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Prof. Dr. Imad Al-Qadi
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Center for Transportation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA

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0 Civil Engineering
0 Modeling and Simulation
0 Signal Processing
0 non-destructive testing
0 Construction materials

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ground-penetrating radar
non-destructive testing
Civil Engineering
Signal Processing
Construction materials
Airfield and highway pavement engineering

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Research article
Published: 24 July 2021 in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
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Transportation agencies should measure pavement performance to appropriately strategize road preservation, maintenance, and rehabilitation activities. The international roughness index (IRI), which is a means to quantify pavement roughness, is a primary performance indicator. Many attempts have been made to correlate pavement roughness to other pavement performance parameters. Most existing correlations, however, are based on traditional statistical regression, which requires a hypothesis for the data. In this study, a novel approach was developed to predict asphalt concrete (AC) pavement IRI, utilizing datasets extracted from the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database. IRI prediction is categorized by two models: (i) IRI progression over the pavement’s service life without maintenance/rehabilitation and (ii) the drop in IRI after maintenance. The first model utilizes the recurrent neural network algorithm, which deals with time-series data. Therefore, historical traffic data, environmental information, and distress (rutting, fatigue cracking, and transverse cracking) measurements were extracted from the LTPP database. A long short-term memory network was used to solve the vanishing gradient problem. Finally, an optimal model was achieved by setting the sequence length to 2 years. The second model utilizes an artificial neural network algorithm to correlate the impacting factors to the IRI value after maintenance. The impacting factors include maintenance activities; initial (new construction), milled, and overlaid AC thicknesses; as well as IRI value before maintenance activities. Combining the two models allows for the prediction of IRI values over AC pavement’s service life.

ACS Style

Qingwen Zhou; Egemen Okte; Imad L. Al-Qadi. Predicting Pavement Roughness Using Deep Learning Algorithms. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Qingwen Zhou, Egemen Okte, Imad L. Al-Qadi. Predicting Pavement Roughness Using Deep Learning Algorithms. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qingwen Zhou; Egemen Okte; Imad L. Al-Qadi. 2021. "Predicting Pavement Roughness Using Deep Learning Algorithms." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board , no. : 1.

Report
Published: 01 July 2021 in Illinois’ Experience Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance to Determine Pay for Hot-mix Asphalt
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ACS Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; José Rivera-Perez; Javier García Mainieri; Watheq Sayeh. Illinois’ Experience Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance to Determine Pay for Hot-mix Asphalt. Illinois’ Experience Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance to Determine Pay for Hot-mix Asphalt 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Imad Al-Qadi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, José Rivera-Perez, Javier García Mainieri, Watheq Sayeh. Illinois’ Experience Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance to Determine Pay for Hot-mix Asphalt. Illinois’ Experience Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance to Determine Pay for Hot-mix Asphalt. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; José Rivera-Perez; Javier García Mainieri; Watheq Sayeh. 2021. "Illinois’ Experience Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance to Determine Pay for Hot-mix Asphalt." Illinois’ Experience Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance to Determine Pay for Hot-mix Asphalt , no. : 1.

Report
Published: 01 May 2021 in Truck Platooning on Flexible Pavements in Illinois
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Truck platoons have many benefits over traditional truck mobility. Truck platoons have the potential to improve safety and reduce fuel consumption between 5% and 15%, based on platoon configuration. In Illinois, trucks carry more than 50% of freight tonnage and constitute 25% of the traffic on interstates. Therefore, expected fuel savings would be significant for trucks. Deployment of truck platoons within interstate highways may have a direct effect on flexible pavement performance, as the time between consecutive axle loads (i.e., resting time) is expected to decrease significantly. Moreover, platoons could potentially accelerate pavement damage accumulation due to trucks’ channelized position, decreasing pavement service life and increasing maintenance and rehabilitation costs. The main objective of this project was to quantify the effects of truck platoons on pavements and to provide guidelines to control corresponding potential pavement damage. Finite-element models were utilized to quantify the impact of rest period on pavement damage. Recovered and accumulated strains were predicted by fitting exponential functions to the calculated strain profiles. The results suggested that strain accumulation was negligible at a truck spacing greater that 10 ft. A new methodology to control pavement damage due to truck platoons was introduced. The method optimizes trucks’ lateral positions on the pavements, and an increase in pavement service life could be achieved if all platoons follow this optimization method. Life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis were conducted for fully autonomous, human-driven, and mixed-traffic regimes. For example, for an analysis period of 45 years, channelized truck platoons could save life cycle costs and environmental impacts by 28% and 21% compared with human-driven trucks, respectively. Furthermore, optimum truck platoon configuration could reduce life cycle costs and environmental impacts by 48% and 36%, respectively, compared with human-driven trucks. In contrast, channelized traffic could increase pavement roughness, increasing fuel consumption by 15%, even though platooning vehicles still benefit from reduction in air drag forces. Given that truck platoons are expected to be connected only in the first phase, no actions are required by the agency. However, in the second phase when truck platoons are also expected to be autonomous, a protocol for driving trends should be established per the recommendation of this study.

