlund; Florian Kraxner; William Gale. Achieving carbon-neutral iron and steelmaking in Europe through the deployment of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 218, 118 -129.
AMA StyleHana Mandova, Piera Patrizio, Sylvain Leduc, Jan Kjärstad, Chuan Wang, Elisabeth Wetterlund, Florian Kraxner, William Gale. Achieving carbon-neutral iron and steelmaking in Europe through the deployment of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 218 ():118-129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHana Mandova; Piera Patrizio; Sylvain Leduc; Jan Kjärstad; Chuan Wang; Elisabeth Wetterlund; Florian Kraxner; William Gale. 2019. "Achieving carbon-neutral iron and steelmaking in Europe through the deployment of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage." Journal of Cleaner Production 218, no. : 118-129.
Significant amounts of biomass residues were generated in Indonesia. While untreated, residues emit greenhouse gases during the decomposition process. On the other hand, if efficiently utilized, these residues could be used to produce value-added products. This study investigates opportunities for harnessing the full potential of palm oil residues (i.e., empty fruit bunches, kernel shells, fiber, and mill effluent). As far as we are aware, the study is the first attempt to model the palm oil supply chain in a geographically explicit way while considering regional infrastructures in Sumatra Island, Indonesia. The BeWhere model, a mixed integer linear programming model for energy system optimization, was used to assess the costs and benefits of optimizing the regional palm oil supply chain. Different scenarios were investigated, considering current policies and new practices leading to improved yields in small-scale plantations and power grid connectivity. The study shows that a more efficient palm oil supply chain can pave the way for the country to meet up to 50% of its national bioenergy targets by 2025, and emission reductions of up to 40 MtCO2eq/year. As much as 50% of the electricity demand in Sumatra could be met if residues are efficiently used and grid connections are available. We recommend that system improvements be done in stages. In the short to medium term, improving the smallholder plantation yield is the most optimal way to maximize regional economic gains from the palm oil industry. In the medium to long term, improving electricity grid connection to palm oil mills could bring higher economic value as excess electricity is commercialized.
Fumi Harahap; Sylvain Leduc; Sennai Mesfun; Dilip Khatiwada; Florian Kraxner; Semida Silveira. Opportunities to Optimize the Palm Oil Supply Chain in Sumatra, Indonesia. Energies 2019, 12, 420 .
AMA StyleFumi Harahap, Sylvain Leduc, Sennai Mesfun, Dilip Khatiwada, Florian Kraxner, Semida Silveira. Opportunities to Optimize the Palm Oil Supply Chain in Sumatra, Indonesia. Energies. 2019; 12 (3):420.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFumi Harahap; Sylvain Leduc; Sennai Mesfun; Dilip Khatiwada; Florian Kraxner; Semida Silveira. 2019. "Opportunities to Optimize the Palm Oil Supply Chain in Sumatra, Indonesia." Energies 12, no. 3: 420.
Vietnam’s Power Development Plan 7A authorized many new coal power plants projects, implying an increase of greenhouse gases emissions from 90 MtCO2eq/year today to 360 MtCO2eq/year in 2030. How could co-firing technology –that is the partial substitution of coal by biomass– contributes to mitigate that problem? In this study, we assess the costs and potentials of co-firing rice residues in present and planned coal power plants in Vietnam using a spatially explicit optimization model: BeWhere, adapted as recursive annual dynamic. We found that, the cost of CO2 emissions is the key parameter determining at what level the technology is used. A cost of CO2 emissions of 8 $/tCO2 mobilizes the maximum technical potential of the rice straw and husk domestic resource, with an annual emission reduction of 28 MtCO2eq/year by 2030. At this level, biomass co-firing contributes to an 8% emission reduction in the coal power sector with the abatement cost of 137 Million USD.
An Ha Truong; Piera Patrizio; Sylvain Leduc; Florian Kraxner; Minh Ha-Duong. Reducing emissions of the fast growing Vietnamese coal sector: The chances offered by biomass co-firing. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 215, 1301 -1311.
