Blockchain has revolutionized the field of supply chain management, allowing firms to optimize their operations and achieve enhanced levels of efficiency and environmental responsibility. This study investigates the relationships between the functionalities of the blockchain-enabled Internet of Things (IoT) and many aspects of the supply chain, namely, supplier integration, internal integration, customer integration, and sustainable logistic capabilities. It also analyses the impact of these correlations on the supply chain performance and sustainability of firms. This study is grounded in an empirical inquiry carried out using a questionnaire survey of the retail industry in Pakistan. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed to analyze the data. The findings indicate a direct correlation between the use of BC-enabled Internet of Things (IoT) capabilities and the integration of the supply chain, as well as logistic capabilities. Furthermore, there is a strong and meaningful correlation between blockchain-enabled supply chain integration and sustainable logistic capabilities and firm performance. The research findings indicate that the combined impact of digital innovations results in higher levels of corporate performance and sustainability. By embracing digitization through blockchain technology, business organizations can attain supply chain excellence. This integration enhances the adoption of environmentally beneficial actions, minimizes waste, and decreases carbon emissions across supply chains, thus reinforcing the connection between sustainable firm performance and environmental sustainability. As a result, the enterprises may execute sustainably through improved logistical capabilities and effective integration. The results hold great theoretical and practical significance for improving supply chain management efficacy and accomplishing multiple SDGs, including SDG-8, SDG-9, SDG-11, and SDG-12.

Purpose: In light of the complex and volatile business environment, the study aims to examine the influence of supply chain technological capabilities (SCTCs) on supply chain learning (SCL) and supply chain integration (SCI). Additionally, it examines the impact of supply chain learning and integration on supply chain absorptive capacity, as well as the effect of supply chain absorptive capacity (SCAC) on supply chain resilience (SCR) and supply chain robustness (SCRO). Design/methodology/approach: This study adopts a quantitative approach, with data collected from 411 manufacturing firms in China. For data analysis, PLS-SEM was utilized to achieve the study objectives. Findings: The outcome reveals that SCTCs favorably influence both SCL and SCI. Furthermore, SCL and SCI positively affect SCAC, which in turn has a beneficial impact on the SCR and SCRO. Practical implications: Practitioners gain actionable insights into leveraging SCTCs to enhance collaborative learning and integration, strengthening absorptive capacity. The study guides firms in designing adaptive supply chains by prioritizing technology adoption, knowledge-sharing mechanisms, and agile partnerships to mitigate disruptions. Originality/value: Grounded in the dynamic capabilities view, this study advances academic understanding by empirically validating a novel framework linking SCTCs, SCL, SCI and SCAC to SCR and SCRO. Unlike prior studies, it uniquely examines the interplay of these constructs in disruption contexts, addressing a critical gap in supply chain literature. The findings reveal that SCTCs are foundational to fostering SCL and SCI, amplifying SCAC —a key driver of SCR and SCRO.

In the current volatile corporate landscape, characterized by pandemics, technology innovations and market fluctuations, efficient supply chain management practices (SCMPs) are essential for improving organizational performance. Despite their significance, there is a paucity of research examining the distinct influence of SCMPs on firm operational and financial performance (FOFP) within Pakistan’s fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector, especially with competitive advantage (CA) serving as a mediator. This study investigates four SCMPs: strategic supplier partnerships (SSPs), information sharing (INF), customer relationship management (CRM), and postponement (PPT) and their impact on FOFP, mediated by CA. Data from 386 FMCG employees in Pakistan were gathered through a questionnaire and analyzed utilizing structural equation modelling with SMART PLS software (version 4.0). Findings demonstrate that SSP, INF and CRM substantially improve FOFP, reducing cost, enhancing delivery times, and increasing market share and profitability. Nonetheless, PPT demonstrates no substantial direct or mediated influence on FOFP, indicating its restricted relevance in FMCG settings absent strategic planning. CA positively influences the link among SSP, INF, CRM and FOFP, strengthening cost leadership and differentiation. These findings direct managers to emphasize SSPs, INF and CRM over conventional methods, perhaps using CRM-driven loyalty programmes to enhance market share.