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Marcin Jankowski
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, al. Piastów 17, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland

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Journal article
Published: 16 July 2021 in Energy
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Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power plants are a promising technology for converting low and medium temperature energy sources into electricity. In order to fully exploit the potential of an ORC, the components of the system should be designed appropriately. One of the key elements of the ORC installation, substantially affecting the system efficiency, is a turboexpander. This study concerns a multi-objective optimization of an ORC coupled with a one-dimensional radial-inflow turbine (RIT) model. Particular attention is given to determination of optimal parameters which have an impact on the turbine geometry of the nozzle and the rotor. The nozzle pitch to chord ratio and the blade angle at the rotor inlet are investigated as one of the decision variables. The first parameter is rarely discussed in most studies and it is either a fixed value or its optimum is determined using correlations developed for axial-flow turbines. Applying the blade angle as a variable is associated with the use of backswept rotor blades, which is achievable in the ORC and results in higher turbine efficiency. By means of Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), the optimal design point has been determined. It was found that by applying the blade angle at the rotor inlet as the decision variable, the optimal blade sweep design featuring a 0.00% incidence enthalpy loss can be obtained. Based on the parametric analysis, it was reported that by making wrong design choices with respect to the RIT decision variables, the turbine efficiency may be decreased by almost 8.00%, leading to a decrease in the net power output by more than 8.00% and an increase in the electricity production cost of more than 7.00%.

ACS Style

Marcin Jankowski; Piotr Klonowicz; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. MULTI-OBJECTIVE optimization of an ORC power plant using one-dimensional design of a radial-inflow turbine with backswept rotor blades. Energy 2021, 121506 .

AMA Style

Marcin Jankowski, Piotr Klonowicz, Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. MULTI-OBJECTIVE optimization of an ORC power plant using one-dimensional design of a radial-inflow turbine with backswept rotor blades. Energy. 2021; ():121506.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Jankowski; Piotr Klonowicz; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. 2021. "MULTI-OBJECTIVE optimization of an ORC power plant using one-dimensional design of a radial-inflow turbine with backswept rotor blades." Energy , no. : 121506.

Journal article
Published: 12 October 2020 in Energies
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Power plants based on organic Rankine cycle (ORC) are known for their capacity in converting low and medium-temperature energy sources to electricity. To find the optimal operating conditions, a designer must evaluate the ORC from different perspectives including thermodynamic performance, technological limits, economic viability, and environmental impact. A popular approach to include different criteria simultaneously is to formulate a bi-objective optimization problem. This type of multi-objective optimization (MOO) allows for finding a set of optimal design points by defining two different objectives. Once the optimization is completed, the decision-making analysis shall be carried out to identify the final design solution. This study aims to develop a decision-making tool for facilitating the choice of the optimal design point. The proposed procedure is coded in MATLAB based on the commonly used Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). By providing the capability to graphically identify the decisions taken, the tool developed in the study is called Tracking and Recognizing Alternative Design Solutions (TRADeS). Analysis of our data shows that certain regions of Pareto set points should be excluded from the design space. It was noted that in these regions a high rate at which one of the objectives moves away from its ideal value coincides with a low rate at which the second criterion approaches its ideal solution. Hence, it was recommended that the criteria weights corresponding to excluded regions of the Pareto set should be discarded when selecting the final design point. By comparing the results obtained using the proposed model to those of existing decision-making techniques, it was concluded that while the known approaches are appropriate for an easy and fast selection of the final design point, the presented procedure allows for a more comprehensive and well-rounded design. It was shown that our design tool can be successfully applied in the decision-making analysis for problems that aim at optimizing the ORC using two design criteria. Finally, the proposed software benefits from a generic structure and is easy to implement which will facilitate its use in other industrial applications.

ACS Style

Marcin Jankowski; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz; Kamel Hooman. Development of Decision-Making Tool and Pareto Set Analysis for Bi-Objective Optimization of an ORC Power Plant. Energies 2020, 13, 5280 .