AMA StyleAn Ha Truong, Piera Patrizio, Sylvain Leduc, Florian Kraxner, Minh Ha-Duong. Reducing emissions of the fast growing Vietnamese coal sector: The chances offered by biomass co-firing. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 215 ():1301-1311.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAn Ha Truong; Piera Patrizio; Sylvain Leduc; Florian Kraxner; Minh Ha-Duong. 2019. "Reducing emissions of the fast growing Vietnamese coal sector: The chances offered by biomass co-firing." Journal of Cleaner Production 215, no. : 1301-1311.
Concerns have been voiced that implementing climate change mitigation measures could come at the cost of employment, especially in the context of the US coal sector. However, repurposing US coal plants presents an opportunity to address emission mitigation and job creation, if the right technology change is adopted. In this study, the transformation of the US coal sector until 2050 is modeled to achieve ambitious climate targets. Results show that the cost-optimal strategy for meeting 2050 emission reductions consistent with 2°C stabilization pathways is through the early deployment of BECCS and by replacing 50% of aging coal plants with natural gas plants. This strategy addresses the concerns surrounding employment for coal workers by retaining 40,000 jobs, and creating 22,000 additional jobs by mid-century. Climate change mitigation does not have to come at the cost of employment, and policymakers could seek to take advantage of the social co-benefits of mitigation.
Piera Patrizio; Sylvain Leduc; Florian Kraxner; Sabine Fuss; Georg Erich Kindermann; Sennai Mesfun; Kasparas Spokas; Alma Mendoza-Ponce; Niall Mac Dowell; Elisabeth Wetterlund; Joakim Lundgren; Erik Dotzauer; Ping Yowargana; Michael Obersteiner. Reducing US Coal Emissions Can Boost Employment. Joule 2018, 2, 2633 -2648.
AMA StylePiera Patrizio, Sylvain Leduc, Florian Kraxner, Sabine Fuss, Georg Erich Kindermann, Sennai Mesfun, Kasparas Spokas, Alma Mendoza-Ponce, Niall Mac Dowell, Elisabeth Wetterlund, Joakim Lundgren, Erik Dotzauer, Ping Yowargana, Michael Obersteiner. Reducing US Coal Emissions Can Boost Employment. Joule. 2018; 2 (12):2633-2648.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiera Patrizio; Sylvain Leduc; Florian Kraxner; Sabine Fuss; Georg Erich Kindermann; Sennai Mesfun; Kasparas Spokas; Alma Mendoza-Ponce; Niall Mac Dowell; Elisabeth Wetterlund; Joakim Lundgren; Erik Dotzauer; Ping Yowargana; Michael Obersteiner. 2018. "Reducing US Coal Emissions Can Boost Employment." Joule 2, no. 12: 2633-2648.
Maria Xylia; Sylvain Leduc; Achille-B. Laurent; Piera Patrizio; Yvonne van der Meer; Florian Kraxner; Semida Silveira. Impact of bus electrification on carbon emissions: The case of Stockholm. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 209, 74 -87.
AMA StyleMaria Xylia, Sylvain Leduc, Achille-B. Laurent, Piera Patrizio, Yvonne van der Meer, Florian Kraxner, Semida Silveira. Impact of bus electrification on carbon emissions: The case of Stockholm. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 209 ():74-87.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Xylia; Sylvain Leduc; Achille-B. Laurent; Piera Patrizio; Yvonne van der Meer; Florian Kraxner; Semida Silveira. 2018. "Impact of bus electrification on carbon emissions: The case of Stockholm." Journal of Cleaner Production 209, no. : 74-87.
