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Long-distance caregiving (LDC) technologies play a significant role in enabling distant care and facilitating living-alone older adults to keep socially connected. However, there is scarce research exploring the older adults’ attitudes towards and intention to use such technologies. This paper is based on a systematic review of existing literature to explore the multifarious factors influencing independent community-living older adults’ attitudes towards and intention to use LDC technologies. Articles published in English between 2006 and 2020 were reviewed by searching electronic databases of PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost. The inclusion criteria were limited to quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods studies that involved: 1) distant caregiving; 2) older adults aged 60 years or above, who were living alone or with only their spouse in the community (even though the samples might also involve other non-older adults); 3) technologies including ICT-based devices, systems, or programs enabling data transmission were used; 4), intention to use or behavioral usage in regard to the technologies were reported or discussed. In total, 41 out of 8674 articles were included. Both determinants and moderators of affecting the use of the ICT-based LDC technologies were identified with theoretical guidance. To summarize, there are personal factors involved, such as personality, concerns regarding security and privacy, health conditions, requisite knowledge, financial conditions, and influence from significant others, encompassing formal and informal caregivers; and factors related to the devices, in terms of their user-friendliness and functionality. This review highlights the importance of striking a good balance between functionality and privacy concerns, besides considering the direct and indirect cost to users. LDC technology education should be promoted at the societal level to facilitate older adults’ better understanding of the device utilities by enhancing their technological literacy. Implications for various stakeholders to cope with the challenges of an aging population are also discussed.
J. Wang; Y. Fu; V. Lou; S.Y. Tan; E. Chui. A systematic review of factors influencing attitudes towards and intention to use the long-distance caregiving technologies for older adults. International Journal of Medical Informatics 2021, 153, 104536 .
AMA StyleJ. Wang, Y. Fu, V. Lou, S.Y. Tan, E. Chui. A systematic review of factors influencing attitudes towards and intention to use the long-distance caregiving technologies for older adults. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 2021; 153 ():104536.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. Wang; Y. Fu; V. Lou; S.Y. Tan; E. Chui. 2021. "A systematic review of factors influencing attitudes towards and intention to use the long-distance caregiving technologies for older adults." International Journal of Medical Informatics 153, no. : 104536.
While policy study of smart city developments is gaining traction, it falls short of understanding and explaining knowledge transfers across national borders and cities. This article investigates how transboundary learning occurs through the initiation and development of a regional smart cities network: the ASEAN Smart Cities Network (ASCN). The article conducts an in-depth case study from data collected through key informant interviews and document analysis. Spearheaded by Singapore in 2017, ASCN is seen as a soft power extension for Singapore, a branding tool for ASEAN, and a symbiotic platform between the private sector and governments in the region. Most transboundary knowledge transfers within the ASCN are voluntary transfers of policy ideas. Effective branding, demand for knowledge, availability of alternative funding options, enthusiasm from the private actors, and heightened interest from other major economies are highlighted as facilitators of knowledge transfer. However, the complexity of governance structures, lack of political will and resources, limited policy capacity, and lack of explicit operational and regulatory mechanisms hinder transboundary learning. The article concludes that transboundary learning should go beyond exchanges of ideas and recommends promoting facilitators of knowledge transfer, building local policy capacity, encouraging collaborative policy transfer, and transiting from an information-sharing platform to tool/instrument-based transfer.
Si-Ying Tan; Araz Taeihagh; Kritika Sha. How Transboundary Learning Occurs: Case Study of the ASEAN Smart Cities Network (ASCN). Sustainability 2021, 13, 6502 .
AMA StyleSi-Ying Tan, Araz Taeihagh, Kritika Sha. How Transboundary Learning Occurs: Case Study of the ASEAN Smart Cities Network (ASCN). Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6502.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi-Ying Tan; Araz Taeihagh; Kritika Sha. 2021. "How Transboundary Learning Occurs: Case Study of the ASEAN Smart Cities Network (ASCN)." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6502.
