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The function of oil used in large size transformers are cooling and insulation. Transformer oil must have certain properties like high dielectric strength, low viscosity, high flash point, very low moisture or water content, high specific resistance and many more. Petroleum based synthetic and mineral oil used over last few decades, which affects the environment because of their non-biodegradability characteristics. It can be overcome by using any liquid as coolant and insulation purpose in transformer, which should have all the basic properties of transformer oil and should be biodegradable. Due to several advantages, researchers focused on biodegradable and renewable alternative of mineral oil. Ester oil has been considered as a substitute of conventional petroleum based oil. Plants of soya, sunflower and rapeseed are the sources of natural ester oil which is substitute of mineral oil. A journey of different materials used for transformer oil have been presented. Different properties of transformer oils along with the causes of failure of insulation have also been discussed. Various Ester oils have been used as an alternative to mineral oils. Different Ester oils along with their properties are also discussed.
Manish Srivastava; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Amit Saraswat. Ester oil as an alternative to mineral transformer insulating liquid. Materials Today: Proceedings 2021, 43, 2850 -2854.
AMA StyleManish Srivastava, Sunil Kumar Goyal, Amit Saraswat. Ester oil as an alternative to mineral transformer insulating liquid. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021; 43 ():2850-2854.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManish Srivastava; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Amit Saraswat. 2021. "Ester oil as an alternative to mineral transformer insulating liquid." Materials Today: Proceedings 43, no. : 2850-2854.
This study presents an algorithm for detection, classification, and location of transmission line faults. A fault index based on features extracted from current signals using the alienation coefficient and Wigner distribution function has been proposed for the detection and classification of faults. Double line and double line to ground faults have been classified from each other using ground fault index based on negative sequence current. Statistical relations are proposed for the estimation of fault location using peak values of the proposed fault index. The results of different case studies established the effectiveness of the algorithm. The algorithm is found to be effective for providing protection to transmission line against various faults. This is achieved using current signals recorded on one terminal of the line. This makes the protection scheme less complex, fast and more economic due to the elimination of the requirement of communication channel and global positioning system synchronisation. The proposed protection scheme is also validated on a real-time network of transmission utility. The effectiveness of the algorithm is established by comparing performance with reported algorithms.
Sheesh Ram Ola; Amit Saraswat; Sunil Kumar Goyal; S.K. Jhajharia; Bhuvnesh Rathore; Om Prakash Mahela. Wigner distribution function and alienation coefficient‐based transmission line protection scheme. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 2020, 14, 1842 -1853.
AMA StyleSheesh Ram Ola, Amit Saraswat, Sunil Kumar Goyal, S.K. Jhajharia, Bhuvnesh Rathore, Om Prakash Mahela. Wigner distribution function and alienation coefficient‐based transmission line protection scheme. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution. 2020; 14 (10):1842-1853.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheesh Ram Ola; Amit Saraswat; Sunil Kumar Goyal; S.K. Jhajharia; Bhuvnesh Rathore; Om Prakash Mahela. 2020. "Wigner distribution function and alienation coefficient‐based transmission line protection scheme." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 14, no. 10: 1842-1853.
The rapid growth of grid integrated renewable energy (RE) sources resulted in development of the hybrid grids. Variable nature of RE generation resulted in problems related to the power quality (PQ), power system reliability, and adversely affects the protection relay operation. High penetration of RE to the utility grid is achieved using multi-tapped lines for integrating the wind and solar energy and also to supply loads. This created considerable challenges for power system protection. To overcome these challenges, an algorithm is introduced in this paper for providing protection to the hybrid grid with high RE penetration level. All types of fault were identified using a fault index (FI), which is based on both the voltage and current features. This FI is computed using element to element multiplication of current-based Wigner distribution index (WD-index) and voltage-based alienation index (ALN-index). Application of the algorithm is generalized by testing the algorithm for the recognition of faults during different scenarios such as fault at different locations on hybrid grid, different fault incident angles, fault impedances, sampling frequency, hybrid line consisting of overhead (OH) line and underground (UG) cable sections, and presence of noise. The algorithm is successfully tested for discriminating the switching events from the faulty events. Faults were classified using the number of faulty phases recognized using FI. A ground fault index (GFI) computed using the zero sequence current-based WD-index is also introduced for differentiating double phase and double phase to ground faults. The algorithm is validated using IEEE-13 nodes test network modelled as hybrid grid by integrating wind and solar energy plants. Performance of algorithm is effectively established by comparing with the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and Stockwell transform based protection schemes.
