The aim of this paper was to investigate the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), organizational commitment, and organizational identification with turnover intentions. This paper also explains the mediating relationship between organizational commitment and organizational identification with the corporate social responsibility and turnover intentions. The data were gathered from banking professionals working in different banks in Pakistan. The participants were recruited through convenient sampling; in total, three hundred participants were involved in this study. The resulting data were analyzed, and the conclusions were drawn through regression and correlation analysis using the SPSS Software. The findings of this study show that corporate social responsibility plays a significant role in determining the organizational commitment and organizational identification of internal stakeholders and employees in financial institutions. This study will be help organizations determine their social responsibility and all the benefits that they can receive through the implementation of CSR practices.

The study objective was to examine the role of psychological ownership as a mediator concerning organizational citizenship behavior and authentic leadership. A structured questionnaire was selected to gather primary data from 300 respondents of the telecom sector of Lahore; 263 questionnaires were selected valid. This research use employees of four different companies in the telecom sector as samples. This research uses correlation, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The empirical result shows that authentic leadership positively relates to organizational citizenship behavior. According to the findings of this study, psychological ownership partially mediates the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and authentic leadership among the employees of the telecommunication sector of Pakistan. The Implication of this study is limited to the telecom sector of Pakistan. How to Cite:Shaikh, E., Watto, W. A., & Tunio, M. N. (2022). Impact of Authentic Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior by Using The Mediating Effect on Psychological Ownership. Etikonomi, 21(1), 89-102. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v21i1.18968.

Industry 4.0 presents companies with new prospects to renovate industrial manufacturing processes and increase value creation, has promised several optimizing strategies for improved business performance. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between innovation capability and employee capability on organizational performance among Small and Medium Scale industries entrepreneurs. Following a positivist research philosophy with a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study design, the study addressed three direct and two indirect relationships in the model. The research followed the expectation Resource-Based View Theory to test the theoretical model. Following stratified random sampling, this research using 384 SME entrepreneurs from the Selangor state of Malaysia. The study applied Smart PLS-SEM to analyze the data. The results show that SME firms' innovation capability and employee capability positively correlate with business performance. The study also shows the partial mediation effect of technology change on innovation capability and business performance and employee capability and business performance. Research extends practical and theoretical implications to the stakeholders of SMEs and businesses. JEL Classification: L25, L26, L29 How to Cite: Govindarajo, N. S., Kumar M, D., Shaikh, E., Kumar, M., & Kumar, P. (2021). Industry 4.0 and Business Policy Development: Strategic Imperatives for SME Performance. Etikonomi, 20(2), 213 – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i2.20143.

This paper carried out an empirical study on Return on Assets (ROA), total assets turnover, financial leverage, working capital, and debt-to-equity ratio. This study investigated commercial banks operating in Turkey. A secondary data collection method is used for the data collected from fifteen commercial banks. These banks' financial reports were examined from 2011 to 2022. A line graph is presented for each balance that tells us the volatility ratio in the variables, the unit root test applied to resolve the unit root problem, and the cointegration test used for long-term relationships among variables. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound test was performed to measure the short-run and long-run effects. Financial leverage, debt-to-equity ratio, and working capital have short- and long-run effects on ROA. Total asset turnover has only long-run effects on ROA in the Turkish banking industry. This study will be beneficial for investment managers, financial specialists, treasurers, and controllers of the banking industry.

Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation

Research on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is not new but relatively very few researches have been focused on the influence of CSR on the organizational performance (OP), employee commitment (EC) and on the mediating role of EC with the CSR and OP. The current study was conducted on the sample size of 806 employees working in two reputable banks of Pakistan. The current study uses the PLS-SEM 3.0 version to test the proposed hypotheses. The results of current research study revealed the significantly positive link between the CSR with the performance of the organization, CSR with EC and the study also found the positive results of mediating role of EC between the CSR and OP. The study also suggests some significant future implication regarding the importance of CSR actions and its uses that can increase the commitment level of the employees, they feel proud to become part of that organizational who is socially responsible and the performance of the organization will also be enhanced.