Rooted in the spiritual tradition of Buddhism, mindfulness-based practices have proliferated in medicine and psychology for the past few decades through secularized adaptations of its fundamental tenets into various psychosocial treatment modalities. The extension of the applications of mindfulness-based practices to different types of social work interventions is on the rise. This chapter discusses the application of mindfulness-based practices in the context of social work from three angles. First, we review the applications of mindfulness-based practices among marginalized population groups who are often excluded from the mainstream institutions. We apply social justice framework which emphasizes on fairness and inclusivity of access toward social resources for all segments of population in the society in our analysis, examining both the micro and macro practices of mindfulness-based interventions. Following that, we discuss the way in which mindfulness-based practices can be harnessed as an internal resource to strengthen social workers’ capacities as helping professionals and to increase their capabilities for self-care. Finally, we examine the extent to which mindfulness-based practices have been adopted in social work curriculum and pedagogy as part of the social work trainings in different cultures. We conclude that there are great potentials for the application of mindfulness-based practices in social service settings, particularly in an integrative manner with many existing social work interventions.
Si Ying Tan; Shian-Ling Keng. Application of Mindfulness-Based Approaches in the Context of Social Work. Mental Health and Social Work 2020, 311 -329.
AMA StyleSi Ying Tan, Shian-Ling Keng. Application of Mindfulness-Based Approaches in the Context of Social Work. Mental Health and Social Work. 2020; ():311-329.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Ying Tan; Shian-Ling Keng. 2020. "Application of Mindfulness-Based Approaches in the Context of Social Work." Mental Health and Social Work , no. : 311-329.
Smart cities that make broad use of digital technologies have been touted as possible solutions for the population pressures faced by many cities in developing countries and may help meet the rising demand for services and infrastructure. Nevertheless, the high financial cost involved in infrastructure maintenance, the substantial size of the informal economies, and various governance challenges are curtailing government idealism regarding smart cities. This review examines the state of smart city development in developing countries, which includes understanding the conceptualisations, motivations, and unique drivers behind (and barriers to) smarty city development. A total of 56 studies were identified from a systematic literature review from an initial pool of 3928 social sciences literature identified from two academic databases. Data were analysed using thematic synthesis and thematic analysis. The review found that technology-enabled smart cities in developing countries can only be realised when concurrent socioeconomic, human, legal, and regulatory reforms are instituted. Governments need to step up their efforts to fulfil the basic infrastructure needs of citizens, raise more revenue, construct clear regulatory frameworks to mitigate the technological risks involved, develop human capital, ensure digital inclusivity, and promote environmental sustainability. A supportive ecosystem that encourages citizen participation, nurtures start-ups, and promotes public–private partnerships needs to be created to realise their smart city vision.
Si Tan; Araz Taeihagh. Smart City Governance in Developing Countries: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability 2020, 12, 899 .
AMA StyleSi Tan, Araz Taeihagh. Smart City Governance in Developing Countries: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):899.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Tan; Araz Taeihagh. 2020. "Smart City Governance in Developing Countries: A Systematic Literature Review." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 899.
Rapid demographic shifts and socio-economic changes are fuelling concerns over the inadequate supply of informal care – the most common source of care-giving for older people in China. Unmet long-term care needs, which are believed to cause numerous adverse effects on health, continue to increase. Drawing data from the 2015 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey, this study explores the relationship between informal care provision and unmet long-term care needs among older people in China. We first examine the availability of informal care among older people with disabilities. We then analyse whether a higher intensity of informal care leads to lower unmet needs. Our findings suggest that the majority of older people with disabilities receive a low intensity of care, i.e. less than 80 hours per month. Besides, a higher intensity of informal care received could significantly lower the probabilities of unmet needs for the disabled older adults who have mainly instrumental activities of daily living limitations. Our study points out that informal care cannot address the needs of those who are struggling with multi-dimensional difficulties in their daily living. Our findings highlight a pressing need for the government to buttress the formal care provision and delivery systems to support both informal care-givers and disabled older people in China.