ACS Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Egemen Okte; Aravind Ramakrishnan; Qingwen Zhou; Watheq Sayeh. Truck Platooning on Flexible Pavements in Illinois. Truck Platooning on Flexible Pavements in Illinois 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Imad Al-Qadi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Egemen Okte, Aravind Ramakrishnan, Qingwen Zhou, Watheq Sayeh. Truck Platooning on Flexible Pavements in Illinois. Truck Platooning on Flexible Pavements in Illinois. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Egemen Okte; Aravind Ramakrishnan; Qingwen Zhou; Watheq Sayeh. 2021. "Truck Platooning on Flexible Pavements in Illinois." Truck Platooning on Flexible Pavements in Illinois , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 20 April 2021 in Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
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Dynamic wheel load (DWL) may result in additional pavement damage. This study examined the impact of DWL on pavement performance using mechanistic tractor-trailer and three-dimensional (3-D) viscoelastic finite element (FE) pavement models. Based on the result of FE simulations, a correlation between the pavement responses and DWL was established. Using the mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide approach, the pavement service life was predicted. A case study based on life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC) methodologies was performed to study the DWL impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, energy consumption, and cost. The study identified the probabilistic distribution of pavement service life due to DWL. The effect of pavement service life on the environmental impact of each LCA stage was investigated. Finally, optimal sustainable solutions considering both environmental and economic impacts were introduced using a Pareto frontier analysis.

ACS Style

Seunggu Kang; Imad L. Al-Qadi; Osman Erman Gungor. Impact of dynamic wheel load on roadway infrastructure sustainability. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2021, 94, 102811 .

AMA Style

Seunggu Kang, Imad L. Al-Qadi, Osman Erman Gungor. Impact of dynamic wheel load on roadway infrastructure sustainability. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2021; 94 ():102811.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seunggu Kang; Imad L. Al-Qadi; Osman Erman Gungor. 2021. "Impact of dynamic wheel load on roadway infrastructure sustainability." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 94, no. : 102811.

Journal article
Published: 09 April 2021 in Sensors
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Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has been used for asphalt concrete (AC) pavement density prediction for the past two decades. Recently, it has been considered as a method for pavement quality control and quality assurance. A numerical method to estimate asphalt pavement specific gravity from its dielectric properties was developed and validated. A three-phase numerical model considering aggregate, binder, and air void components was developed using an AC mixture generation algorithm. A take-and-add algorithm was used to generate the uneven air-void distribution in the three-phase model. The proposed three-phase model is capable of correlating pavement density and bulk and component dielectric properties. The model was validated using field data. Two methods were used to calculate the dielectric constant of the AC mixture, including reflection amplitude and two-way travel time methods. These were simulated and compared when vertical and longitudinal heterogeneity existed within the AC pavement layers. Results indicate that the reflection amplitude method is more sensitive to surface thin layers than the two-way travel time methods. Effect of air-void content, asphalt content, aggregate gradation, and aggregate dielectric constants on the GPR measurements were studied using the numerical model.

ACS Style

Qingqing Cao; Imad Al-Qadi. Development of a Numerical Model to Predict the Dielectric Properties of Heterogeneous Asphalt Concrete. Sensors 2021, 21, 2643 .