Land use cover change (LUCC) has a crucial role in global environmental change, impacting both ecosystem services and biodiversity. Evaluating the trends and possible alternatives of LUCC allows quantification and identification of the hotspots of change. Therefore, this study aims to answer what the most vulnerable ecosystems and the carbon stocks losses to LUCC are under two socioeconomic and climate change (CC) scenarios–Business as Usual (BAU) and Green. The scenarios integrate the Representative Concentration Pathways, and the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, with a spatially explicit LUCC. Distance to roads and human settlements are the most explicative direct drivers of LUCC. The projections include thirteen categories of natural and anthropogenic covers at a fine resolution for Mexico for the two scenarios. The results show that 83% of deforestation in the country has taken place in tropical dry forests, scrublands, temperate forests, and tropical evergreen forests. Considering the range of distribution of natural vegetation and the impacts of LUCC and CC, tropical dry and evergreen forests, followed by other vegetation and cloud forests are shown to be most vulnerable. By 2011, anthropogenic covers accounted for 26% of the country’s cover, and by 2050, according to the BAU scenario, they could account for 37%. The Green scenario suggests a feasible reduction to 21%. In 1985, Mexico had 2.13 PgC in aboveground biomass, but the LUCC would be responsible for 1–2% of LUCC global emissions, and by 2100, it may account for up to 5%. However, if deforestation were reduced and regeneration increased (Green scenario), carbon stocks would reach 2.14 PgC before 2050. Therefore, identifying which natural covers are the most vulnerable to LUCC and CC, and characterizing the principal drivers of ecosystems loss are crucial to prioritizing areas for implementing actions addressing resources to combat the loss of ecosystems and carbon stocks.
Alma Mendoza-Ponce; Rogelio Corona-Núñez; Florian Kraxner; Sylvain Leduc; Piera Patrizio. Identifying effects of land use cover changes and climate change on terrestrial ecosystems and carbon stocks in Mexico. Global Environmental Change 2018, 53, 12 -23.
AMA StyleAlma Mendoza-Ponce, Rogelio Corona-Núñez, Florian Kraxner, Sylvain Leduc, Piera Patrizio. Identifying effects of land use cover changes and climate change on terrestrial ecosystems and carbon stocks in Mexico. Global Environmental Change. 2018; 53 ():12-23.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlma Mendoza-Ponce; Rogelio Corona-Núñez; Florian Kraxner; Sylvain Leduc; Piera Patrizio. 2018. "Identifying effects of land use cover changes and climate change on terrestrial ecosystems and carbon stocks in Mexico." Global Environmental Change 53, no. : 12-23.
Biorefineries for the production of fuels, chemicals, or materials can be an important contributor to reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The economic performance of the biorefinery supply chain can be increased by, for example, industrial integration to utilise excess heat and products, increasing size to improve economy of scale, and using intermediate upgrading to reduce feedstock transport cost. To enable a large-scale introduction of biorefineries it is important to identify cost efficient supply chain configurations. This work investigates a lignocellulosic biorefinery concept integrated with forest industry, focusing on how different economic conditions affect the preferred supply chain configurations. The technology investigated is black liquor gasification, with and without the addition of pyrolysis liquids to increase production capacity. Primarily, it analyses trade-offs between high biomass conversion efficiency and economy of scale effects, as well as the selection of centralised vs. decentralised supply chain configurations. The results show the economic advantage for biomass efficient configurations, when the biorefinery investment is benefited from an alternative investment credit due to the replacement of current capital-intensive equipment at the host industry. However, the investment credit received heavily influenced the cost of the biorefinery and clearly illustrates the benefit for industrial integration to reduce the cost of biorefineries. There is a benefit for a decentralised supply chain configuration under very high biomass competition. However, for lower biomass competition, site-specific conditions will impact the favourability of either centralised or decentralised supply chain configurations.
Jonas Zetterholm; Karin Pettersson; Sylvain Leduc; Sennai Mesfun; Joakim Lundgren; Elisabeth Wetterlund. Resource efficiency or economy of scale: Biorefinery supply chain configurations for co-gasification of black liquor and pyrolysis liquids. Applied Energy 2018, 230, 912 -924.
AMA StyleJonas Zetterholm, Karin Pettersson, Sylvain Leduc, Sennai Mesfun, Joakim Lundgren, Elisabeth Wetterlund. Resource efficiency or economy of scale: Biorefinery supply chain configurations for co-gasification of black liquor and pyrolysis liquids. Applied Energy. 2018; 230 ():912-924.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJonas Zetterholm; Karin Pettersson; Sylvain Leduc; Sennai Mesfun; Joakim Lundgren; Elisabeth Wetterlund. 2018. "Resource efficiency or economy of scale: Biorefinery supply chain configurations for co-gasification of black liquor and pyrolysis liquids." Applied Energy 230, no. : 912-924.