Wei Yang; Si Ying Tan. Is informal care sufficient to meet the long-term care needs of older people with disabilities in China? Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey. Ageing and Society 2019, 41, 980 -999.
AMA StyleWei Yang, Si Ying Tan. Is informal care sufficient to meet the long-term care needs of older people with disabilities in China? Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey. Ageing and Society. 2019; 41 (5):980-999.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei Yang; Si Ying Tan. 2019. "Is informal care sufficient to meet the long-term care needs of older people with disabilities in China? Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey." Ageing and Society 41, no. 5: 980-999.
Rooted in the spiritual tradition of Buddhism, mindfulness-based practices have proliferated in medicine and psychology for the past few decades through secularized adaptations of its fundamental tenets into various psychosocial treatment modalities. The extension of the applications of mindfulness-based practices to different types of social work interventions is on the rise. This chapter discusses the application of mindfulness-based practices in the context of social work from three angles. First, we review the applications of mindfulness-based practices among marginalized population groups who are often excluded from the mainstream institutions. We apply social justice framework which emphasizes on fairness and inclusivity of access toward social resources for all segments of population in the society in our analysis, examining both the micro and macro practices of mindfulness-based interventions. Following that, we discuss the way in which mindfulness-based practices can be harnessed as an internal resource to strengthen social workers’ capacities as helping professionals and to increase their capabilities for self-care. Finally, we examine the extent to which mindfulness-based practices have been adopted in social work curriculum and pedagogy as part of the social work trainings in different cultures. We conclude that there are great potentials for the application of mindfulness-based practices in social service settings, particularly in an integrative manner with many existing social work interventions.
Si Ying Tan; Shian-Ling Keng. Application of Mindfulness-Based Approaches in the Context of Social Work. Mental Health and Social Work 2019, 1 -19.
AMA StyleSi Ying Tan, Shian-Ling Keng. Application of Mindfulness-Based Approaches in the Context of Social Work. Mental Health and Social Work. 2019; ():1-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Ying Tan; Shian-Ling Keng. 2019. "Application of Mindfulness-Based Approaches in the Context of Social Work." Mental Health and Social Work , no. : 1-19.
Rooted in the spiritual tradition of Buddhism, mindfulness-based practices have proliferated in medicine and psychology for the past few decades through secularized adaptations of its fundamental tenets into various psychosocial treatment modalities. The extension of the applications of mindfulness-based practices to different types of social work interventions is on the rise. This chapter discusses the application of mindfulness-based practices in the context of social work from three angles. First, we review the applications of mindfulness-based practices among marginalized population groups who are often excluded from the mainstream institutions. We apply social justice framework which emphasizes on fairness and inclusivity of access toward social resources for all segments of population in the society in our analysis, examining both the micro and macro practices of mindfulness-based interventions. Following that, we discuss the way in which mindfulness-based practices can be harnessed as an internal resource to strengthen social workers’ capacities as helping professionals and to increase their capabilities for self-care. Finally, we examine the extent to which mindfulness-based practices have been adopted in social work curriculum and pedagogy as part of the social work trainings in different cultures. We conclude that there are great potentials for the application of mindfulness-based practices in social service settings, particularly in an integrative manner with many existing social work interventions.
Si Ying Tan; Shian-Ling Keng. Application of Mindfulness-Based Approaches in the Context of Social Work. Mental Health and Social Work 2019, 1 -19.
AMA StyleSi Ying Tan, Shian-Ling Keng. Application of Mindfulness-Based Approaches in the Context of Social Work. Mental Health and Social Work. 2019; ():1-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Ying Tan; Shian-Ling Keng. 2019. "Application of Mindfulness-Based Approaches in the Context of Social Work." Mental Health and Social Work , no. : 1-19.
