Aim: This study’s aim was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mothers regarding childhood vaccination during the first five years of children’s lives in Saudi Arabia. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with the application of convenience sampling, and 262 questionnaires were completed by Saudi mothers who had children aged 5 years or younger. Results: The majority of the participants were aged 25–31 years (57%), 61% held a bachelor’s degree, and 60.3% had children aged 2–5 years. The knowledge score was 86%, 2492 out of a total score of 2893; the attitude score was 89.1%, 973 out of a total score of 1052; the practice score was 80.5%, 1059 out of a total score of 1315. There was no evidence of an association (p > 0.05) between the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of mothers regarding vaccination and their sociodemographic aspects. Conclusion: The Saudi mothers in our sample were knowledgeable, with positive attitudes regarding vaccination, and they demonstrated good practices. This might be explained by the higher educational level of our sample. Recommendations: We recommend using multiple educational methods to support the practice of mothers regarding the management of complications of vaccinations.

Introduction: As Saudi Arabia advances its Vision 2030 agenda, which emphasizes artificial intelligence (AI) integration in healthcare and education, understanding students’ acceptance of AI in academic settings is increasingly important. Objective: To examine the relationship between nursing students’ attitudes toward AI, perceived usefulness, perceived usability, and their critical thinking motivation. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional correlational study was conducted across three Saudi universities. Data were collected from 390 undergraduate nursing students using the General Attitudes towards AI Scale, the technology acceptance model questionnaire, and the critical thinking motivation scale. Analysis included Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression. Results: Students reported positive attitudes toward AI, with strong correlations among AI attitude, usefulness, and usability ( r = .63–.78, p < .001). Weak but significant positive correlations were found between AI-related factors and critical thinking motivation ( r = .20–.40, p < .001). Higher academic level, the belief that AI will not replace nursing roles, and greater AI usability significantly predicted critical thinking motivation (adjusted R ² = .245, p < .001). Conclusion: Acceptance and perceived usability of AI tools are positively associated with critical thinking motivation in nursing students. These findings underscore the potential of AI to support cognitive skill development in nursing education. Educators should integrate AI early in nursing curricula, provide structured training, and frame AI as a support tool in clinical decision-making. Doing so can foster both critical thinking and digital competence among future nurses.

Background: A hemodialysis is a treatment option for patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). However, patients undergoing hemodialysis three times per week may experience psychological issues, including depression, which are highly prevalent among patients. Unfortunately, most healthcare providers fail to recognize the symptoms of depression due to overlap with other somatic symptoms; thus, depression remains undiagnosed. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression and compare the differences in depression symptoms according to the sociodemographic characteristics of patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from August to October 2021 with a total of 132 hemodialysis patients using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II) questionnaire to examine symptoms of depression at multiple health centers in Jeddah. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Post-hoc analysis using Conover tests were used for data analysis. Results: The prevalence of depression in hemodialysis patients was 51.5%, 25.8%, 15.9%, and 6.8%, with minimal, mild, moderate, and severe symptoms, respectively. Depression exhibited a significant relationship with sex (p = 0.034), with females showing higher mean depression scores than males. Additionally, depression scores were statistically significant across the different levels of education (p = 0.019), with the mean depression scores significantly highest in subjects who had only primary school level of education. Furthermore, the most common symptoms associated with depression were found to be energy loss and fatigue. Conclusion: Depression prevalence was relatively low among patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis, and a loss of energy and fatigue were the most common symptoms correlated with depression. Hence, nurses should be trained on how to routinely use psychological screening scales among patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis.

