The purpose of this study is to examine what kinds of virtual reality-based education have been in Korea and what positive effects it has on learners. In addition, this study examines the limitations of current virtual reality-based education and the directions to be developed. For this purpose, the research was conducted through the literature review method that finds and organizes the documents which are the data of this study, such as various papers, research reports and articles. As a result of this study, the virtual reality-based education has a more realistic experience through the development of virtual reality technology, free movement, physical and sensory interactions. Many companies are growing quantitatively and qualitatively by introducing into various services and contents fields such as education, medical, film, military, sports and tourism in anticipation that the development of network and virtual devices will be greatly improved in the future. In particular, many attempts have been made in education, medicine and sports. Virtual reality-based education provides learners with a three-dimensional and realistic environment to deepen and broaden the learning experience. The learner is immersed in learning and gains practical experience, and the learner becomes the self-directed learner who can achieve the output. The limitations of virtual reality include cyber sickness, low vision and lack of content.

The objective of this study is to verify the preventive effect of daily safety education on children by analyzing its influence on the improvement in their understanding, perceptions, and attitudes toward safety, when virtual reality (VR) is used. The use of VR-based tangible safety education is increasing. Thus, the effectiveness of VR stability education should be verified. This study was conducted for three months by selecting infants aged 4–5 years and their homeroom teachers enrolled in early childhood education institutions. After completing daily safety education using VR, questionnaires prepared by the teacher, comprising interviews and Q&A with the infants, were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, F-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression were used for data analysis. It was found that (a) the preference for audiovisual and VR as effective teaching methods in early childhood educational institutions was high; (b) safety education using VR showed a positive correlation with children’s traffic safety perceptions and attitudes; and (c) immersion was found to be a significant factor influencing the perception and attitude of safety education. These findings suggest that various methods to implement and utilize safety education programs using VR should be explored. Finally, VR safety education improved preventive attitudes toward the safety of children.

The purpose of this study is to help teachers of AR-based education by reviewing the literature on the types, learning effects and limitations of AR technology used in Korean AR-based education. Therefore, this thesis examines the literature focusing on thesis and articles of Korean thesis, and defines the definition of AR, technical elements, implementation method, utilization media, usage and trends, educational status, and educational effects and limitations. As a result, the classes using AR-based education could be easily immersed by learners and the presence of learning occurred. In addition, it is possible to take advantage of the AR, enabling immediate training using GPS and collaborative training using the network. AR-based education is becoming increasingly popular according to the use of digital textbooks through AR technology and AR education contents using mobile devices. However, there are limitations to AR implementation media such as qualitative differences in AR educational contents, high price, motion sickness and dizziness of HMD devices. Therefore, in order to achieve AR-based education in educational institutions and educational sites, this paper presents the development of AR implementation media suitable for the level of learners, provides flexible AR curriculum guidelines, industry-academic cooperation between companies for technology development, and inspection / censorship of educational contents. It suggests that a procedure should be provided.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the awareness of the necessity and importance of liberal arts education and to examine the satisfaction of college students with their liberal arts courses. This study was conducted from June 1–15, 2018, for college students who are taking liberal arts courses. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0 statistical package programs. To understand the general characteristics of the survey subjects, a frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and reliability analysis were performed to measure the reliability and validity of the measurement tools, and a structural model analysis was conducted to verify the proposed research model. The result shows that a professor’s professionalism has a positive influence on the perception of a subject’s importance and necessity after the course, diversity has a positive influence on satisfaction in liberal arts education. Favorable changes in the perception of importance and necessity have a positive effect on satisfaction level. Our findings imply that colleges should operate an integrated student-selective education course that allows all students to select and take liberal arts courses. It should be organized to secure full-time professors who will be exclusively responsible for liberal arts curriculums.

(1) Background: The study aims to analyze the degree of media use among early childhood teachers and the correlations between their computational thinking, playfulness, creativity, and problem-solving abilities. It confirms a strong correlation between playfulness and problem-solving abilities and investigates whether higher levels of computational thinking are associated with higher levels of playfulness. This research is positioned within the context of sustainable development in early childhood education, emphasizing the importance of integrating digital literacy and computational thinking skills to promote sustainability. (2) Methods: The research was conducted on teachers working in daycare centers and kindergartens in Jeju Island, South Korea. A total of 203 questionnaires were collected, employing descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. (3) Results: The study found that teachers’ degree of media literacy affects their media use. Additionally, the higher the degree of computational thinking, the more significant the effect on early childhood teachers’ playfulness. Furthermore, early childhood teachers’ playfulness, creativity, and problem-solving skills were all significantly correlated overall. (4) Conclusions: The findings suggest that if teachers take an interest in IT media and find ways to use it positively, it will have a positive effect on early childhood education. Moreover, increasing computational thinking skills will enable the effective use of various tools, positively impacting teachers’ roles. The study proposes that enhancing early childhood teachers’ playfulness, creativity, and problem-solving skills will contribute to sustainable development in early childhood education.

In this paper, two novel metal-organic frameworks [Cu(bna1)(DMF)]_n·nH₂O·nCH₃OH (complex 1) (H₂bna1 = 2,2′-dihydroxy-1,1′-dinaphthyl-6,6′-dicarboxy acid) and [Co(bna2)₂(bpy)(H₂O)₂]_n (complex 2) (H₂bna2 = 2,2′-dihydroxy-1,1′-Dinaphthyl-4,4′-dicar–boxyacid) have been synthesized under mild conditions and carefully characterized. Crystal structural analysis reveals that complex 1 adopts a 1D infinite chain structure, which forms 2D sheet by π–π weak interactions. Complex 2 possesses 2D sheet structure, where Cobalt ions are recognized as the nodes. So it generated a regular two-dimensional grid with the size of 1.57 × 1.15 nm. Complex 2 assembles into a 3D supramolecular network connected by the hydrogen bonds. IR spectra studies indicate that the coordination mode of carboxyl group of complex 1 and complex 2 are chelating with the metal ions. X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD) studies of both complexes confirm that there is no impurity phase in both complexes since their diffraction patterns match well with the simulated ones.