This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of class II MOD cavities restored using different techniques and materials. Sixty extracted maxillary molars were selected and standardized class II MOD cavities were prepared using a custom-made paralleling device. The specimens were divided into four groups based on the restoration technique used: Group 1 (direct resin composite), Group 2 (short-fiber-reinforced composite resin), Group 3 (composite polyethylene fiber reinforcement), and Group 4 (CAD/CAM resin inlays). Fracture resistance was assessed for each group after thermocycling aging for 10,000 cycles. The mode of fracture was assigned to five types using Burke’s classification. To compare the fracture force among the tested materials, a paired sample t-test was performed. The significance level for each test was set at p < 0.05. Significant differences in fracture resistance were observed among the different restoration techniques. CAD/CAM inlays (2166 ± 615 N), short-fiber-reinforced composite resin (2471 ± 761 N), and composite polyethylene fiber reinforcement (1923 ± 492 N) showed superior fracture resistance compared to the group restored with direct resin composite (1242 ± 436 N). The conventional resin composite group exhibited the lowest mean fracture resistance. The choice of restoration material plays a critical role in the clinical survival of large MOD cavities. CAD/CAM inlays and fiber-reinforced composites offer improved fracture resistance, which is essential for long-term success in extensive restorations.

This in vitro study aimed to identify the key methodological factors influencing the accuracy of intraoral scanners (IOS). The primary factors analyzed included the length of the scanned area, the total number of alignment points, the software used for analysis, and the operator's expertise. Three IOS systems were assessed-CEREC Primescan, Trios 3, and Omnicam-along with a laboratory desktop scanner (inEos X5). Scans were performed on a mandibular typodont, with the Root Mean Square (RMS) error used to measure the discrepancies between reference and experimental scans. The results indicated that the length of the scanned area significantly affected the RMS values, with full-arch scans producing greater errors compared to those of quadrant scans. Additionally, the total number of alignment points in the standard tessellation language files positively influenced accuracy, although improvements plateaued beyond 20 points. The choice of processing software also impacted accuracy, with Geomagic Control X yielding significantly lower RMS values than those of MeshLab and CloudCompare. Finally, user expertise played a significant role in scanning accuracy, with the experience user achieving more precise results, especially when using the Trios 3 scanner. Thus, the length of the scan, number of alignment points, software tools, and operator expertise significantly influence the accuracy of IOS, highlighting the importance of considering these methodological factors in both clinical and research settings for digital impressions.

Bisphenol-A (BPA), bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) are organic monomers that can be released from dental composites into the oral cavity. Over specific concentrations, they can act as endocrine disruptors or cause toxic effects. The purpose of this work is to develop and validate an analytical method to determine BPA, Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, and UDMA monomers released from synthetic dental resins in artificial saliva. The method was validated before its application to new hybrid ceramic materials used in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) restorations to determine the release of monomers in various time intervals (e.g., 24 h, and 7, 14, 30, and 60 days), both in methanolic solutions, as well as in artificial saliva. Chromatographic analysis was performed isocratically on a Perfect Sil Target ODS-3 analytical column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with CH₃CN/H₂O, 58/42% v/v as mobile phase within 23 min. The developed method was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, and precision.

Immediate dentin sealing (IDS) is a method of improving the bond strength of indirect dental restorative materials to dentin and belongs to the biomimetic protocols of contemporary dentistry. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of IDS on the bond strength of resin-based CAD/CAM materials to dentin. PubMed and MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Web of Science were searched by two individual researchers, namely for studies that have been published in English between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2023 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The inclusion criteria encompassed articles related to in vitro studies, measuring the bond strength through microtensile bond strength (μ-TBS), micro-shear bond strength (μ-SBS), tensile bond strength (TBS) or shear bond strength (SBS) tests after the use of the IDS technique. The included restorative materials comprised resin-based CAD/CAM materials bonded to dentin. A total of 1821 studies were identified, of which 7 met the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis was not deemed appropriate due to the high level of diversity inthe publications and techniques. The use of IDS yielded higher bond strength outcomesin various experimental conditions and resin-based CAD/CAM materials. Overall, IDS in CAD/CAM restorations may contribute to better clinical outcomesand improved restoration longevity due to this property.