Sheesh Ram Ola; Amit Saraswat; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Virendra Sharma; Baseem Khan; Om Prakash Mahela; Hassan Haes Alhelou; Pierluigi Siano. Alienation Coefficient and Wigner Distribution Function Based Protection Scheme for Hybrid Power System Network with Renewable Energy Penetration. Energies 2020, 13, 1120 .
AMA StyleSheesh Ram Ola, Amit Saraswat, Sunil Kumar Goyal, Virendra Sharma, Baseem Khan, Om Prakash Mahela, Hassan Haes Alhelou, Pierluigi Siano. Alienation Coefficient and Wigner Distribution Function Based Protection Scheme for Hybrid Power System Network with Renewable Energy Penetration. Energies. 2020; 13 (5):1120.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheesh Ram Ola; Amit Saraswat; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Virendra Sharma; Baseem Khan; Om Prakash Mahela; Hassan Haes Alhelou; Pierluigi Siano. 2020. "Alienation Coefficient and Wigner Distribution Function Based Protection Scheme for Hybrid Power System Network with Renewable Energy Penetration." Energies 13, no. 5: 1120.
As renewable energy (RE) penetration has a continuously increasing trend, the protection of RE integrated power systems is a critical issue. Recently, power networks developed for grid integration of solar energy (SE) have been designed with the help of multi-tapped lines to integrate small- and medium-sized SE plants and simultaneously supplying power to the loads. These tapped lines create protection challenges. This paper introduces an algorithm for the recognition of faults in the grid to which a solar photovoltaic (PV) system is integrated. A fault index (FI) was introduced to identify faults. This FI was calculated by multiplying the Wigner distribution (WD) index and Alienation (ALN) index. The WD-index was based on the energy density of the current signal evaluated using Wigner distribution function. The ALN-index was evaluated using sample-based alienation coefficients of the current signal. The performance of the algorithm was validated for various scenarios with different fault types at various locations, different fault incident angles, fault impedances, sampling frequencies, hybrid line consisting of overhead (OH) line and underground (UG) cable sections, different types of transformer windings and the presence of noise. Two phase faults with and without the involvement of ground were differentiated using the ground fault index based on the zero sequence current. This study was performed on the IEEE-13 nodes test network to which a solar PV plant with a capacity of 1 MW was integrated. The performance of the algorithm was also tested on the western part of utility grid in the Rajasthan State in India where solar PV energy integration is high. The performance of the algorithm was effectively established by comparing it with the discrete Wavelet transform (DWT), Wavelet packet transform (WPT) and Stockwell transform-based methods.
Sheesh Ram Ola; Amit Saraswat; Sunil Kumar Goyal; S. K. Jhajharia; Baseem Khan; Om Prakash Mahela; Hassan Haes Alhelou; Pierluigi Siano. A Protection Scheme for a Power System with Solar Energy Penetration. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 1516 .
AMA StyleSheesh Ram Ola, Amit Saraswat, Sunil Kumar Goyal, S. K. Jhajharia, Baseem Khan, Om Prakash Mahela, Hassan Haes Alhelou, Pierluigi Siano. A Protection Scheme for a Power System with Solar Energy Penetration. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (4):1516.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheesh Ram Ola; Amit Saraswat; Sunil Kumar Goyal; S. K. Jhajharia; Baseem Khan; Om Prakash Mahela; Hassan Haes Alhelou; Pierluigi Siano. 2020. "A Protection Scheme for a Power System with Solar Energy Penetration." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4: 1516.
PV modules are used to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. The essential input variables required for these modules are weather data such as solar irradiance and temperature. Output generated may be in the form of voltage, current or power which are necessary to plot and study the (P-V & I-V) characteristics of the PV modules. The outputs are immediately affected by any variation in the input variables and it is necessary to study the impacts of variation in physical data (input variables) on the power generated by the PV modules. Therefore, an accurate design of PV module is required before implementation in solar PVS. This paper presents a step-by-step designing of a PV module in detail. The configuration of PV cells considered in the design is single diode model-based consisting of series as well as parallel resistor for better accuracy. The model is step-by-step simulated and tested in MATLAB/Simulink. Behaviour of module in variable weather conditions such as solar irradiance and temperature has been studied and value of series and parallel resistance for optimum output have also been approximated.
Sunil Kumar Goyal; Bhuwan Pratap Sungh; Abhishek Kumar; Prakash Kumar; Amit Saraswat. Modelling and Simulation of a Solar PV System: A Comprehensive Study. 2020 International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM) 2020, 367 -372.
