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The projection of climate change impacts can be very crucial for water resources planning and management. Hashtgerd plain is an immigrant destination due to socio-economic development and its proximity to the Tehran metropolis. The population growth has led to more water demand, resulting in excessive utilization of groundwater resources and water shortages in the agricultural sector. The water shortage and climate change in Hashtgerd plain could lead to more severe water crisis in the future. Therefore, this study aimed to provide adaptation strategies for minimizing the negative effects of climate change by taking into account the interaction between different sub-systems in Hashtgerd plain during 2020–2049 period. In order to assess the climate change impacts, the output of 19 AOGCMs models was used under RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios. A comprehensive model was developed based on the system dynamics theory to investigate the interactions of water resources, agriculture, and socio-economic sub-systems and were used to investigate the impacts of climate change and evaluate various adaptation strategies on different sub-systems of the region. The simulation results showed the negative effects of climate change will intensify the water shortage in Hashtgerd Plain. The agricultural sector will be more vulnerable to climate change than the domestic and industrial sectors. The results of various policies showed that improving water use efficiency coupled with reducing the cultivation of high-consumption crops and changing the cropping pattern towards lower water requirement plants can effectively minimize the adverse impacts of climate change on water shortages in agriculture.
Aida Mehrazar; Ali Reza Massah Bavani; Alireza Gohari; Mahmoud Mashal; Hadisseh Rahimikhoob. Adaptation of Water Resources System to Water Scarcity and Climate Change in the Suburb Area of Megacities. Water Resources Management 2020, 34, 3855 -3877.
AMA StyleAida Mehrazar, Ali Reza Massah Bavani, Alireza Gohari, Mahmoud Mashal, Hadisseh Rahimikhoob. Adaptation of Water Resources System to Water Scarcity and Climate Change in the Suburb Area of Megacities. Water Resources Management. 2020; 34 (12):3855-3877.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAida Mehrazar; Ali Reza Massah Bavani; Alireza Gohari; Mahmoud Mashal; Hadisseh Rahimikhoob. 2020. "Adaptation of Water Resources System to Water Scarcity and Climate Change in the Suburb Area of Megacities." Water Resources Management 34, no. 12: 3855-3877.
A sub-irrigated planter (SIP) is a container irrigation technique in which water is supplied to the crop from the bottom, stored in a saturated media-filled reservoir beneath an unsaturated soil, and then delivered by capillary action to the root zone. The aim of this study was to optimize the water management and to assess the performance of this technique in terms of water use efficiency, soil moisture, and solute distribution in comparison with surface irrigation in a Mediterranean greenhouse. The experiment consisted of four SIP treatments, with a constant water level in the bottom reservoir in order to evaluate the effect of two different irrigation salinities (1.2 and 2.2 dS m−1) and two depths of substrate profiles (25 and 15 cm). The results showed that SIP is capable of significantly improving both water-use efficiency and plant productivity compared with surface irrigation. Also, a 24% average reduction in water consumption was observed while using SIP. Moreover, SIPs with a higher depth were recommended as the optimum treatments within SIPs. The type of irrigation method affected the salinity distribution in the substrate profile; the highest salinity levels were registered at the top layers in SIPs, whereas the maximum salinity levels for the surface treatments were observed at the bottom layers. SIPs provide a practical solution for the irrigation of plants in areas facing water quality and scarcity problems.
Marjan Vahabi Mashhor; Mahmoud Mashal; Seyyed Ebrahim Hashemi Garmdareh; Juan Reca; Maria Teresa Lao; Maryam Veravipour; Hamed Ebrahimian. Growth, Yield, and Water Productivity Responses of Pepper to Sub-Irrigated Planter Systems in a Greenhouse. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1100 .
AMA StyleMarjan Vahabi Mashhor, Mahmoud Mashal, Seyyed Ebrahim Hashemi Garmdareh, Juan Reca, Maria Teresa Lao, Maryam Veravipour, Hamed Ebrahimian. Growth, Yield, and Water Productivity Responses of Pepper to Sub-Irrigated Planter Systems in a Greenhouse. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):1100.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarjan Vahabi Mashhor; Mahmoud Mashal; Seyyed Ebrahim Hashemi Garmdareh; Juan Reca; Maria Teresa Lao; Maryam Veravipour; Hamed Ebrahimian. 2020. "Growth, Yield, and Water Productivity Responses of Pepper to Sub-Irrigated Planter Systems in a Greenhouse." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 1100.
Mohsen Yazdanian; Mahmud Mashal; S.V Razavi. Seismic Vulnerability of Cylindrical Steel Liquid Storage Tanks for an Oil Industry Plant. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology-A Applied Sciences and Engineering 2017, 18, 1 -1.
AMA StyleMohsen Yazdanian, Mahmud Mashal, S.V Razavi. Seismic Vulnerability of Cylindrical Steel Liquid Storage Tanks for an Oil Industry Plant. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology-A Applied Sciences and Engineering. 2017; 18 (2):1-1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohsen Yazdanian; Mahmud Mashal; S.V Razavi. 2017. "Seismic Vulnerability of Cylindrical Steel Liquid Storage Tanks for an Oil Industry Plant." Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology-A Applied Sciences and Engineering 18, no. 2: 1-1.