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Xiuling Man
Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

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Journal article
Published: 31 July 2021 in Forests
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To study the response of runoff to extreme changes in land use, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to construct historical, extreme, and future scenarios for several major landscape types in a permafrost region of northeastern China. The results show that the SWAT model is applicable in the Tahe River Basin; forestlands, shrublands, wetlands, and grasslands are the main land-use types in this basin, and the transfers among them from 1980–2015 have impacted runoff by less than 5%. Under extreme land use-change scenarios, the simulated runoff decreased from grasslands, to wetlands, shrublands, and finally, forestlands. The conversion of extreme land-use scenarios produces different hydrological effects. When forestland is converted to grassland, runoff increases by 25.32%, when forestland is converted to wetland, runoff increases by 13.34%, and the conversion of shrubland to forestland reduces runoff by 13.25%. In addition, the sensitivity of runoff to different land-use changes was much greater during flood seasons than in dry seasons. Compared to the reference year of 2015, the annual simulated runoff under the two future land-use scenarios (shrublands to forestlands and shrublands to wetland) was less. Also, both future land-use scenarios showed effects to decrease flooding and increased dryness, This study provided important insight into the integrated management of land use and water resources in the Tahe River Basin and the permafrost region of northeastern China.

ACS Style

Peng Hu; Tijiu Cai; Fengxiang Sui; Liangliang Duan; Xiuling Man; Xueqing Cui. Response of Runoff to Extreme Land Use Change in the Permafrost Region of Northeastern China. Forests 2021, 12, 1021 .

AMA Style

Peng Hu, Tijiu Cai, Fengxiang Sui, Liangliang Duan, Xiuling Man, Xueqing Cui. Response of Runoff to Extreme Land Use Change in the Permafrost Region of Northeastern China. Forests. 2021; 12 (8):1021.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peng Hu; Tijiu Cai; Fengxiang Sui; Liangliang Duan; Xiuling Man; Xueqing Cui. 2021. "Response of Runoff to Extreme Land Use Change in the Permafrost Region of Northeastern China." Forests 12, no. 8: 1021.

Journal article
Published: 15 January 2021 in Forests
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The change of litter input can affect soil respiration (Rs) by influencing the availability of soil organic carbon and nutrients, regulating soil microenvironments, thus resulting in a profound influence on soil carbon cycle of the forest ecosystem. We conducted an aboveground litterfall manipulation experiment in different-aged Betula platyphylla forests (25-, 40- and 61-year-old) of the permafrost region, located in the northeast of China, during May to October in 2018, with each stand treated with doubling litter (litter addition, DL), litter exclusion (no-litter, NL) and control litter (CK). Our results indicated that Rs decreased under NL treatment compared with CK treatment. The effect size lessened with the increase in the stand age; the greatest reduction was found for young Betula platyphylla forest (24.46% for 25-year-old stand) and tended to stabilize with the growth of forest with the reduction of 15.65% and 15.23% for 40-and 61- year-old stands, respectively. Meanwhile, under DL treatment, Rs increased by 27.38%, 23.83% and 23.58% on 25-, 40- and 61-year-old stands, respectively. Our results also showed that the increase caused by DL treatment was larger than the reduction caused by NL treatment, leading to a priming effect, especially on 40- and 61-year-old stands. The change in litter input was the principal factor affecting the change of Rs under litter manipulation. The soil temperature was also a main factor affecting the contribution rate of litter to Rs of different-aged stands, which had a significant positive exponential correlation with Rs. This suggests that there is a significant relationship between litter and Rs, which consequently influences the soil carbon cycle in Betula platyphylla forests of the permafrost region, Northeast China. Our finding indicated the increased litter enhanced the Rs in Betula platyphylla forest, which may consequently increase the carbon emission in a warming climate in the future. It is of great importance for future forest management in the permafrost region, Northeast China.

ACS Style

Hong Wei; Xiuling Man. Increased Litter Greatly Enhancing Soil Respiration in Betula platyphylla Forests of Permafrost Region, Northeast China. Forests 2021, 12, 89 .

AMA Style

Hong Wei, Xiuling Man. Increased Litter Greatly Enhancing Soil Respiration in Betula platyphylla Forests of Permafrost Region, Northeast China. Forests. 2021; 12 (1):89.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hong Wei; Xiuling Man. 2021. "Increased Litter Greatly Enhancing Soil Respiration in Betula platyphylla Forests of Permafrost Region, Northeast China." Forests 12, no. 1: 89.