Objective Launched to assist in achieving universal health coverage, provider payment reform (PPR) is one of the most important policy tools deployed to transform incentives within a health system that is plagued with allocative inefficiency and high out-of-pocket payments to one that is able to deliver basic services and be cost-efficient. However, the black box of such reform – that is, the contexts in which reform operates, the mechanisms by which it changes health systems and behaviour within health systems, and the outcome patterns that arise from – remains unexplored. This review aims to examine the implementation mechanisms underlying PPR in Asian developing countries. Methods A realist synthesis approach was employed to tease out the configurative elements of PPR in developing countries. A multimethod and retrospective search was conducted to locate the evidence. A programme theory and data extraction framework were developed. Data were analysed using thematic synthesis to inform an overarching realist synthesis, expressed as a set of synthesized context-mechanism-outcome configurations. Results This review found that the policy design of PPR, policy capacity, willingness of policy adoption at the local government level and provider autonomy are critical contextual factors that could trigger different policy mechanisms leading to either intended theoretical outcomes or perverse incentives. Conclusions Our findings, demonstrating the PPR implementation contexts and mechanisms that have worked in Asian countries, have implications in terms of policy learning for most developing countries that are contemplating rolling out similar reforms in the future.
Si Ying Tan; G J Melendez-Torres; Tikki Pang. Implementation of provider payment system reforms in the age of universal health coverage: a realist review of evidence from Asian developing countries. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 2019, 24, 279 -287.
AMA StyleSi Ying Tan, G J Melendez-Torres, Tikki Pang. Implementation of provider payment system reforms in the age of universal health coverage: a realist review of evidence from Asian developing countries. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy. 2019; 24 (4):279-287.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Ying Tan; G J Melendez-Torres; Tikki Pang. 2019. "Implementation of provider payment system reforms in the age of universal health coverage: a realist review of evidence from Asian developing countries." Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 24, no. 4: 279-287.
One of the most important components of the ambitious 2014 National Health Insurance reform in Indonesia is the implementation of prospective payment system known as capitation grants, paid monthly to the primary health providers based on the enrolment rate. This has ushered in additional financial resources for the health managers in resource allocations, especially in the hiring of manpower. Drawing data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (1993‐2015), this paper uses difference‐in‐differences method to evaluate the effects of the payment method reform on the allocation of human resources for health among the primary health providers. To our surprise, there was no statistically significant change in the total number of full‐time staff among the capitated facilities after the reform. However, capitation grants caused an increase in the number of full‐time equivalent and part‐time equivalent contract staff, but a significant decline in the number of full‐time permanent staff among the urban capitated facilities. It is likely that more contract health workers were hired at the expense of full‐time permanent staff among the capitated facilities in the urban regions. This unintended consequence shed light on the need to develop nuanced and contextual understanding of payment reforms in developing countries.
Si Ying Tan; Jiwei Qian. An unintended consequence of provider payment reform: The case of capitation grants in the National Health Insurance reform of Indonesia. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management 2019, 34, e1688 -e1710.
AMA StyleSi Ying Tan, Jiwei Qian. An unintended consequence of provider payment reform: The case of capitation grants in the National Health Insurance reform of Indonesia. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management. 2019; 34 (4):e1688-e1710.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Ying Tan; Jiwei Qian. 2019. "An unintended consequence of provider payment reform: The case of capitation grants in the National Health Insurance reform of Indonesia." The International Journal of Health Planning and Management 34, no. 4: e1688-e1710.
While moving towards unified social health insurance (SHI) is often a politically popular policy reform in countries where rapid expansion in health insurance coverage has given rise to the segmentation of SHI systems as different SHI schemes were rolled out to serve different populations, the potential impacts of reform on service utilisation and health costs have not been systematically studied. Using data from the Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we compared the mean costs incurred for both inpatient and outpatient care under different health insurance schemes, and the impact of different SHI schemes on treatment utilisation and health care costs using a two-part model. Our results show that Urban Employee Medical Insurance, which offers the most generous benefits, incurs the highest total costs prior to reimbursement when compared to other SHI schemes. Our analysis also shows that utilisation of SHI did not show significant reduction in out-of-pocket payments for outpatients. We argue that, unless effective measures are introduced to deal with perverse provider payment incentives, the move towards a unified system with more generous benefits may usher in a new wave of cost escalation for health care systems in China.