This work investigates a power dispatch system that aims to supply the power demand of the EU and Western Balkans (EUWB) based on low-carbon generation units, enabled by the expansion of biomass, solar, and wind based electricity. A spatially explicit techno-economic optimization tool simulates the EUWB power sector to explore the dispatch of new renewable electricity capacity on a EUWB scale, under ambitious CO2 emission policies. The results show that utility-scale deployment of renewable electricity is feasible and can contribute about 9–39% of the total generation mix, for a carbon price range of 0–200 €/tCO2 and with the existing capacities of the cross-border transmission network. Even without any explicit carbon incentive (carbon price of 0 €/tCO2), more than 35% of the variable power in the most ambitious CO2 mitigation scenario (carbon price of 200 €/tCO2) would be economically feasible to deploy. Spatial assessment of bio-electricity potential (based on forest and agriculture feedstock) showed limited presence in the optimal generation mix (0–6%), marginalizing its effect as baseload. Expansion of the existing cross-border transmission capacities helps even out the variability of solar and wind technologies, but may also result in lower installed RE capacity in favor of state-of-the-art natural gas with relatively low sensitivity to increasing carbon taxes. A sensitivity analysis of the investment cost, even under a low-investment scenario and at the high end of the CO2 price range, showed natural gas remains at around 11% of the total generation, emphasizing how costly it would be to achieve the final percentages toward a 100% renewable system.
Sennai Mesfun; Sylvain Leduc; Piera Patrizio; Elisabeth Wetterlund; Alma Mendoza-Ponce; Tijs Lammens; Igor Staritsky; Berien Elbersen; Joakim Lundgren; Florian Kraxner. Spatio-temporal assessment of integrating intermittent electricity in the EU and Western Balkans power sector under ambitious CO2 emission policies. Energy 2018, 164, 676 -693.
AMA StyleSennai Mesfun, Sylvain Leduc, Piera Patrizio, Elisabeth Wetterlund, Alma Mendoza-Ponce, Tijs Lammens, Igor Staritsky, Berien Elbersen, Joakim Lundgren, Florian Kraxner. Spatio-temporal assessment of integrating intermittent electricity in the EU and Western Balkans power sector under ambitious CO2 emission policies. Energy. 2018; 164 ():676-693.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSennai Mesfun; Sylvain Leduc; Piera Patrizio; Elisabeth Wetterlund; Alma Mendoza-Ponce; Tijs Lammens; Igor Staritsky; Berien Elbersen; Joakim Lundgren; Florian Kraxner. 2018. "Spatio-temporal assessment of integrating intermittent electricity in the EU and Western Balkans power sector under ambitious CO2 emission policies." Energy 164, no. : 676-693.
Iron and steel plants producing steel via the blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) route constitute among the largest single point CO2 emitters within the European Union (EU). As the iron ore reduction process in the blast furnace is fully dependent on carbon mainly supplied by coal and coke, bioenergy is the only renewable that presents a possibility for their partial substitution. Using the BeWhere model, this work optimised the mobilization and use of biomass resources within the EU in order to identify the opportunities that bioenergy can bring to the 30 operating BF-BOF plants. The results demonstrate competition for the available biomass resources within existing industries and economically unappealing prices of the bio-based fuels. A carbon dioxide price of 60 € t−1 is required to substitute 20% of the CO2 emissions from the fossil fuels use, while a price of 140 € t−1 is needed to reach the maximum potential of 42%. The possibility to use organic wastes to produce hydrochar would not enhance the maximum emission reduction potential, but it would broaden the available feedstock during the low levels of substitution. The scope for bioenergy integration is different for each plant and so consideration of its deployment should be treated individually. Therefore, the EU-ETS (Emission Trading System) may not be the best policy tool for bioenergy as an emission reduction strategy for the iron and steel industry, as it does not differentiate between the opportunities across the different steel plants and creates additional costs for the already struggling European steel industry.