Journal article
Published: 16 November 2020 in Forests
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Changes in above-ground litterfall can influence below-ground biogeochemical processes in forests, which substantially impacts soil nitrogen (N) and nutrient cycling. However, how these soil processes respond to the litter manipulation is complex and poorly understood, especially in the N-limiting boreal forest. We aimed to examine how soil N dynamics respond to litter manipulations in a boreal larch forest. A litter manipulation experiment including control, litter exclusion, and litter addition was performed in the Larix gmelinii forest on the north of the Daxing’an Mountains in China. Monthly soil inorganic N, microbial biomass and the rate of net N mineralization in both 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm layers, and N2O flux were analyzed from May 2018 to October 2018. In 0–20 cm soil layer the average soil inorganic N contents, microbial biomass N (MBN) contents, the rate of net N mineralization (Rmin), and the soil N2O emission in the litter addition plot were approximately 40.58%, 54.16%, 128.57%, and 38.52% greater, respectively than those in the control. While litter exclusion reduced those indexes about 29.04%, 19.84%, 80.98%, and 31.45%, respectively. Compared with the dynamics of the 10–20 cm soil layer, the N dynamics in 0–10 cm soil were more sensitive to litter manipulation. Rmin and N2O emissions were significantly correlated with MBN in most cases. Our results highlight the short-term effects of litter manipulations on soil N dynamics, which suggests that the influence of litter on soil N process should be considered in the future defoliation management of the boreal larch forest.

ACS Style

Ruihan Xiao; Xiuling Man; Beixing Duan; Tijiu Cai. Short-Term Litter Manipulations have Strong Impact on Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in Larix gmelinii Forest of Northeast China. Forests 2020, 11, 1205 .

AMA Style

Ruihan Xiao, Xiuling Man, Beixing Duan, Tijiu Cai. Short-Term Litter Manipulations have Strong Impact on Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in Larix gmelinii Forest of Northeast China. Forests. 2020; 11 (11):1205.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruihan Xiao; Xiuling Man; Beixing Duan; Tijiu Cai. 2020. "Short-Term Litter Manipulations have Strong Impact on Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in Larix gmelinii Forest of Northeast China." Forests 11, no. 11: 1205.

Journal article
Published: 02 September 2020 in Global Ecology and Conservation
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Secondary forest succession plays a vital role in the dynamics of soil organic carbon and nitrogen and is recognized as an important driving force for the recovery of soil properties. In order to explore the effect of forest succession on the stocks of soil organic carbon and nitrogen in permafrost region of the Daxing'an Mountains, northeast China, the Betula platyphylla forest at the early succession stage; the Betula platyphylla-Larix gmelinii mixed forest at the middle succession stage and the pure Larix gmelinii forest at the climax forest stage were selected to compare soil organic carbon and soil nitrogen stocks along forest succession stage. The results showed that the concentration of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total soil nitrogen (SN) all increased during forest succession, particularly in 0-40 cm depth. However, the C:N ratio changed slightly. The concentration of SOC and SN and the ratio of C/N significantly decreased with increasing of soil depth along forest succession. The stocks of total soil organic carbon (TSOC) and total soil nitrogen (TSN) increased from 77.69 Mg ha-1 to 130.50 Mg ha-1 and from 7.46 Mg ha-1 to 13.90 Mg ha-1, respectively, during forest succession, but the accumulation were mainly in later stage of succession from Betula platyphylla-Larix gmelinii forest to Larix gmelinii forest. TSOC and TSN showed obvious surface aggregation, with more than 58% of TSOC in the soil of 0-20 cm depth and more than 50% of TSN in the soil of 0-40 cm depth. TSOC and TSN decreased with increasing soil depth. To sum up, our study highlighted that secondary forest succession greatly increased the sequestration capacity of SOC and SN of forest soil in the future Daxing´an Mountains, northeast China. The result is of great significance for understanding the simultaneous effects of forest succession and climate change, and improving forest resource management measures and strategies in permafrost region.

ACS Style

Beixing Duan; Xiuling Man; Tijiu Cai; Ruihan Xiao; Zhaoxin Ge. Increasing soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks along with secondary forest succession in permafrost region of the Daxing’an mountains, northeast China. Global Ecology and Conservation 2020, 24, e01258 .