Si Ying Tan; Xun Wu; Wei Yang. Impacts of the type of social health insurance on health service utilisation and expenditures: implications for a unified system in China. Health Economics, Policy and Law 2018, 14, 468 -486.
AMA StyleSi Ying Tan, Xun Wu, Wei Yang. Impacts of the type of social health insurance on health service utilisation and expenditures: implications for a unified system in China. Health Economics, Policy and Law. 2018; 14 (4):468-486.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Ying Tan; Xun Wu; Wei Yang. 2018. "Impacts of the type of social health insurance on health service utilisation and expenditures: implications for a unified system in China." Health Economics, Policy and Law 14, no. 4: 468-486.
Substantial variations in policy implementation at the subnational level have long plagued Indonesia – a vast developing country that has witnessed regional variations in policy performance since administrative decentralization took place. Using a comparative case study method, this study examined institutional factors that affected the implementation of capitation payment systems among primary healthcare providers in three districts in Indonesia. Though possessing jurisdictional similarities in terms of their sociocultural characteristics and political party dominance, differences in the degree of bureaucratic autonomy and policy capacity among local health actors at the district level engendered implementation variations in terms of the policy performance and implementation styles of local health actors. Both diagnostic and analytical insights derived from the findings of this study could pave the way towards better stakeholder engagement when contemplating local level capacity-building initiatives, making them better suited to local policy contexts in the future.
Si Ying Tan. Bureaucratic autonomy and policy capacity in the implementation of capitation payment systems in primary healthcare: comparative case studies of three districts in Central Java, Indonesia. Journal of Asian Public Policy 2018, 12, 330 -350.
AMA StyleSi Ying Tan. Bureaucratic autonomy and policy capacity in the implementation of capitation payment systems in primary healthcare: comparative case studies of three districts in Central Java, Indonesia. Journal of Asian Public Policy. 2018; 12 (3):330-350.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Ying Tan. 2018. "Bureaucratic autonomy and policy capacity in the implementation of capitation payment systems in primary healthcare: comparative case studies of three districts in Central Java, Indonesia." Journal of Asian Public Policy 12, no. 3: 330-350.
The reform of provider payment systems, from retrospective to prospective payment, has been heralded as the right move to contain costs in the light of rising health expenditures in many countries. However, there are concerns on quality trade-off. The heightened attention given to prospective payment system (PPS) reforms and the rise of empirical evidence regarding PPS interventions among developing countries suggest that a systematic review is necessary to understand the effects of PPS reforms in developing countries. A systematic search of 14 databases and a hand search of health policy journals and grey literature from October to November 2016 were carried out, guided by a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted based on the Consolidated Health Economics Evaluation Reporting Standards checklist. Drummond’s 10-item checklist for economic evaluation, Cochrane Collaboration’s tool in assessing risk of bias for randomized trials, and Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions were used to critically appraise the evidence. A total of 12 studies reported in China, Thailand and Vietnam were included in this review. Substantial heterogeneity was present in PPS policy design across different localities. PPS interventions were found to have reduced health expenditures on both the supply and demand side, as well as length of stay and readmission rates. In addition, PPS generally improved service quality outcomes by reducing the likelihood or percentage of physicians prescribing unnecessary drugs and diagnostic procedures. PPS is a promising policy tool for middle-income countries to achieve reasonable health policy objectives in terms of cost containment without necessarily compromising the quality of care. More evaluations of PPS will need to be conducted in the future in order to broaden the evidence base beyond middle-income countries.
Si Ying Tan; G J Melendez-Torres. Do prospective payment systems (PPSs) lead to desirable providers’ incentives and patients’ outcomes? A systematic review of evidence from developing countries. Health Policy and Planning 2017, 33, 137 -153.