AMA StyleSunil Kumar Goyal, Bhuwan Pratap Sungh, Abhishek Kumar, Prakash Kumar, Amit Saraswat. Modelling and Simulation of a Solar PV System: A Comprehensive Study. 2020 International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM). 2020; ():367-372.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSunil Kumar Goyal; Bhuwan Pratap Sungh; Abhishek Kumar; Prakash Kumar; Amit Saraswat. 2020. "Modelling and Simulation of a Solar PV System: A Comprehensive Study." 2020 International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM) , no. : 367-372.
In recent decades, multilevel inverters (MLIs) have gained attention in grid-connected and stand-alone applications. The increasing dependence on electrical power and uneven distribution of energy reserves needs suitable converter design to meet low demand efficiently. MLIs have reduced harmonics and are best suited for domestic as well as industrial applications. With the current improvements in renewable energy systems (RES), uses of traditional MLI topologies are thwarted because of their issues in performance like low power quality, low efficiency, and uneconomical structure. These confinements in the performance issues of traditional MLI topologies have pulled in the researchers toward developing new hybrid type of MLI topologies. In the present article, a detailed analysis of such current hybrid MLI topologies is given based on certain indices covering both qualitative and quantitative performance. Due concentration has been given to widely review the impact of MLIs in grid associated renewable energy applications, for example, photovoltaic (PV) frameworks, wind energy conversion systems (WECS) as well as microgrids.
Prakash Kumar; Maneet Kour; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Bhuwan Pratap Singh. Multilevel Inverter Topologies in Renewable Energy Applications. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2019, 891 -902.
AMA StylePrakash Kumar, Maneet Kour, Sunil Kumar Goyal, Bhuwan Pratap Singh. Multilevel Inverter Topologies in Renewable Energy Applications. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2019; ():891-902.
Chicago/Turabian StylePrakash Kumar; Maneet Kour; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Bhuwan Pratap Singh. 2019. "Multilevel Inverter Topologies in Renewable Energy Applications." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering , no. : 891-902.
Global environmental concerns and the advancements in power electronics technology leading the application of Photovoltaic Systems (PVS) in the distribution generation (DG). For generating electric power through the energy received from the Sun, solar PVS is an emerging technology. It is playing a key role to consume solar energy as much as possible. Electric power is generated by the PV array in form of DC. This DC power before utilization for domestic or industrial uses must be converted into AC. If the PVS is grid-connected then the inverter requires high efficiency, maximum power point tracking, total harmonic distortion of currents injected into the grid must have low and the power injected into the grid must be controlled. The employed control schemes decide the performance of the inverter which is connected to the grid. In this paper, all aspects related to grid-connected inverter are presented that includes historical evolution of the inverter topologies, standards and specifications, summary of inverter types, and classification of inverter topologies. Also, a discussion has been presented based on the number of power processing stages required in the system to fed electrical power into the grid.
Bhuwan Pratap Singh; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Shahbaz Ahmed Siddiqui; Prakash Kumar. A Study and Comprehensive Overview of Inverter Topologies for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems (PVS). Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2019, 1009 -1017.
AMA StyleBhuwan Pratap Singh, Sunil Kumar Goyal, Shahbaz Ahmed Siddiqui, Prakash Kumar. A Study and Comprehensive Overview of Inverter Topologies for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems (PVS). Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2019; ():1009-1017.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBhuwan Pratap Singh; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Shahbaz Ahmed Siddiqui; Prakash Kumar. 2019. "A Study and Comprehensive Overview of Inverter Topologies for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems (PVS)." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering , no. : 1009-1017.
Recently, the distributed generation (DG) has emerged as important source of energy which is capable to meet our future energy demand. These generators with large capacity are integrated into the power system network. Integration of DG sources to the utility networks changes network behavior causing different effects on the system such as power quality problem, protection issues, and stability issues. These issues need to be investigated separately. Protection of the utility network in the presence of DG sources is a challenging task which needs to be investigated. Integration of DG units to power system networks affects behavior of protection and relaying equipment due to widespread distribution of these units and variable generation from these units. Hence, to provide an accurate protection system against various types of faults in the power system network, such as line to ground (LG), double line (LL), double line to ground (LLG), and three-phase to ground fault (LLLG), effective detection, as well as discrimination of faults from each other, is essentially required. This work presents an algorithm based on the median calculated from the S-matrix obtained by decomposition of current signal using Stockwell transform to detect faults in power system network incorporated with wind generator. The proposed algorithm is based on detection of the faults using the threshold values. The proposed study is performed in MATLAB/Simulink environment using IEEE-34 node test system incorporated with wind generator.