AMA Style

Qingqing Cao, Imad Al-Qadi. Development of a Numerical Model to Predict the Dielectric Properties of Heterogeneous Asphalt Concrete. Sensors. 2021; 21 (8):2643.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qingqing Cao; Imad Al-Qadi. 2021. "Development of a Numerical Model to Predict the Dielectric Properties of Heterogeneous Asphalt Concrete." Sensors 21, no. 8: 2643.

Journal article
Published: 11 March 2021 in International Journal of Pavement Engineering
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Strength and fracture-based tests have been developed to assess the cracking potential of asphalt concrete (AC). The major difference between them is the presence of a notch in fracture tests. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlations between AC strengths and energy-based indices obtained from these tests, theoretically and experimentally. Theoretically, the role of a notch is presented and validated experimentally using 13 various AC mixtures. Strength tests, Indirect Tensile Test (IDT) and Indirect Tensile Cracking Test (IDEAL-CT), and a fracture test, Illinois Flexibility Index Test (I-FIT) were used. In addition, digital image correlation (DIC) was utilised to monitor crack development and path, compute crack propagation speed, and identify location and mode of energy dissipation. Brittle AC exhibits limited plasticity in both strength and fracture tests. Hence, a correlation is, theoretically, expected between strength and fracture test results. Conversely, ductile AC exhibits high plasticity in a strength test, but limited plasticity in a fracture test due to the notch presence, which amplifies the stress around the crack tip. Hence, theoretically, no correlation is expected between strength and fracture test results. Both tests reported lower index values for brittle AC mixtures, but no trend for ductile AC mixtures. Using DIC, the process zone (PZ) magnitudes of strength specimens, such as IDEAL-CT, were greater than the fracture-process zone (FPZ) for fracture specimens, such as I-FIT. Although I-FIT exhibits a single well-defined crack path, its Flexibility Index (FI) variability is a direct result of crack propagation speed, which is a function of the AC inhomogeneity. The FI captures AC material-inherent variability, which is useful for AC risk assessment to control AC pavement premature cracking.

ACS Style

Imad L. Al-Qadi; Izak M. Said; Uthman Mohamed Ali; Jameel R. Kaddo. Cracking prediction of asphalt concrete using fracture and strength tests. International Journal of Pavement Engineering 2021, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Imad L. Al-Qadi, Izak M. Said, Uthman Mohamed Ali, Jameel R. Kaddo. Cracking prediction of asphalt concrete using fracture and strength tests. International Journal of Pavement Engineering. 2021; ():1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Imad L. Al-Qadi; Izak M. Said; Uthman Mohamed Ali; Jameel R. Kaddo. 2021. "Cracking prediction of asphalt concrete using fracture and strength tests." International Journal of Pavement Engineering , no. : 1-13.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2021 in Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements
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ACS Style

Jose Rivera-Pérez; Hasan Ozer; John Lambros; Imad L. Al-Qadi. Illinois Flexibility Index Test: Effect of Specimen Geometry and Test Configuration on the Asphalt Concrete Damage Zone. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements 2021, 147, 04020085 .

AMA Style

Jose Rivera-Pérez, Hasan Ozer, John Lambros, Imad L. Al-Qadi. Illinois Flexibility Index Test: Effect of Specimen Geometry and Test Configuration on the Asphalt Concrete Damage Zone. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements. 2021; 147 (1):04020085.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose Rivera-Pérez; Hasan Ozer; John Lambros; Imad L. Al-Qadi. 2021. "Illinois Flexibility Index Test: Effect of Specimen Geometry and Test Configuration on the Asphalt Concrete Damage Zone." Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements 147, no. 1: 04020085.