Falls in acute care settings are associated with negative consequences to patients and the healthcare system. Despite growing awareness of the importance of fall prevention in healthcare, there remains a notable lack of comprehensive reviews specifically evaluating nurse-led fall prevention programs in acute care settings. This integrative review aimed to synthesize the current evidence on the nurse-led programs designed to prevent falls among adult inpatients in acute care settings. This integrative review has been registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The review was guided by Whittemore and Knafl's five-stage integrative review framework. A systematic literature search was conducted across the CINAHL, Scopus, Medline, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases. Only studies published in English between 2016 and 2024, involving adult populations in acute care settings, were included, regardless of geographic location. Three reviewers independently reviewed and assessed the data extraction and methodological quality of each study using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The results were then analyzed and synthesized through narrative synthesis. Of 873 articles screened, 23 were included in the review. Four primary themes related to fall prevention strategies have been identified: the fall prevention strategies, nursing training and education, fall rate outcomes, and organizational and environmental factors. This integrative review highlights the critical role of nurse-led interventions in reducing inpatient falls within acute care settings. Analyzing the key features of these prevention strategies may enable future researchers to enhance and recommend employing multiple intervention strategies for more effective methods for minimizing fall incidents in such environments. Using a single fall prevention strategy demonstrated lower effectiveness than the multiple strategies.

COVID-19 has caused a global pandemic that has spread rapidly to six continents, with over 2.5 million deaths from December 2019 to March 2021. The number of confirmed COVID-19 cases is still growing worldwide, and quarantines have been recommended to prevent the disease’s spread. However, quarantines affect people’s quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study is to assess the effect of social isolation—quarantine—on QOL during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional, descriptive design was used in the present study. We obtained data from an online survey conducted in Saudi Arabia. We included a convenience sample of 775 participants in the study. Most of the participants were female (67%), with a mean age of 46 years ranging from 18 to 75 years. Many participants were government employees (n = 308, 39.7%) and had a bachelor’s degree or greater (n = 513, 66.2%). Most of the participants (n = 629, 81%) were free from any chronic disease. Nearly 88% of participants were partially isolated socially owing to COVID-19. Concerning QOL, the means of both the Physical Health Composite Scale and the Mental Health Composite Scale SF-12 scores were 44.7 and 34.6, respectively. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that partially socially isolated participants appeared to have significantly better physical health statuses (M = 44.96, SD = 5.90) than completely socially isolated participants (M = 42.87 ± 7.26). There was no significant social isolation effect on mental health status (t (773) = 2.5, p = 0.115). Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic considerably influenced various aspects of QOL including physical and mental health. Community-based interventions such as online counseling services and wellness programs are required to reduce the pandemic’s negative impact and enhance overall health status and QOL.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a chronic condition requiring ongoing management. Telehealth may improve HF outcomes. This review examines effects on complications, rehospitalizations, costs, and mortality. It aims to inform guidelines and policies. The objective is to evaluate and synthesize evidence about the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in improving self-care behaviours among HF patients. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from PubMed, CINHAL, Web of Science, and manual search through Google Scholar from 2016 until March 2025. Continuous data were pooled using the standardized mean difference. ROB 2 criteria assessed bias risk, while JBI evaluated the evidence level. This review protocol has been registered in PROSPERO. Results: Ten studies were included, totaling 2,128 patients. A meta-analysis showed improved self-care behaviours across six studies using the European Self-care Scale. The Standardized Mean Difference was significant between intervention and usual care groups (SMD = 1.075, t = 3.637, p < 0.001; 95% CI [0.495, 1.655]). This indicated that interventions were associated with a very large effect size and almost certainly a clinically meaningful improvement in self-care behaviours compared to the control group. However, there was no difference in self-care behaviours across the Management, Maintenance, and Confidence subscales of the Self-care Heart Failure Index between groups. Discussion: This meta-analysis found that Telehealth care significantly improved self-care in HF patients across 6 studies, as measured by the European Self-care Measure. However, no differences were noted in four studies utilizing the heart failure index. Future studies should have larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups to evaluate telehealth care’s effectiveness on self-care behaviours in HF patients. The findings of this review regarding telehealth interventions would empower nurses’ ongoing health coaching and enhance the quality and accessibility of patient care.