Sheesh Ram Ola; Amit Saraswat; Sunil Kumar Goyal; S. K. Jhajharia; Om Prakash Mahela. Detection and Analysis of Power System Faults in the Presence of Wind Power Generation Using Stockwell Transform Based Median. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2019, 319 -329.
AMA StyleSheesh Ram Ola, Amit Saraswat, Sunil Kumar Goyal, S. K. Jhajharia, Om Prakash Mahela. Detection and Analysis of Power System Faults in the Presence of Wind Power Generation Using Stockwell Transform Based Median. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2019; ():319-329.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheesh Ram Ola; Amit Saraswat; Sunil Kumar Goyal; S. K. Jhajharia; Om Prakash Mahela. 2019. "Detection and Analysis of Power System Faults in the Presence of Wind Power Generation Using Stockwell Transform Based Median." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering , no. : 319-329.
In recent scenario, Photovoltaic system (PVS) in grid-connected mode is an emerging tool for electricity generation throughout the world to overcome the effects of conventional fossil fuel-based electricity generation on environment. However, apart from tremendous benefits of using this technology, there are various issues and challenges also associated with the integration of this technology to the electric utility grid. Various researchers are working and have proposed numerous solutions, by the implementation of which, the performance of the system could be improved and the impacts on the electric utility grid could be minimized. Out of those the Maximum Power Point Tracking Technique(MPPT Technique) is most popular and widely used solution. After doing an extensive study of various previously and recently developed techniques, the concept behind using MPPT techniques and its benefits are presented in this article. A comparative analysis based on 32 different algorithms developed and implemented for maximum power point tracking purpose is presented at the end of the article. The comparison is presented on the basis of performance and requirements for the implementation purpose.
Bhuwan Pratap Singh; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Shahbaz Ahmed Siddiqui. Analysis and Classification of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Techniques: A Review. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2019, 999 -1008.
AMA StyleBhuwan Pratap Singh, Sunil Kumar Goyal, Shahbaz Ahmed Siddiqui. Analysis and Classification of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Techniques: A Review. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2019; ():999-1008.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBhuwan Pratap Singh; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Shahbaz Ahmed Siddiqui. 2019. "Analysis and Classification of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Techniques: A Review." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering , no. : 999-1008.
Bhuwan Pratap Singh; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Shahbaz Ahmed Siddiqui. Grid Connected-Photovoltaic System (GC-PVS): Issues and Challenges. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 594, 1 .
AMA StyleBhuwan Pratap Singh, Sunil Kumar Goyal, Shahbaz Ahmed Siddiqui. Grid Connected-Photovoltaic System (GC-PVS): Issues and Challenges. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 594 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBhuwan Pratap Singh; Sunil Kumar Goyal; Shahbaz Ahmed Siddiqui. 2019. "Grid Connected-Photovoltaic System (GC-PVS): Issues and Challenges." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 594, no. : 1.
Occurrence of the faults on transmission lines affects the performance of power system. These faults may cause interruption in the flow of power. Fast and accurate detection as well as location of these faults help in restoration of power supply in minimum time. This will result in improved reliability of power supply. This paper details an approach which helps to detect faults on the transmission line. The proposed approach uses Stockwell Transform based median to provide protection to the transmission line against power system faults such as line to ground, double line, double line to ground and three phase fault involving. Recording of the current signals is carried out on test node of test system. These signals are decomposed using Stockwell transform to obtain the S-matrix. The fault index is calculated using the median of this matrix which is found to be effective in detection and classification of faults in the power system network. Proposed study is performed using IEEE-34 node test system in MATLAB/Simulink environment.
Sheesh Ram Ola; Amit Saraswat; Sunil Kumar Goyal; S. K. Jhajharia; Om Prakash Mahela. A Technique Using Stockwell Transform Based Median for Detection of Power System Faults. 2018 IEEE 8th Power India International Conference (PIICON) 2018, 1 -5.
AMA StyleSheesh Ram Ola, Amit Saraswat, Sunil Kumar Goyal, S. K. Jhajharia, Om Prakash Mahela. A Technique Using Stockwell Transform Based Median for Detection of Power System Faults. 2018 IEEE 8th Power India International Conference (PIICON). 2018; ():1-5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSheesh Ram Ola; Amit Saraswat; Sunil Kumar Goyal; S. K. Jhajharia; Om Prakash Mahela. 2018. "A Technique Using Stockwell Transform Based Median for Detection of Power System Faults." 2018 IEEE 8th Power India International Conference (PIICON) , no. : 1-5.