Hana Mandova; S. LeDuc; C. Wang; Elisabeth Wetterlund; P. Patrizio; W. Gale; Florian Kraxner. Possibilities for CO2 emission reduction using biomass in European integrated steel plants. Biomass and Bioenergy 2018, 115, 231 -243.
AMA StyleHana Mandova, S. LeDuc, C. Wang, Elisabeth Wetterlund, P. Patrizio, W. Gale, Florian Kraxner. Possibilities for CO2 emission reduction using biomass in European integrated steel plants. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2018; 115 ():231-243.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHana Mandova; S. LeDuc; C. Wang; Elisabeth Wetterlund; P. Patrizio; W. Gale; Florian Kraxner. 2018. "Possibilities for CO2 emission reduction using biomass in European integrated steel plants." Biomass and Bioenergy 115, no. : 231-243.
Security of energy supply, promotion of the bio-economy, nutrient recycling, and innovation are prioritized policy areas in the EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region (EUBSR). The Baltic Sea Region (BSR) has a great bioenergy potential worth exploring in this context. This paper explores the state-of-art of bioenergy systems and synergies with eco-systems services in the BSR region in the context of developing the region’s bio-economy. In this brief assessment, we consider 8 countries (i.e. Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Denmark, and Belarus) in the region. While the production and use of modern bioenergy can help reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, promote energy security, diversify energy resources, and contribute to a successful circular economy and rural development, it is important to find a balance between the exploration of resources and the management of eco-systems services. In addition, both climate change vulnerability and bioenergy production may affect the environment and the capacity of the BSR to deliver ecosystem services (ESS). We recommend integrated strategies for optimal use of bioresources in the region. Bioeconomy can be realized by innovative approaches, establishing cross-cutting institutional and policy linkages for increased prosperity and green growth in the Baltic Sea Region
Semida Silveira; Dilip Khatiwada; Sylvain Leduc; Florian Kraxner; Bharadwaj K. Venkata; Vita Tilvikine; Vilma Gaubyte; Fransesco Romagnoli; Egle Tauraite; Semjon Kundas; Dagnija Blumberga; Kaja Peterson; Katrina Utsar; Edgars Vigants; Alexander Kalinichenko. Opportunities for bioenergy in the Baltic Sea Region. Energy Procedia 2017, 128, 157 -164.
AMA StyleSemida Silveira, Dilip Khatiwada, Sylvain Leduc, Florian Kraxner, Bharadwaj K. Venkata, Vita Tilvikine, Vilma Gaubyte, Fransesco Romagnoli, Egle Tauraite, Semjon Kundas, Dagnija Blumberga, Kaja Peterson, Katrina Utsar, Edgars Vigants, Alexander Kalinichenko. Opportunities for bioenergy in the Baltic Sea Region. Energy Procedia. 2017; 128 ():157-164.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSemida Silveira; Dilip Khatiwada; Sylvain Leduc; Florian Kraxner; Bharadwaj K. Venkata; Vita Tilvikine; Vilma Gaubyte; Fransesco Romagnoli; Egle Tauraite; Semjon Kundas; Dagnija Blumberga; Kaja Peterson; Katrina Utsar; Edgars Vigants; Alexander Kalinichenko. 2017. "Opportunities for bioenergy in the Baltic Sea Region." Energy Procedia 128, no. : 157-164.
The potential development of a Canadian forest-based bioeconomy requires an assessment of both fibre availability and associated marginal supply costs. To a large extent, the bioeconomy is expected to rely on wood fibre made available through primary products, sawnwood and pulp production processing streams. Therefore, it is important to understand the regional wood fibre flows and mill residue availability through various processing streams. In this study, we developed a spatially explicit Forest-fibre Cascade Model (FCM) to estimate regional fibre flows and availability of untapped residue surplus. The FCM model was calibrated to 2013 production levels and we evaluate the wood fibre cascade through existing forest industry in Canada. The results show that, under current conditions, there is limited availability of surplus mill residues in Canada, especially in the Eastern provinces. It is therefore critical to consider the impacts on regional fibre flows and feedstock availability to the secondary industries when designing feedstock supply strategies and policies for the emerging forest-based industries.