Report
Published: 01 February 2021 in Truck-Platoonable Pavement Sections in Illinois’ Network
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Truck platooning has many benefits over traditional truck mobility. Literature shows that platooning improves safety and reduces fuel consumption between 5% and 15% based on platoon configuration. In Illinois, trucks carry more than 50% of freight tonnage and constitute 25% of the traffic on interstates. Deployment of truck platooning within interstate highways would result in significant fuel savings, but may have a direct impact on flexible pavement performance. The channelization of the platoon and reduced rest time between consecutive loads would accelerate the damage accumulation at the channelized position. Ultimately, this would lead to pavement service life reduction and a subsequent increase in maintenance and rehabilitation costs. Therefore, the main objective of this project is to quantify the effects of platooning on flexible pavements and provide guidelines for the state of Illinois by considering the aforementioned factors. Although the benefits of platooning are quantifiable, not every truck route is platoonable. For efficient platooning, trucks need to travel at a constant high speed for extended distances. The integrity of the platoon should be preserved because interfering vehicles would compromise the platooning benefits and road safety. An introduced high-level approach considers the volume/capacity of a roadway and the expected number of highway exit and entry conflicts. Using these parameters, each roadway section is assigned a level of platoonability, ranging from one to five—with five being the highest. A framework was developed to analyze the Illinois highway network. It was found that 89% of the network highway is platoonable under average capacity conditions.

ACS Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Egemen Okte; Aravind Ramakrishnan; Qingwen Zhou; Watheq Sayeh. Truck-Platoonable Pavement Sections in Illinois’ Network. Truck-Platoonable Pavement Sections in Illinois’ Network 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Imad Al-Qadi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Egemen Okte, Aravind Ramakrishnan, Qingwen Zhou, Watheq Sayeh. Truck-Platoonable Pavement Sections in Illinois’ Network. Truck-Platoonable Pavement Sections in Illinois’ Network. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Egemen Okte; Aravind Ramakrishnan; Qingwen Zhou; Watheq Sayeh. 2021. "Truck-Platoonable Pavement Sections in Illinois’ Network." Truck-Platoonable Pavement Sections in Illinois’ Network , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2020 in International Journal of Pavement Engineering
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ACS Style

Jaime Hernandez; Imad L. Al-Qadi. Effect of joint rotation on curling responses in airfield rigid pavements. International Journal of Pavement Engineering 2020, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Jaime Hernandez, Imad L. Al-Qadi. Effect of joint rotation on curling responses in airfield rigid pavements. International Journal of Pavement Engineering. 2020; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jaime Hernandez; Imad L. Al-Qadi. 2020. "Effect of joint rotation on curling responses in airfield rigid pavements." International Journal of Pavement Engineering , no. : 1-8.

Report
Published: 01 August 2020 in CDF Analysis and Prediction Model for Air Resistance on Platooned Freight Trucks
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ACS Style

Ruifeng She; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Yanfeng Ouyang; Imad Al-Qadi. CDF Analysis and Prediction Model for Air Resistance on Platooned Freight Trucks. CDF Analysis and Prediction Model for Air Resistance on Platooned Freight Trucks 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Ruifeng She, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Yanfeng Ouyang, Imad Al-Qadi. CDF Analysis and Prediction Model for Air Resistance on Platooned Freight Trucks. CDF Analysis and Prediction Model for Air Resistance on Platooned Freight Trucks. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruifeng She; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Yanfeng Ouyang; Imad Al-Qadi. 2020. "CDF Analysis and Prediction Model for Air Resistance on Platooned Freight Trucks." CDF Analysis and Prediction Model for Air Resistance on Platooned Freight Trucks , no. : 1.

Report
Published: 01 August 2020 in Optimization of Lateral Position of Autonomous Trucks
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ACS Style

Osman Gungor; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Ruifeng She; Imad Al-Qadi; Yanfeng Ouyang. Optimization of Lateral Position of Autonomous Trucks. Optimization of Lateral Position of Autonomous Trucks 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Osman Gungor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Ruifeng She, Imad Al-Qadi, Yanfeng Ouyang. Optimization of Lateral Position of Autonomous Trucks. Optimization of Lateral Position of Autonomous Trucks. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Osman Gungor; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Ruifeng She; Imad Al-Qadi; Yanfeng Ouyang. 2020. "Optimization of Lateral Position of Autonomous Trucks." Optimization of Lateral Position of Autonomous Trucks , no. : 1.

