Adequate sanitation is essential for health, human well-being, the preservation of water resources, biodiversity, and the full enjoyment of human rights. Sanitation is a human right, and although it is linked to the human right to water (HRW), it has specific characteristics that deserve particular attention. These components are (1) availability; (2) quality; (3) physical accessibility; (4) affordability; (5) acceptability; (6) equality and non-discrimination; (7) government management and inter-institutional coordination; (8) access to information and participation; and (9) environmental protection. These components enable the analysis of other aspects that may not be fully considered from the traditional sanitation approach. This research aims to analyze the context of the realization of the human right to sanitation (HRS) in Mexico, for a future comprehensive assessment. The study was conducted through documentary and national news coverage research. It concluded that there are still significant challenges to realizing this human right in Mexico. Findings suggest that besides the infrastructure and pollution difficulties, there are other problems like physical and economic access to sanitation for the vulnerable population, inequality between urban and rural areas, the lack of maintenance work of sanitation infrastructure, and the lack of effective coordination between the authorities responsible for sanitation.

After a seism, sanitation is an issue that requires immediate attention at different levels, with the aim of minimizing the latent risks to the public health. The aim of this study is to develop a methodological framework proposal to analyze the possibility of earthquake waste management, considering technical aspects and legal frameworks after an earthquake in a developing country. The implementation case study, the 2017 Mexico City earthquake, has presented data collection of the types of waste and quantities carried out in the field, as well as from government reports and calculations; furthermore, a study was developed to analyze the capacity installed to earthquake waste management, by means of interviews conducted in the field due to the lack of public and congruent institutional information. Finally, an analysis was conducted of the current legal framework and public policy of disaster waste management. In this sense, earthquake rubble totaled 344,211.3 tons and the estimated weight of households items per collapsed dwelling amounted to 424.16 kg. This manuscript deals with the management of earthquake waste in Mexico, based on the data of the 2017 earthquake; the study also explains possible problems and political challenges about the earthquake waste management with the limited conditions of a developing country.

The National Soil Strategy for Sustainable Agriculture (ENASAS) arises in response to the increasing need to organize, coordinate and strengthen the implementation of actions oriented to the sustainable management of Mexico's agricultural soils. The measures recommended in this paper allow the conservation and maintenance of soils' essential functions for agriculture, food security and population well‐being. The health and quality of agricultural soils are under constant pressure from several factors, mainly anthropogenic. One of ENASAS's objectives is to identify and stop the causes involved in land degradation processes using a systemic approach. From this perspective, the participation of various actors in sustainable soil management allows the integration of different systems, practices, techniques and knowledge that promotes awareness among the entire population about the importance of soil resources. On the other hand, given current limitations on the availability of information necessary to support decision‐making and evaluate the result of the actions implemented, ENASAS promotes the generation of tools that provide reliable and updated data regarding Mexico's agricultural soils. In the same sense, this strategy encourages the development of scientific and technological research and the transfer of knowledge that meets the needs of farmers, particularly those who carry out their activities on a smaller scale. This perspective describes ENASAS as a multi‐institutional initiative that will support sustainable soil management practices across the country's agricultural systems of Mexico and contribute to the adaptation and mitigation of global environmental change.

La garantía del derecho a un medio ambiente sano ha evolucionado desde el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos hasta las Constituciones nacionales; sin embargo, ante la insuficiencia de esta protección se han desarrollado acciones colectivas orientadas a proteger intereses colectivos y difusos y lograr la reparación del daño ambiental. No obstante, en México este mecanismo de defensa tiene varias deficiencias desde su diseño, lo que dificulta el verdadero acceso a la justicia. En este sentido, analizamos cuestiones relacionadas con la legitimación de asociaciones en representación de intereses colectivos y difusos, así como con la prescripción, en el primer caso se exige un número de al menos 30 personas; mientras que en el segundo, el término para la prescripción es de tres años seis meses; exigencias que atentan contra el principio de progresividad por lo que podría traducirse en la denegación de justicia ambiental. Por último, estimamos que mientras no se consideren las características propias del derecho ambiental y se impulsen mecanismos de compensación que no están dirigidos a lograr la reparación del daño ambiental, la verdadera justicia ambiental seguirá siendo una ilusión. Guaranteeing the right to a healthy environment has evolved from international human rights law to the national constitutions; however, before the failure of this protection, have been developed class actions to defend collective and diffuse interests and remedy of environmental damage. However, in Mexico this defense mechanisms have several shortcomings since its construction, what it does difficult the real access to justice. In this regard, we analyze issues related to the legitimacy of associations representing collective and diffuse interests, as well as to the prescription; in the first case is required a number of at least thirty people; while in the second, the term is three years six months; requirements that violate the principle of progressivity, which could result in the denial of environmental justice. Finally, we estimate that while not considered the essential characteristics of environmental law, and instead of it are driven compensation mechanisms, which are not aimed at achieving repair environmental damage, the right to environmental justice will remain an illusion

Este artículo analiza las relaciones de México y los Estados Unidos de América respecto de las aguas fronterizas. En la región semiárida de la frontera México-EUA las tensiones sobre el uso del agua, su contaminación y su distribución equitativa han aumentado. Aunque hay muchos obstáculos, gradualmente la cooperación en la gestión de los recursos compartidos y en el tratamiento de los problemas ambientales transfronterizos se ha consolidado. La autora muestra algunos de los éxitos y de las fallas de los ambiciosos programas de política y de los tratados de la frontera y enfatiza que México y los EUA enfrentan un gran desafío, al ser necesario considerar las implicaciones del cambio climático en la definición de las estrategias de la administración del agua y su distribución equitativa, desarrollo urbano y mejora del medio ambiente en la zona fronteriza.