Background: Leadership is present at all levels of nursing and is essential to ensure the continuous improvement of nursing practice environments and the quality of the care provided to patients. This reality, coupled with the growing complexity of today’s health contexts, emphasises the importance of promoting the development of leadership skills in undergraduate nursing students, thus training nurses who are capable of acting as leaders and agents of change. To this end, a scoping review was carried out to map the available scientific evidence on the development of leadership in undergraduate nursing students. Methods: The scoping review was conducted according to two systematic review guidelines. The searches were conducted across a total of five databases for published studies and two databases for the unpublished/grey literature. The data extraction and analysis were performed by two reviewers, who independently screened and extracted data from the selected studies. Results: This review included 25 articles, and four thematic categories were identified—students’ perceptions of leadership; strategies to train leaders in nursing; the evaluation of leadership development; and conceptual models and curricula. The main conclusions highlight the need to reformulate existing curricula, the importance of integrating student-centred pedagogical approaches to promote leadership development, the impact that evaluating leadership development has on the whole process, contributing to the construction of an identity as a leader, and the need for it to be done in a structured and progressive way. Conclusions: The teaching of leadership should be promoted from the beginning of training, in a transversal, continuous, consistent, sustained, and articulated way, incorporating different disciplines, because only in this way will it be possible to train competent nurse leaders who are capable of acting in today’s complex and dynamic health contexts.

Background: The nursing practice environment significantly influences nurses’ job satisfaction, turnover, and burnout; therefore, it is essential to promote favorable environments to ensure the retention of qualified professionals. Improving the nursing practice environment is a low-cost organizational strategy associated with satisfaction, retaining professionals, and reducing burnout. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the nursing practice environment and job satisfaction, turnover, and burnout among primary healthcare nurses in Portugal. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study was carried out based on data from the RN4CAST Portugal Project. The Nurse Survey Instrument (Core Nurse Survey) of the RN4Cast Project (2018) was used for data collection. The sample consisted of 1059 nurses from fifty-five health center groups in mainland Portugal, fifteen health centers in the Autonomous Region of Madeira, and six health centers in the Autonomous Region of the Azores. Results: Primary healthcare nurses in Portugal rated the nursing practice environment as unfavorable or mixed, with an average ($\overline{\mathrm{x}}$) of 2.5 (standard deviation (SD) = 0.4), which is associated with lower job satisfaction, with an average of 2.0 (SD = 0.4), moderate intention to leave, with 40.3%, and low levels of burnout, with an average of 1.6 (SD = 0.8). There was also a negative correlation between the nursing practice environment and burnout (r = −0.28) and its dimensions. Emotional exhaustion (r = −0.35) represents the individual dimension of stress and physical exhaustion, corresponding to feelings regarding the depletion of emotional and physical resources, depersonalization (r = −0.18) represents the interpersonal context dimension of burnout, and a lack of personal accomplishment (r = −0.15) represents the self-assessment dimension of burnout and refers to feelings of incompetence and a lack of confidence and self-efficacy at work. Conclusions: The quality of the work environment is associated with greater job satisfaction and a reduction in burnout. For this reason, improving the work environment has therefore been associated with increased job satisfaction and reduced burnout among primary healthcare nurses, promoting nurse retention and the well-being of healthcare teams.

Background: Teamwork promotes the quality and safety of care. The TeamSTEPPS^® program enhances communication and teamwork among healthcare professionals and students, as well as the associated benefits. Currently, there are no studies that comprehensively explore the benefits achieved through the implementation of TeamSTEPPS^® across different contexts (educational and clinical practice). Objective: This scoping review aimed to map the existing evidence on the benefits of implementing TeamSTEPPS^® in educational and professional settings, emphasizing its contribution to sustainable teamwork, patient safety, and organizational learning. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Searches were performed in CINAHL Ultimate, Medline Ultimate, Scopus, the Portuguese Open Access Scientific Repository, Web of Science and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, with no time restrictions. Studies were selected based on the PCC framework, focusing on healthcare students and professionals (Population), TeamSTEPPS^® implementation (Concept), and academic or clinical settings (Context). A descriptive and thematic analysis was used, enabling the identification of emerging categories and recurring patterns among the included studies. Results: Twenty-eight articles published between 2009 and 2025, predominantly from the United States of America and conducted in hospital settings, were found. The included studies comprised quantitative (n = 11), qualitative (n = 4) and quasi-experimental study (n = 13) designs. From the analysis, four thematic categories emerged: academic education, interprofessional education and simulation; professional transition and professional development; clinical implementation of the TeamSTEPPS^® program in real-world settings; and patient safety culture as a central focus. Conclusions: The available evidence suggests that the TeamSTEPPS^® program may strengthen teamwork and promote safe and high-quality care in both educational and clinical settings. While short-term training leads to immediate improvements in team dynamics, continuous training demonstrates greater long-term effectiveness. The consolidation of the TeamSTEPPS^® methodology relies on organizational commitment, leadership engagement, and the integration of interprofessional training from the academic level onward.