Saeed Ghafghazi; Kyle Lochhead; Anne-Helen Mathey; Nicklas Forsell; Sylvain Leduc; Warren Mabee; Gary Bull. Estimating Mill Residue Surplus in Canada: A Spatial Forest Fiber Cascade Modeling Approach. Forest Products Journal 2017, 67, 205 -218.
AMA StyleSaeed Ghafghazi, Kyle Lochhead, Anne-Helen Mathey, Nicklas Forsell, Sylvain Leduc, Warren Mabee, Gary Bull. Estimating Mill Residue Surplus in Canada: A Spatial Forest Fiber Cascade Modeling Approach. Forest Products Journal. 2017; 67 (3-4):205-218.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaeed Ghafghazi; Kyle Lochhead; Anne-Helen Mathey; Nicklas Forsell; Sylvain Leduc; Warren Mabee; Gary Bull. 2017. "Estimating Mill Residue Surplus in Canada: A Spatial Forest Fiber Cascade Modeling Approach." Forest Products Journal 67, no. 3-4: 205-218.
Sennai Mesfun; Sylvain LeDuc; Piera Patrizio; Ping Yowargana; Florian Kraxner. Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Integrating Intermittent Electricity in the EU Power Sector. Hydrogen and Fuel Cells 2017, 539 -552.
AMA StyleSennai Mesfun, Sylvain LeDuc, Piera Patrizio, Ping Yowargana, Florian Kraxner. Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Integrating Intermittent Electricity in the EU Power Sector. Hydrogen and Fuel Cells. 2017; ():539-552.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSennai Mesfun; Sylvain LeDuc; Piera Patrizio; Ping Yowargana; Florian Kraxner. 2017. "Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Integrating Intermittent Electricity in the EU Power Sector." Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , no. : 539-552.
Large-scale deployment of renewable energy sources (RES) plays a central role in reducing CO2 emissions from energy supply systems, but intermittency from solar and wind technologies presents integration challenges. High temperature co-electrolysis of steam and CO2 in power-to-gas (PtG) and power-to-liquid (PtL) configurations could utilize excess intermittent electricity by converting it into chemical fuels. These can then be directly consumed in other sectors, such as transportation and heating, or used as power storage. Here, we investigate the impact of carbon policy and fossil fuel prices on the economic and engineering potential of PtG and PtL systems as storage for intermittent renewable electricity and as a source of low-carbon heating and transportation energy in the Alpine region. We employ a spatially and temporally explicit optimization approach of RES, PtG, PtL and fossil technologies in the electricity, heating, and transportation sectors, using the BeWhere model. Results indicate that large-scale deployment of PtG and PtL technologies for producing chemical fuels from excess intermittent electricity is feasible, particularly when incentivized by carbon prices. Depending on carbon and fossil fuel price, 0.15−15 million tonnes/year of captured CO2 can be used in the synthesis of the chemical fuels, displacing up to 11% of current fossil fuel use in transportation. By providing a physical link between the electricity, transportation, and heating sectors, PtG and PtL technologies can enable greater integration of RES into the energy supply chain globally
Sennai Mesfun; Daniel L. Sanchez; Sylvain Leduc; Elisabeth Wetterlund; Joakim Lundgren; Markus Biberacher; Florian Kraxner. Power-to-gas and power-to-liquid for managing renewable electricity intermittency in the Alpine Region. Renewable Energy 2017, 107, 361 -372.
AMA StyleSennai Mesfun, Daniel L. Sanchez, Sylvain Leduc, Elisabeth Wetterlund, Joakim Lundgren, Markus Biberacher, Florian Kraxner. Power-to-gas and power-to-liquid for managing renewable electricity intermittency in the Alpine Region. Renewable Energy. 2017; 107 ():361-372.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSennai Mesfun; Daniel L. Sanchez; Sylvain Leduc; Elisabeth Wetterlund; Joakim Lundgren; Markus Biberacher; Florian Kraxner. 2017. "Power-to-gas and power-to-liquid for managing renewable electricity intermittency in the Alpine Region." Renewable Energy 107, no. : 361-372.
