C. kraussii is an endemic fish species from Colombia and Venezuela and represents a valuable food resource for local human communities. Due to its economic importance, the management and captive breeding of this species are of special interest. However, the anatomical similarities between sexes have been a problem for visual identification. It is also important to indicate that C. kraussii has cryptic morphological behavior between sexes, a topic that has been one of the main problems for the implementation of management plans. The following research studied individuals from three different localities along the Canal del Dique, Bolívar Department in Colombia, in which the body shape of C. kraussii was analyzed using geometric morphometric analysis. The analyses detected the presence of intralocality sexual dimorphism in two of the three localities analyzed, showing a low morphological variability among males, presenting conserved body shape, as well as a greater morphological disparity among females. This sexual shape dimorphism may be associated with the environmental variation among different locations. These results suggest the presence of two evolutionary forces acting asymmetrically between the sexes of C. kraussii, with males mostly subject to sexual selection pressure, while females are mainly subject to environmental pressures.

Understanding the interspecific morphological variability of Caquetaia kraussii (Perciformes: Cichlidae) between different localities in its distribution range is becoming essential, as this species constitutes a valuable resource for the economy and subsistence of the local human communities where it is endemic in Colombia and Venezuela. In order to develop efficient farming and handling plans for this species, a deep understanding of the factors and mechanisms generating morphological variability is crucial. This study analyzes the morphological variability of C. kraussii by using geometric morphometrics in four localities distributed between the Dique and North channels, which are part of the Bolívar department in Colombia. Likewise, the effect of environmental variables such as temperature (T°), dissolved oxygen (OD) and pH on morphological variability was analyzed using a partial least squares approach. The results show that environmental stress has an influence on ~10% of the body shape of C. kraussii, whereas ~90% of the body shape is not directly influenced by environmental parameters, suggesting an effect from stress related to sexual dimorphism. Similarly, the analyses show shape variation among localities, mainly between populations of lotic environments and those of lentic environments. This morphological disparity seems to be subject to environmental and sexual stresses in the different localities.

We provide a preliminary list of the diurnal butterflies of El Carmen de Bolívar based on specimens captured between 2015 and 2017 using entomological nets during active searches. Six of the Colombian families of diurnal butterflies were registered. In this study, we provide the distribution of each species throughout the Colombian Caribbean and we confirmed the presence of some species in the region: Emesis fatimella, Eurybia lycisca (Riodinidae) and Urbanus teleus (Hesperiidae). This research contributes to the knowledge of diurnal butterflies in one of the most biodiverse areas of the Caribbean region, which undergoes a progressive transformation of their ecosystems.

The monotypic genus Barinas González-Sponga, 1987 is studied and rediagnosed, and a complementary description of the type species, Barinas flava González-Sponga, 1987, is provided. A new species, Barinas piragua sp. nov., is described from the Caribbean region of Colombia, representing the first record of the genus for the country. A brief discussion about the harvestmen in the Colombian Caribbean and the tropical dry forest of that region is offered.

Se revalidó la combinación restaurada de Rhaucus papilionaceus (Simon, 1879) según lo indicado previamente por Henriksen (1932). Se ofrece una nueva descripción de la especie, incluidas imágenes tomadas con microscopio electrónico de barrido (Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM) y un mapa de distribución. Esta especie representa la sexta especie válida del género y extiende su rango altitudinal a los bosques bajos en los Andes colombianos (1.500 m.s.n.m.). © 2018. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.

This study contributes taxonomic information on the genus Eutimesius Roewer, 1913. Three new species are described: the sympatric species E. aroasp. nov. and E. guaichiasp. nov. from Yaracuy state and E. canoabosp. nov. from Carabobo state in Venezuela. The male of E. ephippiatus (Roewer, 1915) is described for the first time. Remarks are made on the distribution of E. ornatus, and a complimentary description of male genitalia is provided for E. simoni Roewer, 1913. New departmental records are added for E. ephippiatus and E. simoni. An updated distribution map and a key to the identification of the males of the species in the genus are presented.