Background: The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively examine the measurement aspects, the prevalence, and the psychological correlates of problem shopping among a large-scale national sample of Turkish adults. Result: Participants (N = 24,380, 50% men, M age = 31.79 years, age range = 18–81 years) completed a questionnaire that comprised the Shopping Addiction Risk Questionnaire, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised. Results showed that 1.8% of the participants had probable shopping addiction. Being female, being younger, psychiatric distress, positive affect, negative affect, anxious attachment, and avoidant attachment were positive correlates of problem shopping. Conclusion: The results of this large sample size study suggest that shopping addiction is not a rare condition in Turkey. Further research is needed to understand different motives that underlie the problematic shopping behavior in the young and female population in comparison to older and male populations. Preventive programs or any interventions for people with PSB needs to address regulation difficulties and development of healthy strategies to cope with psychiatric distress.

Objective: Substance use is the most important modifiable factor in increased morbidity and premature mortality. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychological factors associated with substance use status in nationally representative sample. Method: The data were from the Addiction Map of Turkey Study (TURBAHAR), in which 24,494 adults were recruited from 200 to 2000 participants in 26 provinces in Turkey. Chi-square tests and one-way ANOVAs were used to analyze the relationships between substance status and the risk factors. Multinomial Logistic regressions were used to calculate odds ratios. Results: The prevalence of single substance use and polysubstance use at least once in their lifetime were 4.5% and 2.6%. Males, late emerging adults (24–29 years old) were more likely be a single substance use and polysubstance use. Having graduates diploma were more likely be a polysubstance use. Higher depression, anxiety, somatization, hostility, externally-oriented thinking, positive affect were associated with higher possibility of single and/or polysubstance use. Higher personal wellbeing scores and anxious attachment scores were associated with lower possibility of single and/or polysubstance use. Conclusion: Male, undergraduate and graduate, late emerging adults needs special attention. Many psychological variables are associated with substance use. Although not all have a high potency, they provide important information for subsequent treatment and diagnostic approaches.

Background and aims: To date, a number of studies have investigated the prevalence and correlates of addictive food consumption. However, these studies have mostly relied on models that comprised a narrow range of variables in often small and heterogenous samples. The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively examine the measurement aspects, the prevalence, and the psychological correlates of addictive eating among a largescale national sample of Turkish adults.Method: Participants (N = 24,380, 50% men, M_age = 31.79 years, age range = 18–81 years) completed a battery of tests including the Food Addiction Risk Questionnaire (FARQ), the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised.Results: According to analyses conducted, the FARQ had a uni-dimensional factor structure. Based on Item Response Theory (IRT) calculated cut-off scores, 2.3% of the participants were at risk of addictive eating patterns, whilst criteria varied in their discriminating ability. The correlates of addictive food consumption were being male, being younger, having lower education, presenting with higher alcohol use, psychiatric symptoms, alexithymia, positive/negative affect, and anxious attachment.Conclusion: These results suggest that a minority of Turkish community are at risk for addictive food consumption and that adverse psychological states promote this problematic behavior.

The present study investigated the prevalence, the potential different profiles, and the associated psychological factors of disordered gaming using data from a large-scale epidemiological study (TURBAHAR [Turkey’s Addiction and Mental Health Risk Profile Map Project]) carried out in Turkey in 2018 with 24,494 participants aged 18–81 years. Participants completed a comprehensive survey comprising a demographic questionnaire, Gaming Addiction Risk Questionnaire, Brief Symptom Inventory, Personal Well-Being Index Adult Form, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised Scale. Latent class analysis showed the existence of eight different game profiles, which differed in relation to the intensity and specific features of the behavior. Results showed that 1.6% of the participants were problematic gamers. Being male, being younger, lower education level, being single, using alcohol and cigarettes, psychiatric distress, positive and negative affect, and anxious adult attachment were positively associated with problematic gaming.

Bir davranış bağımlılığı olan alışveriş bağımlılığının kişilerin kontrol etmekte güçlük çektiği ve içten gelen dürtülere bağlı olan depresyon, anksiyete gibi psikolojik semptomlarla ilişkilendirilen ciddi bir bağımlılık türü olduğu görülmektedir. Alışveriş bağımlılığında sadece kişisel nedenlerin değil; ailenin, internetin, kredi kartı kullanımının, sosyal çevrenin, artan reklamlar ve gelişen pazarlama imkanlarının da etkilerinin olduğu görülmektedir. Alışveriş bağımlılığı belli kuramlar çerçevesinde farklı tanımlamalara sahiptir. Bu yazının temel amacı alışveriş bağımlılığını genel hatlarıyla açıklamak ve satın almaya yol açan kişilik özelliklerini ve psikolojik faktörleri özetleyerek, alışveriş bağımlılığına ilişkin kuramlarını tanıtmaktır.

COVID-19 Pandemisinin sadece biyolojik değil sosyal, ekonomik açıdan da birçok etkisi vardır. Bu sebeple daha geniş bir perspektiften ele alınacak bir Salgın Hastalık Kaygı Ölçeğine ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırma, Salgın Hastalık Kaygı ölçeğinin geniş bir örneklemde geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışmasını yapmayı amaçlamıştır. Araştırma örneklemi Türkiye'den 6435 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Ölçüt geçerliliği için “Koronavirus-19 Fobisi (CP19-S)” ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin iç tutarlılık katsayısı (α) ,90 olarak elde edilmiştir. Test-Tekrar Test güvenilirlik katsayısı ,73 olarak bulunmuştur. Yapılan analizler ölçeğin dört faktörden oluştuğunu ortaya koymuştur. Birinci faktör "Salgın" tek başına varyansın %24'ünü, ikinci faktör "Ekonomik" varyansın %17,7'sini, üçüncü faktör "Karantina" varyansın %13,9'unu ve dördüncü faktör "Sosyal Yaşam" varyansın %9,3'ünü açıklamaktadır. Toplam 18 maddeden oluşan bu dört faktör birlikte toplam varyansın %65’ini açıklamıştır. Sonuç olarak çalışma bulguları Salgın Hastalık Kaygı Ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.