Stroke continues to impose an enormous morbidity and mortality burden worldwide. Stroke survivors often incur debilitating consequences that impair motor function, independence in activities of daily living and quality of life. Rehabilitation is a pivotal intervention to minimize disability and promote functional recovery following a stroke. The Internet of Medical Things, a network of connected medical devices, software and health systems that collect, store and analyze health data over the internet, is an emerging resource in neurorehabilitation for stroke survivors. Technologies such as asynchronous transmission to handle intermittent connectivity, edge computing to conserve bandwidth and lengthen device life, functional interoperability across platforms, security mechanisms scalable to resource constraints, and hybrid architectures that combine local processing with cloud synchronization help bridge the digital divide and infrastructure limitations in low-resource environments. This manuscript reviews emerging rehabilitation technologies such as robotic devices, virtual reality, brain–computer interfaces and telerehabilitation in the setting of neurorehabilitation for stroke patients.

The Ross procedure introduced a new technique for aortic valve replacement by utilizing a pulmonary autograft to replace the diseased aortic valve. This approach provides a living, dynamic valve substitute capable of growth and adaptation to systemic pressures while addressing the limitations of mechanical valves, which require lifelong anticoagulation, and bioprosthetic valves, which lack durability and growth potential. The Ross procedure offers superior hemodynamic performance and freedom from anticoagulation. While initially popular, utilization declined due to its technical complexity and concerns regarding the potential for the failure of two valves, requiring additional operations. Advances in surgical techniques, such as reinforced autografts, improved myocardial protection, and better homograft preservation, coupled with evidence of favorable long-term outcomes, have renewed interest in the procedure. Preoperative imaging with echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography angiography ensures optimal patient selection and preparation. Intraoperatively, precise autograft harvesting, accurate implantation, and meticulous right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction are critical for success. Blood conservation techniques, such as acute normovolemic hemodilution and retrograde autologous priming, are employed to minimize transfusion-related complications. The anesthesiologist plays a critical role, including meticulous monitoring of myocardial function and hemodynamics, with intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography being essential for assessing valve integrity and ventricular function. Recent studies suggest that the Ross procedure can restore life expectancy in appropriately selected patients, reinforcing its value as a surgical option for managing aortic valve disease.

Stroke continues to carry an enormous morbidity and mortality burden worldwide. Stroke survivors often incur debilitating consequences that impair motor function, independence in activities of daily living and quality of life. Rehabilitation is a pivotal intervention to minimize disability and promote functional recovery following a stroke. The Internet of Medical Things, a network of connected medical devices, software and health systems that collect, store and analyze health data over the internet is an emerging resource in neurorehabilitation for stroke survivors. This manuscript reviews emerging rehabilitation technologies such as robotic devices, virtual reality, brain-computer interfaces and telerehabilitation in the setting of neurorehabilitation for stroke patients.