The lack of evidence synthesis studies on the role of psychiatric mental health nursing in the context of psychiatric home hospitalization underscores the limited research on nurses providing care in these teams, particularly concerning their experiences and responsibilities and the actual role of nurses in this context. This knowledge has the potential to improve the quality of mental healthcare by guiding nursing practices. Objective: To map the concepts related to the role of mental health nurses in psychiatric home hospitalization. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the methodology proposed by the JBI, involving five methodological stages. No search limits were applied except for language. Results: The review identified five key dimensions of nursing in psychiatric home hospitalization: satisfaction; care models; the therapeutic relationship; the care environment; the organization of care. These interconnected dimensions influence quality care. Satisfaction among nurses, patients, and families is associated with improved outcomes and reduced stigma. The therapeutic relationship is characterized by a humanistic approach, emphasizing dialogue, empathy, and shared decision making. Additionally, the importance of care organization is highlighted, including individualized care plans, medication management, and intersectoral collaboration. Discussion: The five nursing dimensions align with the Quality Standards of the Portuguese Nursing Council and are consistent with the scientific literature. Conclusions: Although there is a shortage of studies on this topic, this review allows for the synthesis of nursing interventions and reflection on the paradigm shift in care within the scope of psychiatric mental health nursing interventions. Future studies highlighting the value of mental health nursing interventions, with a particular focus on nursing-sensitive indicators and employing quantitative or mixed methods, will be crucial to furthering the analysis conducted thus far.

Introduction: Leadership is a complex and multidimensional concept that has been widely studied in the field of nursing, given its proven influence on the nursing practice environment, and on the quality and safety of the care provided. Identifying which leadership skills are necessary for effective leadership, and understanding how they can be developed, is extremely important, as, without them, it is difficult for nursing leaders to maintain favourable nursing practice environments. In this context, we highlight the relevance of the Self-Assessment Leadership Instrument (SALI), which was developed by Bonnie Smola with the aim of specifically measuring leadership behaviours in nurses and nursing students. In this study, the SALI was translated, cross-culturally adapted, and validated for the Portuguese cultural context. Purpose: This study aimed to (1) culturally and linguistically adapt the SALI to Portuguese and (2) validate its psychometric properties, resulting in a Portuguese version of the instrument. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative methodological study was carried out. The scale was translated and adapted transculturally through a rigorous process and applied to the target population of two nursing colleges, with a total of 1590 nursing students. Results: The Portuguese version maintains the 40 items of the original scale. Internal consistency proved to be high, with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.95 for the total scale. Content validity was ensured during the initial stages of the translation and cross-cultural adaptation process. Construct validity was analysed using factor analysis, which identified the four leadership dimensions assessed, explaining 49.39% of the total variance: Critical and Strategic Thinking; Teamwork Skills; Emotional Intelligence; and Communication and Relational Influence. The final factor model achieved showed very good fit indices, which reinforced the underlying theoretical structure. Conclusion: The PT-SALI proved to be a valid, reliable, and robust tool for assessing, monitoring, and promoting the development of leadership competences in the Portuguese cultural context, with applicability in undergraduate and postgraduate contexts.

A persistência da book-tax differences (BTD), ou seja, a autocorrelação dessa variável entre períodos consecutivos, pode ser utilizada para identificar a persistência do lucro contábil e do lucro tributável de maneira conjunta. A oscilação desses lucros provavelmente aumentou após a adoção das International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), provocando a redução da persistência da BTD. Porém a adoção efetiva das IFRS na prática das empresas do Brasil, país de origem code law, possivelmente demore a ocorrer. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar o comportamento da persistência da BTD nas companhias abertas brasileiras após a adoção das IFRS. A amostra composta por 842 observações do período de 2004 a 2015, foi testada por meio de “generalised method of moments” (GMM) e “autoregressive process” AR(1). Os resultados sugerem persistência dos três tipos de BTD (total, temporária e permanente) no horizonte temporal de estudo. A BTD temporária revelou menor nível de persistência. Além disso, os resultados sugerem redução da persistência dos três tipos de BTD após a adoção das IFRS, sendo a BTD temporária a mais afetada. Infere-se que o aumento de escolhas contábeis, o subjetivismo responsável e a representação fidedigna, inerentes à adoção das IFRS, podem provocar oscilações nos lucros reduzindo a persistência da BTD.