Report
Published: 01 August 2020 in Development of a Flexible Pavement Design Framework for Autonomous and Connected Trucks
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ACS Style

Osman Gungor; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Imad Al-Qadi. Development of a Flexible Pavement Design Framework for Autonomous and Connected Trucks. Development of a Flexible Pavement Design Framework for Autonomous and Connected Trucks 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Osman Gungor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Imad Al-Qadi. Development of a Flexible Pavement Design Framework for Autonomous and Connected Trucks. Development of a Flexible Pavement Design Framework for Autonomous and Connected Trucks. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Osman Gungor; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Imad Al-Qadi. 2020. "Development of a Flexible Pavement Design Framework for Autonomous and Connected Trucks." Development of a Flexible Pavement Design Framework for Autonomous and Connected Trucks , no. : 1.

Report
Published: 01 June 2020 in Data Trends and Variability in Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Statistical Analysis
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ACS Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; José Rivera-Perez; Hasan Ozer; Watheq Sayeh; Javier García Mainieri; Hadi Meidani; John Huang; Adam Hand; Arizona State University; Interra Inc.. Data Trends and Variability in Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Statistical Analysis. Data Trends and Variability in Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Statistical Analysis 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Imad Al-Qadi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, José Rivera-Perez, Hasan Ozer, Watheq Sayeh, Javier García Mainieri, Hadi Meidani, John Huang, Adam Hand, Arizona State University, Interra Inc.. Data Trends and Variability in Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Statistical Analysis. Data Trends and Variability in Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Statistical Analysis. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; José Rivera-Perez; Hasan Ozer; Watheq Sayeh; Javier García Mainieri; Hadi Meidani; John Huang; Adam Hand; Arizona State University; Interra Inc.. 2020. "Data Trends and Variability in Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Statistical Analysis." Data Trends and Variability in Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Statistical Analysis , no. : 1.

Report
Published: 01 June 2020 in Case Studies Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Field Observations
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ACS Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; José Rivera-Perez; Watheq Sayeh; Javier García Mainieri; Hadi Meidani; John Huang; Hasan Ozer; Adam Hand; Interra Inc.; Arizona State University. Case Studies Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Field Observations. Case Studies Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Field Observations 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Imad Al-Qadi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, José Rivera-Perez, Watheq Sayeh, Javier García Mainieri, Hadi Meidani, John Huang, Hasan Ozer, Adam Hand, Interra Inc., Arizona State University. Case Studies Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Field Observations. Case Studies Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Field Observations. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; José Rivera-Perez; Watheq Sayeh; Javier García Mainieri; Hadi Meidani; John Huang; Hasan Ozer; Adam Hand; Interra Inc.; Arizona State University. 2020. "Case Studies Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Field Observations." Case Studies Using Quality Control for Performance and Pay for Performance Specifications: Field Observations , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 07 May 2020 in Applied Sciences
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In recent years, increased use of recycled asphalt materials (RAP) has created a need for softer binders to compensate stiffer binder coming from RAP. Economic alternatives, like recycled oils and proprietary bio-based oils, can be potential modifiers that will reduce the dependence on petroleum-based alternatives. However, there is limited information on the long-term rheological performance of binders modified with proprietary modifiers. These modifiers are chemically complex and their interaction with binders further complicates the binder chemistry. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of modifier chemistry on modified binders’ long-term cracking potential. A base binder of Superpave Performance Grade (PG) 64-22 was used to develop PG 58-28 binder using six different modifiers. An unmodified PG 58-28 was included for a comparative analysis. A few modified binders rheologically outperformed the base binder and others performed similarly. The modifier derived from recycled engine oil showed the worst performance. Chemical analysis indicated that the best performing modified binders had significant amounts of nitrogen in the form of amines. On the other hand, poor performing modified binder had traces of sulfur. Additionally, modifiers with lower average molecular weights appeared to have a positive impact on the performance of aged binders.

ACS Style

Punit Singhvi; Javier J. García Mainieri; Hasan Ozer; Brajendra K. Sharma; Imad L. Al-Qadi. Effect of Chemical Composition of Bio- and Petroleum-Based Modifiers on Asphalt Binder Rheology. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3249 .