AMA Style

Beixing Duan, Xiuling Man, Tijiu Cai, Ruihan Xiao, Zhaoxin Ge. Increasing soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks along with secondary forest succession in permafrost region of the Daxing’an mountains, northeast China. Global Ecology and Conservation. 2020; 24 ():e01258.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beixing Duan; Xiuling Man; Tijiu Cai; Ruihan Xiao; Zhaoxin Ge. 2020. "Increasing soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks along with secondary forest succession in permafrost region of the Daxing’an mountains, northeast China." Global Ecology and Conservation 24, no. : e01258.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2020 in Water
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Water resources from rivers are essential to humans. The discharge of rivers is demonstrated to be significantly affected by climate change in the literature, particularly in the boreal and subboreal climate zones. The Da Hinggan Mountains in subboreal northeast China form the headwaters of the Heilongjiang River and the Nenjiang River, which are important water resources for irrigation of downstream agriculture and wetlands. In this study, long-term (44 years) hydrologic, climate and forest dynamics data from the Tahe were analyzed using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model to quantify the effects of climate and forest change on runoff depth. Meanwhile, downscaled precipitation and temperature predictions that arose from global climate models (GCMs) under four representative concentration pathways (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0 and RCP 8.5) were forced using the SWAT model to investigate the climate change impacts on the Tahe River flows in the future. The results indicated that compared with the 1972–1982 period, the forest biomass in the 1984–1994 period was reduced by 17.6%, resulting in an increase of 16.6% in mean annual runoff depth. On the contrary, with reforestation from the 1995–2005 period to the 2006–2016 period, the mean forest biomass was increased by 9.8%, resulting in the mean runoff depth reduction of 11.9%. The tree species composition shift reduced mean annual runoff depth of 13.3% between the 1984–1994 period and the 2006–2016 period. Compared with base years (2006–2016), projections of GCM in the middle of the 21st century indicated that both mean annual temperature and precipitation were expected to increase by −0.50 °C and 43 mm under RCP 2.6, 0.38 °C and 23 mm under RCP 4.5, 0.67 °C and 36 mm under RCP 6.0 and 1.00 °C and 10 mm under RCP 8.5. Simulated results of the SWAT model showed that annual runoff depth would increase by 18.1% (RCP 2.6), 11.8% (RCP 4.5), 23.6% (RCP 6.0), and 11.5% (RCP 8.5), compared to the base years. Such increased runoff was mainly attributed to the increase in April, July, August, September and October, which were consistent with the precipitation prediction. We concluded that the future climate change will increase the water resources from the river, thereby offsetting the possible decline in runoff caused by the forest recovery. The findings of this study might be useful for understanding the impacts of climate and forest change on runoff and provide a reasonable strategy for managers and planners to mitigate the impact of future climate change on water resources in the subboreal forested watersheds.

ACS Style

Zhengxiang Yu; Xiuling Man; Liangliang Duan; Tijiu Cai. Assessments of Impacts of Climate and Forest Change on Water Resources Using SWAT Model in a Subboreal Watershed in Northern Da Hinggan Mountains. Water 2020, 12, 1565 .

AMA Style

Zhengxiang Yu, Xiuling Man, Liangliang Duan, Tijiu Cai. Assessments of Impacts of Climate and Forest Change on Water Resources Using SWAT Model in a Subboreal Watershed in Northern Da Hinggan Mountains. Water. 2020; 12 (6):1565.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhengxiang Yu; Xiuling Man; Liangliang Duan; Tijiu Cai. 2020. "Assessments of Impacts of Climate and Forest Change on Water Resources Using SWAT Model in a Subboreal Watershed in Northern Da Hinggan Mountains." Water 12, no. 6: 1565.

Original paper
Published: 13 March 2020 in Journal of Forestry Research
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Wetland restoration had been implemented for more than two decades in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. To assess the restoration efficiency of wetland vegetation, we investigated plants composition of community, plant species diversity and aboveground biomass of restored sites in a chronosequence of restoration (1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 11, 15 and 25 years) in the Sanjiang Nature Reserve. As comparison, we also investigated the same factors in a cropland and a natural marsh adjacent to the restored sites. The results showed that wetland plant species can invade quickly after croplands were abandoned when there were suitable hydrology conditions. On the early stage of the restoration, weeds were main plant species in the restored sites. Wetland species appeared at the same time but differed from the dominant species from the adjacent natural marshes. Common native wetland species could dominance the community after 3-year restoration. Species richness and diversity increased on the early stage, and then decreased to the similar level of the natural marsh with the extension of restoration. Plant biomass could restore easier than the species composition and diversity. Our results indicated that plant species composition and diversity of abandoned reclaimed wetlands can restore gradually by natural succession in Sanjiang Plain. However, 25-year restoration site had similarity index of only 56% with the natural marsh, which revealed that two decades are not enough for complete restoration of vegetation.

