The objective of this study is to evaluate the trabecular structure in hypodivergent individuals using fractal analysis, with a particular focus on specific mandibular regions. This study aims to assess the impact of hypodivergent growth patterns on bone microarchitecture. This research involved a methodological approach using panoramic radiographs to assess trabecular structure at specific regions of the mandible using fractal analyses. The dimensions of the fractals were calculated with the use of the box-counting technique by the software Image J (v1.53c; Bethesda, MD, USA, National Institutes of Health), while the statistical evaluations were carried out with the Jamovi Software (The Jamovi Project, version 2.3.21.0). The study found significant differences in fractal dimension values between hypodivergent individuals and the control group, particularly in the condyle and angulus regions, indicating a less complex trabecular structure in hypodivergent individuals. This study concludes that individuals with a hypodivergent growth pattern exhibit alterations in trabecular bone structure within the mandibular condyle and angulus regions, characterized by reduced complexity. These findings suggest that increased occlusal forces and mechanical stress associated with this growth pattern may contribute to changes in trabecular architecture. Understanding these variations is essential for orthodontic and maxillofacial diagnosis, treatment planning, and biomechanical considerations, particularly in cases requiring vertical dimension management or anchorage control.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the torque effectiveness of different attachment types and power ridges used in clear aligner therapy (CAT) on the upper lateral incisors. Methods: A typodont model simulating oral conditions was developed. Two hundred lateral incisor samples were divided into five groups based on attachment types and clear aligner modifications: no attachments (NA), horizontal ellipsoid attachment (HEA), vertical ellipsoid attachment (VEA), buccal power ridge (BPR), and buccal and palatal power ridge (BPPR). Subsequently, a 5° palatal torque moment was applied to the lateral incisors. In-house clear aligners were inserted, and 3D scanning was performed after each aligner step. Post-treatment 3D models were compared with pre-treatment models. The lateral incisors were assessed for torque, tipping, and rotational movements. Results: The HEA group (41.6%) and the BPPR group (40.8%) showed significantly higher torque effectiveness than the NA group (20%) when 5° of torque was delivered. The planned movement was approximated when 1° and 2° of torque were applied in the NA group (114% and 98%, respectively). The NA and BPR groups showed the highest loss of anchorage. Conclusions: When more than 3° of torque was applied, HEA and BPPR were more effective than NA in achieving the CAT’s planned torque of the upper lateral incisors, although with an efficacy rate of approximately 40%. Highlights: It is challenging to achieve torque movement using CAT. When less than 3° of torque was required, additional mechanics were not necessary. BPPR and HEA showed higher effectiveness when 5° of torque was applied. The efficacy of BPR was similar to that of NA.

Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy of clear aligner attachments and quantify excess composite volume when using flowable composite resins with different viscosities in an in vitro setting. The null hypothesis was that viscosity would not significantly impact accuracy or excess. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 samples was evaluated. Four attachment types: ellipsoid (EA), rectangular (RA), beveled (BA), and half-moon (HMA), were applied using three flowable composites: Estelite Universal Flow High (HF), Medium (MF), and Super-Low (SLF) viscosity (Tokuyama Dental, Japan). Attachments were bonded on three-dimensionally printed typodont models and digitally scanned. Digital scans were aligned with reference models using local best-fit analysis. Surface deviation was measured at five points, and overall deviation was represented by arithmetic mean and standard deviation (sigma) values. Excess composite area and volume were calculated. The data were nonnormally distributed, so nonparametric tests were used: Kruskal-Wallis for group comparisons and Mann-Whitney U for pairwise analyses ( P < .05). Results: Significant differences in attachment accuracy and excess composite were observed among viscosity groups. In EA and RA groups, HF composite showed significantly greater accuracy than MF and SLF ( P = .016, P = .018). In BA, SLF exhibited lower accuracy than HF and MF ( P = .005). Excess composite volume was significantly higher in EA and HMA with HF composite ( P = .011 and P = .002, respectively). Conclusions: Composite viscosity and attachment shape influence accuracy and excess. High-viscosity resins improve precision but increase excess; low-viscosity resins reduce excess but may compromise accuracy. Both material and attachment design should guide clinical choices in clear aligner treatment.