Humankind has never been so populous, technically equipped, and economically and culturally integrated as it is today. In the twenty-first century, societies are confronted with a multitude of challenges in their efforts to manage the Earth system.
Michael Obersteiner; Juraj Balkovič; Hannes Böttcher; Jetske A. Bouma; Steffen Fritz; Sabina Fuss; Petr Havlik; Christine Heumesser; Stefan Hochrainer; Kerstin Jantke; Nikolay Khabarov; Barbara Koch; Florian Kraxner; Onno J. Kuik; Sylvain Leduc; Junguo Liu; Wolfgang Lucht; Ian McCallum; Reinhard Mechler; Elena Moltchanova; Belinda Reyers; Felicjan Rydzak; Christian Schill; Christine Schleupner; Erwin Schmid; Uwe A. Schneider; Robert J. Scholes; Linda See; Rastislav Skalský; Alexey Smirnov; Jana Szolgayova; Zuzana Tarasovičová; Hong Yang. The Value of Global Earth Observations. Satellite Earth Observations and Their Impact on Society and Policy 2017, 137 -142.
AMA StyleMichael Obersteiner, Juraj Balkovič, Hannes Böttcher, Jetske A. Bouma, Steffen Fritz, Sabina Fuss, Petr Havlik, Christine Heumesser, Stefan Hochrainer, Kerstin Jantke, Nikolay Khabarov, Barbara Koch, Florian Kraxner, Onno J. Kuik, Sylvain Leduc, Junguo Liu, Wolfgang Lucht, Ian McCallum, Reinhard Mechler, Elena Moltchanova, Belinda Reyers, Felicjan Rydzak, Christian Schill, Christine Schleupner, Erwin Schmid, Uwe A. Schneider, Robert J. Scholes, Linda See, Rastislav Skalský, Alexey Smirnov, Jana Szolgayova, Zuzana Tarasovičová, Hong Yang. The Value of Global Earth Observations. Satellite Earth Observations and Their Impact on Society and Policy. 2017; ():137-142.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael Obersteiner; Juraj Balkovič; Hannes Böttcher; Jetske A. Bouma; Steffen Fritz; Sabina Fuss; Petr Havlik; Christine Heumesser; Stefan Hochrainer; Kerstin Jantke; Nikolay Khabarov; Barbara Koch; Florian Kraxner; Onno J. Kuik; Sylvain Leduc; Junguo Liu; Wolfgang Lucht; Ian McCallum; Reinhard Mechler; Elena Moltchanova; Belinda Reyers; Felicjan Rydzak; Christian Schill; Christine Schleupner; Erwin Schmid; Uwe A. Schneider; Robert J. Scholes; Linda See; Rastislav Skalský; Alexey Smirnov; Jana Szolgayova; Zuzana Tarasovičová; Hong Yang. 2017. "The Value of Global Earth Observations." Satellite Earth Observations and Their Impact on Society and Policy , no. : 137-142.
The Malaysian government aims to facilitate the renewable energy (RE) sector by introducing the National Renewable Energy Policy and Action Plan during 2010. 4,000 MW of installed RE capacity is targeted by 2030, with 410 MW biogas capacity. Palm oil mill effluent (POME), agro-based industries and farming industries are identified as potential sources of biogas. It was studied that more than 500 kt of biomethane could be produced yearly if all the POME is treated anaerobically. The utilization of biomethane has remained unexplored for its injection into natural gas grid. This papers aims to identify the potential of POME biomethane injection into natural gas grid by using the BeWhere model, a techno-economic spatial explicit model. The locations, capacity and technology of biogas refinery plants will be identified based on cost minimization of the full supply chain of biogas production. The result shows that 135 - 227 biogas plants were selected, supplying 40% - 67% residential fossil gas demand, under different carbon price implementation and fossil gas subsidy scenarios
Poh Ying Hoo; Piera Patrizio; Sylvain Leduc; Haslenda Hashim; Florian Kraxner; Sie Ting Tan; Wai Shin Ho. Optimal Biomethane Injection into Natural Gas Grid – Biogas from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) in Malaysia. Energy Procedia 2017, 105, 562 -569.