This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of performance characteristics under varying load condition for asynchronous generator. Performance of asynchronous generator depends on variation in prime mover speed, excitation capacitance and load. Estimation of magnetic characteristics involve complicated mathematical computation due to nonlinear nature of magnetization curve. It provides an opportunity to model nonlinear magnetization characteristics to get optimum impedance and optimal capacitance for better performance of asynchronous generator. The nonlinearity of magnetization curve has been analyzed by employing regression functions to estimate magnetization reactance. Thus, optimal value of magnetization reactance is obtained to calculate performance variables of asynchronous generator. Proposed technique provide optimal values of performance variables of asynchronous generator as compared to conventional piecewise linearization model. The effect of solution technique has been discussed while calculating performance variables of asynchronous generator at optimal value of magnetization reactance. Proposed technique of regression function and solution technique is applied on comprehensive data of induction machines as asynchronous generator to prove its validity and accuracy.
Sunil Kumar Goyal; D.K. Palwalia. Analysis of performance parameters and estimation of optimum capacitance for asynchronous generator. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 2016, 19, 1753 -1762.
AMA StyleSunil Kumar Goyal, D.K. Palwalia. Analysis of performance parameters and estimation of optimum capacitance for asynchronous generator. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal. 2016; 19 (4):1753-1762.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSunil Kumar Goyal; D.K. Palwalia. 2016. "Analysis of performance parameters and estimation of optimum capacitance for asynchronous generator." Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 19, no. 4: 1753-1762.
This paper presents a Biogeography Based Optimization (BBO) technique to solve the Economic Load Dispatch problem even as considered the generator and transmission constraints and satisfying it. Biogeography basically is the study of the geographical distribution of the biological organism. Biogeography based optimization is a comparatively new approach. Mathematical models of biogeography explain how an organism arises and how to migrate from one habitat to another habitat, or get died out. In BBO algorithm, solutions are sharing the good features between solutions that are immigration and emigration process. This algorithm looks for the overall optimum solution mostly through two steps - Migration and Mutation. Results are obtained on the different-different population size and different-different number of trials. The Results of the proposed method have been compared with results of IEEE 30-bus, 6 generator system and got the better quality of the obtained solution. This method is one of the important approaches for solving the Economic Load Dispatch problems under practical conditions.
Jitendra Singh; Sunil Kumar Goyal. Optimization of economic load dispatch problems using biogeography based optimization technique. 2015 International Conference on Energy Economics and Environment (ICEEE) 2015, 1 -5.
AMA StyleJitendra Singh, Sunil Kumar Goyal. Optimization of economic load dispatch problems using biogeography based optimization technique. 2015 International Conference on Energy Economics and Environment (ICEEE). 2015; ():1-5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJitendra Singh; Sunil Kumar Goyal. 2015. "Optimization of economic load dispatch problems using biogeography based optimization technique." 2015 International Conference on Energy Economics and Environment (ICEEE) , no. : 1-5.
In present days, power crisis increasing due to increase the consumer's load. To overcome this problem some optimization techniques have been used to solve the economic load dispatch problem. This paper presents an efficient and reliable Biogeography Based Optimization (BBO) algorithm, which is used to solve the Economic Load Dispatch problem of thermal power station even as generator and transmission constraints are considered and satisfying it. Biogeography basically is the study of the geographical distribution of the biological organism. Biogeography based optimization is a comparatively new approach. Mathematical models of biogeography explain how an organism arises and how to migrate from one habitat to another habitat, or get died out. In BBO algorithm, solutions are sharing the good features between solutions that are immigration and emigration process. This algorithm looks for the overall optimum solution mostly through two steps - Migration and Mutation. The Results of the proposed method have been compared with results of IEEE 30-bus, 6 generator system and got the better quality of the obtained solution. This method is one of the prominent approaches for solving the Economic Load Dispatch problems under practical conditions.
Jitendra Singh; Sunil Kumar Goyal. Transmission constrained economic load dispatch using biogeography based optimization. 2014 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research 2014, 1 -5.
AMA StyleJitendra Singh, Sunil Kumar Goyal. Transmission constrained economic load dispatch using biogeography based optimization. 2014 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research. 2014; ():1-5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJitendra Singh; Sunil Kumar Goyal. 2014. "Transmission constrained economic load dispatch using biogeography based optimization." 2014 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research , no. : 1-5.