AMA Style

Punit Singhvi, Javier J. García Mainieri, Hasan Ozer, Brajendra K. Sharma, Imad L. Al-Qadi. Effect of Chemical Composition of Bio- and Petroleum-Based Modifiers on Asphalt Binder Rheology. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (9):3249.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Punit Singhvi; Javier J. García Mainieri; Hasan Ozer; Brajendra K. Sharma; Imad L. Al-Qadi. 2020. "Effect of Chemical Composition of Bio- and Petroleum-Based Modifiers on Asphalt Binder Rheology." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9: 3249.

Journal article
Published: 06 May 2020 in NDT & E International
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Real-time asphalt concrete (AC) pavement density monitoring is important for quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) purposes, because it allows correction during the compaction process. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is capable of providing real-time AC mixture density prediction using the Al-Qadi, Lahouar, and Leng (ALL) density prediction model. However, noise sources, such as surface moisture and vibrations, may jeopardize the AC density prediction accuracy. This study proposes a mean reflection coefficient algorithm and digital filter design method to remove the surface moisture and smooth the density profile. In the mean reflection algorithm, the frequency-select bandwidth was selected as 40–70% of the actual peak frequency in the magnitude spectrum through the simulation studies. White Gaussian noise was added in the models for robustness testing. In the digital filter design method, the magnitude spectrum of the GPR predicted density profile was analyzed to decide filter types and corresponding parameters. Thresholding method was used to remove abnormal values, and window-based finite impulse response (FIR) filters were used to smooth the density profile. Lab-controlled and field tests were performed for both algorithms. Estimated aggregate dielectric constant was used to predict pavement density. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of different aggregate dielectric constant on density (or air void). For surface moisture effect removal, mean reflection coefficient algorithm may be utilized to reconstruct dielectric constant values at an error less than 4%. This algorithm is independent of the antenna central frequency. For the density profile smoothing during continuous GPR survey, results show that various filter types have comparable smoothing performances. For the effect of aggregate dielectric constant on density prediction, sensitivity analysis shows that when aggregate dielectric constant values changes from 6.5 to 7, the predicted air void increases from 2.5% to 6.3%. This indicates the importance of an accurate aggregate dielectric constant estimate when applying ALL model for pavement density predictions; hence, aggregate dielectric constant estimate must be utilized.

ACS Style

Siqi Wang; Imad L. Al-Qadi; Qingqing Cao. Factors Impacting Monitoring Asphalt Pavement Density by Ground Penetrating Radar. NDT & E International 2020, 115, 102296 .

AMA Style

Siqi Wang, Imad L. Al-Qadi, Qingqing Cao. Factors Impacting Monitoring Asphalt Pavement Density by Ground Penetrating Radar. NDT & E International. 2020; 115 ():102296.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Siqi Wang; Imad L. Al-Qadi; Qingqing Cao. 2020. "Factors Impacting Monitoring Asphalt Pavement Density by Ground Penetrating Radar." NDT & E International 115, no. : 102296.

Articles
Published: 12 March 2020 in International Journal of Pavement Engineering
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The lateral position of truck loading is a random phenomenon for human-driven trucks because they do not follow a straight path as they travel. Therefore, this variable has been called as wheel wandering in the pavement design community and has been considered in an implicit way. However, with the introduction of autonomous and connect trucks (ACTs), this variable is expected to be controllable using the embedded auto-pilot and communication technologies. Hence, it should be considered explicitly to accurately simulate the impact of ACTs on pavement damage accumulation. This study presents a framework that improves any analytical pavement damage accumulation approach to take a lateral position of loading as an explicit input. In this paper, the developed framework was applied on the state-of-the-practice pavement design approach, Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guideline (MEPDG). MEPDG's damage accumulation equations (i.e. rutting and fatigue cracking) were reinforced with curve fitting and function approximation techniques for explicit consideration of the lateral position. A simple numerical example was presented in the paper to demonstrate the effects of positioning wheel loads on accumulated damage.

ACS Style

Osman Erman Gungor; Imad L. Al-Qadi. Wander 2D: a flexible pavement design framework for autonomous and connected trucks. International Journal of Pavement Engineering 2020, 1 -16.

