Introduction. In recent years, there has been a significant rise in the number of pediatric cases involving multiple magnet ingestion, resulting in increased incidence and morbidity of injuries. When a metal object and magnet are ingested, either single or multiple, they can cause serious complications such as intestinal obstruction, ischemia, necrosis, fistula, perforation, and even death. This study aims to detail the complications and treatment approaches associated with magnet ingestion in children. Materials and Methods. In our study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of all cases involving the ingestion of a magnet along with a second metal object at two training and research hospitals in our province, which admit pediatric patients, between the years of 2013 and 2023. Results. A total of 42 patients had a history of magnet ingestion, with the number of ingested magnets ranging from 1 to 41. The median magnet size was 11 mm (range: 5.5-17.5 mm) and the median time to presentation was 24 hours (range: 3-48 hours). Thirteen patients (30.9%) required either endoscopic or surgical intervention to extract the magnets or address complications. Endoscopy was performed on eight patients, while surgical intervention was required for five patients. Among those who underwent surgery, four experienced complications, including intestinal perforation, ileoileal fistula, and internal herniation. Notably, no fatalities occurred following intervention. There was no statistically significant difference in age or magnet size between the interventional and non-interventional groups. However, the length of hospital stay was significantly longer in the interventional group compared to the non-interventional group (P

Preoperative differentiation of Wilms tumor and neuroblastoma on pediatric abdominal computed tomography (CT) images may be challenging because of overlapping imaging features. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence-assisted lesion-localization model for exploratory diagnostic support in this differential setting. In this single-center, retrospective, image-level study, a YOLO26s detector was trained on preoperative contrast-enhanced CT PNG images with histopathology-anchored labels. The dataset comprised 3553 images, including 2103 lesion-positive images and 1450 background-negative images, partitioned into training, validation, and test subsets. On the held-out test set, the model achieved a precision of 0.954, a recall of 0.951, an mAP@0.5 of 0.977, and an mAP@0.5:0.95 of 0.732. Class-specific mAP@0.5:0.95 values were 0.734 for neuroblastoma and 0.730 for Wilms tumor. At the image level, tumor-present versus background-negative discrimination yielded 99.5% sensitivity, 89.0% specificity, a 93.0% positive predictive value, a 99.2% negative predictive value, and 95.3% accuracy. YOLO26s showed strong within-dataset performance for lesion localization and differential support between Wilms tumor and neuroblastoma.

Although breast masses are uncommon in children and adolescents, it is a worrying phenomenon for families when diagnosed.Breast masses in this age group are generally benign and most of them are seen in adolescents. Materials and Methods: The patient information was obtained from the hospital records and automation system. The patients were retrospectively analyzed with regards to age, complaints and their duration, family history, association with menstruation, location and size of the breast mass, methods of diagnosis, histopathological findings, and postoperative complications. Results: There was no difference between NOG and NG with respect to median age, body mass index, side and location of the mass, reason for admission, association with puberty, and follow-up time (p>0.05). When both groups were compared in terms of the size of the mass, the mass size was measured to be 2.2 cm (1.4-3) in NOG and 3.8 cm (3-8) in NG. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=0.12). Discussion and Conclusion: Surgical excision will be appropriate when a pediatric breast mass is detected in the neoplastic group, there is a family history, the size of the mass does not change or increase during follow-up, and malignancy is suspected on imaging.

Megacystis-Microcolon-Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome (MMIHS) is a rare disorder characterized by smooth muscle dysfunction impairing the intestine and bladder. This disorder is commonly associated with a fatal prognosis. Here, we present a female neonate with antenatal clues who had abdominal distension since birth and underwent multiple exploratory laparotomies, and bladder distension requiring drainage by catheterisation. Unresponsive surgical procedures for bowel decompression were carried out. She was managed with total parenteral nutrition and jejunostomy. Mutation in the smooth muscle gamma-actin (ACTG2) gene confirmed the diagnosis. A timely high index of suspicion is crucial for neonates, especially females with abdominal and urinary distension. The early multidisciplinary assesment of the patient provides appropriate treatment modalities, and improves the survival.