The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) mobile devices such as ambulance, medical done, and emergency mobile medical equipment face severe signal distortions due to interference, end-to-end packet loss, handoff delays, and lower throughputs during mobility. Network mobility basic support protocol (NBSP) has been proposed using the IP-based Wi-Fi solution to solve these issues. However, the weak signal, extra signaling overhead, and higherdelays were identified during handover due to patients' excessive requisites, resulting in radio link failure. Therefore, this article proposes a novel resource-efficient flow-enabled distributed mobility anchoring (FDMA) framework enhancing the functionalities of the centralized network entities and mobility entities.The performance of the proposed FDMA framework is evaluated and compared with the standard NBSP and proxy NEMO (PNEMO) scheme in terms of the variable number of cell residence time and mobile routers, where the proposed framework outperformed NBSP and PNEMO schemes for IoMT Mobile devices in 5G network.

This research meticulously delves into the dynamic evolution of mobile networks, specifically charting the course from 4G to 6G within the context of smart cities. It carefully illuminates the distinct roles played by 5G and 6G, highlighting their unique mobility characteristics. Motivated by observed challenges in handover scenarios, particularly in urban and high-speed environments like trains, the study addresses the complexities of implementing Distributed Mobility Management during inter-handover shifts, revealing a 38% success rate in Handover Failure (HOF) recovery. A thorough analysis ensues, scrutinizing the message structures of various protocols and their extensions employed to address handover challenges. The paper not only identifies limitations but also proposes innovative protocol schemes to overcome inter-handover link failures and delays. Introducing the novel SRNEMO DMM framework, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of ongoing research efforts and potential future directions, reshaping the landscape of handover scenarios in high-traffic urban environments.

One of the most significant threats that hinder the effective functioning of existing models and technologies in 6G networks, particularly within the realms of Industry 5.0, is the lack of privacy and security. Traditional cryptographic models that were once considered secure have proven to be vulnerable to an expanding range of threats, such as quantum attacks. This vulnerability results in the exposure of sensitive data to unauthorized breaches and compromises the integrity and overall functionality of the network. Access control mechanisms implemented up to this point could not ensure that security compromises are prevented as secure data sharing is facilitated effortlessly. As a result, attempts to access sensitive data without authorization are often made, leaving the networks vulnerable to DDoS attacks that have the potential to disrupt their operation. Considering these pervasive challenges, our paper proposes an innovative hybrid protocol suite explicitly designed for 6G networks in Industry 5.0. Specifically, our approach integrates leading-edge technologies, such as Nth-degree Truncated polynomial Ring Unit Encryption with Supersingular Isogeny Diffie–Hellman (NTRUEncrypt-SIDH). and Key Policy attribute-based encryption (KP-ABE). It aims to address the vulnerabilities associated with traditional cryptographic models to ensure high confidentiality and authorized data sharing. Moreover, we implement modern DDoS mitigation techniques, such as rate limiting, traffic filtering, and adaptive routing, to enhance the resilience of the network and ensure that system operation remains uninterrupted. Experimental evaluations demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model over existing standards. Notably, the hybrid protocol achieves encryption and decryption times of 1.8 seconds and 1.667 seconds per GB, respectively, with a key generation time of 2.857 seconds per GB, ensuring efficient performance even in resource-constrained environments. The system achieves a total computational overhead of 11.7 milliseconds for KP-ABE combined with NTRUEncrypt-SIDH, outperforming other cryptographic combinations. Additionally, the model exhibits enhanced scalability, flexibility, and security, offering robust defenses against quantum and classical threats while ensuring seamless user policy-based access control. These results underscore the proposed hybrid cryptosystem's potential as a transformative standard for the secure and efficient operation of 6G networks in Industry 5.0.