AMA Style

Osman Erman Gungor, Imad L. Al-Qadi. Wander 2D: a flexible pavement design framework for autonomous and connected trucks. International Journal of Pavement Engineering. 2020; ():1-16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Osman Erman Gungor; Imad L. Al-Qadi. 2020. "Wander 2D: a flexible pavement design framework for autonomous and connected trucks." International Journal of Pavement Engineering , no. : 1-16.

Report
Published: 01 March 2020 in Impact of New-generation Wide-base Tires on Pavement Structure and Fuel Consumption
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ACS Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Izak Said; Jaime Hernandez; Egemen Okte; Marquette University. Impact of New-generation Wide-base Tires on Pavement Structure and Fuel Consumption. Impact of New-generation Wide-base Tires on Pavement Structure and Fuel Consumption 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Imad Al-Qadi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Izak Said, Jaime Hernandez, Egemen Okte, Marquette University. Impact of New-generation Wide-base Tires on Pavement Structure and Fuel Consumption. Impact of New-generation Wide-base Tires on Pavement Structure and Fuel Consumption. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Imad Al-Qadi; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Izak Said; Jaime Hernandez; Egemen Okte; Marquette University. 2020. "Impact of New-generation Wide-base Tires on Pavement Structure and Fuel Consumption." Impact of New-generation Wide-base Tires on Pavement Structure and Fuel Consumption , no. : 1.

Articles
Published: 06 January 2020 in International Journal of Pavement Engineering
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It is widely accepted that using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) can improve the sustainability of pavements by reducing cost and and environmental footprint. However, this should be only valid when short- and long-term pavement performances are not compromised. This paper presents an experimental evaluation of the rheological properties of binders from various sources to investigate the effects of ageing and increasing asphalt binder replacement (ABR) levels achieved by adding RAP and RAS. In this study, binders were recovered from five asphalt concrete (AC) designed with varying ABR percentages (ranging from 0 to 60%) and evaluated using various rheological parameters. In addition to the standard Superpave grading parameters, the additional rheological parameters for low-temperature cracking susceptibility, block and fatigue cracking were derived from various dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests. In order to investigate effects of long-term ageing, base binders were subjected to extended ageing times using standard ageing protocols. Based on the outcome of the experimental programme, it was concluded that AC with ABR levels above 20% (RAS only) could suffer from short- and long-term cracking problems. Asphalt concrete with high ABR content can be at an already critically aged condition right after production. In addition, it was observed that ageing progresses much faster in the binders of such mixes.

ACS Style

Jing Ma; Punit Singhvi; Hasan Ozer; Imad L. Al-Qadi; Brajendra K. Sharma. Brittleness progression for short- and long-term aged asphalt binders with various levels of recycled binders. International Journal of Pavement Engineering 2020, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Jing Ma, Punit Singhvi, Hasan Ozer, Imad L. Al-Qadi, Brajendra K. Sharma. Brittleness progression for short- and long-term aged asphalt binders with various levels of recycled binders. International Journal of Pavement Engineering. 2020; ():1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jing Ma; Punit Singhvi; Hasan Ozer; Imad L. Al-Qadi; Brajendra K. Sharma. 2020. "Brittleness progression for short- and long-term aged asphalt binders with various levels of recycled binders." International Journal of Pavement Engineering , no. : 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2019 in Journal of Engineering Mechanics
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ACS Style

Robin E. Kim; Seunggu Kang; Billie F. Spencer; Imad L. Al-Qadi; Hasan Ozer. Impact of Pavement Roughness and Deflection on Fuel Consumption Using Energy Dissipation. Journal of Engineering Mechanics 2019, 145, 04019080 .

AMA Style

Robin E. Kim, Seunggu Kang, Billie F. Spencer, Imad L. Al-Qadi, Hasan Ozer. Impact of Pavement Roughness and Deflection on Fuel Consumption Using Energy Dissipation. Journal of Engineering Mechanics. 2019; 145 (10):04019080.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robin E. Kim; Seunggu Kang; Billie F. Spencer; Imad L. Al-Qadi; Hasan Ozer. 2019. "Impact of Pavement Roughness and Deflection on Fuel Consumption Using Energy Dissipation." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 145, no. 10: 04019080.