AMA Style

Marcin Jankowski, Aleksandra Borsukiewicz, Kamel Hooman. Development of Decision-Making Tool and Pareto Set Analysis for Bi-Objective Optimization of an ORC Power Plant. Energies. 2020; 13 (20):5280.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Jankowski; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz; Kamel Hooman. 2020. "Development of Decision-Making Tool and Pareto Set Analysis for Bi-Objective Optimization of an ORC Power Plant." Energies 13, no. 20: 5280.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2020 in Energies
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In the last decade, particular attention has been paid to the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power plant, a technology that implements a classical steam Rankine cycle using low-boiling fluid of organic origin. Depending on the specific application and the choice of the designer, the ORC can be optimized using one or several criteria. The selected objectives reflect various system performance aspects, such as: thermodynamic, economic, environmental or other. In this study, a novel criterion called exergy utilization index (XUI) is defined and used to maximize the utilization of an energy source in the ORC system. The maximization of the proposed indicator is equivalent to bring the heat carrier outlet temperature to the ambient temperature as close as possible. In the studied case, the XUI is applied along with the total heat transfer area of the system, and the multi-objective optimization is performed in order to determine the optimal operating conditions of the ORC. Moreover, to reveal a relationship between the XUI and important ORC performance indicators, a parametric study is conducted. Based on the results, it has been found that high values of the XUI (~80%) correspond to optimal values of exergy-based indicators such as: exergy efficiency, waste exergy ratio, environmental effect factor or exergetic sustainability index. Furthermore, the values of the XUI = 60%–80% are associated with beneficial economic characteristics reflected in a low payback period (<11.3 years). When considering the ecological aspect, the maximization of XUI has resulted in minimization of exergy waste to the environment. In general, the simple formulation and straightforward meaning make the XUI a particularly useful indicator for the preliminary evaluation and design of the ORC. Furthermore, the comparative analysis with respect to other well-known performance indicators has shown that it has a potential to be successfully applied as the objective function in the optimization of ORC power plants.

ACS Style

Marcin Jankowski; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. A Novel Exergy Indicator for Maximizing Energy Utilization in Low-Temperature ORC. Energies 2020, 13, 1598 .

AMA Style

Marcin Jankowski, Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. A Novel Exergy Indicator for Maximizing Energy Utilization in Low-Temperature ORC. Energies. 2020; 13 (7):1598.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Jankowski; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. 2020. "A Novel Exergy Indicator for Maximizing Energy Utilization in Low-Temperature ORC." Energies 13, no. 7: 1598.

Journal article
Published: 25 September 2019 in Energy Conversion and Management
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Power plant with organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is currently the most perspective technology for electricity production when low-temperature source of energy is to be used. Because of the ‘narrow’ temperature range (ca 70 ÷ 200 K) between upper and bottoming energy sources of the ORC, it is characterized by a low thermal efficiency. Thus, a lot of research and scientific effort have gone into developing new calculation techniques to optimize the work of such a system and the selection of a working fluid. In most of the recent studies a multi-criteria approach was applied and a single optimal operating point of the ORC was indicated as the final result of the optimization. The primary goal of this paper is to present an alternative approach. The general idea is to determine and indicate a set of the optimal operating parameters for which none of the considered criteria dominates significantly. In order to meet these conditions, multi-objective optimization using weight function G and genetic algorithm (GA) is conducted. The outcomes of the proposed model converge with Pareto set findings obtained using commonly known Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) method. The analysis is carried out for three sampled working fluids of the ORC: R1234yf, R1234ze and R245fa. The final results show that R1234yf is the optimal choice, since, in case of that fluid, the lowest values of the function G are observed for all weight distribution cases. Specifically, when the economic criterion is dominant (w1 > w2 case), the function G for R1234yf, R1234ze and R245fa is equal to: 0.1069, 0.1270 and 0.1460, while for the environmental criterion predominance (w2 > w1 case), the following values of G are obtained: 0.0985, 0.1260 and 0.1474. Simultaneously, the component criteria of the function G, i.e. the APR parameter (economic criterion) and SI index (environmental criterion) are minimized as well for all considered cases. In accordance with the fluid order given above, the optimized values of the APR parameter for w1 > w2 case are as follows: 0.61 m2 kW−1, 0.68 m2 kW−1 and 0.68 m2 kW−1, while, for w2 > w1 relation, the SI index is equal to: 0.48, 0.49 and 0.48. Furthermore, using the optimized values of the decision variables (pinch point temperature difference, evaporation temperature and condensation temperature), the novel 3-D plots with so-called sustainable surface are developed in the study to reveal the potential optimal ranges of important ORC parameters, such as: thermal efficiency, exergy efficiency or net power output. In general, the method should be a useful tool in the design process of the ORC systems, since it allows for the straightforward indication of several optimal operating points with respect to the adopted criteria. In other words, the designer has a wider choice and can opt for the parameters values that favor the selected objective.