AMA StyleSi Ying Tan, G J Melendez-Torres. Do prospective payment systems (PPSs) lead to desirable providers’ incentives and patients’ outcomes? A systematic review of evidence from developing countries. Health Policy and Planning. 2017; 33 (1):137-153.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Ying Tan; G J Melendez-Torres. 2017. "Do prospective payment systems (PPSs) lead to desirable providers’ incentives and patients’ outcomes? A systematic review of evidence from developing countries." Health Policy and Planning 33, no. 1: 137-153.
Female sex work accounts for about 15% of the global HIV burden in women. Asia is the region with the second highest attributable fraction of the HIV epidemic after sub-Saharan Africa. This review synthesises studies that depict the barriers and facilitators encountered by sex workers in Asia when negotiating consistent condom use. A total of 18 studies published between January 1989 and May 2015 were included in the review. Data were extracted, critically appraised and analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Individual-level factors related to sex workers' knowledge, perception and power, as well as interpersonal-level factors that encompassed dynamics with clients and peer-related factors, presented as both barriers and facilitators to sex workers' condom negotiation process. In addition, the structural environment of sex work, access to resources, poverty, stigma, the legal environment and the role of media were also identified as factors in influencing the condom negotiation process of sex workers. A multisectoral interventional approach that addresses the multilevel barriers encountered by sex workers in condom negotiation is needed. Awareness of safe-sex practice should be collectively enhanced among sex workers, clients and brothel managers.
Si Ying Tan; G. J. Melendez-Torres. A systematic review and metasynthesis of barriers and facilitators to negotiating consistent condom use among sex workers in Asia. Culture, Health & Sexuality 2015, 18, 249 -264.
AMA StyleSi Ying Tan, G. J. Melendez-Torres. A systematic review and metasynthesis of barriers and facilitators to negotiating consistent condom use among sex workers in Asia. Culture, Health & Sexuality. 2015; 18 (3):249-264.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Ying Tan; G. J. Melendez-Torres. 2015. "A systematic review and metasynthesis of barriers and facilitators to negotiating consistent condom use among sex workers in Asia." Culture, Health & Sexuality 18, no. 3: 249-264.
Employment sustainability is one of the most pressing issues inflicting people living with HIV (PLHIV). A qualitative approach was used to elucidate the perceived challenges in sustaining their employment and the perceived barriers in re-entering the workforce for HIV patients. In-depth interviews were conducted with 16 patients from an acute hospital in Singapore. The main challenges raised in sustaining employment were: (1) ability to ensure secrecy of diagnosis from employers, (2) ability to secure financial resources for treatment and sustenance, (3) ability to ensure stable health to meet job requirements, (4) ability to cognitively sit with the concerns of uncertainty and limitations in career, and (5) ability to work through discriminatory workplace practices. The perceived barriers in gaining workforce re-entry were: (1) fear of pre-employment medical screening and potential discriminatory practices at workplace, (2) concerns over health (frequent hospital admissions, physical weakness, and existing medical co-morbidities), and (3) psychosocial challenges (unstable accommodation, older age, financial issues, and trade skills limitation). The overarching factor that influences the success of sustaining and securing an employment among HIV patients is secrecy of the diagnosis. The individuals' health status, financial status and access to healthcare, and other psychosocial challenges further compound the issue.
Si Ying Tan; Lai Meng Ow Yong; Jasmin Yuet Ee Foong; Nicole Huay Sze Wong; Li Ling Chew; Yin Ling Koh. Securing and Sustaining Employment: Concerns of HIV Patients in Singapore. Social Work in Health Care 2013, 52, 881 -898.
AMA StyleSi Ying Tan, Lai Meng Ow Yong, Jasmin Yuet Ee Foong, Nicole Huay Sze Wong, Li Ling Chew, Yin Ling Koh. Securing and Sustaining Employment: Concerns of HIV Patients in Singapore. Social Work in Health Care. 2013; 52 (10):881-898.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Ying Tan; Lai Meng Ow Yong; Jasmin Yuet Ee Foong; Nicole Huay Sze Wong; Li Ling Chew; Yin Ling Koh. 2013. "Securing and Sustaining Employment: Concerns of HIV Patients in Singapore." Social Work in Health Care 52, no. 10: 881-898.