AMA StylePoh Ying Hoo, Piera Patrizio, Sylvain Leduc, Haslenda Hashim, Florian Kraxner, Sie Ting Tan, Wai Shin Ho. Optimal Biomethane Injection into Natural Gas Grid – Biogas from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) in Malaysia. Energy Procedia. 2017; 105 ():562-569.
Chicago/Turabian StylePoh Ying Hoo; Piera Patrizio; Sylvain Leduc; Haslenda Hashim; Florian Kraxner; Sie Ting Tan; Wai Shin Ho. 2017. "Optimal Biomethane Injection into Natural Gas Grid – Biogas from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) in Malaysia." Energy Procedia 105, no. : 562-569.
Charging infrastructure requirements are being largely debated in the context of urban energy planning for transport electrification. As electric vehicles are gaining momentum, the issue of locating and securing the availability, efficiency and effectiveness of charging infrastructure becomes a complex question that needs to be addressed. This paper presents the structure and application of a model developed for optimizing the distribution of charging infrastructure for electric buses in the urban context, and tests the model for the bus network of Stockholm. The major public bus transport hubs connecting to the train and subway system show the highest concentration of locations chosen by the model for charging station installation. The costs estimated are within an expected range when comparing to the annual bus public transport costs in Stockholm. The model could be adapted for various urban contexts to promptly assist in the transition to fossil-free bus transport. The total costs for the operation of a partially electrified bus system in both optimization cases considered (cost and energy) differ only marginally from the costs for a 100% biodiesel system. This indicates that lower fuel costs for electric buses can balance the high investment costs incurred in building charging infrastructure, while achieving a reduction of up to 51% in emissions and up to 34% in energy use in the bus fleet. QC 20170407Wireless Bus Stop Chargin
Maria Xylia; Sylvain Leduc; Piera Patrizio; Florian Kraxner; Semida Silveira. Locating charging infrastructure for electric buses in Stockholm. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 2017, 78, 183 -200.
AMA StyleMaria Xylia, Sylvain Leduc, Piera Patrizio, Florian Kraxner, Semida Silveira. Locating charging infrastructure for electric buses in Stockholm. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. 2017; 78 ():183-200.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Xylia; Sylvain Leduc; Piera Patrizio; Florian Kraxner; Semida Silveira. 2017. "Locating charging infrastructure for electric buses in Stockholm." Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 78, no. : 183-200.
In Italy biogas support schemes are being revised to include subsidies for the production of biomethane. Energy policies should foster environmentally optimal solutions, especially because social acceptance issues often arise in the case of biogas. In this paper we use the external cost methodology to quantify the environmental impact of airborne emissions associated with biogas-based energy vectors and their corresponding fossil substitutes These are evaluated at supply chain level and incorporated in a spatially explicit optimization model. The method is applied to northern Italy to compare the potential impact of alternative policy options. It is found that, while the external costs of biogas-based pathways are always lower than corresponding fossil fuel based pathways, the differences are generally so small that policies based on internalization of external costs alone would not lead to further development of biogas-based technologies. For all utilization pathways, consideration of local externalities leads to a less favourable evaluation of biogas-based technologies, which results in external costs even higher than the substituted fossil fuel if biogas is allocated to local heating
P. Patrizio; Sylvain Leduc; D. Chinese; Florian Kraxner. Internalizing the external costs of biogas supply chains in the Italian energy sector. Energy 2017, 125, 85 -96.
AMA StyleP. Patrizio, Sylvain Leduc, D. Chinese, Florian Kraxner. Internalizing the external costs of biogas supply chains in the Italian energy sector. Energy. 2017; 125 ():85-96.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP. Patrizio; Sylvain Leduc; D. Chinese; Florian Kraxner. 2017. "Internalizing the external costs of biogas supply chains in the Italian energy sector." Energy 125, no. : 85-96.