ACS Style

Xin Jin; Xiaoxin Sun; Haixing Li; Danhui Zhao; Dong Li; Lei Wang; Xiuling Man. Changes of plant species diversity and biomass with reclaimed marshes restoration. Journal of Forestry Research 2020, 32, 133 -142.

AMA Style

Xin Jin, Xiaoxin Sun, Haixing Li, Danhui Zhao, Dong Li, Lei Wang, Xiuling Man. Changes of plant species diversity and biomass with reclaimed marshes restoration. Journal of Forestry Research. 2020; 32 (1):133-142.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xin Jin; Xiaoxin Sun; Haixing Li; Danhui Zhao; Dong Li; Lei Wang; Xiuling Man. 2020. "Changes of plant species diversity and biomass with reclaimed marshes restoration." Journal of Forestry Research 32, no. 1: 133-142.

Journal article
Published: 11 March 2020 in Forests
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Studying carbon and nitrogen stocks in different types of larch forest ecosystems is of great significance for assessing the carbon sink capacity and nitrogen level in larch forests. To evaluate the effects of the differences of forest type on the carbon and nitrogen stock capacity of the larch forest ecosystem, we selected three typical types of larch forest ecosystems in the northern part of Daxing’an Mountains, which were the Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forest (RL), Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii forest (LL) and Sphagnum-Bryum-Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii forest (SLL), to determine the carbon and nitrogen stocks in the vegetation (trees and understories), litter and soil. Results showed that there were significant differences in carbon and nitrogen stocks among the three types of larch forest ecosystems, showing a sequence of SLL (288.01 Mg·ha−1 and 25.19 Mg·ha−1) > LL (176.52 Mg·ha−1 and 14.85 Mg·ha−1) > RL (153.93 Mg·ha−1 and 10.00 Mg·ha−1) (P < 0.05). The largest proportions of carbon and nitrogen stocks were found in soils, accounting for 83.20%, 72.89% and 64.61% of carbon stocks and 98.61%, 97.58% and 96.00% of nitrogen stocks in the SLL, LL and RL, respectively. Also, it was found that significant differences among the three types of larch forest ecosystems in terms of soil carbon and nitrogen stocks (SLL > LL > RL) (P < 0.05) were the primary reasons for the differences in the ecosystem carbon and nitrogen stocks. More than 79% of soil carbon and 51% of soil nitrogen at a depth of 0–100 cm were stored in the upper 50 cm of the soil pool. In the vegetation layer, due to the similar tree biomass carbon and nitrogen stocks, there were no significant differences in carbon and nitrogen stocks among the three types of larch forest ecosystems. The litter carbon stock in the SLL was significantly higher than that in the LL and RL (P < 0.05), but no significant differences in nitrogen stock were found among them (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that different forest types with the same tree layer and different understory vegetation can greatly affect the carbon and nitrogen stock capacity of the forest ecosystem. This indicates that understory vegetation may have significant effects on the carbon and nitrogen stocks in soil and litter, which highlights the need to consider the effects of understory in future research into the carbon and nitrogen stock capacity of forest ecosystems.

ACS Style

Ruihan Xiao; Xiuling Man; Beixing Duan. Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks in Three Types of Larix gmelinii Forests in Daxing’an Mountains, Northeast China. Forests 2020, 11, 305 .

AMA Style

Ruihan Xiao, Xiuling Man, Beixing Duan. Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks in Three Types of Larix gmelinii Forests in Daxing’an Mountains, Northeast China. Forests. 2020; 11 (3):305.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruihan Xiao; Xiuling Man; Beixing Duan. 2020. "Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks in Three Types of Larix gmelinii Forests in Daxing’an Mountains, Northeast China." Forests 11, no. 3: 305.