ACS Style

Marcin Jankowski; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. Multi-objective approach for determination of optimal operating parameters in low-temperature ORC power plant. Energy Conversion and Management 2019, 200, 112075 .

AMA Style

Marcin Jankowski, Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. Multi-objective approach for determination of optimal operating parameters in low-temperature ORC power plant. Energy Conversion and Management. 2019; 200 ():112075.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Jankowski; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. 2019. "Multi-objective approach for determination of optimal operating parameters in low-temperature ORC power plant." Energy Conversion and Management 200, no. : 112075.

Journal article
Published: 24 January 2019 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power plants are constantly developing systems and, apart from Stirling engine, are currently the only commercially available technology, which allows electricity generation using low and medium temperature waste thermal energy. A lot of effort has been devoted to improve analysis techniques, with the aim to find the most favorable parameters of ORC as well as the best working fluid for a certain type of energy source and configuration of the system. The aim of the paper is to present a method to determine an optimal pinch point temperature difference interval (OPPTDI) using multi-criteria approach with G(X) as multi-objective function and pinch point temperature difference as a decision variable. The analysis has been carried out for five selected organic fluids: R245fa, R1234yf, R1234ze, R227ea, and R152a. The optimization model has been solved using the linear weighted sum method. The applied technique specifies OPPTDI by assigning different values of weights w1 and w2 to the individual objective functions f1 (economic index) and f2 (environmental index), which are the components of the global function G. The proposed method should be perceived as an initial evaluation of the pinch point temperature difference interval, giving an insight for the designer what is the potentially optimal range of the considered quantity and moreover – the optimal values region of such parameter, if one of the objective functions is evaluated to be more significant than the other.

ACS Style

Marcin Jankowski; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz; Katarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska; Giuseppe Ioppolo. Determination of an optimal pinch point temperature difference interval in ORC power plant using multi-objective approach. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 217, 798 -807.

AMA Style

Marcin Jankowski, Aleksandra Borsukiewicz, Katarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska, Giuseppe Ioppolo. Determination of an optimal pinch point temperature difference interval in ORC power plant using multi-objective approach. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 217 ():798-807.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Jankowski; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz; Katarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska; Giuseppe Ioppolo. 2019. "Determination of an optimal pinch point temperature difference interval in ORC power plant using multi-objective approach." Journal of Cleaner Production 217, no. : 798-807.

Conference paper
Published: 03 December 2018 in E3S Web of Conferences
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The fact that Organic Rankine cycle system is very promising technology in terms of electricity production using low grade heat sources, necessitates constant research in order to determine the best cycle configuration or choose the most suitable working fluid for certain application. In this paper, multi-objective optimization (MOO) approach has been applied in order to conduct an analysis that is to resolve if there is an influence of a mineralization of a geothermal water on an optimal evaporation temperature in ORC power plant with R1234yf as the working fluid.

ACS Style

Marcin Jankowski; Sławomir Wiśniewski; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. Multi-objective analysis of an influence of a brine mineralization on an optimal evaporation temperature in ORC power plant. E3S Web of Conferences 2018, 70, 01005 .

AMA Style

Marcin Jankowski, Sławomir Wiśniewski, Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. Multi-objective analysis of an influence of a brine mineralization on an optimal evaporation temperature in ORC power plant. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018; 70 ():01005.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Jankowski; Sławomir Wiśniewski; Aleksandra Borsukiewicz. 2018. "Multi-objective analysis of an influence of a brine mineralization on an optimal evaporation temperature in ORC power plant." E3S Web of Conferences 70, no. : 01005.