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the apparent trends in cleft lip and palate (CLP) studies published over the last 10 years, and assesses the effectiveness of the studies. Materials and Methods: The SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) data were utilized to select the journals with a high SJR indicator in each of the orthodontics, pedodontics, general dentistry, speech therapy, clinical genetics, pediatrics, plastic esthetic and reconstructive surgery and oral surgery areas. CLP-related studies were identified in the databases accessed through Web of Science owned by Clarivate Analytics. The articles were assessed in terms of year of publication, journal title, specialty, article subject matter, affiliations of the authors, citation relationships and countries/regions of origin. A total of 2,696 CLP-related articles published over the last 10 years were identified based on our search criteria. Results: The analysis revealed that the most prominent keywords were “palatoplasty”, “alveolar bone grafting”, “distraction osteogenesis” and “orthognathic surgery” among the treatment procedures. The most common WoS categories among the articles were dentistry, oral surgery & medicine, and surgery. The most cited publications over the last decade have included such terms as “environmental risk factor”, “GRHL3”, “FGFR2”, “loci”, “candidate gene” and “BMP”. Conclusion: Recent CLP articles in the literature have focused mainly on treatment procedures, with the most-cited articles generally containing evaluations of the relationship between CLP and genetics. More recent methods have been discussed in only a limited number of studies.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy, dependability, and readability of websites providing information about orthognathic surgery. Material and Methods: A total of 300 websites encountered through Google, Yahoo, and Bing search engines using the search terms “orthognathic surgery” and “jaw surgery” were utilized. Websites containing duplicate advertisements, original articles, or course content with video links unrelated to the topic were excluded from the study. Ninety-three websites were included in the study. The included websites were assessed for reliability and quality using the DISCERN, Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP), and Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) tools. Readability was evaluated by determining the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES) and Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) scores. The data that did not show normal distribution were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Post hoc comparisons were conducted using the least significant difference and Mann– Whitney U-tests. A significance level of P < 0.05 was accepted. Results: The mean DISCERN score was (38.47 ± 10.47), the EQIP score was (57.34 ± 10.73), and the JAMA score was (0.81 ± 0.99). The FRES was determined to be (43.89 ± 11.36), and the FKGL score was (12.06 ± 2.3). In the layperson group, the highest scores were found in the DISCERN (44.62 ± 9.73) and JAMA (1.85 ± 0.8) analyses compared to other groups. Conclusion: Website content on orthognathic surgery is generally of poor quality, and moderate reliability, with readability often being challenging for the average reader. There is a need for more user-friendly websites that offer comprehensive and easily digestible information to better serve orthognathic surgery patients.

Objectives: The study aimed to comparatively evaluate the patients’ experiences with these treatments by analyzing the contents of the posts shared by the patients with clear aligner and fixed orthodontic treatment (FOT). Material and Methods: To reach the treatment methods, the hashtags “braces” for FOT and “aligner” for clear aligner treatment (CAT) were used in the Instagram search engine. To reach objective patient evaluations, clinicians’ posts, company posts, and influencers’ posts containing advertisements and collaborations were eliminated and direct patient posts were considered. Seventy-nine posts were included in the FOT group and 52 posts in the CAT group. The posts were evaluated comparatively in terms of the number of likes, followers of the profiles, comments and content, the gender of the patients, and the treatment stage. Results: According to the results of the analysis, although the number of followers, likes, comments, and positive and neutral comments were higher in favor of the aligner group between the FOT and CAT groups, the rate of likes/followers was found to be higher in favor of the fixed treatment group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Considering the literature, although studies on CATs on social media are limited, this media is seen as an effective factor in the treatment decision-making process of patients. While the most negative comments of individuals in fixed treatment were psychological effects, the most criticized issue in CAT was treatment fees.