The bullet point of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030 is improving of countries food security through decreasing of hungry level and providing equal conditions for food to everyone. Besides, according to the findings the issues with hungry index could be solved through developing the agricultural sector corresponding of SDGs principals. The findings showed that the agricultural sector is start point of decreasing the hungry. The authors proved the type of the political regime had impact on the efficiency of achieving of SDGs and countries’ food security. The hypothesis of investigation was checking the relationship between political profile of the countries and level of sustainable development of the agricultural sector (ASI). The assessment of the relationship between average level of ASI and countries' democratic profile (democracy level of public relations) for 28 countries of Post-Soviet bloc proved the non-existence of differences between countries with authoritarian and transitional regimes opposed to other political regimes (imperfect and full democracy). The authors allocated three segments of countries: authoritarian and transitional regimes, imperfect democracy and full-fledged democracy. The findings proved the hypothesis that democracy level had a statistically significant impact on the average level of ASI. Using the bivariate and multivariate models the authors empirically proved that the democracy level increase by 1-point leads to the increase of the target index by 0.087 points for countries with authoritarian and transitional regimes (to which Ukraine belongs). Thus, the transition to a more democratic model of the political regime will partially offset the threats to food security.

About 10% of the world population suffered from hunger in 2018. Thereby, the main objective of this research is the identification of environmental drivers and inhibitors of a country’s food security in the short and long run. The Food Security Index (FSI) was constructed from 19 indicators using Principal Component Analysis. Identification of the short- and long-run relationships between the FSI and environmental factors was realized with the pooled mean-group estimator for 28 post-socialistic countries for 2000–2016. Empirical research results showed that a country’s food security in the short run is affected by greenhouse gas emissions but boosted by the increase of renewable energy production. Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, electrification of rural populations, access to clean fuels, renewable energy production, arable land, and forest area growth might be essential tasks in order to ensure countries’ food security in the long-run.

The Food Security Index (consists of 19 indicators) was developed to assess the impact of environmental determinants on the state of food security. The formation of the integral index was carried out using principal component analysis. The proportions of the inclusion of each of the 19 indicators are based on the eigenvalues of the 1st principal component that explains 48.37% of the variation. Identification of the environmental factors influence on the Food Security Index was carried out using panel data regression analysis (random-effect GLS regression) for the sample of 28 post socialistic countries for the period 2000-2016. Empirical results reveal a statistically significant positive effect of most ecological determinants of sustainable agro-management on food security. While the impact of growth in coal use for electricity and fossil fuels is insignificant. However, the increase in the consumption of electricity and growth of unproductive energy losses negatively affects the food security.

Sustainable development of the Ukrainian economy is rather complicated, extraordinary and controversial task for Ukraine. By fulfilling the obligations assumed by the world community to implement the main provisions of sustainable development, Ukraine undergoes comprehensive structural transformations, which undoubtedly have a significant impact on the development of its agrarian sector. Administrative and territorial reform is one of the major structural changes, which is taking place at the present time and has a direct impact on the agrarian sector development. The research is aimed at deepening the methodological principles for predicting the effectiveness of new institutes and rules caused by agrarian and structural transformations in the national economy, as well as substantiating the cluster model of sustainable development of the agrarian sector.The provision of the economic theory of “path dependence” is the methodological basis of the research. In the article, based on a combination of theoretical and empirical methods, the transformation of the state of the socio-economic system, which is conditioned by the introduction of a new rule in implementing the reforms, is researched. Under these conditions, the effect of hysteresis may arise – the new rule can fall into the institutional trap and stay in it even when perturbations often disappear.Given the analysis of the current implementation of the sustainable development model in the agrarian sector, the authors focus on combining the efforts of management bodies, socially responsible business and rural population and substantiate the need to improve the system of functional environment, which should be based on the cluster concept of development. It is precisely the cluster structure that will ensure the effectiveness of production relations between market agents, minimize the emergence of ineffective institutions and reduce the likelihood of institutional traps in the future.

The evaluation of rural governance capacity is a crucial part of studying the economic and social development of rural areas in the Henan Province. Based on the theory of social structure, this article studies the rural governance capacity. We construct a governance capacity evaluation indicator system from the perspective of social structure theory and use the entropy weight method TOPSIS evaluation model to calculate indicator weight and governance ability score of every township. The results illustrate that the overall governance capacity score is low, and there are differences among regions. The weights, which are different among different governance agents, provide a certain guidance for effectively improving governance capabilities. This study will offer a reference for the assessment of the governance of rural areas in Henan or in areas with similar economic and social development to the Henan region.

Purpose. By studying the relationship between vocational education and social and economic development, this paper further clarifies the internal relationship between them, and then puts forward the strategies for vocational education to adapt to social and economic development. Results. Through the investigation and analysis of the problems between vocational education and socio-economic development, we conclude that the strategies to enhance the ability of vocational education to adapt to socio-economic development are: firstly, we should strengthen the reform of vocational education serving socio-economic development, improve the vocational education and training system, pay attention to the cultivation of students’ key employability, and actively and deeply integrate the development of regional economy. Secondly, we should carefully analyze the uncoordinated and incompatible problems between vocational education and economic development, and solve them as soon as possible. Finally, the government should evaluate the ability of vocational education to promote social and economic development, strengthen the macro control of vocational education, give play to the important role of enterprises in the process of vocational education, introduce big data management, and set a good direction for vocational education, so as to support the sustained and rapid development and progress of the economy. Scientific novelty. This paper carefully analyzes the related problems between vocational education and social and economic development. In view of the combing and analysis of these problems, this paper obtains the relevant strategies to enhance the ability of vocational education to adapt to social and economic development, and points out the direction for the cultivation of technical and skilled talents that that will promote economic development. Practical value. Through the investigation and analysis of the relationship between vocational education and social and economic development, we find that there are some uncoordinated and incompatible problems between the current situation of vocational education and economic growth. By carefully combing and analyzing these problems, we can establish the direction of vocational education reform and development, and combined with the development trend of modern economic system, draw the strategy of how vocational education can adapt to social and economic development.