Electricity from renewable energy sources represents the most promising way to decarbonize energy systems. A grid connection of car Electricity Storage Systems (ESSs) represents an opportunity to tackle issues regarding electricity production non-programmability, only if sufficiently smart bi-directional Vehicle to Grid technologies (V2G) are widely implemented. Fully Bi-directional grid capabilities are still poor and must be increased, both physically and in terms of management and billing possibilities (in the so-called smart-grid paradigm). However, some V2G technologies may be already implemented in smaller individual contexts: so-called Vehicle to Home, V2H technologies. Starting from these considerations, within the frame of an Italian publicly funded research project, the authors categorized and described many possible application contexts and developed an open-source dynamic simulation (fully available under request for the scientific community) to identify most promising conditions. To this aim, they also synthetized and tested an effective energy optimization algorithm which will soon be implemented on a prototypal wireless V2H device, built by ENEA in cooperation with Cassino University, in Italy. The performances of the system were assessed evaluating electricity auto-consumption and home auto-feeding ratios. Simulations show that very relevant performances can be obtained, up to the values 69% for electricity auto-consumption and 82% of home auto-feeding.

Supercritical fluid technologies are widely used in various applications ranging from pharmaceutical to food industry, from energy sector to petrochemistry and, recently, also in the internal combustion engine. The main issue associated with bringing water to supercritical conditions is related to irregular heat transfer regimes due to the continuous variations in thermodynamic properties, as the temperature increases. Induction heating systems can be used to achieve these conditions quickly and efficiently. In this study, a novel system designed to heat and pressurize a fluid above its critical condition is presented. The adopted pressurization system consists of common-rail automotive derivation devices, while the heat bringing temperature above the supercritical value is supplied through an induction heating system. For the choice of the proper power of the induction device, a numerical simulation has been carried out. The whole system has been tested with water to demonstrate the ability of the device to reach the supercritical target conditions.