Journal article
Published: 20 February 2020 in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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High latitude boreal forests are experiencing dramatic changes in climate and hydrology. It is not clear how boreal forests will adapt to hydrological change or how stable they will be to extreme climate fluctuations and shifts in ecosystem water availability (EWA; residuals between precipitation and evapotranspiration). Although there have been numerous studies in North American and European boreal forests, the Siberian boreal region is underrepresented. Moreover, Siberia is dominated by deciduous conifers (larch) that may have different response to shifting hydrology than boreal evergreens do. We observed evapotranspiration (ET) by eddy covariance technique and transpiration (T) by sap-flow probes on a subsample of trees within the flux-tower footprint through two growing seasons in a larch forest in northernmost China. Ecosystems at the margins of their zone could be amongst the first to experience significant shifts in structure and function. At this site there have already been signs of permafrost degradation and more frequent temperature and precipitation anomalies. The canopy-dominant larch accounted for half the total T fluxes. The remaining 50% was distributed evenly among intermediate and suppressed trees. T is the dominant subcomponent in ET, where overall T/ET varies of 66%–84% depending on precipitation patterns. In dormant and early growing seasons, T still constitutes a majority of ET even though the canopy foliage is not fully developed because cold soil creates a negative soil to air vapor pressure gradient that impedes evaporation. However, in the peak growing season, excess precipitation reduces T while providing sufficient wetness for surface evaporation. ET from standard data product based on MODIS satellite reflectance underestimates tower ET by 17%–29%. Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence measured by satellite is well correlated with tower ET (r2 = 0.69–0.73) and could provide a better basis for regional ET extrapolations. A global comparison of data for 2000–2018 period reveals that boreal forests not only have the smallest annual MODIS ET but also the least EWA compared to temperate and tropical forests. Also, even though boreal deciduous and evergreens have comparable annual ET, their T/ET and EWA are distinct. This work highlights how short-term precipitation extremes may shift ecosystem function and structure by changing EWA through exported runoff. Sites along boreal ecotones are critical to observe for signs of shifts in their structure, function, and response to climate anomalies.

ACS Style

Jialin Liu; Fangyan Cheng; William Munger; Peng Jiang; Timothy Whitby; Siyue Chen; Weiwen Ji; Xiuling Man. Precipitation extremes influence patterns and partitioning of evapotranspiration and transpiration in a deciduous boreal larch forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2020, 287, 107936 .

AMA Style

Jialin Liu, Fangyan Cheng, William Munger, Peng Jiang, Timothy Whitby, Siyue Chen, Weiwen Ji, Xiuling Man. Precipitation extremes influence patterns and partitioning of evapotranspiration and transpiration in a deciduous boreal larch forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 2020; 287 ():107936.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jialin Liu; Fangyan Cheng; William Munger; Peng Jiang; Timothy Whitby; Siyue Chen; Weiwen Ji; Xiuling Man. 2020. "Precipitation extremes influence patterns and partitioning of evapotranspiration and transpiration in a deciduous boreal larch forest." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 287, no. : 107936.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2017 in Water
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Rapid permafrost thaw and precipitation regime shifts are altering surface and subsurface hydrological processes in arctic and subarctic watersheds. Long-term data (40 years) from two large permafrost watersheds in northeastern China, the Tahe River and Duobukuer River watersheds, indicate that winter baseflows are characterized by significant positive trends of 1.7% and 2.5%·year−1, respectively. Winter baseflows exhibited statistically significant positive correlations with mean annual air temperature and the thawing index, an indicator of permafrost degradation, for both watersheds, as well as the increasing annual rainfall fraction of precipitation for the Duobukuer River watershed. Winter baseflows were characterized by a breakpoint in 1989, which lagged behind the mean annual air temperature breakpoint by only two years. The statistical analyses suggest that the increases in winter baseflow are likely related to enhanced groundwater storage and winter groundwater discharge caused by permafrost thaw and are potentially also due to an increase in the wet season rainfall. These hydrological trends are first apparent in marginal areas of permafrost distribution and are expected to shift northward towards formerly continuous permafrost regions in the context of future climate warming.

ACS Style

Liangliang Duan; Xiuling Man; Barret L. Kurylyk; Tijiu Cai. Increasing Winter Baseflow in Response to Permafrost Thaw and Precipitation Regime Shifts in Northeastern China. Water 2017, 9, 25 .

AMA Style

Liangliang Duan, Xiuling Man, Barret L. Kurylyk, Tijiu Cai. Increasing Winter Baseflow in Response to Permafrost Thaw and Precipitation Regime Shifts in Northeastern China. Water. 2017; 9 (1):25.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liangliang Duan; Xiuling Man; Barret L. Kurylyk; Tijiu Cai. 2017. "Increasing Winter Baseflow in Response to Permafrost Thaw and Precipitation Regime Shifts in Northeastern China." Water 9, no. 1: 25.