James A. Middleton is Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Arizona State University. Previously, he held the Elmhurst Energy Chair in STEM education at the University of Birmingham in the UK. Dr. Middleton served as Senior co-Chair of the Special Interest Group for Mathematics Education in the American Educational Research Association, and as Chair of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics’ Research Committee. He has served on several task forces for the NCTM, is a regular reviewer for the US National Science Foundation and the US Department of Education, and serves on the Boards of several regional and national-level research centers. He has been a consultant for the College Board, the Rand Corporation, the US National Academies, the American Statistical Association, the IEEE, and numerous school systems around the United States, the UK, and Australia. Jim’s research interests focus in the following areas where he has published extensively: Mathematical thinking and reasoning; Mathematics teaching; and Student engagement in mathematics and engineering. To fund his research, Jim has garnered over USD 20 million in grants to study and improve mathematics education in urban schools. Currently, he loves introducing his engineering students to the use of data to improve the design of engineered products.